Directorate of Online Education

SRM Institute of Science and Technology

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur-603203

LAB MANUAL

Course: MBA (BA)

SEMESTER- III

SUBJECT TITLE
Introduction to Business Analytics

SUBJECT CODE
V20PBBA01

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST

 List of Exercises

Exercise No. Title of Exercise

1 Descriptive Statistics

2 Frequency Table

3 Simple Bar Chart and Clustered Bar Chart

4 Histogram

5 Calculate T-test: Independent Samples

6 One-way ANOVA

7 Chi-square

8 Correlation

9 Simple Linear Regression

10 Cronbach’s Alpha

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 2

Exercise 1: How to run Descriptive Statistics in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Descriptive Statistics\Descriptives.

2. This will open up a new window called Descriptives.
3. A small window will open, where you see two boxes.
4. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Here you choose the variable(s)
you want to get the measures of central tendency and/or variation for. In other
words, if you want to, you can choose several variables here, and SPSS will
produce descriptives for all of them.
5. Click on the small arrow between the boxes to transfer the variable(s) to the
box to the right.
6. Click on Options.
7. Tick the boxes for the measures you want to have.
8. Click on Continue to close the small window.
9. Click on OK to close the Descriptives window in order to get the results in your
Output window

Exercise 2: How to Create Frequency Table in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Descriptive Statistics\Frequencies.

2. This will open up a new window called Frequencies.

3. A small window will open, where you see two boxes. In the left box, all your
variables are displayed.

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 3

 4. In the left box, you choose the variable(s) you want to get a frequency table for.

In other words, you may choose several variables here, and SPSS will produce
frequency tables for all of them.
5. Click on the small arrow between the boxes to transfer the variable(s) to the

box to the right.

6. To order statistics for your variable, click on Statistics. In the new window

called Frequencies: Statistics tick the boxes for the measures you want SPSS to
show. Click on Continue.
7. To order a graph, click on Charts. In the new window called Frequencies:

Charts tick the box for the graph you want SPSS to show. Also make sure to tick
the box Percentages. Click on Continue.
8. Click on OK

Exercise 3: How to Create Simple Bar Chart and Clustered Bar Chart in SPSS?

Simple bar chart

Steps:
1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Graphs\Legacy Dialogs\Bar.
2. A small window will open, where you click on Define.
3. A new window called Define Simple Bar: Summaries for Groups of Cases will
open.
4. Tick the option % of cases.
5. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Here, you select the variable
you want SPSS to show a bar chart for. Click on the arrow next to Category Axis.
6. Click on OK to close the Define Simple Bar: Summaries for Groups of Cases
window in order to get the results in your Output window.

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 4

Clustered bar chart
Steps:
1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Graphs\Legacy Dialogs\Bar.

2. A small window will open, where you choose the option Clustered.

3. Click on Define.

4. A new window called Define Clustered Bar: Summaries for Groups of Cases will

open.
5. Tick the option % of cases.

6. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Here, you select the variable

you want SPSS to show a bar chart for. Click on the arrow next to Category Axis.
7. In the left box, you select the variable you want the previous variable to be

clustered by. Click on the arrow next to Define Clusters by.

8. Click on OK to close the Define Simple Bar: Summaries for Groups of Cases

window in order to get the results in your Output window.

Exercise 4: How to Create Histogram in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Graphs\Legacy Dialogs\Histogram.

2. A new window called Histogram will open.

3. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Here, you select the variable

you want SPSS to show a histogram for. Click on the arrow next to Variable.
4. Tick the option Display normal curve to include a normal curve fitted to the

data.
5. Click on OK to close the Histogram window in order to get the results in your

Output window

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 5

Exercise 5: How to Calculate T-test: Independent Samples in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Compare Means\Independent-Samples T

Test.
2. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. You choose the variable you

want to have as your dependent variable and transfer it to the box called Test
Variable(s).
3. Then you choose the variable you want as your independent variable and

transfer it to the box called Grouping Variable.

4. Click on Define Groups…

5. Specify which values the two categories in the independent variable have.

6. Click on Continue.

7. Click on OK.

Exercise 6: How to Calculate One-way ANOVA in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Compare Means\One-way ANOVA.

2. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. You choose the variable you

want to have as your dependent variable and transfer it to the box called
Dependent list.
3. You also choose the variable you want as your independent variable and

transfer it to the box called Factor.

4. Go to the box Option. Tick the boxes called Descriptive, Homogeneity of

variance test, Brown-Forsythe, Welch and Means Plot.

5. Click on Continue and then on OK.

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 6

Exercise 7: How to Calculate Chi-square in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Descriptive Statistics\Crosstabs.

2. A small window will open, where you see one big box and three small boxes. In

the left box, all your variables are displayed.

3. Here, you choose two variables: one to be the Row variable, and one to be the

Column variable.
4. Move your variables to the Row and Column boxes by using the arrows.

5. Click on Statistics.

6. Tick the box for Chi-square.

7. Click on Continue.

8. Tick the box called Suppress tables located below the box containing all

variables.
9. Click on OK.

Exercise 8: How to Calculate Correlation in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Correlate\Bivariate.

2. A new window called Bivariate Correlations will open.

3. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Highlight the variables for

which you want to test the correlation, and then transfer them to Variables.
4. Click on OK.

Note that it is possible to include more than two variables, and in that case you
will get correlation coefficients for each pair of variables.

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 7

Exercise 9: How to Calculate Simple Linear Regression in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Regression\Linear.

2. A new window called Linear Regression will open.

3. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. You choose the variable you

want to have as your dependent variable (y) and transfer it to the box called
Dependent.
4. Then you choose the variable you want as your independent variable (x) and

transfer it to the box called Independent(s).

5. Click on Statistics.

6. Tick the box for Confidence Intervals.

7. Click on Continue.

8. Click on OK to get the results in your Output window.

Exercise 10: How to Calculate Cronbach’s Alpha in SPSS?

Steps:

1. Go to the Menu bar, choose Analyze\Scale\Reliability Analysis.

2. A new window called Reliability Analysis will open.

3. In the left box, all your variables are displayed. Highlight the variables that you

want to include in the analysis, and then transfer them to Items.

4. If you want to see what would happen to the alpha value if you would exclude

any specific variable, click on Statistics. Tick the box called Scale if item deleted,
and then click on Continue.
5. Click on OK.

Directorate of Online Education, SRMIST 8