PYTHON LAB MANUAL

BCS358D

2023-24

ATRIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Adjacent to Bangalore Baptist Hospital
Hebbal Bengaluru-560024
 Course Code BCS358D CIE Marks 50
Number of Contact Hours/Week 0:0:2 SEE Marks 50
Total Number of Lab Contact Hours 28 Exam Hours 03
Credits-1 Semester III

Sl NO Lab Experiments PgNo

PART A
1. a) Write a python program to find the best of two test average marks out 01
of three test’s marks accepted from the user.
b) Develop a Python program to check whether a given number is
palindrome or not and also count the number of occurrences of each
digit in the input number.
2. a) Defined as a function F as Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2. Write a Python program 04
which accepts a value for N (where N >0) as input and pass this value to
the function. Display suitable error message if the condition for input
value is not followed.
b) Develop a python program to convert binary to decimal, octal to
hexadecimal using functions.
3. a) Write a Python program that accepts a sentence and find the number of 06
words, digits, uppercase letters and lowercase letters.
b) Write a Python program to find the string similarity between two given
strings.
Sample Output: Sample Output:
Original string: Original string:
Python Exercises Python Exercises
Python Exercises Python Exercises
Similarity between two said strings: Similarity between two said
strings:1.0 0.967741935483871
4. a) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Bar Plot 09
using Matplotlib.
b) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Scatter Plot
using Matplotlib
5. a) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Histogram 11
Plot using Matplotlib.
b) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Pie Chart
using Matplotlib.
6. a) Write a Python program to illustrate Linear Plotting using Matplotlib. 13
b) Write a Python program to illustrate liner plotting with line
formatting using Matplotlib.

7. Write a Python program which explains uses of customizing seaborn 15

plots with Aesthetic functions.
8. Write a Python program to explain working with bokeh line graph using 17
Annotations and Legends.
 a) Write a Python program for plotting different types of plots using
Bokeh.

9. Write a Python program to draw 3D Plots using Plotly Libraries. 21

10. a) Write a Python program to draw Time Series using Plotly Libraries. 22
b) Write a Python program for creating Maps using Plotly Libraries.
Python Lab Manual BCS358D

Program 1 :
a) Write a python program to find the best of two test average marks out of three test’s marks
accepted from the user.

# Function to calculate average

def calculate_average(test1, test2, test3):
return (test1 + test2 + test3) / 3
# Get input from the user
test1 = float(input("Enter marks for test 1: "))
test2 = float(input("Enter marks for test 2: "))
test3 = float(input("Enter marks for test 3: "))

# Calculate averages for two best tests

average1 = calculate_average(test1, test2, test3)
average2 = calculate_average(test1, test2, test3)

# Find the best average

best_average = max(average1, average2)

# Print the best average

print(f"The best average marks out of two tests are: {best_average:.2f}")

Output:

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b) Develop a Python program to check whether a given number is palindrome or not and also
count the number of occurrences of each digit in the input number.

def is_palindrome(number):
# Convert the number to a string for easy comparison
number_str = str(number)

# Check if the string is equal to its reverse

return number_str == number_str[::-1]

def count_digit_occurrences(number):
# Initialize a dictionary to store digit occurrences
digit_occurrences = {str(i): 0 for i in range(10)}

# Convert the number to a string for easy iteration

number_str = str(number)

# Count occurrences of each digit

for digit in number_str:
digit_occurrences[digit] += 1

return digit_occurrences

# Get input from the user

input_number = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Check if the number is a palindrome

if is_palindrome(input_number):
print(f"{input_number} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{input_number} is not a palindrome.")

# Count digit occurrences

occurrences = count_digit_occurrences(input_number)

# Display the occurrences of each digit

print("Occurrences of each digit:")
for digit, count in occurrences.items():
print(f"Digit {digit}: {count} times")

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Output:

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Program 2 :
a) Defined as a function F as Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2. Write a Python program which accepts a value
for N (where N >0) as input and pass this value to the function. Display suitable error message
if the condition for input value is not followed.

def F(N):
if N <= 0:
print("Error: Number of terms must be a positive integer.")
return
elif N == 1:
return [0]
elif N == 2:
return [0, 1]
else:
f_n = [0, 1] # fn = [fn-1,fn-2]

while len(f_n) < N:

f_n_next = f_n[-1] + f_n[-2] #Next term fn = fn-1+fn-2
f_n.append(f_n_next) #Creating a list of terms
return f_n
# Accept input from the user
n = int(input("Enter a positive integer (N > 0): "))

# Call the Fibonacci function and display the result or error message
result = F(n)
if result is not None:
print(f"The numbers till N are: {result}")

Output:

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Python Lab Manual BCS358D

b) Develop a python program to convert binary to decimal, octal to hexadecimal using

functions.

def binary_to_decimal(binary):
decimal = int(binary, 2)
return decimal
def octal_to_hexadecimal(octal):
decimal = int(octal, 8)
hexadecimal = hex(decimal).upper()[2:]
return hexadecimal

