֍ So sánh

a. So sánh bằng

(+) S1 + BE + AS + ADJ + AS + S2/N…

(+) S1 + V + AS + ADV + AS + S2/N….

Ex:

The black book is as expensive as the white one.

Anna sings as beautifully as a singer (does).

(-) S + BE +………………………………………

(-) S +……………………………………………….

Ex:

My bicycle is not as new as your bicycle.

The film wasn’t so interesting as I expected.

I cannot run as fast as he does.

He doesn’t cook as well as he used to.

- Để so sánh về gấp bao nhiêu lần thì ta dùng cấu trúc là: twice as … as, three times as … as,..

Ex:

Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.

- So sánh bằng nhau hoặc như nhau cũng có thể được diễn đạt bằng cấu trúc the same as.

S + to be + the same + (noun) + as + noun/ pronoun

Ex:

My house is as high as his. = My house is the same height as his. = The height of my house is the same as his.

What would you like to drink? ~ I’ll have the same as you.

b. So sánh hơn kém: (Adj-er)

Tính từ ngắn

S1 + TOBE + ADJ-ER THAN + S2

- Tính từ ngắn có 1 âm tiết => Thêm er vào sau tính từ

- Nếu 1 nguyên âm đứng giữa 2 phụ âm thì phụ âm cuối phải gấp đôi trước khi thêm er

( big->bigger, ….)
- Tính từ dài có 2 âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng -y, -ow, -le ( happy -> happier, narrow->narrower, simple->simpler,
clever-> cleverer)

- Nếu muốn nhấn mạnh hơn thì bạn thêm much, far trước khi so sánh.

Ex: Harry’s computer is much far more expensive than mine.

Tính từ dài

- Đối với tính từ dài, có 2 âm tiết trở lên thì ta thêm more vào trước tính từ (hoặc trạng từ) để thể hiện so sánh hơn
kém.

S1 +TOBE + more/less + adj+ than + S2/N/pronoun

S1 + V + more/less + adv + than + S2/N/pronoun

Ex: Her house is more beautiful than mine.

She dances more beautifully than he dances.

c. So sánh nhất:

Tính từ ngắn

S + TOBE + THE + ADJ-EST…

Ex: Mai is the tallest in the class

Tom learns the best in his class.

Tính từ dài

S + TOBE + THE MOST+ ADJ…

S + V + THE MOST + ADJ…

Ex:

She is the most beautiful girl in the class.

Thanh is the most handsome boy in the neighborhood

Một số từ bất quy tắc, chuyển Tính từ -> So sánh nhất

Good -> The best

Bad -> The worst

Much / many -> The most

Little -> The least

Far -> Further

Happy -> the happiest

Simple -> the simplest

Narrow -> the narrowest

Clever -> the cleverest

- Nếu 1 nguyên âm đứng giữa 2 phụ âm thì phụ âm cuối phải gấp đôi trước khi thêm est

(hot-> hottest,…)

Ex1
Adj/Adv So sánh hơn So sánh hơn nhất
fast
dirty
badly
amazing
comfortable
sad
quiet
weak
creatively
little

MỘT SỐ TÍNH TỪ DÙNG ĐƯỢC Ở CẢ 2 DẠNG TÍNH TỪ NGẮN VÀ TÍNH TỪ DÀI

Adjective (Tính từ) Comparative (So sánh hơn) Superlative (So sánh hơn nhất)
clever (thông thái) cleverer cleverest
clever more clever most clever
gentle (nhẹ nhàng) gentler gentlest
gentle more gentle most gentle
Adjective (Tính từ) Comparative (So sánh hơn) Superlative (So sánh hơn nhất)
friendly (thân thiện) friendlier friendliest
friendly more friendly most friendly
quiet (im lặng) quieter quietest
quiet more quiet most quiet
simple simpler simplest
simple more simple most simple

Ex2: so sánh hơn hoặc so sánh nhất

Her daughter is______than her. (clever)

In the past, people were______than today. (happy)

Which house is______, my house or your house? (tall)

What’s ______river in the world. (long)

Ha Noi City is______than Ho Chi Minh City. (small)

This is______book she has ever read. (wonderful)

Jack is singing______than he used to do. (badly)

 Sam is______in his family. (young)

China is far______than the UK. (large)

That flight ticket is______of all. (expensive)

Ex3: Rewrite

His old house is smaller than his new one.

=>(bigger) ____________________________________ .

Lisa is the fastest typist in her team.

=>(faster) ____________________________________ .

No player plays football as well as Ronaldo.

=>(best) ____________________________________ .

The red skirt is more expensive than the black skirt.

=>(cheaper) ____________________________________ .

This machine works better than that one.

=>(worse) ____________________________________ .

In my opinion, Maths is more difficult than English.

=>(easier) ____________________________________ .

Tim works harder than anyone in his class.

=>(hardest) ____________________________________ .

The company’s revenue in June is higher compared to the past 3 months.

=>(lower) ____________________________________ .

There is no better teacher in my school than Mrs.Hien.

=>(best) ____________________________________ .

This is the fastest motorbike I’ve ever driven.

=>(faster) ____________________________________ .

1. Today is hotter than yesterday.

➔ Yesterday was __________________________.

2. No one in her team is more beautiful than Salim.

➔ Salim is _______________________________.

3. No house in my city is higher than his house.

➔ His house is ____________________________.

4. Lan is the most intelligent in her class.

➔ No one in her class _______________________.

5. If she reads many science books, she will have much knowledge.

➔ The more__________________________________.

6. If Kien wants to pass the exam easily, he will study harder.

➔ The more easily ________________________________.

7. This house is very beautiful. It’s expensive, too.

➔ The more _____________________________.

8. One of the greatest tennis players in the world is BJ.

➔ BJ is ________________________________.

9. No producers in the world is bigger than KW.

➔ KW is _______________________________.

10. Minh is very intelligent but his brother is the most intelligent in his family.

➔ Minh’s brother is ________________________________________.

Ex4:

1. My brother was earning much less in his previous job than he is now.

=> (more) ____________________________________ .

2. Chicken is cheaper than beef.

=> (more) ____________________________________ .

3. To my knowledge, speaking English is easier than listening to conversations in English.

=> (harder) __________________________________ .

4. This is the most delicious lunch she’s even had.

=> (more) ____________________________________ .

5. There is no better doctor in this hospital than Mr.Long.

=> (best) _________________________________ .

6. This is the fastest moving car I’ve ever driven.

=> (faster) _________________________________ .

7. There isn’t anywhere as old as this castle.

=> (oldest) _______________________________ .

8. Have you got any bigger shirt than that one?

=> (biggest) _____________________________ .

9. I am not taller than anyone in the class.

=> (lowest) ____________________________ .

10. The company’s revenue in May is the highest compared to the previous months.

=> (lower) _____________________________ .

