Bachelor of Technology: (Course Structure and Syllabi) For
Bachelor of Technology: (Course Structure and Syllabi) For
Bachelor of Technology: (Course Structure and Syllabi) For
Third Year
5th Semester 6th Semester
SN Code Subject L T P Credits SN Code Subject L T P Credits
Fundamentals of
Nuclear Science &
1 PH-311 3 1 0 4 1 PH-321 Semiconductor 3 1 0 4
Engineering
Devices
Analog & Digital
2 PH-312 Plasma Physics 3 1 0 4 2 PH-322 3 1 0 4
Electronics
Lasers and
3 PH-313 Statistical Mechanics 3 1 0 4 3 PH-323 3 1 0 4
Photonics
Measurements
4 PH-314 Engineering Optics 3 0 0 3 4 PH-324 and 3 0 0 3
Instrumentation
5 OET Open Elective-I 3 0 0 3 5 OET Open Elective-II 3 0 0 3
Digital Electronics
6 PH-315 Optics Lab 0 0 2 1 6 PH-325 0 0 2 1
Lab
Lasers and
7 PH-316 Modern Physics Lab 0 0 2 1 7 PH-326 0 0 2 1
Photonics Lab
Computational Physics
8 PH-317 0 0 2 1 8 PH-329 Seminar 0 0 2 1
Lab
Total Hours = 24 21 Total Hours = 24 21
Fourth Year
Open Elective-I
Open Elective-II
Development of Algorithms: Notations and Analysis, Storage structures for arrays - sparse
matrices - structures and arrays of structures, Stacks and Queues: Representations,
UNIT-02 implementations and applications. 7L
Linked Lists: Singly linked lists, Linked stacks and queues, operations on Polynomials, Doubly
Linked Lists, Circularly Linked Lists, Operations on linked lists- Insertion, deletion and traversal,
dynamic storage management – Garbage collection and compaction.
Trees: Basic terminology, General Trees, Binary Trees, Tree Traversing: in-order, pre-order and
UNIT-03 post-order traversal, building a binary search tree, Operations on Binary Trees - Expression 7L
Manipulations - Symbol Table construction, Height Balanced Trees(AVL), B-trees, B+-trees.
Graphs: Basic definitions, representations of directed and undirected graphs, the single-source
UNIT-04 shortest path problem, the all-pair shortest path problem, traversals of directed and undirected 7L
graphs, directed acyclic graphs, strong components, minimum cost spanning tress, articulation
points and biconnected components, graph matching.
Sorting and Searching Techniques: Bubble sorting, Insertion sort, Selection sort, Shell sort,
UNIT-05 Merge sort, Heap and Heap sort, Quick sort, Radix sort and Bucket sort, Address calculation, 7L
Sequential searching, Binary Searching, Index searching, Hash table methods.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Interpret and compute asymptotic notations of an algorithm to analyze the time complexity.
CO2: Use of linear and non-linear data structures as the foundational base for computer solutions to problems.
CO3: Demonstrate the ability to implement various types of static and dynamic lists.
CO4: Implement binary trees, binary tree traversals, binary search trees and perform related analysis to solve problems.
CO5: Implement various types of sorting algorithms.
Books and References
1. An Introduction to Data Structures with applications by J.P. Tremblay and P.G. Sorenson, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Data structures, Algorithms ad Applications in C++ by Sartaj Sahni, WCB/McGraw Hill.
3. Data Structures and Algorithms by Alfred V. Aho, Jeffrey D. Ullman, John E. Hopcroft, Addison Wesley.
4. Data Structures using C by Y. Langsam, M. J. Augenstein and A. M. Tenenbaum, Pearson Education.
5. Data Structures – A Pseudocode Approach with C by Richard F. Gilberg and Behrouz A. Forouzan, Thomson Brooks /Cole.
List of Experiments
1. To identify the crystal structure and to determine the lattice constant using X-ray diffraction.
2. To study the Hall effect in semiconductors and to determine the carrier concentration.
3. To measure the magnetic susceptibility of different materials.
4. To measure the resistivity of semiconductor crystals (Ge & Si) with temperature by Four probe method.
5. To demonstrate dia-para-ferro magnetism in a homogenous magnetic field.
6. To study hysteresis of an iron core.
7. To investigate the elastic and plastic extension of metal wires.
8. To determine unit cells of various crystal classes.
9. To determine value of e/m by bar magnet
10. To perform Frank-Hertz experiment
11. Study of thermoluminscence of F centers in alkali halides
12. To measure the resistivity of insulator with temperature by Two probe method.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the various procedures and techniques for the experiments.
