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PMOS Transistor

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ulnoor315
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8 views

PMOS Transistor

Uploaded by

ulnoor315
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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pMOS Transistor:

Structure:

The pMOS transistor is one of the basic types of MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect
Transistors). It is constructed using a p-type semiconductor substrate. The key components of a pMOS
transistor are:

1. Source (S): The terminal through which current enters the transistor.

2. Drain (D): The terminal through which current exits the transistor.

3. Gate (G): The terminal that controls the conductivity between the source and drain.

Operation:

The operation of a pMOS transistor is opposite to that of an nMOS transistor. Here's how it works:

• When a positive voltage is applied to the gate terminal (with respect to the source), it creates an
electric field that repels the majority charge carriers (holes in a p-type semiconductor) away from the
gate-channel interface.

• This depletion region forms, reducing the conductivity between the source and drain. As the
gate voltage increases, the depletion region widens, further decreasing conductivity.

• When the gate voltage reaches a certain threshold, known as the threshold voltage (Vth), the
transistor begins to conduct.

• As the gate voltage increases beyond the threshold voltage, the conductivity between the
source and drain decreases, until the transistor reaches saturation.

• In a pMOS inverter, the pMOS transistor is connected between the power supply (Vdd) and the
output node.

• When the input signal is low (logic 0), the voltage applied to the gate of the pMOS transistor is
high.

• With a high gate voltage, the pMOS transistor turns on, providing a low-resistance path between
the power supply and the output node.

• Consequently, the output node is pulled up to the power supply voltage (Vdd), resulting in a
high output voltage (logic 1).

• Conversely, when the input signal is high (logic 1), the pMOS transistor is turned off, isolating
the output node from the power supply.

• Thus, the output node is allowed to be pulled down to a low voltage (ground) via the nMOS
transistor, resulting in a low output voltage (logic 0).
Summary:

• The pMOS transistor is a key component in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)


technology.

• In an inverter circuit, the pMOS transistor complements the behavior of the nMOS transistor to
achieve signal inversion.

• When the input signal is low, the pMOS transistor conducts, pulling the output node up to the
power supply voltage (Vdd).

• When the input signal is high, the pMOS transistor is off, and the output node is allowed to be
pulled down to ground through the nMOS transistor.

• This configuration enables efficient signal inversion and forms the basis of digital logic gates in
modern integrated circuits.

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