Ex5: more/less/fewer

1. There were fewer criminal cases in my country 3 years ago than now.

__________________________________________________________

2. There are more wealthy people in big cities than in the countryside.

__________________________________________________________

3. Are there more health centres in my city now than ten years ago?

__________________________________________________________

4. People in developed countries spend more money on health care and education than in the underdeveloped
countries.

__________________________________________________________

5. There are less arable land in the city than in the countryside.

_________________________________________________________

Ex6:

1. I (tall) __________________________________ person in my family.

2. Jupiter (big) __________________________________ planet in our solar system.

3. Elephants (large) __________________________________ land animals on earth.

4. We bought (expensive) __________________________________ TV in the store.

5. Which sports do you think (dangerous) __________________________________?

6. My cat (lazy) __________________________________ animal I know.

7. This restaurant serves (good) __________________________________ food in town.

8. I think math (difficult) __________________________________ subject.

9. What (long) __________________________________ word in English that you know?

10. He (strange) __________________________________ man in the story.

11. Last week, I had (bad) __________________________________ time of my life!

12. Which place (hot) __________________________________ place on earth?

13. I think it (funny) __________________________________ show on television.

14. My friend (interesting) __________________________________ person I know.

15. Who (famous) __________________________________ person in your country?

16. Your bag is _____________ (easy) than mine.

17.My mother’s advice is _____________ (useful) for me.

18.The summer this year is _____________ (dry) as ever.

19.It is _____________ (difficult) rule of all

20. This pen writes _____________ (good) than my previous one.

21. This athlete is _____________ (strong) than his competitor.

22. This pupil is _____________ (clever) in the class.

23. This is _____________ (old) castle in Britain.

24. Health is _____________ (important) than money.

25. This path is _____________ (narrow) than the parallel one.

26. This actor is _____________ (famous) actor from Spain.

27. Kenyans are _____________ (good) sprinters.

28. Luxurious hotels are _____________ (expensive) than those of economic class.

29. My _____________ (old) sister is afraid of mice.

30. Saturn is _____________ 2nd _____________ (large) planet in our solar system.

31. We have _____________ (much) homework today than we had yesterday.

32. If you need any _____________ (far) information, please contact our assistant.

33. The second part of the film is _____________ (boring) than the first one

34. In childhood my aunt was _____________ (thin), but now she is rather fat.

35. This highway is _____________ (wide) than that highway.

֍ Câu hỏi đuôi

UNIT 1
֍ Used to: đã từng có thói quen làm gì trong quá khứ
Cách dùng: dùng để nói về một thói quen, hành động, sự kiện hoặc trạng thái đã từng xảy ra trong quá khứ và không
còn xảy ra trong hiện tại nữa.
Ex: I used to go swimming everyday.
She used not to drink that much coffee.
S + USED (NOT) TO + V
S + DID NOT + USE TO + V
DID S + USE TO + V?
Khi trong câu không có did ta dùng used to
Khi trong câu có did ta dùng use to
Đặc biệt lưu ý:

BE + USED TO + V-ING:
(-)

(?)
Ex:
He is used to working late.
GET USED TO + V-ING
Ex:
He is talkative, you will get used to it.
I get used to cooking myself.
=> Be used to và get used to đều được dùng ở tất cả các thì, chia động từ phù hợp cho từng thì
Ex:
1. You will soon get used to living alone.
2. When we lived in Bangkok, we were used to hot weather.
3. I have been getting used to snakes for a long time.
USED TO BE USED TO GET USED TO

Ex1:
1. I like it now, but I ____.
A.didn’t use to
B.didn’t used to
2. Zemo find it hard _____ to the dark evenings in winter.
A.used
B.get used
C.to get used
3. It took Anna a while to get used to ____ on a continental keyboard.
A.type
B.typing
4. I _____ to being spoken to like that!
am not used
A.don’t get used
B.used
6. I ____ play football on Fridays when I was at school.
A.was used to
B.used to
7. Before Mandy started cycling, she _____ go to work by bus.
A.used to
B.got used to
8. They haven’t studied for ages and they are finding it hard to get used to _____ every day.
A.study
B.studied
C.studying
9. I couldn’t _____ used to the food.
A.because
B.get
5. Andy never _____ behave like that.
A.used
B.used to
10. It’s taking me a long time to ____ speaking Japanese when I moved to Tokyo.
A.used to
B.get used to
Ex2:
1.I ________ (swim) a lot when I was younger.
2.Alain ________ (not eat) vegetables, but now he eats them.
3.________ (they / have) a sports car?
4.That building ________ (be) a cinema, but it’s closed down.
5.We ________ (not like) maths lessons – our teacher was horrible!
6.Where ________ (you / go) to school?
7.Mr. Smith ________ (live) next door to me.
8.I ________ (not enjoy) studying, but I do now.
1.Duong had lots of money but she lost it all when her business failed.
➔__________________________________________________________.
2. My brother likes romantic music now, although he wasn’t keen on it he was
younger.
➔__________________________________________________________.
3. Jin seem to have lost interest in herhobbies.
➔__________________________________________________________.
4. Cuong gave up smoking 5 years ago.
➔__________________________________________________________.
5. My mother lived in Danang when she were young.
➔__________________________________________________________.
6. Quynh was my best friend, but we aren’t friends any more.
➔__________________________________________________________.
7. When Hungwas young, he was a national football champion.
➔__________________________________________________________.
1. My father usually stayed up late to watch soccer matches last year, but now he doesn’t.
→ My father used___________________________________.
2. There were some old trees in the field, but now there aren’t any.
→ There used ______________________________________.
3. Sonia doesn’t live with her parents.
→ Sonia used ______________________________________.
4. William is not a poor man anymore, but now he has become a rich businessman.
→ William used ____________________________________.
5. Rita didn’t often go to the market every Friday.
→ Rita didn’t use ___________________________________.
6. Jenny’s hair now is much shorter than it was in the past.
→ In the past Jenny’s hair used_________________________.
7. Crystal didn’t have time to collect ancient coins as when he was in primary school.
→ Crystal used _____________________________________.
8. Did you often go to the beach when you lived in Miami?
→ Did you use______________________________________.
9. Mrs. Whiteney often went to work by car or taxi, but now he goes to work on bicycle.
→ Mrs. Whiteney ___________________________________.
10. Charlotte ate a lot of candy when she was a child.
→ Charlotte________________________________________.

֍ 1 hành động chen ngang 1 hành động đang xảy ra

When + Quá khứ đơn, Quá khứ tiếp diễn

While + Quá khứ tiếp diễn, Quá khứ đơn
Ex: When the telephone rang, I was taking a bath.
֍ Diễn tả 2 hành động xảy ra liên tiếp
 When + Quá khứ đơn, Quá khứ đơn
Ex: When she received my text, she called me.
֍ 2 hành động xảy ra song song và cùng lúc
While + quá khứ tiếp diễn, quá khứ tiếp diễn

She met him while she _______ (travel) on a train.

