LABORATORY MANUAL

PYTHON PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

21CSL46

COMPILED BY
RAJENDRA M

REVIEWED BY
DR. LATHA P.H
HOD, DEPT OF IS&E

Department of Information Science & Engineering

M.S. Palya, Via Jalahalli East, Bangalore – 560 097.

21CSL46 Python Programming Laboratory

SYLLABUS

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1A) Write a python program to find the best of two test average marks out of three
test’s marks accepted from the user.

m1 = int(input("Enter marks for test1 : "))

m2 = int(input("Enter marks for test2 : "))
m3 = int(input("Enter marks for test3 : "))

if m1 <= m2 and m1 <= m3:

avgMarks = (m2+m3)/2
elif m2 <= m1 and m2 <= m3:
avgMarks = (m1+m3)/2
elif m3 <= m1 and m2 <= m2:
avgMarks = (m1+m2)/2

print("Average of best two test marks out of three test’s marks is", avgMarks);

Output
Enter marks for test1 : 45
Enter marks for test2 : 39
Enter marks for test3 : 48

Average of best two test marks out of three test’s marks is 46.5

1 B) Develop a Python program to check whether a given number is palindrome or not

and also count the number of occurrences of each digit in the input number.

val = int(input("Enter a value : "))

str_val = str(val)
if str_val == str_val[::-1]:
print("Palindrome")
else:
print("Not Palindrome")

for i in range(10):
if str_val.count(str(i)) > 0:
print(str(i),"appears", str_val.count(str(i)), "times");

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Output

Enter a value : 1234234

Not Palindrome

1 appears 1 times
2 appears 2 times
3 appears 2 times
4 appears 2 times

Enter a value : 12321

Palindrome

1 appears 2 times
2 appears 2 times
3 appears 1 times

2A) Defined as a function F as Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2. Write a Python program which

accepts a value for N (where N >0) as input and pass this value to the function. Display
suitable error message if the condition for input value is not followed.

def fn(n):
if n == 1:
return 0
elif n == 2:
return 1
else:
return fn(n-1) + fn(n-2)

num = int(input("Enter a number : "))

if num > 0:
print("fn(", num, ") = ",fn(num) , sep ="")
else:
print("Error in input")
Output
Enter a number : 5
fn(5) = 3
Enter a number : -1
Error in input

2B) Develop a python program to convert binary to decimal, octal to hexadecimal using

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functions.

def bin2Dec(val):
rev=val[::-1]
dec = 0
i=0
for dig in rev:
dec += int(dig) * 2**i
i += 1

return dec

def oct2Hex(val):
rev=val[::-1]
dec = 0
i=0
for dig in rev:
dec += int(dig) * 8**i
i += 1
list=[]
while dec != 0:
list.append(dec%16)
dec = dec // 16

nl=[]
for elem in list[::-1]:
if elem <= 9:
nl.append(str(elem))
else:
nl.append(chr(ord('A') + (elem -10)))
hex = "".join(nl)

return hex

num1 = input("Enter a binary number : ")

print(bin2Dec(num1))
num2 = input("Enter a octal number : ")
print(oct2Hex(num2))

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Output

Enter a binary number : 10111001

185
Enter a octal number : 675
1BD

3A)Write a Python program that accepts a sentence and find the number of words,
digits, uppercase letters and lowercase letters.

sentence = input("Enter a sentence : ")

wordList = sentence.split(" ")

print("This sentence has", len(wordList), "words")

digCnt = upCnt = loCnt = 0

for ch in sentence:
if '0' <= ch <= '9':
digCnt += 1
elif 'A' <= ch <= 'Z':
upCnt += 1
elif 'a' <= ch <= 'z':
loCnt += 1

print("This sentence has", digCnt, "digits", upCnt, "upper case letters", loCnt, "lower case
letters")

Output

Enter a sentence : Rama went to Devaraja market to pick 2 kgs of vegetable

This sentence has 11 words
This sentence has 1 digits 2 upper case letters 42 lower case letters
String Similarity

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3B) Write a Python program to find the string similarity between two given strings.

