SISTER NIVEDITA GOVERNMENT NURSING COLLEGE

IGMC, SHIMLA

SUBJECT: OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING

HEALTH TALK: KANGAROO MOTHER CARE

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. Prema Negi Archita Sharma
Lecturer M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
Obstetrics And Gynecological Nursing SNGNC, IGMC
SNGNC, IGMC SHIMLA.
SHIMLA.
 HEALTH EDUCATION
GENERAL PROFILE

• Name of supervisor : Mrs. Prema Negi

• Name of the student- teacher : Archita Sharma

• Subject : Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing

• Topic : Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)

• Group : Postnatal Mothers

• Venue : Postnatal Ward

• Date and Time :

• Duration : 25-30 min

• Method of teaching : Lecture cum Discussion

• Audio-visual aids : Handouts, Flash Cards, Leaflets, Chart

• Previous knowledge of the group: The group has some knowledge regarding KMC.
 GENERAL OBJECTIVE: After the health talk, the group will gain more knowledge and develop desirable skill regarding KMC.
 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of health talk, group will be able to-
 define Kangaroo Mother Care.
 enlist components of KMC.
 discuss prerequisites of KMC.
 explain benefits of KMC.
 describe requirements of KMC implementation.
 enlist eligibility criteria for KMC.
 discuss preparation for KMC.
 explain KMC procedure.
 identify time of initiation of KMC.
 describe duration of KMC.
 explain about discontinuation of KMC.
 discuss about post discharge follow up.
S.No. Time Specific Content Teaching AV-Aid Evaluation
Objective Learning
Activity
1. 1 min To introduce SELF INTRODUCTION - - -
self. Good afternoon, everyone.
Myself Archita Sharma student of MSc. Nursing 1st year of Sister
Nivedita Govt. Nursing College, IGMC, Shimla.
Today I am standing in front of you to give health talk on Kangaroo
Mother Care.

2. 1 min To introduce INTRODUCTION Lecture cum - -

topic. Caring low birth weight babies is a great challenge for neonatal care Discussion
unit and family. The cost of quality management of these babies is
increasing day by day. Kangaroo mother care is a low-cost approach
for the care of low-birth-weight babies.

3. 1 min To define DEFINITION Lecture cum - Define Kangaroo

Kangaroo Kangaroo mother care is a special way of caring low birth weight Discussion Mother care.
Mother Care. infants by skin-to-skin contact. It promotes their health and
wellbeing by effective thermal control, breast feeding and bonding.
KMC is initiated in hospital and continued at home.
4. 1 min To explain the COMPONENTS Lecture cum Handouts What are the
components of In KMC, infant is continuously kept in skin to skin contact by mother Discussion components of
Kangaroo and breast fed exclusively to utmost extent. The two components are: Kangaroo Mother
Mother Care. - Skin to skin contact: Direct, continue and prolonged skin to care?
skin contact is provided between mother and her baby to
promote thermal control.
- Exclusive breast feeding: Skin to skin contact promotes
lactation and feeding interaction with exclusive breast
feeding for adequate nutrition and to improve desired weight
gain.

5. 2 min To describe the PRE-REQUISITES Lecture cum - What are the

prerequisites of - Support the mother: Mother needs support in hospital and Discussion prerequisites sites
Kangaroo home from care givers and family members. Counseling and of Kangaroo
mother care. supervision should be provided to the mother by health mother care ?
personnel in hospital where as mother requires assistance and
co-operation from her family members at home.
- Post discharge follow up: KMC should be continued at
home after discharge. For safe and successful KMC at home
a regular follow up should be arranged to solve problems and
evaluate health status of infant.
6. 3 min To explain the BENEFITS Lecture cum - What are the
benefits of  KMC helps in thermal control and metabolism. Prolonged, Discussion benefits of
Kangaroo continued and direct skin to skin contact between mother and Kangaroo
Mother care. neonate provides effective thermal control and reduces risk of Mother care ?
hypothermia.
 KMC results in increased duration and rate of breast feeding.

