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SOLUTIONS

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ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS

Date : 20-08-2019 TEST ID: 493


Time : 15:39:00 CHEMISTRY
Marks : 928
2.SOLUTIONS

The ratio of the value of any colligative property for KCl solution to that of sugar solution is
1.

1
a)

0.5
b)

2
c)

4
d)

2.
What would be the freezing point of aqueous solution containing 17 g of C 2 H 5 OH in 1000 g
of water. K f H O=1.86 K m
−1
2

a)
−0.69 ℃
b)
−0.34 ℃
c)
0.0 ℃
d)
0.34 ℃
3.
The osmotic pressure of a solution (density is 1 g m L−1) containing 3 g of glucose (molecular
weight = 180) in 60 g of water at 15 ℃ is

a)
0.34 atm
b)
0.65 atm
c)
6.25 atm
d)
5.57 atm
4.
The molal freezing point constant of water is 1.86 K m−1, If 342 g of cane sugar (C 12 H 22 O 11 ¿ is
dissolved in 1000 g of water, the solution will freeze at

Page|1
a)
−1.86 ℃
b)
1.86 °
c)
−3.92 ℃
d)
2.42 ℃

On mixing 10 mL of acetone with 40 mL of chloroform, the total volume of the solution is


5.

a)
¿ 50 mL
b)
¿ 50 mL
c)
¿ 50 mL

Cannot be predicted
d)

The most likely of the following mixtures to be an ideal solution is


6.

a)
NaCl− H 2 O
b)
C 2 H 5 OH −C6 H 6
c)
C 6 H 16 ( l )−H 2 O
d)
C 6 H 5 OH −H 2 O
7.
FeCl3 on reaction with K 4 ¿ in aqueous solution gives blue colour. These are separated by a
semi-permeable membrane AB as shown. Due to osmosis, there is

Blue colour formation in side X


a)

Blue colour formation in side Y


b)

Page|2
Blue colour formation in both of sides X and Y
c)

No blue colour formation


d)

A mixture of volatile components A and B has total vapour pressure (in torr)
8.

P=254−119 χ A
Where χ A is the mole fraction of A in mixture. Hence, P A ° and PB ° are (in torr)

254, 119
a)

119, 254
b)

135, 254
c)

154, 119
d)

An azeotropic solution of two liquids has boiling point lower than either of them when it
9.

Shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law


a)

Shows no deviation from Raoult’s law


b)

Shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law


c)

Is saturated
d)

Which has the maximum osmotic pressure at temperature T ?


10.

100 mL of 1 m urea solution


a)

300 mL of 1 M glucose solution


b)

Mixture of 100 mL of 1 M urea solution and 300 mL of 1 M glucose solution


c)

All are isotonic


d)

Page|3
A 5% solution of cane sugar (molecular weight = 342) is isotonic with 1% solution of
11.

substance X. The molecular weight of X is

171.2
a)

68.4
b)

34.2
c)

136.2
d)

A teacher one day pointed out to his students the peculiar fact that water is a unique liquid
12.

which freezes exactly at 0 ° C and boils exactly at 100 ℃ . He asked the students to find the
correct statement based on this fact

Water dissolves anything, however sparingly the dissolution may be


a)

Water is a polar molecule


b)

Boiling and freezing temperatures of water were used to define a temperature scale
c)

Liquid water is denser than ice


d)

The vapour pressure (VP) of a dilute solution of non-volatile solute is P and the VP of a pure
13.

solvent is P °. The lowering of the VP is

a)
+ ve
b)
−ve
c)
P/ P °
d)
P ° /P

The osmotic pressure of a solution increases if


14.

Temperature is lowered
a)

Page|4
Volume is increased
b)

Number of solute molecules is increased


c)

None of the above


d)

On mixing 10 mL of carbon tetrachloride with 10 mL of benzene, the total volume of the


15.

solution is

a)
¿ 20 mL
b)
¿ 20 m L
c)
¿ 20 mL

Cannot be predicted
d)

Azeotropic mixtures are


16.

Constant boiling point mixture without changing the composition


a)

Those which boil at different temperatures


b)

Mixtures of two solids


c)

None of the above


d)

A solution containing 4 g of a non-volatile organic solute, per 100 mL was found to have an
17.

osmotic pressure equal to 500 cm of mercury at 27 ℃ . The molecular weight of solute is

14.97
a)

149.7
b)

1697
c)

Page|5
1.497
d)

18.
When 20 g of naphthoic acid (C 11 H 8 O2) is dissolved in 50 g of benzene (k f =1.72 K kg mo l ), a
−1

freezing point depression of 2 K is observed. The van’t Hoff factor (i) is

0.5
a)

1
b)

2
c)

3
d)

When a solution is separated from a solvent by a semi-permeable membrane, then the


19.

phenomenon taking place is called as

Osmosis
a)

Diffusion
b)

Solubility
c)

None
d)

A mixture of benzene and toluene forms


20.

An ideal solution
a)

Non-ideal solution
b)

Suspension
c)

Emulsion
d)

Boiling point elevation is


21.

Additive property
a)

Constitutive property
b)

Page|6
Colligative property
c)

Partly additive and partly constitutive


d)

The Van' t Hoff factor of NaCl assuming 100% dissociation


22.

1/2
a)

2
b)

1
c)

3
d)

Which solution will have the highest boiling point?


23.

1% glucose in water
a)

1% sucrose in water
b)

1% NaCl in water
c)

d)
1 % CaCl2 in water
24.
The osmotic pressure of equimolar solutions of BaC l 2 , NaCl , and glucose follow the order

a)
BaC l 2> NaCl> Glucose

b)
Glucose> NaCl> BaC l 2

c)
NaCl> BaC l 2> Glucose

d)
NaCl>Glucose> BaC l 2

The depression in freezing point is maximum if the solvent used is


25.

Camphor
a)

Naphthalene
b)

Page|7
Benzene
c)

Water
d)

If a 6.84% (weight/volume ) solution of cane sugar (molecular weight = 342) is isotonic with
26.

1.52% (weight/volume) solution of thiocarbamide, then the molecular weight of


thiocarbamide is

152
a)

760
b)

60
c)

180
d)

12.2 g of benzoic acid (Mw=122) in 100 g benzene has depression in freezing point
27.

2. 6 ° : K f =5.2 °=kg mol . If there is 100% polymerzation, the number of molecules of benzoic
−1

acid in associated state is

1
a)

2
b)

3
c)

4
d)

Assuming each salt to be 90 % dissociated which of the following will have the highest
28.

osmotic pressure?

a)
Decinormal Al2 ¿

b)
Decinormal BaCl 2

c)
Decinormal Na2 SO 4

A solution obtained by mixing equal volumes of (b) and (c) and filtering
d)

Which statement is incorrect about osmotic pressure ( π ¿, volume (V ) and temperature (T )?


29.

Page|8
a)

, if T is constant
1
π∝
V

π ∝ T , if V is constant
b)

π ∝V , if T is constant
c)

πV is constant, ifT is constant


d)

The freezing point of 1% aqueous solution of calcium nitrate will be


30.

a)
0℃

Above 0 ℃
b)

c)
1℃

Below 0 ℃
d)

31.
The molal elevation constant of water ¿ 0.52 K m−1. The boiling point of 1.0 molal aqueous KCl
solution (assuming complete dissociation of KCl ) should be

100.52℃
a)

101.04℃
b)

99.48℃
c)

98.96℃
d)

The freezing point of 1 m NaCl solution assuming NaCl to be 100% dissociated in water is (
32.

K f =1.86 K m−1)

a)
−1.86 ℃
b)
−3.72 ℃
c)
+1.86 ℃
d)
+3.72 ℃

The freezing point of a 0.05 molal solution of non-electrolyte in water is


33.

Page|9
−1
(K f =1.86 K m )

a)
−1.86 ℃
b)
−0.93 ℃

c)
−0.093 ℃
d)
0.093 ℃
34.
An aqueous solution freezes at −0.186 ℃ (K ¿ ¿ f =1.86 ° ; K b=0.512 °)¿. What is the elevation in
boiling point?

0.186
a)

0.512
b)

c)
0.512
1.86

0.0512
d)

For a dilute solution, Raoult’s law states that


35.

The lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of the solute
a)

The relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of the solute
b)

The relative lowering of vapour pressure is proportional to the amount of solute in the
c)

solution

The vapour pressure of the solution is equal to the mole fraction of the solvent
d)

Based on the given diagram, which of the following statements regarding the solutions of
36.

two miscible volatile liquids are correct?

Plots AD and BC show that Raoult''s law is obeyed for the solution in which B is a
solvent and A is the solute and as well as for that in which. A is solvent and B is solute

Plot CD shows that Dalton''s law of partial pressures is observed by the binary solutions of
components A and B

P a g e | 10
EF+ EG =EH ; and AC and BD corresponds to the vapour pressures of the pure
solvents A and B, respectively

Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Codes:

1 and 2
a)

2 and 3
b)

1 and 3
c)

1, 2, and 3
d)

An aqueous solution of methanol in water has vapour pressure


37.

Equal to that of water


a)

Equal to that of methanol


b)

More than that of water


c)

Less than that of water


d)

Solution distilled without change in composition at a temperature is called


38.

Amorphous
a)

Azeotropic mixture
b)

c)

P a g e | 11
Ideal solution

Super saturated solution


d)

The osmotic pressure of a 5% (weight/volume) solution of cane sugar at 150 ℃ is


39.

a)
4 atm
b)
3.4 atm
c)
5.078 atm
d)
2.45 atm

The lowering of vapour pressure due to a solute in a 1 m aqueous solution at 100 ℃ is


40.

13.44 torr
a)

14.12 torr
b)

312 torr
c)

352 torr
d)

If a thin slice of sugar beet is placed in concentrated solution of NaCl , then


41.

Sugar beet will lose water from its cells


a)

Sugar beet will absorb water from solution


b)

Sugar beet will neither absorb nor lose water


c)

Sugar beet will dissolve in solution


d)

42.
Two solutions of KNO3 and CH 3COOH are prepared separately. The molarity of both is 0.1 M
and osmotic pressure P1 and P2 respectively

The correct relationship between the osmotic pressures is

P a g e | 12
a)
P2 > P1
b)
P1=P2
c)
P1 > P2
d)
P1 P2
=
P 1+ P 2 P 1 + P2

The osmotic pressure of a dilute solution is directly proportional to the


43.

Diffusion rate of the solute


a)

Ionic concentration
b)

Boiling point
c)

Flow of solvent from a concentrated solution


d)

Each pair forms ideal solution except


44.

a)
C 2 H 5 Br andC 2 H 5 I
b)
C 6 H 5 ClandC 6 H 5 Br
c)
C 6 H 6 andC 6 H 5 ∙CH 3
d)
C 2 H 6 I andC 2 H 5 OH
45.
The Henry’s law constant for the solubility of N 2 gas in water at 298 K is 1.0 ×105 atm . The
mole fraction of N 2 In air is 0.8 The number of moles of N 2 from air dissolved in 10 moles
of water of 298 K and 5 atm pressure is

a)
−4
4 ×10
b)
−5
4.0 × 10
c)
−4
5.0 ×10
P a g e | 13
d)
−6
4.0 × 10
46.
The use of common salts, e.g NaCl orCaCl 2 anhydrous is made to clear snow on the rods. This
causes:

A lowering in the freezing point of water


a)

A lowering in the melting point of ice


b)

Ice melts at the temperature of atmosphere present at that time


c)

All of the above


d)

The relative decrease in the vapour pressure of an aqueous solution containing 2 mol ¿ in 3
47.

mol H 2 O is 0.50. On reaction with AgNO3, this solution will form

a)
1 mol AgCl
b)
0.25 mol AgCl

c)
2 mol AgCl
d)
0.40 mol AgCl

Which of the following 0.1 M aqueous solutions will have the lowest freezing point?
48.