While the woman was getting off the bus, she _______ (fall down).
The thief ________ (break) into while we were sleeping.
Lan took a photo while I ________ (not/look).
While my mum was working in the garden, she ________ (hurt) her back.
We were living in Hanoi when our old aunt _______ (die).
When I got up this morning, it___________ (rain) heavily.
While my dad was brushing teeth, my mum ________ (fall asleep).
I saw a nightmare while I _______ (sleep) last night.
What happened in your dream while a monster ________ (chase) you?
He _______ (study) Chemistry when my friends _______ (come) around.
While Hoa _______ (walk) in the street, she ______ (meet) her ex.
Her baby ________ (wake) up while she ______(wash) the dish.
He________(work) when her wife _______ (phone) him.
The students ________ (have) a test when the storm _______ (start).
Mrs Brown ….………………(not/walk) in the garden when the murder happened.
Mr Black ….………………(not/work) in his study when the murder happened.
Miss Jones ….………………(not/talk) to Mr. White when the murder happened.
You ….………………(not/play) cards when the murder happened.
Dr Ford ….………………(not/read) in his room when the murder happened.
Mr. and Mrs. Green ….………………(not/eat) in the dining room when the murder happened.
Mr Blue ….………………(not/drink) coffee in the library when the murder happened.
The maid ….………………(not/clean) the bedrooms when the murder happened.
I ….………………(not/listen) to music when the murder happened.
The dogs ….………………(not/play) outside when the murder happened.
I first met my future husband (when/while) ………….. I was staying in Ho Chi Minh City.
(when/while) ………….. I was talking to my uncle on the phone, my mom came home.
We were playing cards (when/while) …………. the lights went off.
(when/while) ………….. John was working, he often listened to music.
(when/while) ………….. I was in my hometown, power cuts were very frequent.
He called me (when/while) ………….. I was taking a shower in the bathroom.
Crystal was very unhappy (when/while) ………….. things weren’t going well for her.
֍ Adj-ed và Adj-ing

-ing -ed
Exciting Excited
Tiring Tired
Suprising Suprised
Disappointing Disappointed
Amusing Amused Vui
Annoying Annoyed Phiền
Entertaining Entertained
Charming Charmed Duyên dáng
Frightening Frightened Sợ, khùng hoảng
Worrying Worried
Make sb adj-ed: khiến ai đó như thế Find sth adj-ing: cảm thấy cái gì như
nào thế nào
Ex:
The movie was __________ (boring / bored) that I fell asleep halfway through.
I felt __________ (exhausted / exhausting) after running a marathon.
The magician's tricks were __________ (amazing / amazed) and kept the audience entertained.
She was __________ (interested / interesting) in the book, unable to put it down.
 The roller coaster ride was __________ (thrilling / thrilled) and made my heart race.
The professor's lecture was __________ (bored / boring) and most of the students struggled to stay awake.
The view from the mountaintop was __________ (breathtaking / breathtaked) and left us in awe.
The loud noise was __________ (annoying / annoyed) and made it difficult to concentrate.
I was __________ (surprised / surprising) to see my best friend at the party; I didn't expect them to be there.
The challenging puzzle was __________ (puzzling / puzzled) and required careful thought to solve.

֍ Giới từ thời gian

֍ So…that/ Such…that (quá đến nổi mà)

S + be + so + adj + that + S + V

Ex: The food is so hot that we couldn’t eat it right now

- Ngoài ra so còn đi sau các động từ tri giác như: seem, look, feel, taste, sound, smell,..
Ex: I feel so hungry that I decided to order a big hamburger.

S + V(thường) + so + adv + that + S + V

Ex: He drove so quickly that no one could caught him up.
Các trường hợp ngoại lệ của trạng từ
Tính từ Trạng từ
Fast Fast
Hard Hard
Late Late
Good Well
Fair Fair
Cheap Cheap
Early Early

S + V + so + many/few/much/few + danh từ + that + S + V

Ex: She has so many hats that she spends much time choosing the suitable one

Danh từ đếm được Danh từ không đếm được

Phân biệt little, a little, few, a few

Loại danh từ Tích cực Tiêu cực

Danh từ đếm được
Danh từ không đếm được

- Cấu trúc khác

S + V + so + adj + a + noun (đếm được số ít) + that + S + V
Ex: It was so big a house that all of us could stay in it. (it sẽ được bỏ đi)
She has so good a computer that she has used it for 6 years without any errors in it.

- Cấu trúc đảo: nhằm nhấn mạnh ý định của người nói, đặc điểm của sự vật, sự việc

So + adj + be + S + that + S + V

Ex: So beautiful is the car that everybody wants to buy it.

So + adv + trợ động từ + S + V + O

Ex: So carelessly did she drive that there were many accidents last night.

S + V + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + S + V

Lưu ý: Đối với các danh từ số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng a/an
Ex: This is such difficult homework that it took me much time to finish it.
The girl is so beautiful that everyone likes her.
Quy tắc:
- Trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of
VD: He bought many books. He didn’t know where to put them
-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn’t know where to put them.
- Cấu trúc such đảo ngữ
Such + be + a/an + adj + N + that + S + V + O hoặc Such + a/an + adj + N + be + S + that + S + V + O
Ex: Such is a pretty boy that every girl falls in love with him
Hoặc Such a pretty boy is he that every girl falls in love with him
Ex:
1. I spend ................ much money that I can't save any.
2. Jimmy and Ken are ... …………..alike that I can't tell one from another.
3. Shames is ………….. a nice dog that he never barks.
4. Those are ………………. great pictures that I never want to throw them away.
5. I am …………….. bored that I just want to sleep.
6. Our neighbors are …………….. kind that they let us borrow their lawn mower.
7. My back aches ……………….. badly that I can't lift anything anymore.
8. Hawaii has ……………….. amazing beaches that everyone wants to live there.

Exercise 2:
1. It was ……………... dark that I couldn't see her face.
2. The day was ........................ hot that everybody went to the beach.
3. Most TV programmes are ………………... boring that nobody watches them.
4. We had ………………….... horrible day that we felt depressed.
5. I'm having ……………….. a wonderful time in Taghit that I don't want to go home.
6. This test was …………………... easy that I didn't need to check my answers.
7. The party was …………………. well organized that everybody had a great time.
8. We had .......................... long and tiring trip that we just wanted to go home.
9. He has …………………... beautiful voice that he should try to become a professional singer.
Ex: Biến đổi câu so thành such và ngược lại
1. You have such a big and comfortable house!
-> Your house is............................................................................
2. Her Swiss watch is so unique and expensive.
-> She has such...............................................................................
3. She had such a busy preparation for her wedding.
-> The preparation for her wedding is .......
4. Your room is so untidy and not cozy.
-> You have such.......
5. It was such an obvious decision for you.
-> The decision for you is .......
6. The exam was hard. I'm sure I won't pass.
-> .It is such.............................................................................................
7. It was very cold. We had to stop the game.
-> .It is so..............................................................................................
8. He is terribly rich. He can afford to buy almost anything.
-> He is so................................................................................................
9. The speech was really long. Everybody was bored.
-> It is such................................................................................................
10. I'm having a wonderful time. I don't want to leave.
-> .It is such...............................................................................................
1. The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
⇒ It is .........................................................................................................
2. The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
⇒ He is .......................................................................................................
3. The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
⇒ It is ...........................................................................................................
4. The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
⇒ They are....................................................................................................
5. The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
⇒ It was........................................................................................................
6. The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
⇒ It was...........................................................................................
7. There is so much rain that we can't go out.
⇒ There is such...............................................................................
8. The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
⇒ He is ............................................................................................
9. The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
⇒ It is .............................................................................................
10. The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
⇒ It was...........................................................................................
That woman is very tall. She can almost touch the ceiling.
=> The woman
The food was so good that they ate all of it.
=> It was
It was such an expensive car that nobody can buy it.
=> The car
The coffee is so strong. Lee can’t go to sleep.
=> The coffee
My wife was very busy. She couldn’t do the housework.
=> My wife
The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was
The shirt is very big. He can’t wear it.
=> The shirt
My grandmother was too weak to get up.
=> My grandmother
My garden is very large. It can hold 50 people.
=> My garden
This living room is too dark for her to study.
=> This living room
Ex: đảo ngữ
1.My students are so smart that they can solve all the questions.
So ________________
2. We arrived so late that we couldn’t eat dinner.
So ________________
3It was such good food that we ate all of it.
Such ______________
֍ Enough to: đủ để làm gì
S + TOBE + ADJ + ENOUGH ( for somebody) TO + V
Example: She is old enough to drive.
S + V + ENOUGH + NOUN (for somebody) + to V
Example: She has enough Money to buy car.
Quy tắc
- Nếu trước tính từ có very, so, quite, extremely, many, much, a lot of, lots of thì khi chuyển câu phải bỏ
He is very intelligent enough to do it (Sai)
He is intelligent enough to do it. (Đúng)
- Nếu 2 câu cùng chủ thì khi chuyển câu không cần “for sb”
- Nếu chủ ngữ và “it” là một thì khi chuyển câu phải bỏ
The water is warm enough to drink it (Sai)
The water is warm enough to drink (Đúng)
Ex1:
1. The moon is very bright. We can play outdoors.

