Smoke Bomb PDF

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA ASC
CENTRE
Chemistry Investigatory
Project:
Preparation of Smoke Bomb
2023-2024
Submitted By:
AAKANSH YADAV & AKHILESH S KUMAR
CLASS:
XII-C
Contents
 Certificate
 Acknowledgement
 Aim
 Theory
 Material Requirement
 Procedure
 Equation & Uses
 Bibliography
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Aakansh Yadav

and Akhilesh S Kumar of class XII-C
have successfully completed the file in
chemistry on the topic how to prepare a
smoke bomb during academic session
2023-2024 as per guidelines issued by
Central Board Of Secondary Education
Internal Examiner External Examiner
Principal
Acknowledgement
We express our sincere thanks to our
Chemistry teacher Mr. Roopendra who
guided us to the successful completion of
this project. We take this opportunity to
express our deep sense of gratitude for
their individual guidance, constant
encouragement and immense motivation
which have sustained our efforts at all
stages of this project work.
We extend our sincere thanks to our

principal Mrs. Namita Balodi for her
support and for the facilities provided
for the project work.
In the end, we would wish to thank

everyone, who motivated us to continue
our work.
Aim
. To Prepare a Smoke Bomb.
Theory
A smoke bomb is a firework designed to produce smoke
upon ignition. Smoke bombs are useful to military
units, self-defense and pranks. The smoke bomb was
first created in 1848, by the inventor Robert Yale.
Colored smoke devices use a formula that consists of an
oxidizer (typically potassium chlorate, KClO3), a fuel
(generally sugar), a moderate (such as sodium
bicarbonate) to keep the reaction from getting too
hot, and a powdered organic dye for color. The burning
of this mixture evaporates the dye and forces it out of
the device, where it condenses in the atmosphere to
form a "smoke" of finely dispersed particles.
Material Requirement
Sugar
Potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as
saltpeter Skillet or pan
Aluminum foil or a used tissue paper roll
Fuse for easy ignition (from fireworks)
Cotton and tape
Burner
Procedure
1. Pour about 3 parts potassium nitrate to 2 parts sugar

into the skillet (5:3 ratio is also good).
Measurements don't need to be exact, but you want
more KNO3 than sugar. For example, you can use 1-1/2
cups KNO3 and 1 cup sugar. If you use equal amounts
of KNO3 and sugar, your smoke bomb will be harder
to light and will burn more slowly. As you approach
the 5:3 KNO3: sugar ratio, you get a smoke bomb
that burns more quickly.
2. Apply low heat to the pan. Stir the mixture with
a spoon using long strokes. If you see the grains of
sugar starting to melt along the edges where you are
stirring, remove the pan from the heat and reduce
the temperature before continuing.
3. Basically you are caramelizing sugar. The mixture
will melt and become a caramel or chocolate color.
Continue heating/stirring until the ingredients are
liquefied. Remove from heat.
4. Pour the liquid onto a piece of foil or into the
cardboard roll. You can pour a smaller amount onto
a separate piece, to test the batch. You can pour
the smoke bomb into any shape, onto an object, or
into a mold. The shape and size will affect the burning
pattern.
5. If you aren't going to clean your skillet
immediately, pour hot water into the pan to dissolve
the sugar (or else it will be harder to clean). Clean up
any residue you may have spilled out of the pan, unless
you want mini-smoke bombs on your stovetop.
6. While the mix is still hot, push a pen lightly down
the mold and don’t remove it. Allow the smoke bomb
to cool. (About an hour) Now, remove the pen and
insert the fuse.
7. Secure the fuse with cotton.
Equation
48KNO3 + 5C12H22O11
24KCO + 24N + 36CO2 + 55H2O

Uses
Smoke bombs are primarily used in military warfare as smoke

screens. Smoke screens are usually used by infantry to conceal
their movement in areas of exposure to enemy fire and to conceal
a withdrawal.
The use of smoke screens was common in the naval battles of

World War I & II. Another application is in smoke grenades:
Smoke grenades are canister-type grenades used as ground-
to-ground or ground-to-air signaling devices, target or landing
zone marking devices, or as screening devices for unit
movements. Smoke grenades are normally considered non-
lethal, although incorrect use may cause death.
Bibliography
http://wiki.answers.com
http://wikipedia.com
http://chemistry.about.com
http://wikihow.com

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KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA ASC

Preparation of Smoke Bomb

 Equation & Uses

This is to certify that Aakansh Yadav

Internal Examiner External Examiner

We extend our sincere thanks to our

In the end, we would wish to thank

1. Pour about 3 parts potassium nitrate to 2 parts sugar

24KCO + 24N + 36CO2 + 55H2O

Smoke bombs are primarily used in military warfare as smoke

The use of smoke screens was common in the naval battles of

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