Potassium sulphate
a)

Sodium chloride
b)

Urea
c)

Glucose
d)

An azeotropic mixture of HCl and water has


49.

84% of HCl
a)

22.2% HCl
b)

63% of HCl
c)

P a g e | 14
20.2% HCl
d)

50.
25 mL of an aqueous solution of KCl was found to require 20 mL of 1 M AgNO3 solution when
titrated using a K 2 CrO 4 as indicator. The depression in freezing point of KCl solution with
100% ionization will be:

¿ ¿and molarity = molality)

a)
5.0 °
b)
3.2 °
c)
1.6 °
d)
0.8 °

Which condition is not satisfied by an ideal solution?


51.

a)
∆ mix H=0
b)
∆ mix V =0

c)
∆ mix S=0

Obeyance of Raoult’s law


d)

52.
When 0.004 M N a2 S O4 is an isotonic acid with 0.01 M glucose, the degree of dissociation of
N a2 S O4 is

75%
a)

50%
b)

25%
c)

85%
d)

53.
The correct relationship between the boiling points of very dilute solutions of AlCl3 (t 1) and
CaCl2(t 2 ¿ , having the same molar concentration, is

a)
t 1=t 2

P a g e | 15
b)
t 1> t 2
c)
t 2> t 1
d)
t 2 ≥ t1

The osmotic pressure of a sugar solution at 24 ℃ is 2.5 atm. The concentration of the
54.

solution in mole per liter is

10.25
a)

1.025
b)

1025
c)

0.1025
d)

The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture of water and ethyl alcohol is less than that of the
55.

theoretical value of water and alcohol mixture. Hence the mixture shows

The solution is highly saturated


a)

Positive deviation from Raoult's law


b)

Negative deviation from Raoult's law


c)

Nothing can be said


d)

The freezing point among the following equimolal aqueous solutions will be highest for
56.

C 6 H 5 N H 3 Cl (aniline hydrochloride)
a)

b)
Ca ( N O3 ) 2

c)
La ( N O3 )3

C 6 H 12 O6 (glucose)
d)

Which aqueous solution has minimum freezing point?


57.

P a g e | 16
0.0 1M NaCl
a)

b)
0.005 M C 2 H 5 OH
c)
0.005 M Mg I 2
d)
0.005 M Mg SO 4

The osmotic pressure of blood is 7.40 atm at 27 ℃ . The number of mol of glucose to be used
58.

per liter for an intravenous injection that is to have the same osmotic pressure as blood is

0.3
a)

0.2
b)

0.1
c)

0.4
d)

Which is not a colligative property?


59.

Lowering of vapour pressure


a)

Freezing point
b)

Osmotic pressure
c)

Elevation in boiling point


d)

Semi-permeable membrane is chemically


60.

Copper ferrocyanide
a)

Copper ferricyanide
b)

Copper sulphate
c)

Potassium ferrocyanide
d)

61.

P a g e | 17
A pressure cooker reduces cooking time because

Heat is more evenly distributed


a)

Boiling point of water inside the cooker is increased


b)

The high pressure tenderizes the food


c)

All of the above


d)

Isotonic solutions are those which have


62.

Same osmotic pressure


a)

Same molarity
b)

Same density
c)

Same normality
d)

63.
The depression in freezing point of 0.01 m aqueous CH 3 COOH solution is 0.02046 ° . 1 m urea
solution freezes at −1.86 ℃ . Assuming molality equal to molarity. pH of CH 3 COOH solution is

2
a)

3
b)

3.2
c)

4.2
d)

Osmosis is the spontaneous flow through a semi-permeable membrane of


64.

A less concentrated solution into more concentrated solution


a)

P a g e | 18
The solvent from a solution of lower concentration to one of higher concentration
b)

Solute particles from a solution of higher concentration to one of lower concentration


c)

None
d)

A molal solution is one that contains 1 mol of a solute in


65.

1000 g of solvent
a)

1 L of solvent
b)

1 L of solution
c)

22.4 L of solution
d)

The osmotic pressure of a non-aqueous solution is measured by


66.

Berkeley and Hartley method


a)

Pfeffer's method
b)

Morse and Frazer method


c)

Townend's method
d)

The solutions in which the blood cells retain their normal shape, with regard to the blood, are
67.

Isotonic
a)

Hypertonic
b)

Hypotonic
c)

None
d)

An example of colligative property is


68.

a)

P a g e | 19
Freezing point

Boiling point
b)

Vapour pressure
c)

Osmotic pressure
d)

The osmotic pressure of a dilute solution is given by


69.

a)
P=P 0 × N 1
b)
πV =nRT
c)
∆ P=P0 N 2
d)
∆ P P °−P S
=
P° P°

The osmotic pressure of a solution containing 0.1 mol of solute per liter at 273 K is
70.

a)
0.1
×0.08205 × 273 atm
1
b)
0.1 ×2 ×0.08205 × 273 atm

c)
1
×0.08205 × 273 atm
0.1
d)
0.1 273
× atm
1 0.08205

The freezing point of a solution prepared from 1.25 g of non-electrolyte and 20 g of water is
71.

271.9K. If the molar depression constant is 1.86 K mol−1 , then molar mass of the solute will
be

105.7
a)

106.7
b)

115.3
c)

93.9
d)

72.

P a g e | 20
The mole fraction of component A in vapour phase is χ 1 and mole fraction of component A
in liquid mixture is χ 2 ( P A ° = vapour pressure of pure A; PB ° = vapour pressure of pure B).
Then total vapour pressure of the liquid mixture is

a)
P A ° χ2
χ1
b)
P A ° χ1
χ2
c)
P A ° χ1
χ2
d)
PB ° χ 2
χ1

Dissolving 120 g of urea (mol. Wt. 60) in1000 g of water gave a solution of density 1.15
73.

g/mL. The molarity of the solution is

1.78M
a)

2.00M
b)

2.05M
c)

2.22M
d)

Which of the following solutions has the minimum freezing point


74.

1 molal NaCl solution


a)

1 molal KCl solution


b)

c)
1 molal CaC l 2 solution

1 molal urea solution


d)

75.
If P ° and Ps are vapour pressures of solvent and its solution, respectively, χ 1 and χ 2 are mole
fractions of solvent and solute, respectively, then

a)
P a g e | 21
Ps =P° / χ 2
b)
0
P −P s=P ° χ 2
c)
Ps =P° χ 2
d)
P ° −P s χ1
=
Ps χ 1+ χ 2

When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of potassium iodide,


76.

Freezing point is raised


a)

Freezing point is lowered


b)

Freezing point does not change


c)

Boiling point does not change


d)

The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10 mm of Hg when a non-volatile solute was


77.

added to the solvent. The mole fraction of solute in solution is 0.2, what would be the mole
fraction of solvent if the decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg

0.8
a)

0.6
b)

0.4
c)

0.2
d)

Which of the following solutions has the maximum freezing point?


78.

1 molar of NaCl solution


a)

1 molar of KCl solution


b)

c)
1 molar of CaC l 2 solution

1 molar of urea solution


d)

If Raoult's law is obeyed, the vapour pressure of the solvent in a solution is directly
79.

proportional to

P a g e | 22
The mole fraction of the solvent
a)

The mole fraction of the solute


b)

The mole fraction of the solvent and solute


c)

The volume of the solution


d)

80.
The vapour pressure of pure benzene C 6 H 6 at 50 ℃ is 268 torr. How many moles of non-
volatile solute per mole of benzene is required to prepare a solution of benzene having a
vapour pressure of 167 torr at 50 ℃ ?

0.377
a)

0.605
b)

0.623
c)

0.395
d)

81.
The value of K f for water is 1.86 ° , calculated from glucose solution. The value of K f for water
calculated for NaCl solution will be

a)
¿ 1.86
b)
¿ 1.86

c)
¿ 1.86

Zero
d)

Which of the following solutions (1 molal) will have the maximum freezing point, assuming
82.

equal ionization in each case?

a)
¿
b)
¿

c)
¿
d)
¿

P a g e | 23
The mole fraction of toluene in the vapour phase which is in equilibrium with a solution of
83.

benzene (P¿¿ B °=120 torr)¿ and toluene ( PT °=80torr ¿ having 2.0 mol of each is

0.50
a)

0.25
b)

0.60
c)

0.40
d)

When common salt is dissolved in water


84.

The melting point of the solution increases


a)

The boiling point of solution decreases


b)

Both melting point and boiling point decrease


c)

The boiling point of the solution increases


d)

What will be the molecular weight of NaCl determined experimentally following elevation in the
85.

boiling point or depression in freezing point method?

a)
¿ 58.5
b)
¿ 58.5
c)
¿ 58.5

None
d)

86.
0.004 M N a2 S O4 is isotonic with 0.01 M glucose.Degree of dissociation of N a2 S O4 is

75%
a)

50%
b)

25%
c)

P a g e | 24
85%
d)

The molecular weight of benzoic acid in benzene as determined by depression in the freezing
87.

point method corresponds to

Ionization of benzoic acid


a)

Dimerization of benzoic acid


b)

Trimerization of benzoic acid


c)

Solvation of benzoic acid


d)

PtCl 4 . 6 H 2 O can exist as a hydrated complex; 1 m aqueous solution has the depression in
88.

freezing point of 3.72 °. Assume 100% ionization and K f ( H 2 O ) =1.86 °mol kg, then the
−1

complex is

a)
¿
b)
¿

c)
¿
d)
¿

The molal depression constant for water in 1.86 ℃ . The freezing point of a 0.05-molal
89.

solution of a non electrolyte in water is

a)
−1.86 ℃
b)
−0.93 ℃
c)
−0.093 ℃
d)
0.93 ℃

Which of the following will have the highest boiling point at 1 atm pressure?
90.

0.1 M NaCl
a)

0.1 M sucrose
b)

P a g e | 25
c)
0.1 M BaC l 2

0.1 M glucose
d)

Blood has been found to be isotonic with


91.

