PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

WEEK 1
Knowing yourself
OPENING PRAYER:
MOTIVATION:
I was not comfortable I was look, peer pressure; I have lot of issues in my life that leads me to vices
and bad habits. But I surpass of this all challenges. Have you ever experience this challenges too? I would like
to cope with and overcome them? Now I is the time for you to develop something in you. You need to improve
and need to change. And that change begins within you.

We will learn and become more aware of who we are and better understand ourselves and the people around
us. I will guide you in your journey in personal empowerment and become more positive as a person, to be e
best version of yourself every day and help you raise your confidence, self-motivation and more. Commit your
vision and plans in achieving your aims and goals in life.

DISCUSSION
At the end of the day, have you ever tried talking-to yourself? Or talking in a mirror? pondering yourself on how
the things or all the things happened the whole day. And as you assess how your day went, you always
discovered something in you. New skills, attitudes and even talent.
You have a lot of things to be discovered about yourself
Today we will re discover yourself, we will reflect on how you see yourself as an individual, and understand
your character particularly in your stage as young and late adolescent.

But first we will define what is what is personal development

Personal development or self-development is a process of discovering oneself by realizing one’s potentials

and capabilities that are shaped overtime either by studying in a formal school or thorough environment
factors.

Let examine yourself, specifically how you react the things your beliefs, traits and values.
This is the most complicated things to do in this world.

SELF CONCEPT
Concepts of understanding oneself from famous people in the past

1. SOCRATES
A Greek a philosopher once said “an unexamined life is not worth living, knowing yourself is the
beginning of all wisdom” KNOW THYSELF is an old maxim which has been used in varies literature and
consequently has different meanings. One of its meanings is recorded in the great encyclopaedia of knowledge
called SODA

2. THOMAS HOBBES
Also discussed his own view about the maxim from which the phrase “READ THYSELF’’ in his famous work
the LEVIATHAN. He stressed that an individual could learn more by studying others in then he or she can do
this by engaging herself in the reading books. However he infancies more by studying oneself. Thus, this
statement leads us on the realization that knowing oneself is the open door that leads on knowing others
better.

3. RENE DECARTES
Father of modern philosophy; propose his theory that a person existence depends on his/her perception. He
stated that the mind is a sea of consciousness. This means that in the mind that we know everything about
ourselves like our identity, interest, intellect, passion, feelings. Thus everything that we are comes from the
mind.

Self-concept theory – ones abstract and general idea about himself/herself, particularly our unique personality
and this perception on his/ her set of values, point of views and behaviour.

4. CARL ROGERS
According to him a humanist psychologist, there are 3 different parts of self-concept.
a. Self-image or how you see yourself. It is the mixture of different attributes including our physical
characteristics, personal traits and social rules. It doesn’t necessary coincide on the reality.
b. Self-esteem or how much you value yourself. There are different factors that influence self-esteem
including how we compare yourself to others and how other response to us
c. Ideal self or how you wish you could be. Most of the time the way we see ourselves or how we
would like to see yourself do not quite match.

5. SIGMUND FREUD
 A well know, psychologist and the creator psychoanalysis theory and the father of psychoanalysis,
proposed that there are 3 components of PERSONALITY within us. ID, EGO, SUPEREGO. That certainly play
a vital rule of how we think of ourselves. He explain that man’s personality is driven by pleasure principles.
This means that the nature of ID is to satisfy man’s desire without thinking much on the situation. This
nature is being developed at a young age or present form birth. To illustrate this idea, let us take as an
example. An infant will cry if he wants to be feed to satisfy his hunger. He cannot explain what he really wants.
They grab things they want by neither their hands not minding they hurt nor they important or not. All they want
is just to get them because they want them. If the ID wants it, the rest is no longer important.
However the ego, is the second component of personality that is develop approximately at the age of
3. This operates according to reality that makes its possible for the ID to work it in a more proper and satisfying
ways. The ego will give more socially accepted means in getting the desires and wants of a person without
getting hurting other person’s feelings. In other words, it is also the ego provide the guidelines on how to
behave accordingly while he fulfils her pleasure. This component is manifested whenever we try to satisfy our
cravings without compromising our self-image to others. Superego is in aspect of man that begins to
manifest as a child turns 5. It is the last component of personality which holds our moral judgement and
concept of right and wrong that I believe to be acquired from the family and environment. This personality is
development as man learns the culture in distinguishing from right and wrong based on the set of guidelines
and standard that is known by the people. Which is also imposed by the people in the community like parent,
teacher, elders or community as a whole. The superego directs the man’s life for him to avoid hurting others.