# Example usage:

binary_number = "101010"
decimal_result = binary_to_decimal(binary_number)
print(f"Binary {binary_number} is equivalent to Decimal {decimal_result}")

octal_number = "52"
hexadecimal_result = octal_to_hexadecimal(octal_number)
print(f"Octal {octal_number} is equivalent to Hexadecimal {hexadecimal_result}")

Output:

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Python Lab Manual BCS358D

Program 3 :
a) Write a Python program that accepts a sentence and find the number of words, digits,
uppercase letters and lowercase letters.

def analyze_sentence(sentence):
word_count = len(sentence.split())
digit_count = sum(c.isdigit() for c in sentence)
uppercase_count = sum(c.isupper() for c in sentence)
lowercase_count = sum(c.islower() for c in sentence)

return word_count, digit_count, uppercase_count, lowercase_count

# Example usage:

sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")

word_count, digit_count, uppercase_count, lowercase_count =
analyze_sentence(sentence)
print(f"Number of words: {word_count}")
print(f"Number of digits: {digit_count}")
print(f"Number of uppercase letters: {uppercase_count}")
print(f"Number of lowercase letters: {lowercase_count}")

Output :

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b) Write a Python program to find the string similarity between two given strings.

def levenshtein_distance(s1, s2):

m, n = len(s1), len(s2)
dp = [[0] * (n + 1) for _ in range(m + 1)]

for i in range(m + 1):

dp[i][0] = i

for j in range(n + 1):

dp[0][j] = j

for i in range(1, m + 1):

for j in range(1, n + 1):
cost = 0 if s1[i - 1] == s2[j - 1] else 1
dp[i][j] = min(dp[i - 1][j] + 1, dp[i][j - 1] + 1, dp[i - 1][j - 1] + cost)

return dp[m][n]

# Example usage:

string1 = "python"
string2 = "program"

distance = levenshtein_distance(string1, string2)

print(f"The Levenshtein distance between '{string1}' and '{string2}' is: {distance}")

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Output:

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Program 4:
a) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Bar Plot using Matplotlib.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data
categories = ['Category A', 'Category B', 'Category C', 'Category D']
values = [15, 24, 12, 8]

# Create a bar plot

plt.bar(categories, values, color='skyblue')

# Add title and labels

plt.title('Bar Plot Example')
plt.xlabel('Categories')
plt.ylabel('Values')

# Display the plot

plt.show()

Output:

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b) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Scatter Plot using Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
y = [3, 5, 9, 7, 6, 8, 12, 10]

# Create a scatter plot

plt.scatter(x, y, color='red', marker='o')

# Add title and labels

plt.title('Scatter Plot Example')
plt.xlabel('X-axis')
plt.ylabel('Y-axis')

# Display the plot

plt.show()

Output:

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Program 5 :
a) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Histogram Plot using Matplotlib.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np
# Generate some random data for demonstration
data = np.random.randn(1000) * 10 + 50

# Create a histogram
plt.hist(data, bins=30, alpha=0.7, color='blue', edgecolor='black')

# Add labels and title

plt.xlabel('Value')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.title('Histogram Plot')

# Display the plot

plt.show()

Output:

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b) Write a Python program to Demonstrate how to Draw a Pie Chart using Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data to plot
labels = 'Python', 'Java', 'C++', 'JavaScript'
sizes = [45, 30, 15, 10] # These are percentages
colors = ['gold', 'yellowgreen', 'lightcoral', 'lightskyblue']
explode = (0.1, 0, 0, 0) # explode 1st slice

# Plotting the pie chart

plt.pie(sizes, explode=explode, labels=labels, colors=colors, autopct='%1.1f%%',
shadow=True, startangle=140)
plt.axis('equal') # Equal aspect ratio ensures that pie is drawn as a circle.

# Adding a title
plt.title('Programming Languages Usage')

# Displaying the pie chart

plt.show()

output:

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Program 6 :
a) Write a Python program to illustrate Linear Plotting using Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]

# Create a linear plot

plt.plot(x, y, marker='o', color='blue', linestyle='-')

# Add title and labels

plt.title('Linear Plot Example')
plt.xlabel('X-axis')
plt.ylabel('Y-axis')

# Display the plot

plt.show()

Output:

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b) Write a Python program to illustrate liner plotting with line formatting using Matplotlib.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

# Plotting with line formatting

plt.plot(x, y, marker='o', linestyle='-', color='b', label='Line Plot')

# Adding labels and title

plt.xlabel('X-axis')
plt.ylabel('Y-axis')
plt.title('Line Plot with Formatting')

# Adding a legend
plt.legend()

# Display the plot

plt.show()

Output:

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Program 7 :
Write a Python program which explains uses of customizing seaborn plots with Aesthetic
functions.

import seaborn as sns

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Load a sample dataset (Iris dataset for demonstration)

iris = sns.load_dataset('iris')

# Set the style of the plot

sns.set_style("whitegrid")

# Create a scatter plot with customized color palette

sns.scatterplot(x='sepal_length', y='sepal_width', hue='species', data=iris, palette='pastel')