Normal saline solution


a)

Saturated NaCl solution


b)

Saturated KCl solution


c)

Saturated solution of a 1 : 1 mixture of NaCl and KCl


d)

Dry air was passed successively through a solution of 5 g of a solute in 180 g of water and
92.

then through pure water. The loss in the weight of solution was 2.50 g and that of pure
solvent 0.04 g. The molecular weight of the solute is

31.25
a)

3.125
b)

312.5
c)

None
d)

93.
The factor ∆ T f / K f represents

Molarity
a)

Formality
b)

Normality
c)

Molality
d)

94.
The elevation in boiling point of a solution of13.44 g of CuC l 2in 1 kg of water using the
following information will be (molecular weight of CuC l 2=134.4 and k b=0.52 K m ¿
−1

0.16
a)

P a g e | 26
0.05
b)

0.1
c)

0.2
d)

A perfectly semi-permeable membrane when use to separate a solution from its solvent
95.

permits through it the passage of

Solute only
a)

Solvent only
b)

Both (a) and (b)


c)

None
d)

Which of the following substances will lose its whose solubility with increase in
96.

temperature?

a)
NaOH
b)
Na2 CO 3
c)
Na2 SO 4

All
d)

The relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of the non- volatile
97.

solute. This statement was given by

Raoult
a)

Henry
b)

Joule
c)

Dalton
d)

98.
The total vapour pressure of a mixture of 1 mol A ( P A ° =150 torr) and 2 mol B ¿ ¿ 240 torr ¿ is
200 mm. In this case

a)

P a g e | 27
There is positive deviation from Raoult’s law

There is negative deviation from Raoult’s law


b)

There is no deviation from Raoult’s law


c)

Molecular masses of A and B are also required


d)

The Van’t Hoff factor of very dilute solution of Ca ¿ ¿ is


99.

1
a)

2
b)

3
c)

4
d)

Lowering in vapour pressure is highest for


100.

0.2 m urea
a)

0.1 m glucose
b)

c)
0.1 m Mg SO 4
d)
0.1 m BaCl 2

Which salt shows maximum osmotic pressure in its 1 m solution


101.

a)
AgNO3
b)
Na2 SO 4
c)
¿¿
d)
MgCl 2

The osmotic pressure of 40% (weight/volume) urea solution is 1.64 atm and that of 3.42%
102.

(weight/volume) cane sugar is 2.46 atm. When equal volumes of the above two solutions are
mixed, the osmotic pressure of the resulting solution is

a)
P a g e | 28
1.64 atm
b)
2.46 atm
c)
4.10 atm
d)
2.05 atm

Which solution will show maximum elevation in boiling point?


103.

0.1 M KCl
a)

b)
0.1 M BaCl 2
c)
0.1 MFeCl 3
d)
0.1 M Fe2 ¿ ¿

An ideal solution was obtained by mixing methanol and ethanol. If the partial vapour
104.

pressure of methanol and ethanol are 2.619 kPa and 4.556 kPa, respectively, the composition
of vapour (in terms of mole fraction) will be

a)
0.635 MeOH , 0.365 EtOH

b)
0.365 MeOH , 0.635 EtOH

c)
0.574 MeOH , 0.326 EtOH

d)
0.173 MeOH , 0.827 EtOH

The colligative properties of a solution depend on


105.

The number of solute particles present in it


a)

The chemical nature of the solute particles present in it


b)

The nature of the solvent used


c)

P a g e | 29
None
d)

At 40 ℃ , the vapour pressures of pure liquids, benzene and toluene are 160 mm Hg and 60
106.

mm Hg, respectively. At the same temperature, the vapour pressure of an equimolar


solution of the two liquids, assuming the ideal solution, should be

140 mm Hg
a)

110 mm Hg
b)

220 mm Hg
c)

100 mm Hg
d)

pH of a 0.1 M monobasic acid is found to be 2. Hence, its osmotic pressure at a given


107.

temperature T K is

a)
0.1 RT
b)
0.11 RT
c)
1.1 RT
d)
0.01 RT

Equimolal solutions A and B show depression in freezing point in the ratio 2:1. A remains in the
108.

normal state in solution. B will be

Normal in solution
a)

Dissociated in solution
b)

Associated in solution
c)

Hydrolysed in solution
d)

A solution containing 8.6 g urea in 1 L was found to be isotonic with a 5% (weight/volume)


109.

solution of organic non-volatile solute. The molecular weight of latter is

348.9
a)

34.89
b)

c)
P a g e | 30
3489

861.2
d)

110.
If P0 and Ps are the V.P. of solvent and solution respectively and N 1 and N 2 are the mole of
solute and solvent then :

a)
( P0 −P s ) N1
=
P0 ( N 1+ N 2)

b)
( P ¿ ¿ 0−Ps ) N 1
= ¿
Ps N2

c)
(P0 −P s ) N 1
=
P0 N2

None of these
d)

Which of the following is/are not affected by temperature?


111.

Molarity
a)

Molality
b)

Normality
c)

Mole fraction
d)

A difference between diffusion and osmosis is


112.

A semi-permeable membrane is required for osmosis while diffusion requires no semi-


a)

permeable membrane

In osmosis movement of molecules is only in one direction whereas in diffusion movement is


b)

on both sides

In osmosis only the solvent moves while in diffusion both solute and solvent move
c)

None of the above


d)

113.

P a g e | 31
Consider the two solutions:
I: 0.5 M NaCl aqueous solution at 25 ℃ ; NaCl is complete ionized
II: 2.0 M C 6 H 5 COOH in benzene at 25 ℃ , C 6 H 5 COOH dimerizes to the full extent
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

Both the solutions display equal osmotic pressure


a)

Both have equal vapour pressure


b)

Solution II is hypertonic
c)

Solution II has greater depression in freezing point than solution I


d)

The dissolution of which of the following compounds is exothermic


114.

a)
N a2 S O 4
b)
NaOH
c)
CaC l 2
d)
LiBr
115.
2 L of 1 molar solution of a complex salt CrC l 3 .6 H 2 O(Mw=266.5) shows an osmotic pressure
of 98.52 atm. The solution is now treated with 1 L of 6 M AgN O3, which of the following are
correct?

Weight of AgCl precipitated is 861 g


a)

The clear solution will show an osmotic pressure of 98.52 atm


b)

The clear solution will shown an osmotic pressure of 65.68 atm


c)

d)
2 mol of [ Cr ( H 2 O )6 ] ( N O 3 )3 will be present in solution

For a non-volatile solute


116.

a)

P a g e | 32
The vapour pressure of a solute is zero

Vapour pressure of solution = Vapour pressure of pure solvent


b)

Vapour pressure of solution = Vapour pressure of solvent in solution


c)

All of the above


d)

117.
Two miscible liquids A and B having vapour pressure in pure state P A ° and PB ° are mixed in
mole fraction χ A and χ B to get a mixture having total vapour pressure of mixture P M . Which
of the following relations are correct?

a)
PM −PB °
χ A=
P A °−PB °
b)
χ A (l) PM
'
=
χ A (v)
PA °

c)
χ A (l) PM
'
=
χ A (v)
PB °

All of these
d)

Which of the following form is an ideal solution?


118.

Ethyl bromide + Ethyl iodide


a)

Ethyl alcohol + Water


b)

Chloroform + Benzene
c)

Benzene + Toluene
d)

The vapour pressure of a dilute solution of a solute is influenced by :


119.

Temperature of solution
a)

Mole fraction of solute


b)

c)

P a g e | 33
Melting point of solute

Degree of dissociation of solute


d)

The following is a graph plotted between the vapour pressure of two volatile liquids against
120.

their respective mole fractions

Which of the following statement is/are correct?

a)
When χ A =1 and χ B=0 , then P=P A °
b)
When χ B=1 and χ A =0, then P=P B °

c)
When χ A =1 and χ B=0 , then P< P B °
d)
When χ B=1 and χ A =0, then P> P A °

A maxima or minima is obtained in the temperature. The composition curve of a mixture of


121.

two liquids does not indicate

That the liquids are immiscible with one another


a)

That the liquids are partially miscible at the maximum or minimum


b)

An azeotropic mixture
c)

A eutectic formation
d)

Effect of adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent is:


122.

To lower the vapour pressure


a)

To increase its freezing point


b)

To increase its boiling point


c)

P a g e | 34
To decrease its osmotic pressure
d)

Which pair(s) of liquids on mixing is/are expected to show no net volume change and no heat
123.

effect?

Acetone and ethanol


a)

Chlorobenzene and bromobenzene


b)

Chloroform and benzene


c)

n -Butyl chloride and n -butyl bromide


d)

124.

Choose the correct option:

A represents vapour composition and B liquid composition


a)

A as well as B represent liquid composition


b)

Both A and B represent vapour composition


c)

A represents liquid composition and B vapour composition


d)

The processes of getting fresh water from sea water is/are known as :
125.

Osmosis
a)

Filtration
b)

Desaltation
c)

Reverse osmosis
d)

Which statement (s) is/are correct about osmotic pressure (P), volume (V ) and temperature
126.

(T ) ?

P a g e | 35
P ∝1/V if T is constant
a)

b)
P ∝T if V is constant

P ∝V if T is constant
c)

PV is constant if T is constant
d)

The solution (s) which will boil at the highest temperature is/are
127.

0.1 M urea
a)

b)
0.1 M HN O3
c)
0.1 M Ca ( N O3 )2
d)
0.1 M BaC l 2

Which of the following statements is/are false for a solution of chloroform and acetone?
128.

The solution formed is an ideal solution


a)

The solution formed is a non-ideal solution with positive deviation from Raoult’s law
b)

The solution formed is a non-ideal solution with negative deviation from Raoult’s law
c)

The solution behaves ideally or non-ideally depending upon its composition


d)

Which of the following statements is/are true about an azeotropic mixture?


129.

An azeotropic mixture boils at constant temperature


a)

The composition of an azetropic mixture changes on distillation


b)

An azeotropic solution of two liquids has a boiling point lower than that of either of them
c)

when it shows positive deviation from the Raoult’s law

d)
P a g e | 36
An azetropic solution of two liquids has a boiling point higher than that of either of them if it
shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law

A mixture of two immiscible liquids A and B, having vapour pressure in pure state obeys the
130.

following relationship if χ A and χ B are mole fractions of A and B in vapour phase over the
solution

a)
' '
P A =PM χ A

b)
'
PA W A × M wB
'
=
P B
M w A ×W B

c)
If P A > P B then χ A < χ B
' ' ' '

d)
If P A > P B then n A >n B
' '

For a given value of degree of dissociation, which of the following have correct Van’t Hoff
131.

factor?

a)
NaCl , i=2+α
b)
Ca ( N O3 ) 2 , i=1+2 α

c)
K 4 [ F e3 ( CN )6 ] ,i=1+ 4 α
d)
( N H 3 )3 P O 4 ,i=3+ α

Osmotic pressure of a solution is


132.

Directly proportional to the molar concentration of the solution


a)

Inversely proportional to the molecular weight of the solute


b)

Inversely proportional to the temperature


c)

Directly proportional to the volume of the solution


d)

Osmotic pressure in dilute solution is


133.

P a g e | 37
Inversely proportional to the moles of non-volatile solution
a)

Directly proportional to temperature


b)

Directly proportional to the molarity of solution


c)

Independent of temperature and moles of solute dissolved


d)

Which of the following statements is/are correct?


134.

The freezing point of water is depressed by the addition of glucose


a)

The degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte decrease as its concentration decreases


b)

Energy is released when a substance dissolves in water provided that the hydration energy
c)

of the substance is more than its lattice energy

If two liquids that form an ideal solution are mixed, the change in entropy is positive
d)

Among 1% solution of urea, glucose and sucrose :


135.

The vapour pressure and freezing point are the lowest for urea
a)

The vapour pressure and boiling point are the lowest for urea
b)

The depression in freezing point is the highest for urea


c)

The elevation in boiling point is the highest for urea


d)

Which of the following represent(s) correctly the changes in thermodynamic properties


136.

during the formation of 1 mole of an ideal binary solution?

a)

P a g e | 38
b)

c)

d)

Which the following statements is/are correct?


