Psychology Syllabus - Sam Global

SAM GLOBAL UNIVERSITY
Established under Govt. of M.P. & Recognized by UGC

Address: Gram- Agariya Chopda, Dist. Raisen (M.P.)
Website: www.samglobaluniversity.ac.in
Subject: Psychology
Unit 1. Emergence of Psychology
Psychological thought in some major Eastern Systems: Bhagavad Gita,

Buddhism, Sufism and Integral Yoga. Academic psychology in India: Pre-
independence era; post-independence era; 1970s: The move to addressing social
issues; 1980s: Indigenization; 1990s: Paradigmatic concerns, disciplinary identity
crisis; 2000s: Emergence of Indian psychology in academia. Issues: The colonial
encounter; Post colonialism and psychology; Lack of distinct disciplinary identity.
Western: Greek heritage, medieval period and modern period. Structuralism,

Functionalism, Psychoanalytical, Gestalt, Behaviorism, Humanistic- Existential,
Transpersonal, Cognitive revolution, Multiculturalism. Four founding paths of
academic psychology - Wundt, Freud, James, Dilthey. Issues: Crisis in psychology
due to strict adherence to experimental- analytical paradigm (logical empiricism).
Indic influences on modern psychology.
Essential aspects of knowledge paradigms: Ontology, epistemology, and

methodology. Paradigms of Western Psychology: Positivism, Post-Positivism,
Critical perspective, Social Constructionism, Existential Phenomenology, and Co-
operative Enquiry. Paradigmatic Controversies. Significant Indian paradigms on
psychological knowledge: Yoga, Bhagavad Gita, Buddhism, Sufism, and Integral
Yoga. Science and spirituality (avidya and vidya). The primacy of self-knowledge in
Indian psychology.
Unit 2. Research Methodology and Statistics
Research: Meaning, Purpose, and Dimensions.

Research problems, Variables and Operational Definitions, Hypothesis, Sampling.
Ethics in conducting and reporting research
Paradigms of research: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed methods approach
Methods of research: Observation, Survey [Interview, Questionnaires], Experimental,
Quasi-experimental, Field studies, Cross-Cultural Studies, Phenomenology, Grounded theory,
Focus groups, Narratives, Case studies, Ethnography
Statistics in Psychology: Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion. Normal Probability

Curve. Parametric [t-test] and Non-parametric tests [Sign Test, Wilcoxon Signed rank test,
Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman]. Power analysis. Effect size.
Correlational Analysis: Correlation [Product Moment, Rank Order], Partial correlation,

multiple correlation.
Special Correlation Methods: Biserial, Point biserial, tetrachoric, phi

coefficient.
Regression: Simple linear regression, Multiple regression.
Factor analysis: Assumptions, Methods, Rotation and Interpretation.
Experimental Designs: ANOVA [One-way, Factorial], Randomized Block Designs, Repeated

Measures Design, Latin Square, Cohort studies, Time series, MANOVA, ANCOVA. Single-
subject designs.
Unit 3. Psychological testing
Types of tests
Test construction: Item writing, item analysis
Test standardization: Reliability, validity and Norms
Areas of testing: Intelligence, creativity, neuropsychological tests, aptitude, Personality

assessment, interest inventories Attitude scales – Semantic differential, Staples, Likert scale.
Computer-based psychological testing Applications of psychological testing in various
settings: Clinical, Organizational and business, Education, Counseling, Military. Career
guidance.
Unit 4. Biological basis of behavior
Sensory systems: General and specific sensations, receptors and processes
Neurons: Structure, functions, types, neural impulse, synaptic transmission.

Neurotransmitters.
The Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems – Structure and functions. Neuroplasticity.
Methods of Physiological Psychology: Invasive methods – Anatomical methods,
degeneration techniques, lesion techniques, chemical methods, microelectrode studies.
Non-invasive methods – EEG, Scanning methods.
Muscular and Glandular system: Types and functions Biological basis of Motivation:
Hunger, Thirst, Sleep and Sex.
Biological basis of emotion: The Limbic system, Hormonal regulation of behavior.
Genetics and behavior: Chromosomal anomalies; Nature-Nurture controversy [Twin
studies and adoption studies]
Unit 5. Attention, Perception, Learning, Memory and Forgetting
Attention: Forms of attention, Models of attention Perception:

Approaches to the Study of Perception: Gestalt and physiological approaches Perceptual
Organization: Gestalt, Figure and Ground, Law of Organization Perceptual Constancy: Size,
Shape, and Color; Illusions Perception of Form, Depth and Movement Role of motivation and
learning in perception
Signal detection theory: Assumptions and applications Subliminal perception and related
factors, information processing approach to perception, culture and perception, perceptual
styles, Pattern recognition, Ecological perspective on perception.
Learning Process: Fundamental theories: Thorndike, Guthrie, Hull
Classical Conditioning: Procedure, phenomena and related issues Instrumental learning:

Phenomena, Paradigms and theoretical issues; Reinforcement: Basic variables and
schedules; Behaviour modification and its applications Cognitive approaches in learning:
Latent learning, observational learning. Verbal learning and Discrimination learning
Recent trends in learning: Neurophysiology of learning
Memory and Forgetting
Memory processes: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
Stages of memory: Sensory memory, Short-term memory (Working memory), Long-term

Memory (Declarative – Episodic and Semantic; Procedural)
Theories of Forgetting: Interference, Retrieval Failure, Decay, Motivated forgetting
Unit 5. Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity

Theoretical perspectives on thought processes: Associationism, Gestalt, Information
processing, Feature integration model Concept formation: Rules, Types, and Strategies; Role
of concepts in thinking Types of Reasoning Language and thought Problem solving: Type,
Strategies, and Obstacles Decision-making: Types and models
Metacognition: Metacognitive knowledge and Metacognitive regulation

Intelligence: Spearman; Thurstone; Jensen; Cattell; Gardner; Stenberg; Goleman; Das, Kar &
Parrila
Creativity: Torrance, Getzels & Jackson, Guilford, Wallach & Kogan Relationship between
Intelligence and Creativity
Unit 6. Personality, Motivation, emotion, stress and coping
Determinants of personality: Biological and socio-cultural Approaches to the study of

personality: Psychoanalytical, Neo-Freudian, Social learning, Trait and Type, Cognitive,
Humanistic, Existential, Transpersonal psychology. Other theories: Rotter's Locus of Control,
Seligman's Explanatory styles, Kohlberg’s theory of Moral development.
Basic motivational concepts: Instincts, Needs, Drives, Arousal, Incentives, Motivational

Cycle. Approaches to the study of motivation: Psychoanalytical, Ethological, S-R Cognitive,
Humanistic Exploratory behavior and curiosity
Zuckerman's Sensation seeking Achievement, Affiliation and Power Motivational Competence
Self-regulation Flow Emotions: Physiological correlates
Theories of emotions: James-Lange, Canon-Bard, Schachter and Singer, Lazarus, Lindsley.
Emotion regulation
Conflicts: Sources and types
Stress and Coping: Concept, Models, Type A, B, C, D behaviors, Stress management

strategies [Biofeedback, Music therapy, Breathing exercises, Progressive Muscular
Relaxation, Guided Imagery, Mindfulness, Meditation, Yogasana, Stress Inoculation
Training].
Unit 7. Social Psychology
Nature, scope and history of social psychology
Traditional theoretical perspectives: Field theory, Cognitive Dissonance,

Sociobiology, Psychodynamic Approaches, Social Cognition. Social perception
[Communication, Attributions]; attitude and its change within cultural context;
prosocial behavior Group and Social influence [Social Facilitation; Social loafing];
Social influence [Conformity, Peer Pressure, Persuasion, Compliance, Obedience,
Social Power, Reactance]. Aggression. Group dynamics, leadership style and
effectiveness. Theories of intergroup relations [Minimal Group Experiment and Social
Identity Theory, Relative Deprivation Theory, Realistic Conflict Theory, Balance
Theories, Equity Theory, Social Exchange Theory] Applied social psychology: Health,
Environment and Law; Personal space, crowding, and territoriality.
Unit 8. Human Development and Interventions
Developmental processes: Nature, Principles, Factors in development, Stages of

Development. Successful aging.
Theories of development: Psychoanalytical, Behavioristic, and Cognitive Various

aspects of development: Sensory-motor, cognitive, language,
emotional, social and moral.
Psychopathology: Concept, Mental Status Examination, Classification, Causes
Psychotherapies: Psychoanalysis, Person-centered, Gestalt, Existential, Acceptance