2. I have enough money. I can pay this bill.

3. My sister is old. She can drive a car.

4. The weather was fine. We could go camping.

5. This coat isn’t rich. I don’t wear it in winter.

6. Robinson isn’t rich. He can’t buy a house.

7. He wasn’t very experienced. He couldn't do the job.

1. The book is small. I can put it in my pocket.

2. The boy is tall. He can reach the top shelf.

3. Those shoes are large. You can wear them

Ex2:

1.The water is quite cold. I can’t drink it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Homework is very easy. I can do it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Tom is tall. He is the tallest in his class

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. He is rich. He can buy the car

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. I don’t have much money. I can’t buy this dress

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.She’s not old. She can’t get married yet.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. This coat isn’t strong. I can’t wear it in winter.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. That chair isn’t strong. We can’t stand on that chair.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Are you very tall? Can you reach the top shelf?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. It’s not warm today. We can’t go outside.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. I’m not strong. I can’t lift this box.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Tom doesn’t have money. He can’t pay his bills.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. This bed isn’t wide. Two people can’t sleep in the bed.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 14. The water wasn’t clean. We couldn’t swim in it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. He wasn’t experienced. He can’t do that job.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. I don’t have money. I can’t lend you some.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. He is hungry. He can eat 3 sandwiches.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18.Peter isn’t tired. He can’t stay at home alone.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. This seat isn’t wide. We can’t sit on it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. Susan isn’t old. She can’t stay at home alone.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. That box is light. She can lift it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

22. I didn’t have time. I can eat breakfast this morning.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

23. This shirt is big. He can wear it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

24. Mary doesn’t have money. She can’t buy a new bicycle.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

25. It’s warm tonight. We can go out.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

֍ Too…to
S + TOBE + TOO+ ADJ + ( for somebody) TO + V
- B1: Đổi động từ khẳng định <=> động từ phủ định
- B2: Đổi thành từ trái nghĩa của tính từ ( young#old, tall#short, long#short, beautiful#ugly, easy#dificult,
cheap#expensive,….)
Ex: Nghi is too young to drive => Nghi isn’t old enough to drive.
Ex1: too…to/enough to
1. She is clever _______________ to pass the test.
2. The skirt is _______________ long for you.
 3. Kate is _______________ young to drive a car
4. There is _______________ meat in the fridge for the whole week.
5. I didn’t work hard _______________ to pass the exam.
6. We can’t buy the car because it is _______________ expensive
7. He can’t sleep because he drinks _______________ much coffee.
8. Are you tall _______________ to reach that shelf?
I left the coffee for a minute to cool because it was ………. hot to drink.
He wasn’t strong ……. to lift that heavy box.
There aren’t ……….. policemen in our town.
Do you have …………. information to help me with this problem?
It is …………. difficult to do for a little child.
I do not have ………….. much time to prepare dinner.
I didn’t buy the car because it was ………. expensive.
He didn’t work hard ………. to pass the exam.
My mum can’t sleep because she drinks ………. much coffee.
She isn’t old ………… to start driving.
Ex2: Chiển câu i
1. I’m very tired. I can’t drive
___________________________________
2. The coffee is hot. I can’t drink it
____________________________________
3. The weather isn’t good. We can’t go out
____________________________________
4. The man isn’t strong. He can’t lift the heavy weight.
____________________________________
5. Laura is very ill. She can’t work.
____________________________________
֍ Câu mơ ước (wish) –“Lùi thì”
- Câu ước wish tương lai: được sử dụng trong trường hợp người nói muốn thể hiện sự bực tức, khó chịu và không
thể kiên nhẫn trước một sự việc ở hiện tại và hy vọng rằng điều đó sẽ thay đổi.

S WISH(ES) (THAT) + S WOULD/COULD + V

- Câu ước hiện tại: thể hiện điều ước, mong muốn trái ngược với hiện tại (tương tự với câu điều kiện loại 2)

S + WISH(ES) + (THAT)+ S + V2/ED

- Câu ước quá khứ: thể hiện những ước muốn trái ngược với sự thật ở trong quá khứ (tương tự với cách dùng câu
điều kiện loại 3).
S + WISH(ES) + (THAT) + S + HAD + V3/ED
Ngoài ra
I wish = If only (Giá như): I wish Mai loved me = If only Mai loved me.
1. I don't know more people.
I wish............................................................................................................................
2. I don't have a key.
I wish.............................................................................................................................
3. Ann isn't here.
I wish............................................................................................................................
4. It is cold .
I wish............................................................................................................................
5. I live in a big city (I don't like it).
I wish............................................................................................................................
6. I can't go to the party (and I like it).
I wish............................................................................................................................
7. I have to work tomorrow (I like to stay in bed).
I wish............................................................................................................................
8. I don't get good marks.
I wish............................................................................................................................
9. I'm not lying on a beautiful sunny beach.
I wish............................................................................................................................
2. It’s a pity you can’t swim. (wish)
_____________________________________________________.
3. You don’t like it when Jack leaves the door open. (wish)
_____________________________________________________.
4. You have to work tomorrow but you’d like to stay in bed. (if only)
_____________________________________________________.
5. You would like people to stop fighting. (if only)
_____________________________________________________.
6. You’re sorry you didn’t bring your camera. (wish)
_____________________________________________________.
7. It’s a pity you didn’t work harder during the term. (wish)
_____________________________________________________.
8. You’re sorry you didn’t get a ticket for the concert. (if only)
___________________________________________________
UNIT 2
֍ Câu bị động
S + BE + V3/VED + (BY….)

