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Probability Basic Concepts Expanded

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11 views

Probability Basic Concepts Expanded

Uploaded by

azharaqazi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Probability: Basic Concepts

Probability is the branch of mathematics that deals with the likelihood or chance of different

outcomes. It helps us understand how likely an event is to occur.

### Key Concepts:

- Probability is the measure of how likely an event is to happen. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 0

means the event is impossible, and 1 means it is certain.

- The probability of an event happening is calculated as: Probability = (Number of favorable

outcomes) / (Total number of possible outcomes).

- Events can be independent (the outcome of one does not affect the other) or dependent (the

outcome of one affects the other).

### Solved Examples:

1. What is the probability of flipping a coin and getting heads?

There are 2 possible outcomes (heads or tails), and 1 favorable outcome (heads). Probability =

1/2.

2. What is the probability of rolling a 6 on a six-sided die?

There are 6 possible outcomes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and 1 favorable outcome (rolling a 6). Probability

= 1/6.

3. What is the probability of picking a red card from a deck of 52 cards?

There are 26 red cards in a deck, so the probability = 26/52 = 1/2.

4. If you roll two dice, what is the probability of getting a sum of 7?

There are 36 possible outcomes when rolling two dice, and 6 favorable outcomes that sum to 7
(1+6, 2+5, 3+4, 4+3, 5+2, 6+1). Probability = 6/36 = 1/6.

5. What is the probability of drawing an Ace from a standard deck of cards?

There are 4 Aces in a deck of 52 cards, so the probability = 4/52 = 1/13.

### Real-World Applications:

- Probability is used in weather forecasting to predict the likelihood of rain, storms, or other events.

- Probability is used in games of chance like lotteries, poker, or sports betting to determine odds.

- Businesses use probability to make decisions about risk and to calculate the chances of success

or failure of different projects.

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