137.

Minimum boiling azeotropic mixture boils at temperature lower than either of the two pure
a)

components

Maximum boiling azeotropic mixture boils at temperature higher than either of the two pure
b)

components

Minimum boiling azeotropic mixture shows positive deviation


c)

Maximum boiling azeotropic mixture shows negative deviation


d)

The colligative properties of a solution is/are :


138.

∝molality
a)

∝ 1/molecular weight
b)

P a g e | 39
Proportional to each other
c)

None of the above


d)

Molecular weight of urea is 60. A solution of urea containing 6 g of urea in one litre is a
139.

1N
a)

0.1 M
b)

0.1 N
c)

1M
d)

140.
If P0 and Ps are the V.P. of solvent and its solution respectively and N 1 and N 2 are the mole
fraction of solvent and solute respectively then :

a)
Ps =P0 N 2

b)
P0−P s=P0 N 2

c)
Ps =P0 N 1

d)
(P0−P s )/P s=N 1 /(N 1+ N 2)

Ideal solution is formed when its components :


141.

Have zero heat of mixing


a)

Have zero volume change


b)

Obey Raoult’s law


c)

Can be converted into gases


d)

In the depression in freezing point experiment, it is found that


142.

a)
P a g e | 40
The vapour pressure of the solution is less than that of pure solvent

The vapour pressure of the solution is more than that of pure solvent
b)

Only solute molecules solidify at freezing point


c)

Only solvent molecules solidify at freezing point


d)

The osmotic pressure (s) of a decimolar solution of glucose at 30ͦ C is/are :


143.

24.88 atm
a)

2.488 atm
b)

0.248 atm
c)

189.09 cm
d)

By adding water to the solution of ionic compound its :


144.

Concentration remains same


a)

Concentration increases
b)

Ionization may increase


c)

Concentration decreases
d)

145.
On mixing 1 mole of C 6 H 6 ( P0 = 42 mm) and 2 mole of C 7 H 8 ( P0 = 36 mm), one can conclude :

Total vapour pressure of mixture = 38 mm


a)

b)

Mole fraction of vapours of C 6 H 6 above liquid mixture ¿ .


7
19

Positive deviation from Raoult’s law


c)

Ideal solution of two


d)

P a g e | 41
Consider the following solutions
146.

I. 1 M sucrose

II. 1 M KCl

III. 1 M benzoic acid in benzene

IV. 1 M ( N H 3 )3 P O 4

Which of the following is/are true?

All solutions are isotonic


a)

III is hypotonic of I, II, and IV


b)

I, II, and III are hypertonic of IV


c)

IV is hypertonic of I, II, and III


d)

What happens when glycerine is added to a litre of water?


147.

The freezing point of the water is lowered


a)

The boiling point of the water in increased


b)

The viscosity of the water is increased


c)

The temperature of the water is increased


d)

148.
1 mol benzene (Pbenzene =42 mm) and 2 mol toluene (P ° toluene =36 mm) will have
°

Total vapour pressure of 38 mm


a)

Mole fraction of vapour of benzene above liquid mixture is 7/19


b)

Positive deviation from Raoult’s law


c)

Negative deviation from Raoult’s law


d)

149.
P a g e | 42
Consider the following graph pertaining to distillation. The distillate to residue ratio is

a)
l
12+l 2
b)
l x1
l x2
c)
ll 1
ll 2
d)
ll 2
ll 1

Which are colligative properties?


150.

Boiling point
a)

Osmotic pressure
b)

Elevation in freezing point


c)

Depression in freezing point


d)

151.
Which relations are not correct for an aqueous dilute solution of K 3 PO 4 if its degree of
dissociation is α ?

a)
∆ P Molality ×18 ×(1+3 α )
=
P° 1000
b)
∆ P π obs ×18 ×(1+3 α )
=
P° RT × 1000

c)
∆ P ∆ T f obs × 18
=
P° K f ×1000
P a g e | 43
d)
Mw of K 3 PO 4=M w obs ×(1+ 3 α )
152.
Among 0.1 M solutions of N H 2 CON H 2 , N a2 P O 4 and A l 2 ( S O 4 )3 :

The vapour pressure and freezing point are the lowest for urea
a)

The vapour pressure and freezing point are the highest for urea
b)

c)
The elevation in boiling point is the highest for A l 2 ( S O 4 )3

d)
The depression in freezing point is the highest for Al2 ( SO 4 )3

Which of the following statements is/are correct?


153.

Patrol is a homogeneous mixture of alkanes


a)

Heterogeneous mixtures have variable compositions in different parts of the sample


b)

Homogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout the sample


c)

Alloys are heterogeneous mixtures of metals


d)

Which of the following combinations are correct for a binary solution, in which the solute as
154.

well as solvent are liquid?

a)
C 6 H 6 andC 6 H 5 C H 3 ; ∆ sol H >0 ; ∆ sol V =0

b)

||
O

C H 3 −C−C H 3andCHC l 3 ; ∆ sol H <0 ; ∆sol V < 0

c)
H 2 Oand HCl ; ∆ sol H >0 ; ∆ sol V <0

d)
H 2 Oand C H 2 OH ; ∆ sol H >0 ; ∆sol V < 0

When acetone and chloroform are mixed, hydrogen bonding takes place between them. Such
155.

P a g e | 44
a liquid pair will cause

Positive deviation from Raoult’s law


a)

Negative deviation form Raoult’s law


b)

No deviation form Raoult’s law


c)

Cannot be predicted
d)

At constant temperature, the osmotic pressure(s) of solution (s) is/are :


156.

Directly proportional to the concentration


a)

Inversely proportional to the molecular weight of solute


b)

Directly proportional to the square of the concentration


c)

Directly proportional to the square root of the concentration


d)

157.
To 10 mL of 1 M BaC l 2 solution of 5 mL of 0.5 M K 2 S O 4 is added. BaS O 4 is precipitated out.
What will happen?

Freezing point will increase


a)

Boiling point will increase


b)

Freezing point will lower down


c)

Boiling point will lower down


d)

Which inorganic precipitate(s) act(s) as semipermeable membrane?


158.

Calcium phosphate
a)

Barium oxalate
b)

Nickel phosphate
c)

P a g e | 45
Copper ferrocyanide
d)

Which of the following is/are true?


159.

For the same solution, elevation in boiling point = depression in freezing point
a)

b)
The Van’t Hoff factor for a dilute solution of BaC l 2 is 3

The elevation in boiling point is due to increase in vapour pressure


c)

The depression in freezing point is due to decrease in vapour pressure


d)

Which of the following forms ideal solution?


160.

a)
C 6 H 5 Cl — C6 H 5 Br

b)
C 6 H 6 — C6 H 5 C H 3

Hexane-heptane
c)

None of these
d)

At what temperature(s) a 5% solution (wt./vol.) of glucose will develop an osmotic pressure


161.

of 7 atm?

33.94 K
a)

306.94 K
b)

273 K
c)

33.94ͦ C
d)

Which of the following solutions will boil at the highest temperature?


162.

0.1 M urea
a)

b)
P a g e | 46
0.1 M sodium nitrate

0.1 M calcium nitrate


c)

0.1 M barium chloride


d)

The osmotic pressure of a solution depends on


163.

Nature of solute
a)

Nature of solvent
b)

Temperature
c)

Molar concentration of solute


d)

For an ideal binary liquid system :


164.

The change in enthalpy (∆ H ) is zero


a)

Raoult’s law is obeyed


b)

Change in volume (∆ V ¿ is zero


c)

None of the above


d)

The ideal solutions are formed when on mixing :


165.

a)
∆ H mix=0
b)
∆ V mix=0
c)
∆ Gmix >0
d)
∆ S mix >0
166.
1.2575 g sample of [ Cr ( N H 3) 6 ] S O 4 Cl (Mw=251.5) is dissolved to prepare 250 mL solution
showing an osmotic pressure of 1.478 atm of Hg at27 ℃ . Which of the following statements
is/are correct about this solution?

P a g e | 47
Each molecule furnishes three ions in solution
a)

The Van’t Hoff factor is = 3


b)

c)
The equilibrium molarity of [ Cr ( N H 3) 6 ] S O 4 Cl=0

d)
The equilibrium molarity of [ Cr ( N H 3) 6 ]
3+¿=0.02 M ¿

215.

p A =¿ partial pressure of component A in liquid mixture, P A °=¿ vapour pressure of A, χ A =¿


mole fraction of A in liquid mixture
216.

217.

M w N =¿ Norma molecular mass of solute


M w2=¿ Observed molecular of solute from colligative property measurement
218.

219.

220.

Match the following:


221.

222.

223.

224.

225.

P a g e | 48
226.

When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a solvent, the relative lowering of vapour pressure
227.

is equal to

Concentration of the solute in gram 100 mL


a)

Mole fraction of solute


b)

Mole fraction of solvent


c)

Concentration of the solute in gram per litre


d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 228 to - 228

The phase diagram for the pure solvent and solution are recorded below. The quantity
228.

indicated by L in the figure is

a)
∆p
b)
k b∙ m
c)
kf m
d)
m

Paragraph for Question Nos. 229 to - 229

Molality of the solution is


229.

0.322
a)

0.222
b)

P a g e | 49
0.413
c)

0.5
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 230 to - 230

The vapour pressure of solution at 293 K


230.

0.0229
a)

0.4
b)

0.6
c)

0.9
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 231 to - 231

A plant cell shrinks when it is kept in:


231.

Hypotonic solution
a)

Hypertonic solution
b)

Isotonic solution
c)

Pure water
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 232 to - 232

The azeotropic solutions of two miscible liquids


232.

Can be separated by simple distillation


a)

May show positive or negative deviation from Raoult’s law


b)

Are supersaturated
c)

Behave like single pure component and boil at a fixed temperature


d)

P a g e | 50
Paragraph for Question Nos. 233 to - 233

The percentage composition of solute in the solution is


233.

17.89
a)

27.89
b)

37.89
c)

47.89
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 234 to - 234

Benzoic acid undergoes dimerization in benzene solution. The Van’t Hoff factor i is related to
234.

the degree of association α of the acid as

a)
i=2−α
b)
i=1+ ( α /3 )
c)
i=1− ( α /2 )
d)
i=1+ ( α /2 )

Paragraph for Question Nos. 235 to - 235

Indicate the number of solutions which is/are isotonic


235.

1 only
a)

3 only
b)

4 only
c)

2 only
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 236 to - 237

Which of the following is a better reagent for depression in freezing point but not for
236.

P a g e | 51
elevation in boiling point?

a)
C H 3 OH
b)

c)

d)
C 6 H 12 O6

Paragraph for Question Nos. 237 to - 238

The freezing point of the solution M is


237.

268.7 K
a)

268.5 K
b)

150.9 K
c)

268.7 K
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 238 to - 239

238.
0.001 m NaCl

0.001 m urea

0.001 m MgC l 2

0.001 m C H 3 COOH

Increasing order of boiling points

(ii)<(iv)<(i)<(iii)
a)

(iv)<(i)<(ii)<(iii)
b)

(iii)<(ii)<(i)<(iv)
c)

(i)<(ii)<(iii)<(iv)
d)

P a g e | 52
Paragraph for Question Nos. 239 to - 240

239.
Pressure of H 2 O(g) in X at 320 K

0.1
a)

0.2
b)

1.0
c)

2.0
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 240 to - 241

Dissolution of a non-volatile solute into a liquid leads to


240.

