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BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
Exercise 2.
Determine nodal displacements, elemental stress and reaction force for the Truss shown below. Take E=200 X103N/mm2, Poisson’s ratio as 0.3 and Area as 3250mm2
Analysis of Trusses Theory: A truss structure consists of only two force members. Therefore every truss element is in direct tension or compression. Loads are applied only at joints. The joints are assumed to be frictionless. i.e., pin joints. FEM can easily handle truss problems whether statically determinate and indeterminate. Also it can provide joint deflection and handle temperature changes.
Geometric Model:
FE Model:
GUI (Graphical User Interface) Procedure:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
1) File – Clear & Start New – Do not read File – Ok.
2) File-Save as - Select suitable Drive - enter file name as ‘Truss1.db’- ok.
3) ANSYS Main Menu - Preferences – Structural – ok.
(Used to specify type of analysis) Preprocessing steps: 4) ANSYS Main Menu - Preprocessor – Element type – Add/Edit/Delete – Add – Link – 3D finit stn 180 – ok – Close. (Used to select type of finite element) 6) Preprocessor – Material Props – Material Models – Structural (double click) – Linear – Elastic – Isotropic EX – 200e3 (in exponential form) PRXY – 0.3 - ok – Material – Exit. (Used to enter Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the given material) Prepocessor – section – link – add – Add link section with ID – 1 Section name – A Link area – 3250 – 0k
7) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – Nodes – In Active CS –
Node number - 1 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 0 0 0 - Apply Node number - 2 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 2000 3500 0 - Apply. Node number - 3 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 4000 0 0 - Apply. Node number - 4 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 6000 3500 0 - Apply Node number - 5 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 8000 0 0 - Apply. Node number - 6 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 10000 3500 0 - Apply. Node number - 7 X, Y, Z location in active CS – 12000 0 0 - Ok.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
(Used to create nodes depending on given geometry)
8) Preprocessor – Modeling – Create – Elements – auto numbered – Thru nodes – (click on nodes 1 and 2, 2 and 3 and so on upto 6 and 7) – ok. (Used to create elements in active CS) 9) Preprocessor – Loads – Define loads – Apply – Structural – Displacement – On nodes – [Select (click)1st node] – ok – (Select) All DOF – Apply. [Select (click)7th node] – ok – (Select) UY – ok. (Used to constraint nodes)
Nodes –– Direction of force/moment FY Select node 1-VALUE Force/moment value -300e3N - Apply. Select node 3-VALUE Force/moment value -200e3N - Apply. Select node 5-VALUE Force/moment value -300e3N - Apply. Select node 7-VALUE Force/moment value -400e3N - Ok. (Used to apply force or moments on nodes)
Processing: 10) Solution – Solve – Current LS –ok – Solution is done – Close. (Used to solve the problem) Post processing steps: 11) General post processor – Plot results – contour plots – nodal solutions – DOF solutions – displacement vector sum - Component of displacement – ok (capture the image for report) & tabulate the maximum displacement 8.3672 mm) 12) General post processor – Result viewer - - choose a result items – nodal solutions – DOF solutions – X component – icon plot results – capture image – close the window. 13) General Postproc – Element Table – Define Table – Add – (Scroll down and select) by Sequence num – (select) SMISC – (enter in blank space) SMISC, 1 - apply by Sequence num – (select) LS – (enter in blank space) LS,1 – ok – close the window.
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
(SMISC specifies elemental force and LS specifies axial stress in the element) 14) General Postproc – List Results – Nodal solutions – DOF solutions - X- component of displacement - ok (Lists the displacements at each node) 15) General Postproc – List Results – Elemental table data – (select both SMISC and LS) – ok. (Displays the stress of each element) 16) General Postproc – List Results – Reaction Solu – Struct force Fx – OK. (Displays the reaction forces at each constrained node) 17) PlotCtrls – Animate – Deformed Shape – Ok. (Animates the given model according to applied boundary conditions) 18) PlotCtrls – Symbols – All BC’s. (Displays the all applied boundary conditions) 19) PlotCtrls – Style – sixze & shape – 3D View of Truss structure. (Capture image to report) 20) File – Save as – Select the Directory – Truss 2.db – Ok.
Tabulate the nodal displacements, stresses & Reaction forces:
Nodal displacements: Results A.: NODAL SOLUTION- DISPLACEMENTS in mm
Node No. UX in mm UY in mm USUM in mm Remarks
Note: Highlight node number with maximum and minimum deflection.
Reaction forces:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore.
BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
REACTION SOLUTION: in Newton
NODE FX FY FZ
Total
Check: Fx= Fy=
Show reaction plot on the truss:
C: ELEMENTAL SOLUTION Specify:
Element No. Stress value
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Inference:
Identify the element with maximum stress:
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Vellore. BMEE306P - Computer Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis Lab