str1 = input("Enter String 1 \n")

str2 = input("Enter String 2 \n")

if len(str2) < len(str1):

short = len(str2)
long = len(str1)
else:
short = len(str1)
long = len(str2)

matchCnt = 0
for i in range(short):
if str1[i] == str2[i]:
matchCnt += 1

print("Similarity between two said strings:")

print(matchCnt/long)

Output
Enter String 1
Python Exercises
Enter String 2
Python Exercises
Similarity between two said strings:
1.0

Enter String 1
Python Exercises
Enter String 2
Python Exercise
Similarity between two said strings:
0.9375

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4A) Write a python program to implement insertion sort and merge sort using lists.

import random

def merge_sort(lst):
if len(lst) > 1:
mid = len(lst) // 2
left_half = lst[:mid]
right_half = lst[mid:]

merge_sort(left_half)
merge_sort(right_half)

i=j=k=0

while i < len(left_half) and j < len(right_half):

if left_half[i] < right_half[j]:
lst[k] = left_half[i]
i += 1
else:
lst[k] = right_half[j]
j += 1
k += 1

while i < len(left_half):

lst[k] = left_half[i]
i += 1
k += 1

while j < len(right_half):

lst[k] = right_half[j]
j += 1
k += 1

return lst

def insertion_sort(arr):
for i in range(1, len(arr)):
key = arr[i]
j=i-1
while j >= 0 and key < arr[j]:
arr[j + 1] = arr[j]

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j -= 1
arr[j + 1] = key

my_list = []

for i in range(10):
my_list.append(random.randint(0, 999))

print("\nUnsorted List")
print(my_list)
print("Sorting using Insertion Sort")
insertion_sort(my_list)
print(my_list)

my_list = []

for i in range(10):
my_list.append(random.randint(0, 999))

print("\nUnsorted List")
print(my_list)
print("Sorting using Merge Sort")
merge_sort(my_list)
print(my_list)
Output
Unsorted List
[932, 111, 226, 685, 543, 589, 918, 539, 294, 717]
Sorting using Insertion Sort
[111, 226, 294, 539, 543, 589, 685, 717, 918, 932]

Unsorted List
[613, 176, 828, 265, 65, 326, 359, 919, 514, 868]
Sorting using Merge Sort
[65, 176, 265, 326, 359, 514, 613, 828, 868, 919]

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4 B Write a program to convert roman numbers in to integer values using dictionaries.

def roman2Dec(romStr):
roman_dict ={'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
# Analyze string backwards
romanBack = list(romStr)[::-1]
value = 0
# To keep track of order
rightVal = roman_dict[romanBack[0]]
for numeral in romanBack:
leftVal = roman_dict[numeral]
# Check for subtraction
if leftVal < rightVal:
value -= leftVal
else:
value += leftVal
rightVal = leftVal
return value

romanStr = input("Enter a Roman Number : ")

print(roman2Dec(romanStr))

Output

Enter a Roman Number : XVII

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Enter a Roman Number : MLXVI
1066

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5A) Write a function called isphonenumber () to recognize a pattern 415-555-4242

without using regular expression and also write the code to recognize the same pattern
using regular expression.

import re

def isphonenumber(numStr):
if len(numStr) != 12:
return False
for i in range(len(numStr)):
if i==3 or i==7:
if numStr[i] != "-":
return False
else:
if numStr[i].isdigit() == False:
return False
return True

def chkphonenumber(numStr):
ph_no_pattern = re.compile(r'^\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}$')
if ph_no_pattern.match(numStr):
return True
else:
return False

ph_num = input("Enter a phone number : ")

print("Without using Regular Expression")
if isphonenumber(ph_num):
print("Valid phone number")
else:
print("Invalid phone number")

print("Using Regular Expression")

if chkphonenumber(ph_num):
print("Valid phone number")
else:
print("Invalid phone number")

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Output

Enter a phone number : 444-654-5656

Without using Regular Expression
Valid phone number
Using Regular Expression
Valid phone number

Enter a phone number : 45A4-444-878

Without using Regular Expression
Invalid phone number
Using Regular Expression
Invalid phone number