A decrease of entropy
a)

An increase in tendency of the liquid to freeze


b)

An increases in tendency to pass into the vapour phase


c)

A decrease in tendency of the liquid to freeze


d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 241 to - 242

241.
What is the result of distilling a mixture of 50% HN O3 and50 % H 2 O?

Pure water and azeotropic mixture can be separated


a)

b)
Pure H 2 O and pure HN O3 can be separated

c)
Pure HN O3 and azeotropic mixture can be separated

None of the above


d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 242 to - 242


P a g e | 53
242.
For different aqueous solutions of 0.1 N urea, 0.1 N NaCl, 0.1 N N a2 S O 4 and 0.1 N N a3 P O 4
solution at 27ͦ C the correct statements are :
1. The order of osmotic pressure is NaCl> N a 2 S O4 > N a 3 P O 4 >¿ urea

2. π= × ST for urea solution


∆Tb
Kb
3. Addition of salt on ice increases its melting point
4. Addition of salt on ice brings in melting of ice earlier

2, 3, 4
a)

1, 2, 4
b)

1, 2, 3
c)

3, 4
d)

Paragraph for Question Nos. 243 to - 243

An aqueous solution of 0.1 molal concentration of sucrose should have freezing point of
243.

( K f =1.86 ) :

a)
+0.186 ͦ C
b)
1.86 ͦ C
c)
−1.86 ͦ C
d)
−0.186 ͦ C

The osmotic pressure of a solution in atm obtained on mixing each 50 mL of 1.2% urea
244.

solution and 2.4% glucose solution at 300 K : ( R=0.08 litre atm K −1 mol−1 ) .

A mixture of two immiscible liquids nitrobenzene and water boiling at 99ͦ C has a partial
245.

pressure of water 733 mm and of nitrobenzene 27 mm. The ratio of weights of water and
nitrobenzene in mixture is ……….

How many g of glucose must be present in 0.5 litre of a solution for its osmotic pressure be
246.

same as that of 8 g glucose in 1 litre?


247.
' n moles of a non electrolyte are added to ' N moles of solvent. The addition causes a
' '

lowering in vapour pressure of solvent by 20%. The ratio of moles of solvent and its solute is
…..

An aqueous solution of a substance mol. wt. 240 has osmotic pressure 0.2 atm at 300 K. The
248.

P a g e | 54
density of solution in g/d m 3 is : ( R = 0.08 litre atm K −1 mol −1 ¿ .

12.2 g of benzoic acid (Mw=122) in 100 g water has elevation in boiling point of 0.27.
249.

K b =0.54 K kg mo l . If there is 100% polymerization, the number of molecules of benzoic acid


−1

in associated state is

2
a)

1
b)

3
c)

4
d)

The Van’t Hoff factor for a solute which does not dissociate or associate in solution is
250.

0
a)

2
b)

3
c)

1
d)

251.
The ratio of the value of any colligative property for BaC l 2 solution of urea solution under
similar condition is

2
a)

3
b)

1
c)

4
d)

The osmotic pressure of a solute is 600 mm at 300 K. The solution is diluted and the
252.

temperature is raised to 400 K and the solution shows an osmotic pressure of 200 mm. the
solution was diluted to ……times.
253.
Compound PdC l 4 . 6 H 2 O is a hydrated complex; 1 m aqueous solution of it has freezing point
269.28 K. Assuming 100% ionization of complex, calculate number of ions furnished by
complex in the solution

a)
P a g e | 55
1

2
b)

4
c)

0
d)

254.
A solution of liquids A and B having vapour pressure in pure state P A and PB . The solution
0 0

contains 30% mole of A which is in equilibrium with 60% mole of A in vapour phase. If PB is
0

2 cm, the P A is …..cm.


0

255.
A 0.4 molal aqueous solution of M X A has freezing point 3.72ͦ C . The K f of H 2 O is 1.86 K
molality . The value of X is ……….
−1

256.
A solution of 6.2 g ethylene glycol in 55 g H 2 O is cooled to −3.72 ͦ C . The ice separated from
solution is : (K f H 2 O=1.86 K molality )
−1

If for a sucrose, elevation in boiling point is 1.0 ℃ , then what will be the boiling point of NaCl
257.

solution for same molal concentration?

a)
1.0 ℃
b)
2.0 ℃
c)
3.0 ℃
d)
4.0 ℃

The osmotic pressure of urea solution at 10 ℃ is 200 mm, becomes 105.3 mm when it is
258.

diluted and temperature raised to 25 ℃ . The extent of dilution is

8 times
a)

5 times
b)

4 times
c)

2 times
d)

The osmotic pressure of a solution containing 40 g of solute (molecular mass 246) per liter at
259.

27 ℃ is ( R=0.0822 atm L mol−1 ¿

a)
3.0 atm
b)
P a g e | 56
4.0 atm
c)
2.0 atm
d)
1.0 atm
260.
A complex is represented as CoC l 3 . X N H 3 . Its 0.1 molal solution in water shows
∆ T F =0.558 ͦ C . K f of H 2 O is 1.86 Kmolality −1 . Assuming 100% ionisation, calculate the no. of
N H 3 molecules associated with Co.

The total number of colligative properties are


261.

1
a)

2
b)

3
c)

4
d)

3 mole of liquid A (V.P. = 60 mm) and a mole of B(V.P. = 40 mm) results in a solution having
262.

V.P. of 50 mm. The value of a is ….

P a g e | 57
ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS
Date : 20-08-2019 TEST ID: 493
Time : 15:39:00 CHEMISTRY
Marks : 928
2.SOLUTIONS

: ANSWER KEY :

1) c 2) a 3) c 4) a b,c
5) a 6) a 7) d 8) c 25) a,c,d 26) a, c, d 27) c 28)
9) c 10) d 11) b 12) c a,b,c,d
13) a 14) c 15) c 16) a 29) a, b, c 30) b,c 31) b, c 32)
17) b 18) a 19) a 20) a a, b, c
21) c 22) b 23) c 24) a 33) a,d 34) b, d 35) c, d 36)
25) a 26) b 27) b 28) a a, b, d
29) a 30) d 31) b 32) b 37) b,c,d 38) a, b, c 39) a,b 40) b
33) c 34) d 35) b 36) d 41) b, c, d 42) a,c,d 43) b, c, d 44)
37) c 38) b 39) c 40) a a, b, c, d
41) a 42) c 43) b 44) d 45) b,d 46) c 47) a, b 48)
45) a 46) d 47) a 48) a b,c
49) d 50) b 51) c 52) a 49) a, d 50) b,d 51) a, b, c 52)
53) b 54) d 55) b 56) d b, d
57) a 58) a 59) b 60) a 53) c, d 54) c,d 55) a, b, c 56)
61) b 62) a 63) b 64) b a, b
65) a 66) d 67) a 68) d 57) a,b,c,d 1) a 2) b 3) c
69) b 70) a 71) a 72) a 4) c
73) c 74) c 75) b 76) a 5) c 6) c 7) c 8) a
77) c 78) d 79) a 80) a 9) d 10) b 11) a 12) c
81) a 82) d 83) d 84) d 13) a 14) a 15) d 16) c
85) a 86) a 87) b 88) c 17) b 18) c 19) c 20) c
89) c 90) c 91) a 92) a 21) a 22) c 23) e 24) c
93) d 94) a 95) b 96) d 25) c 26) d 27) b 28) a
97) a 98) b 99) c 100) d 29) b 30) b 31) c 32) b
101) c 102) d 103) d 104) b 33) c 34) a 35) c 36) b
105) a 106) b 107) a 108) c 37) c 38) a 39) b 40) a
109) a 1) a, b 2) b,d 3) 41) b 42) a 43) a 44) c
a,b,c 4) a,d 45) b 46) a 47) a 48) c
5) a,b,c,d 6) a,c,d 7) a,c 8) 1) b 2) a 3) a 4) b
a,b 5) c 6) a 7) b 8) b
9) a,d 10) a, b, d 11) a,b 12) 9) c 10) d 11) a 12) a
a,c,d 1) b 2) b 3) a 4) a
13) a,c 14) b,d 15) a,b,c 16) 5) c 6) b 7) a 8) c
c, d 9) b 10) a 11) c 12) a
17) a, b, d 18) c,d 19) a, b, d 20) 13) a 14) d 15) a 16) b
a, c 17) d 1) 4 2) 4 3) 4
21) a,b,d 22) b,c 23) a,b 24) 4) 4

P a g e | 58
5) 2 6) a 7) a 8) b 13) 5 14) d 15) d 16) b
9) 4 10) b 11) 7 12) 4 17) 5 18) d 19) 3

P a g e | 59
ACTIVE SITE TUTORIALS
Date : 20-08-2019 TEST ID: 493
Time : 15:39:00 CHEMISTRY
Marks : 928
2.SOLUTIONS

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 Given eq .=254−119 χ A
Compare with the given equation,
Van’t Hoff factor
(c)
∴ PB °=254 , P B °−P A °=119
=1−α + xα+ yα ; For KCl it is 2 ∴ P A °=254−119=135
Experimental CP
¿
and for sugar it is 1
Calculated CP
9

Azeotropic mixtures are also known as


(c)
2
constant boiling mixtures. They are liquid
(a)
mixtures which boil over without any change
1000× 1.86 ×17
in the composition. Such mixtures cannot be
∆Tf= =0.69 ℃
46 ×1000
separated into components by fractional
T f =0−0.69=−0.69 ℃
3 distillation. They are of two types: maximum
(c) boiling azeotropes and minimum boiling
azeotropes
63 3
Maximum boiling azeotropes are formed by
π× = ×0.0821 ×288
∴ π =6.25 atm
1000 180
solutions having negative deviations. Boiling
∴ V solution=¿ Weight of solution× Density point is maximum
4 For example,
(a) Water and HCl

Water and nitric acid


1000× K f ×W
∆Tf=
Mw
Chloride form and acetone
1000× 1.86 ×342
¿ =1.86
100× 342
∴ T f =0−1.86=−1.86 ℃ Acetic acid and pyridine

Minimum boiling azeotropes are formed by


5

solutions having positive deviations. Boiling


(a)
The interparticle forces in between CHC l 3 and
point is minimum. For example,
acetone increase due to H-bonding and thus
∆ mixing V becomes negative Acetic acid and toluene

Pyridine and water


7

Osmosis of water and not of ion takes place


(d)

Ethanol and benzene


8
(c) Water and ethanol
PTotal =P A ° χ A + P B ° χ B
10
¿ P A ° χ A + P B ° (1− χ A )
(d)
¿ PB °−( P B °−P A ° ) χ A
π=MRT

P a g e | 60
The movement of solvent particles from dilute
π=RT (a)

π=RT solution to concentrated one through a semi-


permeable membrane is called osmosis
π=RT (mix has concentration =1 M)
20

Mixing of benzene and toluene does not


11 (a)

For non-electrolytic solution, if isotonic, involve any kind of decrease or increase in


(b)

