Lesson 2
Lesson 2
Lesson 2
𝑭
𝑷 = = 𝜸𝒉 = 𝝆𝒈𝒉
𝑨
Where
The principle was first enunciated by the French scientist Blaise Pascal, states
that any force applied to a confined fluid is transmitted uniformly in all directions
throughout the fluid regardless of the shape of the container.
ATMOSPHERIC, GAUGE, AND ABSOLUTE PRESSURES
Consider two points 1 and 2 lie in the ends of fluid prism having a cross-sectional area A and
the length L. The fluid is at rest and its surface is free. The prism is therefore in equilibrium and
all forces acting on it sums up to zero.
𝐹𝑦 = 0
𝐹2 − 𝐹1 − 𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0
𝐹2 = 𝐹1 + 𝑊𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑝2 𝐴 = 𝑝1 𝐴 + 𝛾𝑉𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑝2 𝐴 = 𝑝1 𝐴 + 𝛾𝐿𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑝2 = 𝑝1 + 𝛾𝐿𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
Forces acting on a prism of fluid at rest 𝒑𝟐 = 𝒑𝟏 + 𝜸𝒉
PRESSURE BELOW LAYERS OF DIFFERENT LIQUIDS