 KMC satisfies all five senses of infant. By feels warmth of

mother by skin-to-skin contact (touch), listen to mother’s
voice and heart beat (hearing), sucks the breast to feed (taste),
smells the mother’s odor (olfaction) and make eye contact
with mother.
 During KMC baby has more regular breathing and less
predisposition to apnea.
 KMC protects against nosocomial infections and reduces
incidence of severe illness including pneumonia during
infancy.
 Daily weight gain is slightly better with KMC; thus, duration
of hospital stay may be reduced.
 KMC facilitates best mother infant bondage due to
significantly less stress during kangarooing than in the
incubator care.
  KMC is often best method of transporting babies by keeping
them in continue skin to skin contact.
 Mother feels increased confidence, self-esteem, sense of
fulfilment and deep satisfaction with KMC.
 KMC does not require additional staff as compared to
incubator care.

7. 1 min To explain the REQUIREMENTS OF KMC IMPLEMENTATION Lecture cum - What are the
requirements of  Training of doctors, nurses and other staff in KMC Discussion requirements of
KMC especially who are involved in care of mother and baby. KMC
implementation.  Educational material like information booklet, pamphlets, implementation ?
poster, video film on KMC on local language.
 Reclining chairs or beds with adjustable backrest or pillow
or ordinary chair.
 No extra staff is required.

8. 3 min To tell about the ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR KMC Lecture cum Flashcards What is the
eligibility For baby: Discussion eligibility criteria
criteria for for KMC?
• All stable low birth weight babies are eligible for KMC. It is
KMC.
particularly useful for caring LBW infants weighing below
2000 gm.
• In a stable baby, KMC can be initiated soon after birth.
 • KMC should be started after baby is haemodynamically
stable.

• Sick LBW infants may take few days to initiate KMC, So

sick baby needs transfer to proper facility immediately.
Infants of birth weight less than 1200 gm with serious prematurity
related to morbidity may takes days to weeks to allow initiation of
KMC.

• KMC can be initiated who is otherwise stable but may still

be on IV fluid therapy, tube feeding and oxygen therapy.
For mothers:

• All mothers can provide KMC irrespective of age, parity,

education, culture and religion.
• Mother should be free of serious illness and able to take
adequate diet and supplements recommended by her doctor.
• She should maintain good hygiene, daily bath, change of
clothes, hand hygiene, short and clean finger nails etc.
• She should have supportive family and community to be
encouraged to continue KMC to her baby.

9. 2 min To explain the PREPARATION FOR KMC Lecture cum - What are the
preparation for preparations to be
 KMC. 1. Counseling: Discussion made for KMC?
 Explain benefits of KMC to mothers and their family.
 Demonstrate procedure to mother gently with patience.
 Answer the questions as asked by mother and family to
remove anxiety.
 Allow mother to interact with someone who have already
practicing KMC for her baby.
 Discus about procedures to mother in law, husband and any
other member of family.

2. Mother’s clothing:

 Mother should wear front open light dress.

 Mother can wear sari blouse, gown, shawl etc.
3. Baby’s clothing:

 Baby should be dressed with front open sleeveless shirt, cap,

socks, and nappy and hand gloves.
10. 4 min To explain the KMC PROCEDURE Lecture cum Chart Explain the KMC
KMC Kangaroo positioning Discussion procedure.
procedure.  The baby should be placed between mother’s breasts in an
upright position.
 Baby’s head should be turned to one side in a slightly
extended position which helps to make the airway open and
 allow eye to eye contact between mother and baby.
 Baby’s hips should be flexed and abducted in a frog like
position. The arms should be flexed and placed on mother’s
chest.
 Baby’s abdomen should be placed at level of mother’s
epigastric region.

Monitoring during KMC

 During initial stage of KMC, baby should be monitored for
airway, breathing, color and assess the warmth. Airway must
be kept clear with regular breathing.
 Baby’s neck should be neither too flexed nor too extended.

Feeding

 Mother needs breast feed her baby during KMC. Holding

baby near breast stimulates milk production and kangaroo
position make breast feeding easy.
 Baby could be fed with spoon and tube depends upon baby’s
condition.
Physiological support to mother

 Mother needs motivation to continue KMC; she should be

 encouraged to ask questions to remove anxiety.
Privacy

 Privacy should be maintained to avoid unnecessary exposure

on part of mother. This makes her nervous and demotivated.