Ex0:
7. They don’t help me.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………..
8. You do not write the essay.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………..
9. Does that man rob the bank?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………..
10. Does your dad pick you up?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………..
Ex1:
1. They started a dancing class last week.
……………………………………………
2. Mr. Smith saw the accident.
……………………………………………
3. Somebody has taken my briefcase.
……………………………………………
4. The teacher returned our written work to us.
……………………………………………
5. She has finished the report by noon.
……………………………………………
6. The mad dog bit the little boy.
……………………………………………
7. The police have arrested five suspects.
……………………………………………
1. She opens the book.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She buys a lot of alcohol.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. They set the table.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I take a photo.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. We wear blue skirts.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. He doesn’t buy the cooker.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. The doctor ordered him to take a long rest.
……………………………………………
9. They started a dancing class last week.
……………………………………………
10. Mr. Smith saw the accident.
……………………………………………
11. Somebody has taken my briefcase.
……………………………………………
12. The teacher returned our written work to us.
……………………………………………
13. She has finished the report by noon.
……………………………………………
14. The mad dog bit the little boy.
……………………………………………
15. The police have arrested five suspects.
……………………………………………
16. The doctor ordered him to take o long rest.
……………………………………………
17. They are sweeping the streets.
…………………………………………
18. The mailman had already delivered the mail.
……………………………………………
19. He used to borrow my pen.
……………………………………………
20. He had to finish his work on time.
……………………………………………
39. She left her relatives five million pounds.
…………………………………………
40. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
…………………………………………
41. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
…………………………………………
1. My mother has bought this bouquet of flower in that shop.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Jane has found her wallet.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Our team has finished the report.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I have finished my exercise for two days.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. We have heard the news already.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The employee has signed the contract.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. These boys have bought five concert tickets.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. His brother has studied computer science since April.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. My parents have taken care of my cat well.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
42. Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family?
…………………………………………
43. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.
…………………………………………
44. He hides the broken cup in the drawer.
…………………………………………
45. They keep this room tidy all the time.
…………………………………………
46. They all voted the party a great success.
……………………………………………………………
1. We were eating a bowl of Pho.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She was writing a letter for her pen pal.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. He was not playing chess in his room at 9 o’clock yesterday evening.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Mr. Tai was watching the television.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. We were cleaning the floor when Ann called.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. My brother had not washed the dishes.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I had won an international letter-writing contest.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Mary had done her exercise by 5 p.m.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The boys had not finished the report before going to school.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. They had seen this film before I called.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. After I had painted the wall, I went to a cinema.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Thousands of foreign travellers will visit the Phong Nha cave this holiday.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. His boss will hold a meeting.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Will you fix the computer for me?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. We will show the new camera.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Tom won’t invite John to the party.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. They will never ask him.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. We'll make hotel reservations tomorrow.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Our company is going to serve pizzas at lunch time.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. He is going to make the bread in an hour.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Johnny and Ted are going to decorate the classroom this Christmas.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. We are going to pay the electricity bill next week.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. He is going to launch an environment campaign tomorrow morning.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Peter will have repaired his phone next week. (A)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. We will have eaten the chicken by 7 o’clock. (A)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. We will have visited Rome by the end of this year. (A)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Students will have finished this exercise by 4:00 p.m. (A)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Nothing can change my mind.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. We can't make coffee with cold water.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Must pupils finish the exercise before five?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. How could the thieves open this safe?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Staff mustn't use this machine after 6:30 p.m.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Somebody cleans the room every day.
The room ............................................
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
All flights ............................................
3. People don't use this road very often.
This road ............................................
4. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
I ............................................
5. How do people learn languages?
How ............................................
6. People warned us not to go out alone.
We ............................................
7. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.
The computer ............................................
8. I didn't realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
I didn't ............................................
9. We found that they had cancelled the game.
We found ............................................
10. They are building a new highway around the city.
A new highway ............................................
1. Do they teach English here?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Has Tom finished the work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Did the teacher give some exercises?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Have they changed the window of the laboratory?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Is she going to write a poem?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Is she making big cakes for the party?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Are the police making inquiries about the thief?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Must we finish the test before ten?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Will buses bring the children home?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
……………………………………………………………………………
7. He lends his friend his new shoes.
……………………………………………………………………………
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
……………………………………………………………………………
9. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
……………………………………………………………………………
10. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
……………………………………………………………………
1. They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.
……………………………………………………………………………
֍ Bị động dạng nhờ vả
HAVE SB + V (CÓ AI ĐÓ LÀM GÌ CHO MÌNH)
HAVE STH + V3/VED (CÓ CÁI GÌ ĐÓ ĐƯỢC LÀM BỞI NGƯỜI NÀO ĐÓ)

GET SB + TO V
GET STH + V3/VED
Ex1:
1. We have the cleaner clean our bedroom.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. She got the mechanic to fix her brakes.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. They have the Math teacher explain this lesson.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. He has his wife look after the children.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. We got the waitress to bring some coffee.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The doctor had the nurse take care of the patients.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. I got the tailor to design my dress.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. He had the window cleaner wash his windows.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. The teacher gets the students to decorate the classroom.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. We have the Italian restaurant deliver the pizza.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Bị động của câu mệnh lệnh
TH1:
Công thức ở dạng chủ động: V + O!
⟶ Công thức ở dạng bị động: Let + O + be + V(p2)
Ví dụ:
Turn off the television!
➤ Let the television be turned off!
(Hãy để ti vi được tắt đi!)
TH2:
Công thức ở dạng chủ động: It’s one’s duty to + V-inf
⟶ Công thức ở dạng bị động: S + to be + supposed to+V inf
Ví dụ:
It's the students’ duty to finish their homework.
(Hoàn thành bài tập về nhà là nhiệm vụ của các học sinh.)
➤ Students are supposed to finish their homework.
(Các học sinh cần phải hoàn thành bài tập về nhà.)
TH3:
Công thức ở dạng chủ động: It’s necessary to + V-inf
⟶ Công thức ở dạng bị động: S + should/ must + be +P2
Ví dụ:
It's necessary to plant more trees.
( Trồng nhiều cây hơn là quan trọng.)
➤ More trees should be planted.
(Nhiều cây hơn cần phải được trồng.)
Ex1:
1. Shut the door!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. It's everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. It's necessary to know about waste sorting.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Tell us the truth!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Clean your room!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. It's necessary to learn English nowadays.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Repair the bike!
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Learn this lesson by heart.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. It's your duty to pick your little brother up at school.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. It's my sister's duty to sweep the floor every day.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
֍ Biến đổi từ quá khứ sang hiện tại hoàn thành
Dạng 1: Lần cúi tui làm gì đó => Tui chưa làm cái đó trong 1 khoảng thời gian rùi

S + (last) + V2/Ved + when clause/ (time) ago.

=> S + have/has + (not) + V3/Ved + since clause/ for (time).
Ex:
1. I last played piano when i was 15 years old.
=> I haven’t played piano since i was 15 years old.
2. I started learning English 10 years ago.
=> I have learnt English for 10 years.
Dạng 2: Lần cúi tui làm cái đó Là vào lúc… => Tui chưa làm cái đó trong 1 khoảng thời gian rùi

The last time S + V2/Ved … WAS in time/ time ago.

=> S + have/has + (not) + V3/Ved + since (time )/ for (time).
Ex: The last time I played piano WAS 10 years ago.
=> I haven’t played piano for 10 years.
Dạng 3: Tui bắt đầu làm từ khoảng thời gian…=> Tui đã làm việc đó được …… rùi

S + began/started + toV/Ving in (time)/ (time) ago.

=> S has/have + V3/Ved +..+ since ( time)/ for (time)
Ex:
Nghi began playing piano in 2018.
=> Nghi has played piano since 2018.
Dạng 4: Tui đã làm việc đó khi nào => Tui đã làm việc đó được bao lâu rùi

When + did + S + V…?