5B) Develop a python program that could search the text in a file for phone numbers
(+919900889977) and email addresses (sample@gmail.com)

import re

# Define the regular expression for phone numbers

phone_regex = re.compile(r'\+\d{12}')
email_regex = re.compile(r'[A-Za-z0-9._]+@[A-Za-z0-9]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}')
# Open the file for reading
with open('example.txt', 'r') as f:
# Loop through each line in the file
for line in f:
# Search for phone numbers in the line
matches = phone_regex.findall(line)
# Print any matches found
for match in matches:
print(match)

matches = email_regex.findall(line)
# Print any matches found
for match in matches:
print(match)

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Output

+918151894220
+829392938876
+918768456234
prakash81.82@gmail.in

6A) Write a python program to accept a file name from the user and perform the
following operations

 Display the first N line of the file

 Find the frequency of occurrence of the word accepted from the user in the file

import os.path
import sys

fname = input("Enter the filename : ")

if not os.path.isfile(fname):
print("File", fname, "doesn't exists")
sys.exit(0)

infile = open(fname, "r")

lineList = infile.readlines()

for i in range(20):
print(i+1, ":", lineList[i])

word = input("Enter a word : ")

cnt = 0
for line in lineList:
cnt += line.count(word)

print("The word", word, "appears", cnt, "times in the file")

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Output

Enter the filename : example.txt

1 : this is phone number +918151894220
2 : no phone number here
3 : here we have one +829392938876
4 : we have an email prakash81.82@gmail.in and a number +918768456234
5 : nothing of that sort here
6 : Better hope the life-inspector doesn't come around while you have your
7 : life in such a mess.
8 : You can create your own opportunities this week. Blackmail a senior executive.
9 : Be different: conform.
10 : Be cheerful while you are alive.
11 : -- Phathotep, 24th Century B.C.
12 : Q: How many journalists does it take to screw in a light bulb?
13 : A: Three. One to report it as an inspired government program to bring
14 : light to the people, one to report it as a diabolical government plot
15 : to deprive the poor of darkness, and one to win a Pulitzer prize for
16 : reporting that Electric Company hired a light bulb-assassin to break
17 : the bulb in the first place.
18 : Q: Why did the astrophysicist order three hamburgers?
19 : A: Because he was hungry.
20 : Q: Why haven't you graduated yet?
Enter a word : the
The word the appears 7 times in the file
Zip operation on a folder

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6B) Develop a program to backing Up a given Folder (Folder in a current working

directory) into a ZIP File by using relevant modules and suitable methods.

import os
import sys
import pathlib
import zipfile

dirName = input("Enter Directory name that you want to backup : ")

if not os.path.isdir(dirName):
print("Directory", dirName, "doesn't exists")
sys.exit(0)

curDirectory = pathlib.Path(dirName)

with zipfile.ZipFile("myZip.zip", mode="w") as archive:

for file_path in curDirectory.rglob("*"):
archive.write(file_path, arcname=file_path.relative_to(curDirectory))

if os.path.isfile("myZip.zip"):
print("Archive", "myZip.zip", "created successfully")
else:
print("Error in creating zip archive")

Output

Enter Directory name that you want to backup : zipDemo

Archive myZip.zip created successfully

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7A) By using the concept of inheritance write a python program to find the area of
triangle, circle and rectangle.

import math

class Shape:
def __init__(self):
self.area = 0
self.name = ""

def showArea(self):
print("The area of the", self.name, "is", self.area, "units")

class Circle(Shape):
def __init__(self,radius):
self.area = 0
self.name = "Circle"
self.radius = radius

def calcArea(self):
self.area = math.pi * self.radius * self.radius

class Rectangle(Shape):
def __init__(self,length,breadth):
self.area = 0
self.name = "Rectangle"
self.length = length
self.breadth = breadth

def calcArea(self):
self.area = self.length * self.breadth

class Triangle(Shape):
def __init__(self,base,height):
self.area = 0
self.name = "Triangle"
self.base = base
self.height = height

def calcArea(self):
self.area = self.base * self.height / 2

c1 = Circle(5)

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c1.calcArea()
c1.showArea()

r1 = Rectangle(5, 4)
r1.calcArea()
r1.showArea()

t1 = Triangle(3, 4)
t1.calcArea()
t1.showArea()
Output
The area of the Circle is 78.53981633974483 units
The area of the Rectangle is 20 units
The area of the Triangle is 6.0 units