C 1=C2 interaction forces in between molecules


5 × 1000 1×1000 21
¿ =
Colligative properties are properties of
342× 100 Mw 2 × 100 (c)

solution which depend on the number of


∴ Mw2 =68.4

particles present in solution and


12

The scaling of zero degree centigrade is


(c)
1000 × K b ' × n
based on this fact
∆ T b=
W
13 22

NaCl furnishes two ions on complete


(b)
Lowering is always positive
(a)

14 dissociation
(c) 23
(c)
More is ∆ T b, more is boiling point
π ∝n
15
24
No changes in interparticle forces as both are (a)
(c)

non-polar More is ∆ T f , lesser is freezing point


16 25
(a)
The definition of azeotropic mixture K f for camphor is maximum (about 40 K m−1)
(a)

17
(b) 26

For two non-electrolyte solutions, if isotonic,


W2 (b)
π V 2= RT
M w2
C 1=C2
500 100 4
× = ×0.0821 ×300 6.84 ×100 1.52× 1000
76 1000 M w2 ∴ = ⇒ M w 2=760
342× 100 M w2 × 100
∴ M w2=149.6
27
18

m (benzoic acid)
(b)

Actual molecular weight of naphthoic acid (


(a)

C 11 H 8 O2)=172
1000 K b W 1
¿
Molecular mass (calculated)
∆ T bW 2
1000× k f × w ¿ 244 (twice of actual molecular weight)
¿ 28
W ×∆ T f
(a)
= =344 A l 2 ( S O4 )3 furnishes maximum number of ions
1000× 1.72× 20
50× 2
van’t Hoff factor (i) =
29
actual mol . wt . 172
= (a)
calculated mo . wt . 344
and not π ∝V
1
¿ 0.5 π∝
V
19
P a g e | 61
30 (at 100 ℃ , VP =760 torr)

Freezing point is lowered on addition of


(d) 41

solution in it Osmosis occurs from dilute solution to


(a)

31 concentrated solution, i.e., exosmosis

∆ T b=K b × m=0.52 ×1 ×2=1.04 ;


(b) 42
(c)
∴ T b=100+1.04=101.04 ℃ KN O3 is 100% ionized while C H 3 COOH is a
32 weak electrolyte
43
∆ T f =1.86 ×1 ×2=3.72;
(b)
(b)
∴ T f =0−3.72=−3.72℃ ; n
NaCl dissociates to give experimental molality
πV =nRT ⇒ π = RT ⇒ π=CRT
V
¿ 1 ×2=2 44
33
C 2 H 5 OH show H-bonding as well as polarity
(d)

∆ T f =1.86 ×0.05=0.093 ;
(c)
both
∴ T f =0−0.093=−0.093 ℃
34 45
(d) (a)
∆ T b=K b × Molality P N =K H × mole−fraction(N 2)
mole-fraction
2

∆ T f =K f × Molality
∆ Tb Kb ∆ T f × K b 0.186 × 0.512 1 −5 −1
∴ = ⇒ ∆ T b= = ( N2) 5
×0.8 × 5=4 ×10 mo l
10
In 10 mole solubility is 4 ×10−4 .
∆Tf Kf Kf 1.86
¿ 0.0512
35
46
The relative lowering of vapour pressure is
(b)

Addition of salt lowers the freezing point of


(d)
equal to the mole fraction of the solute
37 water and thus snow melts
47
Vapour pressure of methanol + Water
(c)
(a)
mixture > VP of H 2 O but less than that of ∆P n1 i
methanol
=0.50=
P° n 1 i+n2
38 2i
0.50=
2 i+3
A characteristic of azeotropic mixture
(b)
i=1.5=1+ x
x=0.5
Hence, 2 mol NaCl will exists as 1 mol Cl ⊝
39
(c)
πV =nRT ; π ×
100
=
5
×0.0821 × 423 due to 50% ionization
1000 342 48
∴ π =5.078 atm
Urea and glucose do not dissociate in
(a)

solution. Sodium chloride gives two ions and


40
(a)
∆ P W 2 × Mw1 potassium sulphate gives three ions per
formula unit. Therefore, the effective number
=
of particles is maximum in potassium
P ° Mw 2 ×W 1

sulphate, and it shows the maximum


1 ×18
∆ P= ×760=13.68
1000

P a g e | 62
depression in freezing point Experimental value of vapour pressure of
49 mixture is more than calculated value

Azeotropic mixture of HCl conatins 20.4% Experimental value of boiling point of mixture
(d)

HCl is less than the calculated value

50 ∆ mixing H=+ ve
(b)
∆ mixing V =+ ve
25 × M (KCl)=20 × 1 M (AgN O )
3

∴ M (KCl )=0.8 56
'
∆ T f =M K f i (d)
¿ 0.8 ×2 ×2
51

For an ideal solution


(c)
Glucose does not dissociate. So it has the
∆ mixing H=0 ; ∆mixing V =0 and it should obey minimum number of particles, and therefore,
Raoult’s law it shows minimum depression in freezing
52 point. So it has the maximum freezing point
(a) 57
For N a2 S O4 , π 1=iMRT
Minimum freezing point means more number
(a)

of ions
¿ i× 0.004 × RT
For glucose, π 2=CRT
¿ 0.01 RT 0.01 ×2=0.02
π 1=π 2 (isotonic)
or 0.004 i=0.01
0.005 ×1=0.005

i=2.5 0.005 ×3=0.015

1 0
0.005 ×2=0.01
0
1−α 2α α
Total particles = 1−α +2 α + α
58
(a)
¿ 1+2 α n
π= RT
1+ 2α V
∴ i= =2.5
α =0.75 or 75 % dissociated
1 πV 7.40 ×1
n= = =0.3
RT 0.0821 ×300
53 59

AlC l 3 furnishes more ions than CaC l 2 and thus Elevation in boiling point, osmotic pressure,
(b) (b)

shows higher boiling point depression in vapour pressure, and


depression in freezing point are colligative
properties
54

Colligative properties are properties of


(d)

solution which depend on the number of


π=CRT ⇒ 2.5=C × 0.0821× 297

particles present in solution


−1
∴ C=0.1025 mol L
60
55
(a)
It is C u 2 Fe ( CN )6 molecule in gelatinous state
Positive deviations from Raoult’s law are
(b)

to work as semipermeable in nature


noticed when
61
(b)
P a g e | 63
The temperature at which a liquid boils
increases with increase in pressure
n
πV =nRT ⇒ π = RT ⇒ π=CRT
V
62 70

A solution of M /2 NaCl is isotonic with M πV =nRT ;


(a) (a)

glucose. The required condition is π 1=π 2 ∴ π × 1=0.1 ×0.082 ×273


63 71
(b) (a)
∆ T f =K f × m' × i 1000 K f ×W 2
∆Tf= ,[∆ T =273−271.9=1.1]
∆ T (urea) Mw 2 × W 1
m' (urea) 1000 ×1.86 ×1.25
∆ T (CH ¿ ¿3 COOH )= ¿ 1.1=
m' ( CH 3 COOH ) × i Mw 2 ×20
i=1.1 (i=1 for urea) Mw 2=105.68
¿(1+ x ) for CH 3 COOH 72
x=0.1 (a)
PA ° χ A PA ° χ 2
χ 1= =
∴ pH =3 PTotal PTotal
64 PA ° χ2
∴ PTotal =
It is the definition of osmosis
(b) χ1
73
65 (c)

The number of moles of the solute present Molarity =


(a) Moles of solute

per kilogram of the solvent is known as its


Volume of solution( L)

molality moles of urea =


120
=2
weight of solution =weight of solution +
60
W solute 1
weight of solute
m= ×
M wsolute W solvent ∈kg
W solute 1 =1000 + 120 =1120 g
¿ × ×1000 1120 g 1
M w solute W solvent ∈ g ⇒ Volume= ×
66 1.15 g 1000 mL / L

=0.974 K
(d) mL
First three methods involve use of C u 2 Fe ( CN )6
as semi-permeable membrane which will be ⇒Molarity = = 2.05 M
2.000
dissolved in non-aqueous solvent and thus
0.974
only Townend’s method having semi-
74
permeable membrane of powered glass and
(c)
More is ∆ T f , lesser is freezing point
clay can be used to determine the osmotic
pressure of non-aqueous solutions 75
(b)

=¿Mole fraction of solute ¿ χ 2


67 P ° −P S

Osmosis will not take place


(a) P°
76
68
During complex formation, more number of
(a)

Colligative properties are properties of


(d)
particles join to form a larger particle which
solution which depends on the number of does not break. So the particle number is
particles present in solution. π ∝n reduced and the freezing point is elevated
69 2 KI + Hg l 2 → K 2 Hg I 4
(b)
P a g e | 64
S= solution constant =0.0821 L
atm/K/mol
T= absolute temperature
77

∴ P° −Ps=P ° ×Mole fraction of solute ---(i)


(c)
∴ π glucose =0.01 × 0.0821T
10=P ° ×0.2 π glucose =π N a S O
N a2 S O4 is present in ionic state in solution
2 4

20=P° × χ 2
∴ χ 2=0.4 ⇒ χ 1 ( solvent )=1−0.4=0.6 So,
2−¿ ¿

N a2 S O4 ⇌2 N a+¿+S O ¿

At t=0 1 0
4

78
(d) 0
More is ∆ T f , lesser is freezing point At equilibrium 1−α 2 α α
(where, α is the degree of dissociation of
79
N a2 S O 4 ¿
( π cal ¿ N a S O =C × S × T = 0.004 ×0.0821× T ---
(a)

(ii)
PS =P ° χ 2 2 4

By van’t Hoff facter


80

p=P B ° χ B (B = Benzene acts as solvent )


(a)
¿¿
167 1−∝+2∝+∝
χ B= =0.623 ¿
268 1
χ solute=1− χ B =0.377 ∵¿
81
0.01 ×0.0821 T 1+2 α
∴ =
0.004 ×0.0821 ×T 1
K b is characteristic constant for given solvent Or
(a)
or 10=4+8∝
10 1+2 ∝
=
4 1
82
10−4
∝= =0.75
Larger the value of Smaller the freezing
(d)

%of∝= 75%
8
( i ) ,
point (d ) is a case of non-electrolytes, i=1
87

Molecular weight of benzoic acid in benzene


83 (b)

is determined by the depression in freezing


(d)

point method, and comes out to be 244. The


χ T PT °
χ ' T (vap )=
actual molecular mass is 122. Therefore, it
χ T P T °+ χ B PB °

corresponds to the dimers which are formed


¿ 0.4
by hydrogen bonding
84

Addition of a solute increases the boiling


(d)

point of solution
85 88

Normal molecular weight of electrolyte >


(a) (c)

Experimental molecular weight


∆ T f =Molality × K f × i
i=2 , hence complex is binary
86 Also, CN of Pt is 6 and complex is hydrated
(a)
When 0.004 M N a2 S O4 solution is isotonic
89

with 0.01 M solution of glucose, so their ∆ T f =K f × Molality ¿ 1.86 ×0.05=0.093


(c)

osmotic pressures are equal to each other. Thus, freezing point ¿ 0−0.093=−0.093
Osmotic pressure of 0.01 M glucose ( π ¿glucose
=CST
90