CO2: Use the different measuring devices and meters to record the data with precision.
CO3: Develop basic communication skills through working in groups in performing the laboratory experiments and by interpreting
the results.
List of Experiments
1. To demonstrate the Lenz’s law and effects of electromagnetically induced currents.
2. To investigate the equipotential lines of the electric field for different shape electrodes.
3. To measure the force between current carrying conductor and to determine the permeability of air.
4. To measure the force of attraction between charged capacitor plates and to determine the permittivity of air.
5. To determine the dielectric constant of different dielectric materials.
6. To measure the spatial distribution of the magnetic field between a pair if identical coils in Helmholtz arrangement.
7. To investigate the spacing between the coils at which magnetic field is uniform and to measure its spatial distribution.
8. To study the magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying multiturn coil.
9. To study the dependency of a magnetic field on coil diameter and number of turns.
10. To study the Biot-Savart’s law.
11. To study the magnetic behaviour of a circular conductor as a function of the current.
12. To study optical phenomena in microwave optics system.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the various procedures and techniques for the experiments.
CO2: Use the different measuring devices and meters to record the data with precision.
CO3: Develop basic communication skills through working in groups in performing the laboratory experiments and by interpreting the
results.
Note: The concerned Course Coordinator will prepare the actual list of experiments/problems at the start of semester based on above
generic list.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: To gain knowledge of popular available data structures.
CO2: To develop programming skills in students.
CO3: To impart knowledge of syntax and sementics of basic languages.
UNIT-4 Rigid Body Motion: Orthogonal transformation, transformation matrix, Euler angles, Cayley-Klein 7L
parameters, Euler’s theorem,Finite & infinitesimal rotations; Rotating frames of reference, Coriolis’
force; Angular momentum and kinetic energy, dyadic & tensors; Moment of inertia, principal axis
transformation, Euler equation of motion and its solutions, tops, precession, satellite orbits.
UNIT-5 Canonical Transformations: Legendre transformation and Hamilton’s equations of motion, cyclic 7L
coordinates and conservation theorems, derivation of Hamilton’s equations from a variational
principle, the principle of least action. The equation of canonical transformations, examples of
canonical transformations, Poisson brackets. Equations of motion.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the classical systems and analysis them.
CO2: Identify the applications of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics.
CO3: Learn and to apply the concepts learnt in classical mechanics in different situations..
Books and References
1. Classical Mechanics by N.C. Rana and P.S. Joag, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
2. Classical Mechanics by H. Goldstein, Narosa New Delhi.
3. Classical Mechanics by J. R.Taylor, University Science Books.
4. The Classical Theory of Fields by L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Elsevier.
5. Classical Mechanics of Particles and Rigid Bodies by K.C. Gupta, Wiley Eastern.
6. Classical Mechanics by J.C. Upadhyaya, Himalaya Publishing House.
UNIT-1 Complex variables: Analytic functions, contour integration, residue calculus, conformal mapping and 8L
its applications. Fourier and Laplace transforms, evaluation of integral transforms and their inverses
using contour integrals.
UNIT-2 Special Functions: Special equations of Mathematical Physics; Legendre and associated Legendre 7L
equations; Hermite equation; Laguerre and associated Laguerre equations; Bessel’s equation;
Hypergeometric equation; Beta and gamma functions.
UNIT-3 Green’s functions: Green’s functions and solutions to inhomogeneous differential equations and 7L
applications.
UNIT-4 Tensors: Covariant and Contravariant tensors, covariant derivatives, affine connections Christoffel 7L
symbols, Curvature tensor.