7B) Write a python program by creating a class called Employee to store the details of
Name, Employee_ID, Department and Salary, and implement a method to update
salary of employees belonging to a given department.

class Employee:
def __init__(self):
self.name = ""
self.empId = ""
self.dept = ""
self.salary = 0

def getEmpDetails(self):
self.name = input("Enter Employee name : ")
self.empId = input("Enter Employee ID : ")
self.dept = input("Enter Employee Dept : ")
self.salary = int(input("Enter Employee Salary : "))

def showEmpDetails(self):
print("Employee Details")
print("Name : ", self.name)
print("ID : ", self.empId)
print("Dept : ", self.dept)
print("Salary : ", self.salary)

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def updtSalary(self):
self.salary = int(input("Enter new Salary : "))
print("Updated Salary", self.salary)

e1 = Employee()
e1.getEmpDetails()
e1.showEmpDetails()
e1.updtSalary()

Output

Enter Employee name : Sameer

Enter Employee ID : A123
Enter Employee Dept : CSE
Enter Employee Salary : 85750

Employee Details
Name : Sameer
ID : A123
Dept : CSE
Salary : 85750

Enter new Salary : 88800

Updated Salary 88800

8A) Write a python program to find the whether the given input is palindrome or not
(for both string and integer) using the concept of polymorphism and inheritance.

class PaliStr:
def __init__(self):
self.isPali = False

def chkPalindrome(self, myStr):

if myStr == myStr[::-1]:
self.isPali = True
else:
self.isPali = False

return self.isPali

class PaliInt(PaliStr):
def __init__(self):
self.isPali = False

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def chkPalindrome(self, val):

temp = val
rev = 0
while temp != 0:
dig = temp % 10
rev = (rev*10) + dig
temp = temp //10

if val == rev:
self.isPali = True
else:
self.isPali = False

return self.isPali

st = input("Enter a string : ")

stObj = PaliStr()
if stObj.chkPalindrome(st):
print("Given string is a Palindrome")
else:
print("Given string is not a Palindrome")

val = int(input("Enter a integer : "))

intObj = PaliInt()
if intObj.chkPalindrome(val):
print("Given integer is a Palindrome")
else:
print("Given integer is not a Palindrome")

Output

Enter a string : madam

Given string is a Palindrome
Enter a integer : 567587
Given integer is not a Palindrome
Enter a string : INDIA
Given string is not a Palindrome
Enter a integer : 6789876
Given integer is a Palindrome

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9A) Write a python program to download the all XKCD comics

import requests
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# Set the URL of the first XKCD comic

url = 'https://xkcd.com/1/'

# Create a folder to store the comics

if not os.path.exists('xkcd_comics'):
os.makedirs('xkcd_comics')

# Loop through all the comics

while True:
# Download the page content
res = requests.get(url)
res.raise_for_status()

# Parse the page content using BeautifulSoup

soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')

# Find the URL of the comic image

comic_elem = soup.select('#comic img')
if comic_elem == []:
print('Could not find comic image.')
else:
comic_url = 'https:' + comic_elem[0].get('src')

# Download the comic image

print(f'Downloading {comic_url}...')
res = requests.get(comic_url)
res.raise_for_status()

# Save the comic image to the xkcd_comics folder

image_file = open(os.path.join('xkcd_comics', os.path.basename(comic_url)), 'wb')
for chunk in res.iter_content(100000):
image_file.write(chunk)
image_file.close()

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# Get the URL of the previous comic

prev_link = soup.select('a[rel="prev"]')[0]
if not prev_link:
break
url = 'https://xkcd.com' + prev_link.get('href')

print('All comics downloaded.')

Output

Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/barrel_cropped_(1).jpg...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/radians_are_cursed.png...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/presents_for_biologists.png...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/launch_window.png...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/obituary_editor.png...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/fanservice.png...
Downloading https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/hand_dryers.png...

