QBK 2017

93202Q
932022
S
Scholarship 2017
Calculus
9.30 a.m. Friday 10 November 2017
Time allowed: Three hours
Total marks: 40
QUESTION BOOKLET
There are five questions in this booklet. Answer ALL FIVE questions.
Write your answers in Answer Booklet 93202A.
Pull out Formulae and Tables Booklet S–CALCF from the centre of this booklet.
Show ALL working. Start your answer to each question on a new page. Carefully number each question.
Answers developed using a CAS calculator require ALL commands to be shown. Correct answers only
will not be sufficient.
Check that this booklet has pages 2 – 6 in the correct order and that none of these pages is blank.
YOU MAY KEEP THIS BOOKLET AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION.
© New Zealand Qualifications Authority, 2017. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the prior permission of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority.
2
QUESTION ONE
(a) Determine ALL integers x and y such that x4 – y2 = 71.

Show algebraically that you have found ALL of the solutions.
x 2 − bx ax + c
(b) The equation = has two real roots of equal magnitude but opposite in sign.
p −1 p +1
bc
Prove that < 0.
a
(c) A (x0,y0) is a point on the parabola y2 = 4ax, a > 0.

AC is the tangent to the parabola at point A, where C is on the x-axis.
F is the focus of the parabola.
B is the point (0,y0) on the y-axis. Angle BAF is formed by joining points B and F to the given
point A.
Show that AC bisects angle BAF.
Diagram is
NOT to scale
(x0,y0)
B
A
x
C
F
3
QUESTION TWO C
(a) ABCD is a rectangle with

AB = 3 3 units S R

AD = 3 units
PQRS is a quadrilateral with
B
∠BRQ = ∠CRS D
∠CSR = ∠DSP
∠SPD = ∠APQ
Q
∠AQP = ∠BQR
P
∠APQ = θ and AP = x. Diagram is
NOT to scale
P is joined to R.
A
(i) Show that the perimeter of PQRS is
not dependent on x.
π
(ii) If θ = radians and x = 2, calculate the exact length of PR.
3
(b) Solve algebraically the system of equations:

x + y – z = 1 (1)
x2 + y2 – z2 = 5 – 2xy (2)
x3 + y3 – z3 = 43 – 3xy (3)
4
QUESTION THREE
dy
For y = x(x ), find 0. x = 2.
x
(a) =where
dx
You may use any valid algebraic techniques such as implicit differentiation and / or logarithms.
(b) Let y = ex sin x.
dy 1
(i) Show that = 2 2 e x sin x + .
dx 4
d2 y
(ii) Express in terms of exponential and sine functions only.
dx 2
dn y
(iii) Find an expression for and evaluate this expression at x = 0.
dx n
(c) The hyperbolic functions sinh x and cosh x are defined as follows:
1 x
sinh x =
2
(
e e x )
1
(
cosh x = e x + e x
2
)
The inverse function of sinh x is denoted by sinh–1 x.
(
d sinh −1 x )= 1
By implicit differentiation, or otherwise, show that .
dx x2 + 1
5
QUESTION FOUR
1 1
(a) Prove that ∫ tan x tan(2x)tan(3x)dx = ln cos x + 2 ln cos 2x − 3 ln cos 3x + c
(b) The length of a curve S expressed in polar coordinates is given by

2
2
dr
S= r +
2
d
d
1
Find the length of the entire curve r = a(1 – cos θ) in terms of the constant a.
In order to demonstrate shape, the curve for a = 2 is drawn below.
5�
6
�
6 4 2 2
7�
6

(c) According to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, the gravitational force F on an object of mass
m that has been projected vertically upward from the Earth’s surface is given by
mgR2
F=
(x + R)2
where x = x(t) is the object’s distance above the Earth’s surface at time t, R is the earth’s radius, and
g is the acceleration due to gravity. Also, by Newton’s second Law, F = ma, and so
mgR2
ma =
(x + R)2

Suppose a rocket is fired vertically upward with an initial velocity of v0. Let h be the maximum
height above the Earth’s surface reached by the object.
2gRh
Show that v0 =
R+ h
6
QUESTION FIVE
(a) (i) Prove the identity: cos(5θ) = 16cos5θ – 20cos3θ + 5cosθ
2π 4π 8π
(ii) Find a polynomial, in terms of cos θ, with roots cos , cos , and cos .
9 9 9
Hint: First find the general solution for cos(5θ ) = cos(4θ ).
(b) The sequence {an} is defined as follows:

{a1} = 2
{a2} = 7
1
{an+1 } = 2 ( an + an−1 ) where n ≥ 2

(i) Find an exact formula for the nth term of the sequence.
(ii) What is the limit of an as n → + ∞?
You may find the following formulae useful:
Tn = T1 + (n − 1)d
Tn = T1r n−1
n
Sn =
2
[ 2T1 + (n − 1)d ]
T (1− r n )
Sn = 1
1− r
— End of examination —
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93202Q

Write your answers in Answer Booklet 93202A.

YOU MAY KEEP THIS BOOKLET AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION.

© New Zealand Qualifications Authority, 2017. All rights reserved.

(a) Determine ALL integers x and y such that x4 – y2 = 71.

(c) A (x0,y0) is a point on the parabola y2 = 4ax, a > 0.

Show that AC bisects angle BAF.

(a) ABCD is a rectangle with

(b) Solve algebraically the system of equations:

(b) Let y = ex sin x.

(b) The length of a curve S expressed in polar coordinates is given by

In order to demonstrate shape, the curve for a = 2 is drawn below.

(a) (i) Prove the identity: cos(5θ) = 16cos5θ – 20cos3θ + 5cosθ

(b) The sequence {an} is defined as follows:

(ii) What is the limit of an as n → + ∞?

You may find the following formulae useful:

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