C= concentration of solution =0.01 M


(c)
∴ ∆ T b=K b × Molality ×(1−α + xα + yα)
P a g e | 65
∆ T b is more BaC l 2 as it gives more number of 96
ions, (1−α+ xα + yα) is more for BaC l 2 (it is 3) (d)
91 All get dissolved with the evolution of heat
97
Normal saline is 0.16 M NaCl solution
(a)

This is Raoult’s law


(a)
92
98
P °−PS ∝loss in weight of water chamber and
(a)
(b)
PS ∝loss in weight of solution chamber
Ptotal =P A ° χ A + P B ° χ B
¿ 210 mm>200 mm
VP is decreased
P ° −P S n2 W 2 × M w 1
= =
PS n1 M w 2 ×W 1
99
or
0.04 5 ×18 (c)
=
2.50 M w2 ×180 ⊖

Ca ( N O3 ) 2 → C a2 +¿+2 N O ¿

1 0 0
3

∴ M w2=31.25
0 1 2
93

∆ T f =K f × Molarity
(d)
Moles after dissociation 3
i= =
Moles before dissociation 1
94 100
(a) (d)
CuC l 2 is an electrolyte which ionise∈ solution P ° −P S
as follows . =Molality ×(1−α + xα+ yα )

The value of P °−PS is maximum for BaC l 2
−¿¿
2 +¿+ 2C l ¿
CuC l 2 ⇌ C u
At t=0 1 mole 0
0
101

After ionisation( 1−α ) mole αmole 2 αmole Osmotic pressure ∝ moles:


(c)

Thus, number of particles after ionisation ( N H 4 ) 3 P O4 furnishes 4 ions in solution


=1-α +α +2 α =1+ 2 α
∴ van,t Hoff factor (i)
102
(d)

number of particles before ionisation π= 2 , if equal volumes are mixed, volume


number of particloes after ionisation π 1+ π 2
¿
1+2 α
¿ ( i )= (On100 % ionisation α=1) of solution becomes double
1 103
1+ 2× 1 (d)
F e 2 ( S O 4 )3 furnishes more number of ions
¿ =3
The elevation in boiling point (when
1

colligative property is abnormal)


104

P EtOH =P ° EtOH × Mole fraction of EtOH in liquid


b
(b)
∆ T =i × k b × m
m →molality of solution phase
Molality of CuC l 2 solution ¿ PT × Mole Fraction of EtOH in vapour Phase
weight of CuC l 2 ∈gram 13.44 Thus, mole fraction of EtOH in vapour phase
mol . weight of CuC l 2 134.4 P' 4.556
= =0.1m ¿ = =0.635
weight of water ( solvent ) ∈kg 1 P T 4.556+2.619
Thus, ∆ T b=3 × 0.52× 0.1=0.156 ≈ 0.16℃ 105

Colligative properties are properties of


95 (a)

Perfectly semi-permeable membrane allows solution which depend on the number of


(b)

the passage of solvent particles only particles present in solution

P a g e | 66
when the crystal dissolves. All the given
compounds have negative heat of solution
106
(b)
1 1 115
Pm=160× +60 × =110 mm
2 2 (a,c,d)
107 CrCl 3 . 6 H 2 O
(a) π=CRT (1−α + xα+ yα )
pH=2 98.52=1× 0.0821× 300 × ( x + y ) ( α =1 )
[ H ⊕ ]=0.01 M =Cx=0.1 x ∴ ( x+ y )=4
x=0.1 ∴ CrCl3 ⋅6 H 2 O can be written as:
i=1+ x=1.1
1 0
n
π=i RT =iMRT =1.1× 0.1 RT =0.11 RT 0
V
1−α α α
3 mol of AgNO3 will react with 1 mol of Cr ¿ ¿
108
(c)
Cr ¿ ¿
, i.e., B should associate to show moles 2 ×1=2 1 ×6=6 0
∆Tf 2 1
= =
A

∆ T f 1 1/2
higher ∆ T
B 0
0 0 2
109 6
∴ Moles of AgCl formed¿ 6
For two non-electrolyte solutions, if isotonic
(a)
Weight of AgCl formed ¿ 6 ×143.5=861 g
C 1=C2 ¿
2
8.6 5 ×1000 π=CRT ×(1+3 α )= × 0.0821 ×300 × 4=65.68 atm
∴ = ⇒ M w2=348.9 3
60 × 1 M w2 ×100
117

P M =P A °∙ χ A + PB ° ∙ χ B ; Also
111 (a,b)

Molality and mole fraction are not affected by


(b,d)
'

temperature because they involve masses of


P =P M ∙ χ A (V )=P A °∙ χ A (l)

the solute and the solvent which do not


¿ P A ° ∙ χ A + PB °∙ (1− χ A )

change with temperature


P M −P B °
∴ χ A=
P A ° −PB °
113
(a,d) 121

Greater is the intermolecular force on


(a,c,d)
NaCl :0.5 M (i=2)⇒C eff =0.5 ×2=1 M
mixing, more negative will be the deviation
( 12 ) ⇒ C
C 6 H 5 COOH :2.0 M i= eff
1
=2× =1 M
2 p< P A ° χ A + P B ° χ B

a. π=C eff RT ⇒ π is same asC eff is same Experimental vapour pressure will be less
than calculated vapour pressure
b. Since both the solutions have different
solvents, vapor pressure will be different
122

On addition of on-volatile substance,


(a,c)
c. Solutions are isotonic
d. ∆ T f =iK f ∙ m⇒ Δ T f for solution II will be according to the colligative property, the
more as ¿ vapor pressure of solution decreases and its
boiling point increases
114 123

If heat of solution is negative, the dissolution


(a,b,c,d)
Δ mixing V =0 ; Δmixing H=0⇒ look for ideal
(b,d)

process is exothermic and heat is released


P a g e | 67
solutions vapour pressure of the solid is graphically the
temperature at which the vapour pressure
curve of the liquid intersects the vapour
127

pressure curve of the solid. When a non-


(c,d)
Both BaC l 2 and Ca ( N O3 ) 2 will give 3 ions per
molecule in solution and hence, show same volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid, its
colligative properties freezing point is lowered
130

For immiscible liquids


(a,b,d)

' ' '


P A =PM ∙ χ A ; PB =PM . χ B '
' '
PA χA n A W A × Mw B
∴ '
= '
= =
P χ n B Mw A × W B
If P A '> P B ' , then n A >n B
B B

132
(a,b)
n 2 RT W 2 RT 148
π=CRT ⇒ π= =
Benzene and toluene ⇒ Ideal solution
(a,b)
V Mw2 V
133
1 2
(b,c) Ptotal =P A ° χ A + P B ° χ B=42× +36 × =38 mm Hg

We know that osmatic pressure π= RT ,


3 3
n
1
42 ×
therefore osmatic pressure is directly
V P 3 7
χ VBenzene= Benzene = =
proportional to the temperature and molarity
PTotal 38 19
151
n
Molarity= (a,c,d)
V
134 ∆ P n2 n 2 × Mw 1 ×1000 Molality × Mw1
= = =
P ° n1 W 1 ×1000 1000
a. There will be a depression in the freezing
(a,c,d)
For electrolyte
∆ P Molality × M
point by the addition of glucose in water
= ×(1+3 α )
P° 1000
¿for H 2 O¿
b. α increases as concentration decreases
Also, π obs =C × R × T (1+ 3 α)
c. ∆ sol H =∆latice H + ∆hyd H
( −ve) ¿)
∆ P π obs 18
∴ = ×
d. Mixing of solution is always accompained
∆ T f obs =K f × molaltiy ×(1+3 α)
P ° RT 1000
by an increase in entropy (randomness)
∆ P ∆ T f obs × 18
=
139 P° K f ×100
(b,c) Calculated molecular weight
Molarity= =0.1. In case of urea, molarity
6 i=(1+3 α )=
Therefore, molecular weight of
Observed molecular weight

and normality are the same


60
K 3 PO 4=M obs ×(1+3 α )
142 157

In the depression in freezing point


(a,d) (b,c)
Adding K 2 SO 4 into BaC l 2, solution will
experiment, it is found that the vapour
result into precipitation of Ba SO 4 which is
pressure of a solution is less than that of pure
non-volatile, and therefore boiling point of
solvent. Only solvent molecules solidify at
solution will be increased and its freezing
freezing point. The temperature at which the
point will decrease
vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the

P a g e | 68
159 values of mol. wt.
(b,d) 173
BaCl 2 ⇌ Ba +2 Cl 2(after dissociation)
Explanation is correct reason for statement.

(c)
i=3
163 174

Lowering of vapour pressure is a colligative


(a)
Osmotic pressure is a colligative propery,
(c,d)

therefore, it depends upon the number of property, hence it depends upon the number
constituents of solution. It also depends of solute particles
upon temperature as π=CRT
175

If a non-volatile solute is added to water its


166 (d)

vapour pressure always decreases


(a,b,c,d)
1.2575 ×1000
Molarity= =0.02 M , π=CRT
251.5 ×250
176
∴ π obs =0.02 ×0.0821 ×300=0.4926 atm (b)
¿ 374.38 mm C u 2 [Fe ( CN )6 ] is soluble in non-aqueous
solutions.
π obs 1.478 ×760
=i= =3
π cal 374.38 177
∴ n=3
Also
(a)
K f (camphor )=37.7 K kg mol−1

178

Explanation is correct reason for statement.


(c)
167
(a) 179
This type of association of solute molecules normally (a)
happens in solvents of low dielectric constant. KCl being an electrolyte provide more number of
particles in solution, however urea being a non
168 electrolyte remains as such in solution.

Henry’s law is for solute while Raoult’s law is 180


(b)

for solvent; both are dependent to each other (a)


For ideal solution ∆ mix H and ∆ mix V are equal
to zero
169

Osmotic pressure is a colligative property


(c)
181

The dissolution of gases in water requires


(d)
170
energy, hence it is endothermic in nature, but
Explanation is correct reason for statement.
(c)

during dissolution entropy may increase or


decrease
171

The boiling point of azeotropic mixture may


(c)

be higher or lower than the pure components (c)


182

Explanation is correct reason for statement.


172
183
(c)
If mol. wt. is low, ∆ T b or ∆ T f being low
For isotonic solutions osmotic pressures are
(b)

cannot be read out accurately. A little error in same. Concentrations are same only when
measurement of ∆ T b will cause abnormal solute neither dissociates nor associates.
P a g e | 69
184 0
P −Ps n P
0
n+ N N
= ∨ 0 = =1+
Water boils at low temperature at mountains
(c) 0
n+ N P −P s n n
P

where atmospheric pressure is low, i .e . , or


0 0 0
P −P + P s N P −Ps n
when P0 = atmospheric pressure.
0
= ∨ =
P −P s n Ps N

[For dilute solution n+ N ≈ N ∴


0
185 P −P s n
= ¿
(c) P
0
N
∨P s = P0
N N NPs 193
Ps ∝ ∨ =
n+ N n+ N P0 n+ N (b)

or 1−
Ps N
0
P −P s n Non-ideal solution with positive deviation ie, having
0
=1− ∨ 0
= more vapour pressure than expected, boil at lower
P n+ N P n+ N
temperature while those with negative deviation boil
186
at higher temperature, than those of the components.
K f is same for both solutions
(c)
194

For NaCl , i=2, while for glucose, i=1. Hence,


(a)
187
osmotic pressure of NaCl is higher than that
According to colligative property addition of
(a)

of glucose solution
non-volatile solute to volatile solvent, the
freezing point of solution decreases 195

In cooker, the vapor pressure of solution


(b)
188
increases therefore, its boiling temperature
Extent of dissociation increases steadily with
(c)

increasing dilution decreases since P ∝


1
T
189
196

Both are incorrect


(e)

Equimolal solutions of all the substances in


(b)

the same solvent will show equals elevation in


boiling points
190
(c)
When a solution is separated from the pure solvent by
197
mean of semipermeable membrane, the pure solvent

The sum of mole fraction is always unity and


(c)
passes through the membrane and goes to the solution

it is not temperature dependent


and a hydrostatic pressure is set up which is called as
the osmotic pressure of the solution. So, when red
blood cells were placed in pure water, the 198
concentration of salt content would increase in the
The given explanation is correct and a
(b)
solution or decrease in cell so to assertion is true but
reason is false. reduction in molecular attraction will
increase vaporization nature and lead for
higher vapour pressure than that calculated
191

by Raoult’s law. Thus, mixture will show


(c)

Since , therefore on increasing the positive deviation.