9B) Demonstrate python program to read the data from the spreadsheet and write the
data in to the spreadsheet

from openpyxl import Workbook

from openpyxl.styles import Font

wb = Workbook()
sheet = wb.active
sheet.title = "Language"
wb.create_sheet(title = "Capital")

lang = ["Kannada", "Telugu", "Tamil"]

state = ["Karnataka", "Telangana", "Tamil Nadu"]
capital = ["Bengaluru", "Hyderabad", "Chennai"]
code =['KA', 'TS', 'TN']

sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 1).value = "State"

sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 2).value = "Language"
sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 3).value = "Code"

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ft = Font(bold=True)
for row in sheet["A1:C1"]:
for cell in row:
cell.font = ft

for i in range(2,5):
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 1).value = state[i-2]
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 2).value = lang[i-2]
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 3).value = code[i-2]

wb.save("demo.xlsx")

sheet = wb["Capital"]

sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 1).value = "State"

sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 2).value = "Capital"
sheet.cell(row = 1, column = 3).value = "Code"

ft = Font(bold=True)
for row in sheet["A1:C1"]:
for cell in row:
cell.font = ft

for i in range(2,5):
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 1).value = state[i-2]
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 2).value = capital[i-2]
sheet.cell(row = i, column = 3).value = code[i-2]

wb.save("demo.xlsx")

srchCode = input("Enter state code for finding capital ")

for i in range(2,5):
data = sheet.cell(row = i, column = 3).value
if data == srchCode:
print("Corresponding capital for code", srchCode, "is", sheet.cell(row = i, column =
2).value)

sheet = wb["Language"]

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srchCode = input("Enter state code for finding language ")

for i in range(2,5):
data = sheet.cell(row = i, column = 3).value
if data == srchCode:
print("Corresponding language for code", srchCode, "is", sheet.cell(row = i, column =
2).value)

wb.close()

Output

Enter state code for finding capital KA

Corresponding capital for code KA is Bengaluru
Enter state code for finding language TS
Corresponding language for code TS is Telugu
Merge selected pages from Multiple PDFs to a new PDF

10A) Write a python program to combine select pages from many PDFs

from PyPDF2 import PdfWriter, PdfReader

num = int(input("Enter page number you want combine from multiple documents "))

pdf1 = open('birds.pdf', 'rb')

pdf2 = open('birdspic.pdf', 'rb')

pdf_writer = PdfWriter()

pdf1_reader = PdfReader(pdf1)
page = pdf1_reader.pages[num - 1]
pdf_writer.add_page(page)

pdf2_reader = PdfReader(pdf2)
page = pdf2_reader.pages[num - 1]
pdf_writer.add_page(page)

with open('output.pdf', 'wb') as output:

pdf_writer.write(output)

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Output

This program allows you to extract specific pages from two PDF files, “birds.pdf” and
“birdspic.pdf,” by entering the page numbers as user input. Once you input the desired page
numbers, the program fetches those pages from both PDF files and combines them into a new
file called “output.pdf.” This way, you can easily compile the desired pages from multiple
PDF files into one document for your convenience.

Enter page number you want combine from multiple documents 3

birdsDownload
birdspicDownload
outputDownload

10B) Write a python program to fetch current weather data from the JSON file

import json

# Load the JSON data from file

with open('weather_data.json') as f:
data = json.load(f)

# Extract the required weather data

current_temp = data['main']['temp']
humidity = data['main']['humidity']
weather_desc = data['weather'][0]['description']

# Display the weather data

print(f"Current temperature: {current_temp}°C")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Weather description: {weather_desc}")
JSON File :
{
"coord": {
"lon": -73.99,
"lat": 40.73
},
"weather": [
{
"id": 800,
"main": "Clear",
"description": "clear sky",
"icon": "01d"
}

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],
"base": "stations",
"main": {
"temp": 15.45,
"feels_like": 12.74,
"temp_min": 14.44,
"temp_max": 16.11,
"pressure": 1017,
"humidity": 64
},
"visibility": 10000,
"wind": {
"speed": 4.63,
"deg": 180
},
"clouds": {
"all": 1
},
"dt": 1617979985,
"sys": {
"type": 1,
"id": 5141,
"country": "US",
"sunrise": 1617951158,
"sunset": 1618000213
},
"timezone": -14400,
"id": 5128581,
"name": "New York",
"cod": 200
}

Output
Current temperature: 15.45°C
Humidity: 64%
Weather description: clear sky

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