6. LAO TZU
Knowing others is intelligence, knowing yourself is true wisdom, mastering others is strength, mastering
yourself is true power.

ADOLESCENT
After mastering the concept of understanding oneself, it’s time to understand yourselves. How life is to
be an adolescent.

Adolescent is the period when a young individual develop from a child to adult. There are lots of
changes that happen to adolescent like you, how you look, how you take your rule in the community, how
others people expect you in making decisions on your own, and how you perceive yourself. Although the self
is one of the determinants on what we think about ourselves, it is also the result of what we think and do. Many
people believe that we are a product our own experiences, this experiences shape our unique qualities and
habits that define who we are a person or how we differ to others.

Own qualities that make you unique are characteristics

Do something regularly or repeatedly it is a habit
Skills and knowledge you have gained is called experiences because they are already done them in the past.

Let us focus when and how our characteristics, habit and experiences develop and manifest by identifying
some of the factors that may affect the person “SELF” the foundation of human behaviour, it is our sense of
identity and who we are as an individual.

Self-worth –is the evaluation of your own worth, it may be positive or negative.
Positive self-esteem – is the evaluation that is pleasing and acceptable according to your standards and
others.
Negative self-esteem is the opposite which is the feeling destruct or down and unaccepted by others
High self-esteem –is when we have the positive view of our self. Having confidence in our own ability.
Self-acceptance – not worrying others think

ACTIVITY 1 (SELF-ESTEEM SCALE)

OUR SELF-ESTEEM MAY CHANGE BY TIME TO TIME, DepENDING on the situation that we encounter in
our daily life. Since it can be a partly trait of someone may possess, it depends on how we perceive the things
coming in your way.

Self-efficacy – consider as a traits. Does not refer to your abilities but rather to your beliefs about what you
can do with your abilities. The stronger you believe the bigger of possibility to achieve a positive result. If you’re
aiming for a higher grade and confidently believing it then it will happen.

Have you tried talking yourself on the mirror? What did you see?
According to Williams James, the SELF is what happen when I reflect upon me. While Taylor describe the self
as a reflective project on how you see yourself geared toward improving ourselves depending on a lot of
practice. On the other hand Adam, a psychologist alliterated that Eventhough there are many ways on how
you reflect to improve yourself it will bring us back to 3 categories

Categories of self
 1. Social Actor – we are portraying different rules and behaving for every type of people in front of us.
Since we will care about on people think about us. It is practically for social acceptance
2. Motivated agent – people act base on their purpose, they do things base in their own dreams desire,
plan goal for the future. This though that easily identifiable because it is self-conceptualize unless it was
shared with others
3. Autobiographical author – he or she is the creator of his/her of life story. It is about how one self-
develop from his past up to the present and he or she will become in the future.

As individual, you are expected to act and decide on your own. Most people end to decide base on their
intuition and available information that could be a hindrance in making a wise decision. It could be a habit to
when our decision is always base on what is available or gather data.

Example you are applied entrance exam in 5 universities. How will you decide?

Now let have the 6 steps in making a rational decision.

1. Define the problem
2. Identify the criteria – necessary to judge the multiple option such as ( location, prestige, financial)
3. Weigh the criteria ( rank
4. Generate alternatives
5. Rate each alternative in each criteria
6. Compute the optimal decision – chose the option on the highest rating

Activity 2 (SHARING IS CARING)

This time you will have an idea on how your family member know you by letting each write your
strength and weakness are, as well as what makes you happy and angry.

Now we all learned the concept in understanding oneself, let have a review

1. “ an unexamined life is not worth living,” this is one of the famous lines once uttered by one of
the greatest philosopher of ancient Greece, Socrates
2. Sigmund Freud purpose that there are three components of personality development within us,
ID, EGO, SUPEREGO
3. Rene Descartes states that the mind is the seat of consciousness.
4. Most people tend to decide based on their intuitions and available information that could be a
hindrance in making a wise decision.
5. 6 steps on how to make a rational decision
6. Self-development means taking steps to better yourself. It is also means efforts toward self-
fulfilment.
Activity 3
Now that you were able to grasp and better understand yourself lets have our 3d and last activity which is the
ROAD MAP
Recall the most important events of your life that help you discover yourself more.

“Personal development is the never-ending chance to improve no only yourself but also to attract opportunities
and affect others” by Jim Rohn