Commitment Therapy, Behavior therapy, REBT, CBT, MBCT, Play therapy, Positive
psychotherapy, Transactional Analysis, Dialectic behavior therapy, Art therapy,
Performing Art Therapy, Family therapy.
Applications of theories of motivation and learning in School Factors in educational

achievement Teacher effectiveness
Guidance in schools: Needs, organizational set up and techniques Counselling:

Process, skills, and techniques
Unit 9. Emerging Areas
Issues of Gender, Poverty, Disability, and Migration: Cultural bias and

discrimination. Stigma, Marginalization, and Social Suffering; Child Abuse and
Domestic violence.
Peace psychology: Violence, non-violence, conflict resolution at macro level, role of

media in conflict resolution.
Wellbeing and self-growth: Types of wellbeing [Hedonic and Eudemonic], Character

strengths, Resilience and Post-Traumatic Growth.
Health: Health promoting and health compromising behaviors, Life style and Chronic
diseases [Diabetes, Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease], Psychoneuroimmunology
[Cancer, HIV/AIDS]
Psychology and technology interface: Digital learning; Digital etiquette: Cyber

bullying; Cyber pornography: Consumption, implications; Parental mediation of Digital
Usage.

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SAM GLOBAL UNIVERSITY

Established under Govt. of M.P. & Recognized by UGC

Unit 1. Emergence of Psychology

Psychological thought in some major Eastern Systems: Bhagavad Gita,

Western: Greek heritage, medieval period and modern period. Structuralism,

Essential aspects of knowledge paradigms: Ontology, epistemology, and

Unit 2. Research Methodology and Statistics

Research: Meaning, Purpose, and Dimensions.

Statistics in Psychology: Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion. Normal Probability

Correlational Analysis: Correlation [Product Moment, Rank Order], Partial correlation,

Special Correlation Methods: Biserial, Point biserial, tetrachoric, phi

Factor analysis: Assumptions, Methods, Rotation and Interpretation.

Experimental Designs: ANOVA [One-way, Factorial], Randomized Block Designs, Repeated

Unit 3. Psychological testing

Test construction: Item writing, item analysis

Test standardization: Reliability, validity and Norms

Areas of testing: Intelligence, creativity, neuropsychological tests, aptitude, Personality

Unit 4. Biological basis of behavior

Sensory systems: General and specific sensations, receptors and processes

Neurons: Structure, functions, types, neural impulse, synaptic transmission.

Unit 5. Attention, Perception, Learning, Memory and Forgetting

Attention: Forms of attention, Models of attention Perception:

Learning Process: Fundamental theories: Thorndike, Guthrie, Hull

Classical Conditioning: Procedure, phenomena and related issues Instrumental learning:

Memory and Forgetting

Memory processes: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval

Stages of memory: Sensory memory, Short-term memory (Working memory), Long-term

Unit 5. Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity

Metacognition: Metacognitive knowledge and Metacognitive regulation

Unit 6. Personality, Motivation, emotion, stress and coping

Determinants of personality: Biological and socio-cultural Approaches to the study of

Basic motivational concepts: Instincts, Needs, Drives, Arousal, Incentives, Motivational

Conflicts: Sources and types

Stress and Coping: Concept, Models, Type A, B, C, D behaviors, Stress management

Unit 7. Social Psychology

Nature, scope and history of social psychology

Traditional theoretical perspectives: Field theory, Cognitive Dissonance,

Developmental processes: Nature, Principles, Factors in development, Stages of

Theories of development: Psychoanalytical, Behavioristic, and Cognitive Various

Psychopathology: Concept, Mental Status Examination, Classification, Causes

Psychotherapies: Psychoanalysis, Person-centered, Gestalt, Existential, Acceptance

Applications of theories of motivation and learning in School Factors in educational

Guidance in schools: Needs, organizational set up and techniques Counselling:

Unit 9. Emerging Areas

Issues of Gender, Poverty, Disability, and Migration: Cultural bias and

Peace psychology: Violence, non-violence, conflict resolution at macro level, role of

Wellbeing and self-growth: Types of wellbeing [Hedonic and Eudemonic], Character

Psychology and technology interface: Digital learning; Digital etiquette: Cyber

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