1
P ∝
pressure, the freezing temperature decreases
T
199
(c)
192 Both solute and solvent will from the vapour but
(d) vapour phase will become richer in more volatile
component.

P a g e | 70
200 In benzene acetic dimerises but in water it does not

Depression in freezing point is a colligative


(a) this is because benzene is non polar where as water is

property, hence its value depends upon the


polar. Hence, moleculard mass determined by

number of solute particles


depression in freezing point method comes out to be
different.

201 210

Explanation is correct reason for statement.


(c)
Explanation is correct reason for statement.
(c)

202 211

Osmosis is net movement of solvent particles


(b) (b)

from dil. to conc. and conc. to dil., i .e . , a


The water pouch of instant cold pack for testing

bilateral process; The more movement is from


athletic injuries breaks when squeezed and N H 4 N O 3

dil. to conc. Thus net flow from dil. to conc. is


dissolves lowering the temperature because addition

noticed.
of nonvolatile solute into solvent results into
depression of freezing point of solvent so both are true
and correct explanation. 212

An ideal solution of the components A and B


(a)
203
is defined as the solution in which the
Vapour pressure decreases with decrease in
(c)
intermolecular interactions between A and B
temperature. are the same magnitude as between the pure
204 components or it is a solution there is no
volume change or enthalpy change or mixing
In an open system, equilibrium can never be
(a)

achieved 213

Learn as a fact. The molecular mass of large


(a)
205
molecules is determined using the osmotic
Note that addition of solute to solvent (and
(b)
pressure technique. The molecular mass of
not solvent to solute which will show reverse smaller molecules is determined using the
effect) shows a lowering in V.P. due to freezing point lowering method
decrease in relative surface area.
206 214

Like dissolves like, i.e., non-polar solutes are Explanation is correct reason for statement.
(a) (c)

soluble in non-polar solvent and polar solute


are soluble in polar solvent
215
(b)
(a →p, r) C 2 H 5 OH + H 2 O = Azeotropic
mixture (at a particular composition)
207

One molar aqueous solution has 1 mole in


(b)
shows positive deviation
less than 1000 g of water. Hence, 1000 g of
water will be associated with more than 1 (b → q, t) C 2 H 5 Br +C 2 H 5 I = ideal solution;
mole while 1 molal has 1 mole in 1000 g of obeys Raoult’s law
water
(c → q, t) p A =P A ° χ A = Ideal solution (with
208 non-volatile solute)

KCl is ionic salt and it dissociates in solution. (d →p, s) H 2 O+ H 2 SO 4=¿ Azeotropic mixture
(a)

209 (at a particular composition)


(a)
P a g e | 71
shows negative deviation (b→s) NaCl ; i=2 ; K 2 SO 4 ; i=3 ; MgC l 2 :i=3

216 (c→p) Al2 ¿


(a)
(a→q) Lowering of vapour pressure ¿ P °=PS K4 ¿

= Pressure of pure solvent −¿ Pressure of (d→q) Glucose; i=1 ; NaCl ; i=2


solution
CaCl2 ; i=3
(b→s)

(c→r)
221

(a→r) Osmotic pressure was determined


(b)

(d→p)
experimentally by Berkeley and Hartley

(b→s) Ostwald and Walker's method is


217
experimentally used for the determination
(a)
(a → r , s) 0.1 MCH 3COOH in benzene
lowering in vapour pressure
⇒ i<1 ¿)
(c→p)
(b → r ) 0.1 M urea in water
⇒ i=1( Mw2 > Mw N ) (d→q)

(c →p) 0.05 M BaC l 2in water 222

(a→s) ppm (part per million)=


(b)

⇒ i=3 (assuming α =1) M w2 =


( )
M wN
6
3 Mass of solute × 10

(d→ q) 0.1 M CH 3 COOH in water


Mass of solution

(b→r) ∆ T b=T S −T °

(c→q) K f =¿ Molal depression constant


⇒i>1(Mw 0 < Mw n)

(d→p) i = van’t Hoff factor


219

(a→q) Relatives lowering of vapour


(c)

Observed collegative properties


pressure
¿
(
P° −Ps
Ps °
= χB
) Calculated colligative properties

226
(b→p¿ P=K H χ B (Henry’s law)
(a→s) Hypertonic solutions have higher
(a)

(c→s) Azeotropic mixture deviates from osmotic pressure than some other solutions
ideal solution
(b→q) Isotonic solutions have same osmotic
(d→r) For ideal solution ∆ mix V =0 ; ∆mix H=0 pressure than some other solutions

220 (c→r)

Osmotic pressure ( π )=iCRT ;i=¿Van’t Hoff (d→s)


(a)

factor 227
(a→r) i is same for glucose, urea, fructose
The relative lowering of vapour pressure is
(b)
i.e., i=1
equal to the mole fraction of solute

P a g e | 72
Mol at eq 1−α
228 α
(b) 2
L represents ∆ T b=k b ∙m
Total moles ¿ 1−α + =1−
α α
229 2 2
Total moles at equilibrium α
Molarity of solution
(a)
∴ i= =1−
Initial moles 2
∆Tf 235
∆ T f =K f × m⇒ m=
Isotonic solution have same molarity
Kf (b)
−1
∆ T f =273−272.4=0.6 K , K f =0.86 K kg mol
Molarity of 18 g glucose = 276
18
0.6 /1000
∴ m= =0.322
1.86 =0.065
1000
230

Molarity of 34.2 g sucrose = 518


34.2
/1000
Vapour Pressure of solution can be calculated
(a)
=0.066
from the relation:
1000
The concentration of 18 g L−1glucose is same
to34.2 g L−1 sucrose
P A °−P A W B / Mw B
= χ B=
PA° W A / Mw A
236
Here W A =1000 g ,W A =68.4 g , P A °=0.023 atm, (a)
∆ T f =K f ∙ m and K f ∝ molecular weight.
Mw A=18 , Mw B =342 Therefore, larger the molecular weight lesser
will be depression in freezing point
Substituting the values, we get 237
(c)
χ Ethanol =0.9 ;
0.023−P A 68.4 /342
= χ water=0.1
(Solvent ≡ A ¿ (Solute ≡ B ¿
0.023 1000 /18

or
0.023−P A 68.4 × 18 χB 1000
= ∆ T f =K f ∙ m=K f ∙ ×
0.023 342 ×100 1− χ B M w A
0.1 1000
or
0.023−P A ¿2× × =4.83 K
=0.0036 0.9 46
0.023 T f =T f °−∆ T f =155.7−4.83=150.87 K
or 0.023−P A=0.0036 ×0.023=0.000083 238
(a)
P A =0.023−0.00008=0.02292 atm Boiling point is higher if ∆ T b is higher
which in turn depends on
Vapor pressure of solution ¿ 0.02292 atm meffective (¿ ℑeffective )
231 ∴ 0.001 mUrea
¿ 0.001 mCH 3 COOH < 0.001m NaCl<0.001 m Mg Cl2
Hypertonic solutions have higher osmotic
(c)

pressure and therefore they have higher


239

concentration. When a plant cell is kept in


(a)
Pressure of N 2 in X =1.9 atm
hypertonic solution, water from plant cell Total pressure of vessel X =2 atm
moves to hypertonic solution and therefore ∴ Pressure of H 2 O(g) in X at
the plant cell gets shrinked 300 K=2−1.9=0.1 atm
234 240

2(Benzoic acid) ⇌ Dimerized (Benzoic acid)


(c)
Addition of non-volatile solutes decrease the
(d)

Initial mol 1 0 freezing point of solution

P a g e | 73
241 solution to urea solution is 3
(a)
The composition of 50% H 2 O and 50% HN O3
253
(b)
will lies in between the azeotropic mixture ∆ T =i K f m
and pure H 2 O. Therefore, distillation of such ( 273−269.28 )=i ×1.86 ×1
composition will give pure H 2 O and 3.72=i ×1.86
azeotropic mixture i=2
i−1
242 α= ; ( α=100 %=1 )
n−1

1. Molar concentrations are 0.1 M NaCl ,


(b) 2−1
1= ⇒ n=2
n−1
M N a 2 S O 4 and
0.1 0.1 257
M N a 3 P O4
2 3 (d)
∴ π ∝ CX ( 1−α + X α +Y α ) ∝ C ( X +Y ) if α =1 ∆ T b=i K b m
0.1 For
0.1NaCl solution, i=2
∴ for
∴ π urea ∝0.1 ×1 , π NaCl ∝ 0.1× 2; π Na SO ∝ × 3 ; π Na PO4 ∝ ×4
2 3 NaCl , ∆ T =2
2. Also π=CM × S ×T and ∆ T b=Molality × K b
2 4 3

If Molarity = Molality (for dilute solution)


258
(d)
π=
∆Tb
×S×T Let π 1=200 mm ; T 1=283
Kb
3. Addition of salt on ice lowers the freezing
π 1=105.3 ; T 2=298

point. Now, π= RT
n

4. Also addition of salt on ice lowers its


V

melting point and thus, ice melts earlier At T 1 , 200= …(i)


n
R ×283
V1

At T 2 , 50= …(ii)
243 n
(d) × R × 298
V2
Dividing (i) by (ii), we get
1000× K f × w
∆Tf= =K f × molality
= 1.86 ×0.1=0.186 ;
m× W
200 V 2 283
= × ⇒ V 2=2 V 1
Thus, f. p. = 0−0.186 ͦ C=−0.186 ͦ C
105.3 V 1 298
259
249
(b)
(a)
∆ T b=i K b m
0.27=i× 0.54 ×
12.2 1000
× π=CRT =
( )
W2
M w2
RT

V
or i=0.5 Given, W 2 =40 g
122 100

Therefore, benzene associated as dimer, i.e.,


2
M w2=246
T =27 ℃=300 K
250 V =1 L
Substituting all the values, we get
i=1, for non-electrolyte
(a)
40
251 π= × 0.082 ×300=4 atm
246
(b)
For urea, i=1, while for BaC l 2, i=3 , therefore,
261

the ratios of any colligative property for BaC l 2 Total colligative properties are four
(d)

P a g e | 74

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