=> How long has/have + S + V3/ved…?
Ex:
When did they live here?
=> How long have they lived here?
Dạng 5: Ô mai gót tui chưa từng làm cái đó trước đây => Đây là lần đầu tiên tui làm cái này lun á ní

S + have/ has + not +V3/Ved …. Before

=> This is the first time + S + has/have + V3/Ved… (bỏ before, not)
Ex:
I haven’t seen that man before
=> This is the first time I have seen him.
Ex1:
1.This last time Tom came back to his hometown was 5 years ago.
=> Tom hasn’t………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.He started working as a teacher 6 months ago.
=> He has…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3.It has been 3 years since we first went to Japan.
=> We have………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I last had my hair cut in June.
=> I haven’t………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. The last time we met was 2 years ago.
=> We haven’t……………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. It has been a long time since we last called each other.
=> We haven’t……………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. When did you have 10 scores in Math?
=> How long……………………………………………………………………………………………..?
8. This is the first time I had such an exciting trip
=>I have never………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.I haven’t seen Anna for 10 days.
=> The last………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.Today is Sunday. I haven’t taken a bath since Thursday.
=> It is…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Ex2: Chiển câu i
1.This is the first time he went abroad.
-> He hasn’t………………………………………………………………………………..
2. She started driving 1 month ago.
-> She has………………………………………………………………………………..
3.We began eating when it started to rain.
-> We have………………………………………………………………………………….
4.I last had my hair cut when I left her.
-> I haven’t……………………………………………………………………………………
5.The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
-> She hasn’t…………………………………………………………………………………
6.It is a long time since we last met.
-> We haven’t…………………………………………………………………………………
7.When did you have it?
-> How long……………………………………………………………………………………
8.This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
-> I haven’t…………………………………………………………………………………….
9.I haven’t seen him for 8 days.
-> The last……………………………………………………………………………………
10.I haven’t taken a bath since Monday.
-> It is…………………………………………………………………………………………
Ex3: Diết lại câu
1.John moved into this apartment in 2005. (lived)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.Mai started to wear glasses when she was five. ( since)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.John bought this car two weeks ago. (owned)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.I haven’t seen him for a week. (The last time)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.She started to live in Ha Noi two years ago. (for)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.I have never eaten this kind of food before. (This is)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.I have never seen such a beautiful girl before. (She is)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.This is the best novel I have ever read. (before)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.I last had my hair cut in October. (I haven’t)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.The last time we went together was five months ago. (We haven’t)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11.The last time I went to Singapore was two years ago. (It is / has been)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Ex4:
1/ The last time I cooked was 3 years ago.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2/ When did you bought that bag?
……………………………….
3/ I last saw him 2 days ago.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ I started writing blog 2 months ago
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ She began living in Danang when she was a child.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ It is 5 years since I last visit my grandparents.
-…………………………….
7/ When did you start loving him?
……………………………….
8/ The last time I went to bar was 6 years ago.
……………………………….
9/ It’s years since she wrote to me.
……………………………….
10/ I last took a bath 2 days ago.
………………………………
Ex5: Chiển từ hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn
1/ How long have you been here?
……………………………….
2/ This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful girl.
……………………………….
3/ I haven’t gone to school for 4 months because of covid-19.
……………………………….
……………………………….
……………………………….
4/ I have never visited Halong Bay before.
……………………………….
5/ I haven’t cheated in exam for years.
……………………………….
……………………………….
……………………………….
6/ I have married for 10 years.
……………………………….
7/ How long have she lived in Danang?
 ……………………………….
8/ He hasn’t smoked for 2 years.
……………………………….
……………………………….
……………………………….
9/ I have learnt French for 3 years.
……………………………….
10/ I haven’t met her for 5 days.
……………………………….
……………………………….
……………………………….
֍ Câu chỉ mục đích (để làm gì)
S + V + in order (not) to V
so as (not) to V
(not) to V

S + V + SO THAT + SV

1. My Mom opened the window. She wants to let fresh air in the room. ( so as to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. John has recently studied English very hard. He wants to pass the test in the next examination. (so as to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. I took my digital camera because I wanted to take photos on my first trip. (so that)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. We are going to the canteen. We will have breakfast there. (so as to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. They all put on their coats because they were feeling cold. (so that)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. John will attend an English writing course next month. He wants to improve his English writing skills. (so as to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. She got up early every morning. She didn't want to miss the bus. (so as not)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. My younger brother hides his toys. My mother can't find them. (so that)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. My sister is on a diet. She wants to improve her weight. (so as to)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. They lower the noise. They don't want to bother neighbors. (so as not )
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
1. He opened the window. He wanted to let fresh air in.
...........................................................................................................................................................
2. I took my camera. I wanted to take some photos.
...........................................................................................................................................................
3. He studied really hard. He wanted to get better marks.
...........................................................................................................................................................
4. Jason learns Chinese. His aim is to work in China.
...........................................................................................................................................................
5. I’ve collected money. I will buy a new car.
...........................................................................................................................................................
6. Many people left Turkey in the 1960s. They wanted to find jobs in Germany.
...............................................................................................................................................
7. She attends a course. She wants to learn chess.
...........................................................................................................................................................
8. Linda turned on the lights. She wanted to see better.
...........................................................................................................................................................
9. I will come with you. I want to help you.
...........................................................................................................................................................
10. We are going to the cinema. We will watch a horror film.
...........................................................................................................................................................
11. You must take your umbrella so that you won’t get wet.
...........................................................................................................................................................
12. He waited at the counter. He wanted to see her.
...........................................................................................................................................................
13. We all put on our coats. We were feeling cold.
...........................................................................................................................................................
14. She’s studying because she wants to become a very important person in life.
...........................................................................................................................................................
15. I didn’t want to see them, so I didn’t open the door.
.......................................................................................................................................
֍ Before/ After + N/Ving
UNIT 3
֍ Giới từ thời gian
In On At From For By
-Tháng - Các ngày trong - Đứng trước một thời - Từ mấy giờ đến - Trong khoảng - Bằng phương
- Năm tuần: on điểm, địa điểm cụ thể mấy giờ thời gian bao lâu tiện
- Buổi: in the Monday, on Ex: We have English From…to (được thấy nhiều Ex: I go to school
morning, in the Tuesday,… class at 2p.m Ex: I have English trong thì hiện tại by bike.
afternoon, in the I live at 638 Nguyen class from 2p.m to hoàn thành) - Trước khoảng
evening (trừ at - Ngày tháng cụ Van Qua street. 4p.m Ex: I have studied thời gian cụ thể.
night) thể: - Đứng trước các ngày piano for 3 Ex: She often
- mùa: in summer ON + NGÀY + lễ: at Christmas, at months. goes to work by 7
- Trong khoảng THÁNG: On Easter,.. a.m.
thời gian bao lâu: 23rd September - Bởi ai đó (được
I cook dinner in ON + NGÀY + dùng trong câu bị
30 minutes. MỘT BUỔI động)
TRONG NGÀY:
On Monday
morning
- đứng trước một
ngày đặc biệt: on
my birthday, on
holiday, on Tet,
on Christmas
Day, on
Monday Easter