11. 1 min To tell the time TIME OF INITIATION OF KMC Lecture cum Leaflets What is the time
of initiation of  KMC should be initiated gradually with a smooth transition Discussion for initiation of
KMC. from conventional care to continue KMC. KMC?
 KMC can be started as soon as the baby is stable.
 Short KMC session can be initiated during recovery with
ongoing medical treatment.
 KMC can be provided while baby is with gavage feeding.

12. 3 min To tell the DURATION OF KMC Lecture cum - What is the
duration of  Duration should not be less than one hour to avoid frequent Discussion duration of
KMC. handling which may be stressful to baby. KMC?
 Gradually length of KMC sessions should be increased up to
24 hours a day.
 KMC should be continued in postnatal ward and home.
 When mother is not available then other family member such
as father, grandmother can provide KMC.
 Can mother continue KMC during sleep and rest
4. Mother can sleep with baby in KMC position in semi
recumbent position about 15 -30 degree above the ground.
 A comfortable chair with adjustable back may be useful to
provide KMC during sleep and rest.
 Adjustable bed or several pillows or an ordinary bed can be
used to maintain position which decreases risk of apnea of
baby.
 Supporting garments can be used to carry the baby in
kangaroo position during sleep and rest.
 Father and family members can provide KMC to relieve
mother during rest.

13. 2 min To tell about DISCONTINUATION OF KMC Lecture cum - When is KMC to
when to  KMC can be continued until the baby gains weight around Discussion be discontinued ?
discontinue 2500 gm or reaches 40 weeks of post conception age.
KMC.  KMC can be discontinued if baby starts wriggling to show
discomfort and pulls limbs out, cries every time when mother
tries to put the baby back into skin contact.
 When mother and baby are comfortable, KMC can be
continued as long as possible at health facility or at home.
 Mother can provide skin to skin contact occasionally after the
 baby bath and during cold nights.

14. 1 min To tell about POST DISCHARGE FOLLOW UP Lecture cum - Discuss about
Post discharge  In general a baby is followed up once or twice a week till Discussion post discharge
follow up. baby reaches 2.5-3 kg of weight. follow up.
 There after a follow up once in 2-4 weeks may be
sufficient till 3 months of post conceptual age.

CONCLUSION
Kangaroo mother care is a special way of caring low birth weight infants by skin-to-skin contact. Two basic components of KMC are skin to skin
contact and exclusive breast feeding. Support to the mother and post discharge follow up are the prerequisites of KMC. KMC provides effective
thermal control and reduces risk of hypothermia. KMC results in increased duration and rate of breast feeding.
SUMMARY

Today, in this health talk on Kangaroo Mother Care, we discussed about:

 Introduction of Kangaroo Mother care.

 definition of Kangaroo Mother Care.
 components of KMC.
 prerequisites of KMC.
 benefits of KMC.
 requirements of KMC implementation.
  eligibility criteria for KMC.
 preparation for KMC.
 KMC procedure.
 time of initiation of KMC.
 duration of KMC.
 discontinuation of KMC.
 post discharge follow-up.

RECAPITUALIZATION

- What is Kangaroo Mother Care ?

- What are the components of Kangaroo Mother Care ?
- What are the benefits of Kangaroo Mother Care ?
- What are the eligibility criteria of Kangaroo Mother Care ?
- What is the time for discontinuation of Kangaroo Mother Care ?
BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Book References:

- Dutta Parul , Pediatric Nursing , 2nd Edition 2009, Jaypee Brother Medical Publication ; New Delhi
- Ghai O.P. , Essential Pediatrics , 5th Edition 2003 ,Mehta Publishers ; New Delhi
- Jacob Annamma. ”A Comprehensive Textbook of Midwifery and Gynaecological Nursing”. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publication.
Third Edition. PP 600603, 213-215.
 Net References:
- https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/kangaroo-mother-care-191721051/191721051
- https://www.nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/programmes/child-health/guidelines/Operational_Guidelines-
KMC_&_Optimal_feeding_of_Low_Birth_Weight_Infants.pdf