UNIT-5 Group Theory: Classification and examples of (finite) groups, homomorphisms, isomorphisms, 7L
representation theory for finite groups, reducible and irreducible representations, Schur’s Lemma and
orthogonality theorem.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the mathematics concepts and their applications to problems of physics.
CO2: Identify the applications of complex variables, tensors and group theory.
CO3: Learn and to apply concepts learnt in Mathematical Physics in Industry and in real life.
CO4: Learn the idea of Green Functions and its uses in different problems in physics.
Books and References
1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists by G.B. Arfken and H. J. Weber, Academic Press.
2. A Course of Modern Analysis by E.T. Whittaker and E.W. Watson, Cambridge University Press.
3. Group Theory and Applications to Physical Problems by M. Hammermesh, Dover publications, NY.
4. Theory of Linear Operator in Hilbert Space by N. I. Akhiezer and I. M. Glazman, Dover Publications.
List of Experiments
1. To study Zeeman effect.
2. Measurement of the wavelength separation of sodium D-lines using a diffraction grating and to calculate the angular
dispersive power of the grating.
3. To determine the wavelength of the Balmer series in the visible region of the hydrogen emission spectrum.
4. To study Raman spectra of a given sample.
5. To observe the Balmer series of Hydrogen using Bunsen-Kirchhoff spectroscope.
6. To study the spectrum of any source (glowing lamp, candle etc.).
7. To observe the neon spectral band’s formation in a Frank Hertz tube.
8. To study transmission spectra of a given sample using UV-visible spectroscopy.
9. To measure the value of the Rydberg constant.
10. To study the absorbance and transmittance of different samples in different wavelengths.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the various procedures and techniques for the experiments.
CO2: Use the different measuring devices and meters to record the data with precision.
CO3: Develop basic communication skills through working in groups in performing the laboratory experiments and by interpreting the
results.
Course Objectives
An ability to understand a Laser system and photonics.
An understanding of concepts of Lasers and photonics.
The broad education necessary to understand working of laser and photonics.
A knowledge of concepts like nonlinear optics and acouto-optics.
Unit Number Course Content Lectures
UNIT-01 Laser Physics: The Einstein coefficients, light amplification, the threshold condition, laser rate 8L
equations, line broadening mechanisms, cavity modes, optical resonator, quality factor, mode
selection, Q-switching, mode locking in lasers; gas lasers, solid state lasers, semiconductor
lasers and dye lasers.
UNIT-02 Laser systems and Modulators: Various common laser systems and applications, Laser 7L
modulators, Electro-optics, Accousto-optics modulators, deflectors, tunable filters.
UNIT-03 Nonlinear Optics: Nonlinear optical susceptibilities, harmonic generators, frequency 7L
conversion, phase matching, bistable device, optical switching.
UNIT-04 Photonics: optical properties of anisotropic media, wave refractive index, optical activity and 7L
Faraday effect, liquid crystals; principles of electro-optics, magneto-optics, photo refractive
materials, acousto-optics and related devices; self-focussing and Kerr effect, Basic principles
and applications of holography.
UNIT-05 Optical Fiber: Step index and graded index optical fibers, attenuation, dispersion; optical fiber 7L
communication and its advantages; optical detectors.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the laser systems and their applications.
CO2: Identify the applications of lasers and photonics.
CO3: Learn and to apply concepts learnt in laser and photonics in Industry.
CO4: Learn the idea of optical fiber communications and importance in the advancement of technologies.
Books and References
1. Laser Fundamentals by W.T. Silfvast, Cambridge University Press.
2. Optical Electronics by A. Ghatak, and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge University Press.
3. Photonics by A. Yariv, and P. Yeh, Oxford University Press.
4. Nonlinear Optics by R.W. Boyd, Academic Press.
List of Experiments
1. To understand AND, OR, NOT and XOR gates operations.
2. To study the MOSFET charcterstics.
3. To minimize a given logic circuit.
4. To design an astable multivibrator of given specifications using 555 Timer.
5. To design a monostable multivibrator of given specifications using 555 Timer.
6. To study IV characteristics of PN diode, Zener and Light emitting diode.
7. To study the characteristics of a Transistor Junctions.
8. To design a CE amplifier of a given gain (mid-gain) using voltage divider bias.
9. To design an inverting amplifier of given gain using Op-amp 741 and study its frequency response.
10. To design a non-inverting amplifier of given gain using Op-amp 741 and study its Frequency Response.
11. To study a precision Differential Amplifier of given I/O specification using Opamp.
12. To investigate the use of an op-amp as a Differentiator.
13. To design a Wien Bridge Oscillator using an op-amp.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the various procedures and techniques for the experiments.