# Set title and labels

plt.title('Customized Scatter Plot')
plt.xlabel('Sepal Length')
plt.ylabel('Sepal Width')

# Customize legend
plt.legend(title='Species', loc='upper right')
# Add grid
plt.grid(True)

# Show the plot

plt.show()

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Output:

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Python Lab Manual BCS358D

Program 8 :
Write a Python program to explain working with bokeh line graph using Annotations and
Legends.

from bokeh.plotting import figure, show, output_file

from bokeh.models import ColumnDataSource
from bokeh.layouts import layout
from bokeh.models.annotations import Title, Legend

# Sample data
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y1 = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]
y2 = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

# Create a ColumnDataSource to hold the data

source = ColumnDataSource(data={'x': x, 'y1': y1, 'y2': y2})

# Create a figure
p = figure(title='Bokeh Line Graph with Annotations and Legends', x_axis_label='X-axis',
y_axis_label='Y-axis')

# Plot the lines

p.line('x', 'y1', source=source, line_width=2, line_color='blue', legend_label='Line 1')
p.line('x', 'y2', source=source, line_width=2, line_color='red', legend_label='Line 2')

# Add annotations
title = Title(text="Line Graph with Annotations and Legends", text_font_size="14pt")
p.title = title

# Add legend
p.legend.location = "top_left"
p.legend.click_policy="hide"

# Create an output HTML file

output_file("line_graph_with_annotations_legends.html")

# Show the plot

show(p)

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Output:

a) Write a Python program for plotting different types of plots using Bokeh.

from bokeh.plotting import figure, show, output_file

from bokeh.io import output_notebook, show
from bokeh.layouts import gridplot
from bokeh.models import ColumnDataSource

# Scatter Plot
output_file("scatter_plot.html")

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [6, 7, 2, 4, 6]

p1 = figure(title="Scatter Plot", x_axis_label='X-axis', y_axis_label='Y-axis')

p1.scatter(x, y, legend_label="Scatter", line_color="blue", fill_color="orange")

# Line Plot
output_notebook()

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x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [6, 7, 2, 4, 6]

p2 = figure(title="Line Plot", x_axis_label='X-axis', y_axis_label='Y-axis')

p2.line(x, y, legend_label="Line", line_color="green")

# Bar Plot
output_notebook()

fruits = ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Cherry', 'Date', 'Fig']

counts = [4, 5, 8, 12, 7]

source = ColumnDataSource(data=dict(fruits=fruits, counts=counts))

p3 = figure(x_range=fruits, title="Bar Plot", x_axis_label='Fruits', y_axis_label='Counts',

plot_height=350)
p3.vbar(x='fruits', top='counts', width=0.9, color="purple", legend_label="Fruits",
source=source)

# Grid Plot
output_file("grid_plot.html")

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y1 = [6, 7, 2, 4, 6]
y2 = [2, 3, 1, 5, 8]

p4 = figure(title="Grid Plot", x_axis_label='X-axis', y_axis_label='Y-axis')

p4.line(x, y1, legend_label="Line 1", line_color="blue")
p4.line(x, y2, legend_label="Line 2", line_color="red")

# Arrange plots in a grid

grid = gridplot([[p1, p2], [p3, p4]])

# Show the grid plot

show(grid)

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Output:

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Program 9:
Write a Python program to draw 3D Plots using Plotly Libraries.

import plotly.graph_objects as go
# Generate sample data
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(42)
x = np.random.rand(100)
y = np.random.rand(100)
z = np.random.rand(100)

# Create a 3D scatter plot

fig = go.Figure(data=[go.Scatter3d(x=x, y=y, z=z, mode='markers')])

# Add labels and title

fig.update_layout(scene=dict(xaxis_title='X', yaxis_title='Y', zaxis_title='Z'),
title='3D Scatter Plot')

# Show the plot

fig.show()

Output:

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Program 10 :
Write a Python program to draw Time Series using Plotly Libraries.

import plotly.graph_objects as go
from datetime import datetime

# Sample data
dates = [
datetime(2023, 1, 1),
datetime(2023, 2, 1),
datetime(2023, 3, 1),
datetime(2023, 4, 1),
datetime(2023, 5, 1)
]
values = [10, 14, 18, 24, 30]

# Create a trace
trace = go.Scatter(x=dates, y=values, mode='lines+markers')

# Create layout
layout = go.Layout(
title='Time Series Plot',
xaxis=dict(title='Date'),
yaxis=dict(title='Value')
)

# Create figure
fig = go.Figure(data=[trace], layout=layout)

# Display the figure

fig.show()

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Output:

b) Write a Python program for creating Maps using Plotly Libraries.

import plotly.express as px

# Create a sample dataset

data = dict(
lat=[37.7749, 40.7128, 34.0522, 41.8781],
lon=[-122.4194, -74.0060, -118.2437, -87.6298],
text=['San Francisco', 'New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago'],
size=[20, 50, 10, 30]
)

# Create a scatter_geo figure

fig = px.scatter_geo(data, lat='lat', lon='lon', text='text', size='size')

# Show the map

fig.show()

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Output:

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