Ex:
1. Let’s meet _____ Tuesday.
2. Let’s meet ______ two hours.
3. I saw him ______ 3:00 PM.
4. Do you want to go there ________ the morning?
5. Let’s do it _______ the weekend.
6. I can’t work _______ night.
7. I’ll be there _______ 10 minutes.
8. Let’s meet at the park _______ noon.
9. I saw her ________ my birthday.
10. I like going to the beach _______ the summer.
11. I’ll see you _________ next week.
12. He was born __________ 1991.
13. Did you see her _________ today.
14. It starts ________ tomorrow.
15. It was sunny ________ my birthday.
16. The bus collected us ________ 5 o’clock early ________ the morning.
17. What’s on the TV __________ midnight.
18. The factory closed _________ June.
19. _________ the winter, it usually snows.
20. ________ Friday, she spoke to me.
21. What are you doing _________ the weekend.
22. They saw that car_________ half past ten.
23. The anniversary is __________ May 10th.
24. Where did you go _________ last summer.
25. The movie starts _________ 20 minutes.
26. _________ the moment, I’m busy.
27. They were very popular __________ the 1980s.
28. My appointment is __________ Thursday morning.
29. We had the meeting _________ last week.
30. Are you staying at home ________ Christmas Day.
31. I was born ________ September 15th
32. _________ 8 o’clock, I must leave.
33. I have English classes ______ Tuesdays.
34. Where were you ________Monday evening?
35. The children like to go to the park ________ the morning.
36. Henry’s birthday is ___________ November.
37. Miss White gets up early, She has breakfast________6.00, then she goes to work________half past six
38. Justin Bieber was born __________ March 1, 1994.
39. Leaves turn red, gold and brown _________ autumn.
40. My friends like to go the movies __________ Saturdays.
41. The pilgrims arrived in America _______ 1620.
42. My sister likes to watch TV ___________ the evening.
43. _______Tuesday morning, there is a meeting_______8.00
44. I like to watch the parade ___________ Independence Day.
45. Hippies protested against the war _________ the 1960s.
46. We finished the marathon ________ the same time.
47. I have no time _____ the moment.
48. I shall see her _____ the beginning of the week.
49. Goodbye! See you _____ Monday.
50. We are going to the theatre_____ this evening
Ex:
1. I arrive at work _____ nine o’clock.
A. at B. in C. to D. for
2. April comes _____ March.
A. after B. before C. during D. with
3. I get up ____ seven o’clock every morning.
A. till B. in C. for D. at
4. I had only a sandwich_______ lunch.
A. for B. to C. at D. by
5. They will come here ______11:30 AM.
A. between B. at C. for D. in
6. She has come here _____ yesterday.
A. since B. for C. on D. X
7. There is a meeting_____9:00 AM and 2:00 PM.
A. till B. at C. on D. between
8. He was born_____15th, January.
A. on B. at C. in D. of
9. We have lived in Hanoi_____ 4 years.
A. since B. for C. at D. in
10. We will be there _____ 5:00 o’clock early_____ the morning.
A. on / in B. at / in C. in /on D. in / at
֍ Because -> So
Because Jane was too tired, she will have a long trip.
……………………………………………………………………………..
2. Because Henry passed the exam, his parents will buy a laptop for him.
………………………………………………………………………………
3. Because the house is dirty, I can’t feel comfortable.
……………………………………………………………………………….
4. Because it’s hot, my family will travel to the beach this weekend.
………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Because I got a mark of 10 on the English exam, my parents are very happy today.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
 6. Because Henry is a good student, he is the first in his class.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Because there was heavy rain, Jane and Tom stayed at home.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Because Jenny acted very badly, her classmate doesn't like her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Because that problem is difficult, Tommy can't understand.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Because my mother worked hard, she earns so much money.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
The train was delayed because there was a thick fog.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
2. Because of his honesty, he gains everyone’s trust.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
3. The cake was delicious because she followed the recipe carefully.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
4. She was absent from school because her mother was sick.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
5. Because of her dedication to education, she earned a scholarship.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
6. Because she saved money, she could afford the trip.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
7. We couldn’t study because some classmates were noisy in class.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
8. Mary can’t sleep because of her husband’s loud snoring.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………
9. All the teachers love him because his academic performance and conduct are good.
=> Because of ……………………………………………………………………
10. He was praised at work because of his innovative ideas.
=> Because ……………………………………………………………………

UNIT 4
֍ Câu điều kiện loại 1

- Định nghĩa: Dùng để nói về 1 tình huống có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại, kết quả ở tương lai

Vd:

If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus. => Có thể thay đổi một là nhanh lên để k lỡ xe bus, 2 là chậm chạp và bỏ lỡ
xe bus.
Mệnh đề điều kiện (Nếu) Mệnh đề chính (Thì)
IF + S + V S + WILL (MIGHT/ MAY/SHOULD/MUST/CAN/HAVE
TO/OUGHT TO) + V
(Hiện tại đơn)
(Tương lai đơn)

VD:

1. If I get up early, I will go to work on time.

2. If you need a glass of water, I can get you one.

3. If you don't do your homework, you will be penalized by the teacher.

4. If he calls you, you should go.

 Ở một số trường hợp, cấu trúc điều kiện loại 1 chấp nhận thì hiện tại đơn ở cả 2 mệnh đề

Vd:

1. If you want to play soccer, please play with me.

2. If Alex calls me, answer it.

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 PHỦ ĐỊNH

Mệnh đề điều kiện (Nếu) Mệnh đề chính (Thì)
IF + S + tobe not/don’t/doesn’t + V S + WILL (MIGHT/ MAY/SHOULD/MUST/CAN/HAVE
TO/OUGHT TO) + V
(Hiện tại đơn)
(Tương lai đơn)
Unless (=If not) + S + V S + WILL (MIGHT/ MAY/SHOULD/MUST/CAN/HAVE
TO/OUGHT TO) + V
(Hiện tại đơn)
(Tương lai đơn)

Vd:

1. Unless we pass the driving test, we can not have driving license.

2. Please don’t call me unless you have an urgent problem.

3. You will be seriously ill unless you stop smoking.

ĐẢO NGỮ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1:

Mệnh đề điều kiện (Nếu) Mệnh đề chính (Thì)
SHOULD + S + (NOT) + BE S + WILL (MIGHT/ MAY/SHOULD/MUST/CAN/HAVE
TO/OUGHT TO) + V
SHOULD + S + (NOT) + V
(Tương lai đơn)
(Hiện tại đơn)

Vd:

1. If you are regularly late to work, you won’t get a bonus this month.

= Should you be regularly late to work, you won’t get a bonus this month.

2. If the children are fine, their parents will be happy.

= Should the children be fine, their parents will be happy.

3. If you go to work late regularly, you won’t get a bonus this month.

= Should you go to work late regularly, you won’t get a bonus this month.

4. If the children feel happy, their parents will be satisfied.

= Should the children feel happy, their parents will be satisfied

Ex3:
1. If you don’t cook dinner, you will be hungry tonight.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. I will feel bored if Lily and Aike don't come to the party with me.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. We won’t invite them if they don't apologize.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. The baby will cry louder if his mom doesn't give him some toys.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. If Keiko doesn’t promise to get home early, her father will get angry.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. If we don’t prepare a map, we will be lost soon.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. If Mary doesn’t save enough money, she won’t buy that house.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. You can’t get a handsome salary if you don’t have an IELTS degree.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. If you don’t eat less, you can’t avoid weight gain.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. If he doesn’t learn English, he can’t transcript those English books.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Ex4:

1. If they don’t practise a lot, they will lose the game.

Unless ___________________________________________________.

