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    Kuliah 2 Logam Ferro Dan Non Ferro

    Uploaded by

    messy gurl

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Kuliah 2 Logam Ferro Dan Non Ferro

    Uploaded by

    messy gurl
    7 views45 pages

    Original Title

    PPT Kuliah 2 Logam Ferro dan Non Ferro

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views45 pages

    Kuliah 2 Logam Ferro Dan Non Ferro

    Uploaded by

    messy gurl

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Material Teknik-

    Praktisi Mengajar 2
    Dr. Satrio Herbirowo - BRIN
    OUTLINE PENGAJARAN

    Analisis
    Pendahuluan
    Logam Ferro Kegagalan
    Matek dan Besi
    dan Non Ferro Material dan
    – Baja
    Mitigasi Korosi

    Karakterisasi
    Polimer- Komposit dan
    Material (Sifat
    Keramik- Material
    Mekanik dan
    Komposit terbarukan
    Mikrostruktur)
    ANY QUESTIONS?
    INTRODUCTION

    Holding (time)
     General procedure:

    heating → holding → cooling


    Iron-C Phase Diagram

    B
    Types of Heat Treatment
    1. Stress-Relief Annealing (or Stress-relieving)
    2. Normalizing
    3. Full Annealing
    4. Quenching
    5. Tempering (after HT step 1)
    1. Stress-Relief Annealing
     Itis an annealing process
    below the transformation
    temperature A1, with
    subsequent slow cooling,
    the aim of which is to
    reduce the internal residual
    stresses in a workpiece
    without intentionally
    changing its structure and
    mechanical properties
    Causes of Residual Stresses
    Thermal factors (e.g.,
    Mechanical factors (e.g., thermal stresses caused
    cold-working during metal by temperature gradients
    forming/machining) within the work-piece
    during heating or cooling)

    Metallurgical factors (e.g.,


    - In the heat treatment of phase transformation
    metals, quenching or rapid upon cooling wherein
    cooling is the cause of the parent and product
    greatest residual stresses phases have different
    densities
    Stress Relief Annealing –
    Temperature & Time Vs Stresses

     Higher temperatures and


    longer times of annealing
    bring residual stresses to
    lower levels
     All kinds of times (heating
    time, soaking time,
    cooling time)
    Normalizing – Heating and
    Cooling Purpose of soaking:
    1. To allow metal to
    attain uniform temp
    2. All the austenite
    A3
    transform into
    pearlite, especially
    A1
    for hyper-eutectoid
    compositions
    Normalizing after Rolling
     After hot rolling, the
    structure of steel is
    usually oriented in the
    rolling direction
     To remove the oriented
    structure and obtain the
    uniform mechanical
    properties in all
    directions, a normalizing
    annealing has to be
    performed
    FULL ANNEALING VS NORMALIZING

     C-T diagram shows the difference in


    the cooling rate and final structure
    4. Quenching Eutectoid steel (0.8%C)

    800
    723

    M = Martensite 600

    P = Pearlite 500

    T → 400

    300

    200
    Coarse P
    100
    M M +P Fine P

    0.1 1 10 102 103 104 105


    t (s) →
    60

    Hardness (Rc) →
    Harness of Martensite as a
    function of Carbon content
    40

    20
    % Carbon →
    0.2 0.4 0.6

    Properties of 0.8% C steel


    Constituent Hardness (Rc) Tensile strength (MN / m2)
    Coarse pearlite 16 710
    Fine pearlite 30 990
    Bainite 45 1470
    Martensite 65 -
    Martensite tempered at 250 oC 55 1990
    TUGAS - 1

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