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Assignment Unit 2

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Shashank A
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15 views

Assignment Unit 2

Uploaded by

Shashank A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-2

Flywheel
1. Define the terms ‘coefficient of fluctuation of energy’ and ‘coefficient of fluctuation of speed’, in
the case of flywheels. (CO-1 BL-2)
2. What is the function of a flywheel? How does it differ from that of a governor? (CO-1 BL-3)
3. A multi-cylinder engine is to run at a speed of 600 r.p.m. On drawing the turning moment
diagram to a scale of 1 mm = 250 N-m and 1 mm = 3°, the areas above and below the mean
torque line in mm2 are : + 160, – 172, + 168, – 191, + 197, – 162 The speed is to be kept within ±
1% of the mean speed of the engine. Calculate the necessary moment of inertia of the flywheel.
Determine the suitable dimensions of a rectangular flywheel rim if the breadth is twice its
thickness. The density of the cast iron is 7250 kg/m3 and its hoop stress is 6 MPa. Assume that
the rim contributes 92% of the flywheel effect. (CO-1 BL-4)
4. During forward stroke of the piston of the double acting steam engine, the turning moment has
the maximum value of 2000 N-m when the crank makes an angle of 80° with the inner dead
centre. During the backward stroke, the maximum turning moment is 1500 N-m when the crank
makes an angle of 80° with the outer dead centre. The turning moment diagram for the engine
may be assumed for simplicity to be represented by two triangles. If the crank makes 100 r.p.m.
and the radius of gyration of the flywheel is 1.75 m, find the coefficient of fluctuation of energy
and the mass of the flywheel to keep the speed within ± 0.75% of the mean speed. Also
determine the crank angle at which the speed has its minimum and maximum values.
(CO-1 BL-5)
5. A certain machine requires a torque of (5000 + 500 sin θ ) N-m to drive it, where θ is the angle of
rotation of shaft measured from certain datum. The machine is directly coupled to an engine
which produces a torque of (5000 + 600 sin 2θ) N-m. The flywheel and the other rotating parts
attached to the engine has a mass of 500 kg at a radius of gyration of 0.4 m. If the mean speed is
150 r.p.m., find : 1. the fluctuation of energy, 2. the total percentage fluctuation of speed, and 3.
the maximum and minimum angular acceleration of the flywheel and the corresponding shaft
position. (CO-1 BL-5)
Governors
1. Define and explain the following terms relating to governors : 1. Stability, 2. Sensitiveness, 3.
Isochronism, and 4. Hunting. (CO-1 BL-2)
2. State the different types of governors. What is the difference between centrifugal and inertia
type governors ? Why is the former preferred to the latter ? (CO-1 BL-3)
3. In an engine governor of the Porter type, the upper and lower arms are 200 mm and 250 mm
respectively and pivoted on the axis of rotation. The mass of the central load is 15 kg, the mass
of each ball is 2 kg and friction of the sleeve together with the resistance of the operating gear is
equal to a load of 25 N at the sleeve. If the limiting inclinations of the upper arms to the vertical
are 30° and 40°, find, taking friction into account, range of speed of the governor. (CO-1 BL-4)
4. The following particulars refer to a Proell governor with open arms : Length of all arms = 200
mm ; distance of pivot of arms from the axis of rotation = 40 mm ; length of extension of lower
arms to which each ball is attached = 100 mm ; mass of each ball = 6 kg and mass of the central
load = 150 kg. If the radius of rotation of the balls is 180 mm when the arms are inclined at an
angle of 40° to the axis of rotation, find the equilibrium speed for the above configuration.
(CO-1 BL-5)
5. . A spring loaded governor of the Hartnell type has arms of equal length. The masses rotate in a
circle of 130 mm diameter when the sleeve is in the mid position and the ball arms are vertical.
The equilibrium speed for this position is 450 r.p.m., neglecting friction. The maximum sleeve
movement is to be 25 mm and the maximum variation of speed taking in account the friction to
be 5 per cent of the mid position speed. The mass of the sleeve is 4 kg and the friction may be
considered equivalent to 30 N at the sleeve. The power of the governor must be sufficient to
overcome the friction by one per cent change of speed either way at mid-position. Determine,
neglecting obliquity effect of arms ; 1. The value of each rotating mass : 2. The spring stiffness in
N/mm ; and 3. The initial compression of spring. (CO-1 BL-5)

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