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    PRELIM NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Marivon Hilado Cagayanan

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PRELIM NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Marivon Hilado Cagayanan
    3 views1 page

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views1 page

    PRELIM NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Marivon Hilado Cagayanan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Direct current:

    1. The unidirectional flow of an electric charge is


    referred to as direct current. Current flows in
    one direction only
    2. Direct current can flow through conductors like
    wires, but it can also flow through
    semiconductors and even a vacuum.
    3. Electric current differs from alternating current
    in that it flows in a constant direction.
    4. Some examples of DC current are the mobile
    battery providing DC power, the laptop battery
    providing DC power, solar panels generating
    direct current (DC), and Power banks providing
    Analyzing rows 1, 2 and 3, we come to understand that
    DC power.
    doubling and tripling the voltage leads to doubling and a
    An alternating current can be defined as a current that
    tripling of the current in the circuit. Likewise, when we
    changes its magnitude and polarity at regular intervals
    compare rows 1 and 4 and rows 2 and 5, we come to
    of time. It can also be defined as an electrical current
    understand that doubling the total resistance serves to
    that repeatedly changes or reverses its direction
    halve the current in the circuit.
    opposite to that of Direct Current or DC, which always
    Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
    flows in a single direction
    Kirchhoff’s Current Law, often shortened to KCL, states
    AC is the form of current that is mostly used in different
    that “The algebraic sum of all currents entering and
    appliances. Some of the examples of alternating current
    exiting a node must equal zero.”
    include audio signal, radio signal, etc. An alternating
    Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)
    current has a wide advantage over DC as AC is able to
    The principle known as Kirchhoff’s Voltage
    transmit power over large distances without great loss
    Law (discovered in 1847 by Gustav R. Kirchhoff, a
    of energy.
    German physicist) can be stated as such:
    OHM’S LAW
    “The algebraic sum of all voltages in a loop must equal
    Ohm’s law states the relationship between electric
    zero”
    current and potential difference. The current that flows
    By algebraic, I mean accounting for signs (polarities) as
    through most conductors is directly proportional to the
    well as magnitudes. By loop, I mean any path traced
    voltage applied to it. Georg Simon Ohm, a German
    from one point in a circuit around to other points in that
    physicist was the first to verify Ohm’s law
    circuit, and finally back to the initial point.
    experimentally.
    V = IR
    Ohm’s law only holds true if the provided temperature
    and the other physical factors remain constant. In
    certain components, increasing the current raises
    the temperature. An example of this is the filament of a
    light bulb, in which the temperature rises as the current
    is increased. In this case, Ohm’s law cannot be
    applied. The lightbulb filament violates Ohm’s Law.
    Ohm’s Law Statement: Ohm’s law states that the
    voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the
    current flowing through it, provided all physical
    conditions and temperature, remain constant.
    Ohm’s Law Equation: V = IR, where V is the voltage
    across the conductor, I is the current flowing through
    the conductor and R is the resistance provided by the
    conductor to the flow of current.

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