CO2: Use the different measuring devices and meters to record the data with precision.
CO3: Develop basic communication skills through working in groups in performing the laboratory experiments and by interpreting the
results.
List of Experiments
1. Examine the spatial and optical filtering of Laser
2. Characteristics study of Diode Laser.
3. Characteristics study LED and Laser.
4. Measurement of light using Precision interferometer (Michelson interferometer)
5. Study of Fabry Perot interferometer
6. Study of Mach-Zender interferometer
7. Study of low coherence interferrometry for biological and material structure.
8. Measurement of optical parameters of single/ multimode optical fiber using Optical fiber kit.
9. Recording / reconstruction of Hologram using holographic interferrometry.
10. Optical microscope for study of various kinds of samples.
11. To develop the different crystal structures using a laser beam.
12. To study the emission spectra of optical materials.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the various procedures and techniques for the experiments.
CO2: Use the different measuring devices and meters to record the data with precision.
CO3: Develop basic communication skills through working in groups in performing the laboratory experiments and by interpreting the
results.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the metrology techniques
CO2: Apply metrology techniques.
CO3: Learn to use metrology techniques.
Books and References
1. Engineering Metrology by K.J. Hume, Macdonald and Co. London.
2. The Metrology Handbook by Jay. L. Bucher, American Society for Quality.
3. Industrial Metrology by G.T. Smith, Spinger.
4. Handbook of industrial metrology by John W. Greve, Frank W. Wilson, PHI – New Delhi.
5. Engineering Metrology by D.M. Anthony, Pergamon Press.
6. Dimensional Metrology by M.K. Khare, OXFORD-IBH Publishers.
UNIT-2 Integrated Optics: Waveguides, Coupled Mode Theory, Optical Fibers, Anisotropic 7L
Media: Crystal Optics and Polarization
UNIT-3 Quantum Nature of Light and Matter, Schrödinger Equation and Stationary States, Harmonic 7L
Oscillator and Hydrogen Atom, Wave Mechanics
UNIT-4 Dirac Formalism and Matrix Mechanics, Harmonic Oscillator Revisited, Coherent States, 7L
Interaction of Light and Mater the Two-Level Atom: Rabi-Oscillations, Density Matrix, Energy and
Phase Relaxation, Rate Equations, Dispersion, Absorption and Gain
UNIT-5 Optical Amplifiers and Lasers, Homogenous and inhomogeneous Broadening and Related Effects, 7L
Q-Switching and Mode Locking, Electro- and Acousto-Optic Modulation
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Students will understand new physical effects.
CO2: Understand the operation of current nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.
CO3: Learn quantum teleportation for processing quantum information.
CO4: Understand basic principles of quantum cryptography.
Books and References
1. Quantum Electronics by A. Yariv, John-Willey.
2. Optical Electronics by A. K. Ghatak, Cambridge University Press.
3. Laser Fundamentals by T. Silfvast William, Cambridge University Press.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Describe the Optical devices and their applications.
CO2: Identify the applications of lasers.
CO3: Write down the concepts related to lasers and photonics.
CO4: Learn to apply concepts learnt in lasers and photonics.
CO5: Learn the importance in the advancement of technologies.
Books and References
1. Laser Fundamentals by W. T. Silfvast, Cambridge University Press.
2. Fundamentals of Photonics by B.E.A. Saleh and M.C. Teich, Wiley.
3. Photonics by A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Oxford University Press.
4. Principles of Lasers by O. Svelto and D.C. Hanna, Springer.