2. I’ll miss the train if I don’t go now.

________________________________________________________.

3. If she doesn’t answer the phone, leave her a message.

_________________________________________________________.

4. If you don’t pay the bill, I’ll call the police.

_________________________________________________________.
5. If he doesn’t work hard, he won’t pass the examination.

_________________________________________________________.

Ex7:

1) I’ll call the teacher if you don’t leave me alone.

Unless………………………………………..

2) When you ask me for the car, I will lend it to you.

Unless……………………………………………

3) Don’t go out in the rain because you will get wet.

If you…………………………………………….

4) Walk faster or you will miss the bus.

If you…………………………………………..

5) I won’t enjoy the film if you aren’t with me.

Unless………………………………………………

6) You must leave home early or you will miss the flight

If you…………………………………………………………

7) John will pass the driving exam if he isn’t nervous

Unless……………………………………………………..

8) They will go on holiday if they have time.

Unless………………………………………………….

9) You have to get up early or you will be late for school.

If you…………………………………………………..

10) He will take a taxi if it rains.

Unless………………………………………………….

1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there

→ She’d ……………………………………………………………….

2. I can’t live in the country because I can’t find a job there

→ I’d ………………………………………………………………..

3. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert

→ If I ………………………………………………………………...
4. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.

→ If the children ………………………………………………………..

5. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

→ If they …………………………………………………………….

6. He sits around too much. He isn’t fit.

→ If he ………………………………………………………………

13. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

→ If the flats …..………………………………………………………..

14. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you

→ If I …………………………………………………………………….

15. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children

→ If she ………………………………………………………………….

16. I don’t want them to be upset, so I’ve decided not to tell them what happened.

→ They ……………………………………………………………..

17. I am not tall enough to join the basketball team

→ If I ……………………………………………………………………

21. Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.

→ If you………………………………………………………………….

23. Hurry up, or we will be late for the exam.

→ If we …………………………………………………………………
 UNIT 8
֍ Mệnh đề quan hệ
- Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để bổ sung cho chủ ngữ được nhắc đến trong câu
Vd: She is the girl who is wearing a red dress.
- Quy tắc:
+ That không đi sau dấu phẩy
+ Lượng từ đứng trước mệnh đề quan hệ (both of whom, both of which,…)
Who Thay thế cho chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ (chỉ người)
…..N (person) + WHO + V + O
The person I love the most in this world is my mom who is a dedicated teacher.
Thay thế cho tân ngữ (chỉ người)
Ex:
…..N (person) + WHOM + S + V
Whom 1. She is
Do you know the man who/ whom my dad is talking to? talking about
the author
________book
- Thay thế cho chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ (chi vật) is one of the
….N (thing) + WHICH + V + O best-sellers this
….N (thing) + WHICH + S + V year.
Which A. which B.
I really want to travel to Korea which has a lot of delicious street food. whose C. that
- Thay thế cho cả mệnh đề phía trước D. who
2. He bought
He drived so carelessly, which caused accident.
all the books
Chỉ sở hữu của người và vật __________are
…..N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V …. needed for the
Whose next exam.
Mr. Holland whose son has received a scholarship is very proud.
A. which B.
what C. those
Thay thế cho từ chỉ thời gian D. who

….N (time) + WHEN + S + V

When
When = on/in/at which
Tell me the time when (= at which) we can depart.
Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn
Where Where = in/on/at/form which
Next month I will come back to the place where my mom was born.
Dùng để chỉ lí do
The reason/ for that reason Why SVO
Why
Why = for which
That is the reason why (= for which) the flight was delayed.
Thay thế cho chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ chỉ người hay chỉ vật
* Các trường hợp thường dùng “that”:
- khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất
- khi đi sau các từ: only, the first, the last
- khi danh từ đi trước bao gôm cả người và vật
That - khi đi sau các đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ chỉ số lượng: no one,
nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody,
all, some, any, little, none.
* Các trường hợp không dùng that:
- trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
- sau giới từ
- sau dấu phẩy
3. The children, __________parents are famous teachers, are taught well.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. their
4. Do you know the boy ________we met at the party last week?
A. which B. whose C. who is D. whom
5. The exercises which we are doing ________very easy.
A. is B. has been C. are D. was
6. The man _______next to me kept talking during the film, _______really annoyed me.
A. having sat / that B. sitting / which
C. to sit / what D. sitting / who
7. Was Neil Armstrong the first person ________foot on the moon?
A. set B. setting C. to set D. who was set
8. This is the village in ________my family and I have lived for over 20 years.
A. which B. that C. whom D. where
9. My mother, ________everyone admires, is a famous teacher.
A. where B. whom C. which D. whose
10. The old building __________is in front of my house fell down.
A. of which B. which C. whose D. whom
Ex2
There are eighteen different kinds of penguins ________ live south of the equator.
Thank you very much for the present ________ you sent me.
This is Mrs. Jones, ________ son won the championship last year.
His girlfriend, ________ he trusted absolutely, turned out to be an enemy spy.
The bus crashed into a queue of people, four of ________ were killed.
A man bought in a little girl, ________ hand was cut by flying glass.
Mary, ________ boyfriend didn’t turn up, ended by having lunch with Peter.
He paid me $5 for cleaning ten windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
In prison they fed us on dry bread, most of ________ was moldy.
The chair in ________ I was sitting suddenly collapsed.
Ex3
1. The house has been built in the forest. It doesn’t have electricity.
-> ....
2. Do you know the man? He is coming towards us.
-> ....
3. I sent my parents some postcards. They were not so expensive.
-> ....
4. I come from a city. The city is located by the sea.
-> ....
5. The soup was so delicious. I had it for lunch.
-> ....
I’ve lost the DVD. You gave it to me.
_______________________________________.
Jo has an expensive car. She keeps it in the garage.
_______________________________________.
Who’s that man? He’s looking at us.
_______________________________________.
I opened the cupboard. We keep the glasses there.
_______________________________________.
Who is the boy? You copied his homework.
_______________________________________.
Website designer is a job. It attracts young people.
_______________________________________.
I’ll show you the second-hand bookshop. You can find valuable books in this shop.
_____________________________________________________________.
The police want to know the hotel. Mr. Bush stayed at this hotel two weeks ago.
_____________________________________________________________.
The reasons are basic grammatical ones. I’m scolded by the teacher for these reasons.
_____________________________________________________________.
I have not decided the day. I’ll go to London on that day.
_____________________________________________________________.
The airport is the most modern one. We are going to arrive at this airport.
_____________________________________________________________.
She doesn’t want to speak to the cause. She divorced her husband for this cause
_____________________________________________________________.
The teacher is Mr. Pike. We studied with him last year.
_____________________________________________________________.
The problem has been discussed in class. We are very interested in it.
_____________________________________________________________.
Many diseases are no longer dangerous. People died of them years ago.
_____________________________________________________________.
Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it.
___________________________________________________
1. She is the most intelligent woman. I’ve ever met this woman.
……………………………………………………………………………….
2. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday.
………………………………………………………………………………..
3. These children are orphans. She is taking care of these children.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. The two young men are not good persons. You are acquainted with them.
…………………………………………………………………………...........
5. My father goes swimming every day. You met him this morning.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
6. The man is my father. I respect this man most.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. The man is my father. I respect his opinion most.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Mary and Margaret are twins. You met them yesterday.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
9. I’ll introduce you to the man. His support is necessary for your project.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. The middle-aged man is the director. My father is talking to him.
………………………………………………………………………………………….