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Sure, I can give you an example for all cases demonstrating it with a falling rod. Let’s assume the rod has a
length of 1 m, a mass of 2 kg, and is initially horizontal at a height of 2 m above the ground. The rod is fixed at
one end and is released from rest. We will use conservation of energy to find the angular velocity and the linear
velocity of the rod at different points during its fall. We will also assume there is no air resistance or friction.

Case 1: The force is applied at the center of mass of the rod. This means the force is parallel to the rod
and acts along its length. In this case, the work done by the force affects only the translational motion of
the rod, and not the rotational motion. Therefore, the force increases only the translational kinetic energy
of the rod, and not the rotational kinetic energy. The total mechanical energy of the rod is given by:

$$E = U + K_{trans} + K_{rot}$$

where $U$ is the gravitational potential energy, $K_{trans}$ is the translational kinetic energy, and $K_{rot}$
is the rotational kinetic energy. Since the force does not affect the rotational motion, we have $K_{rot} = 0$.
The gravitational potential energy is given by:

$$U = Mgh$$

where $M$ is the mass of the rod, $g$ is the gravitational acceleration, and $h$ is the height of the center of
mass of the rod. The translational kinetic energy is given by:

$$K_{trans} = \frac{1}{2}Mv_{cm}^2$$

where $v_{cm}$ is the velocity of the center of mass of the rod. Applying conservation of energy, we have:

$$E_i = E_f$$

where $E_i$ is the initial energy and $E_f$ is the final energy. Substituting the expressions for the energies, we
get:

$$Mgh_i + 0 + 0 = Mgh_f + \frac{1}{2}Mv_{cm}^2 + 0$$

Simplifying and solving for $v_{cm}$, we get:

$$v_{cm} = \sqrt{2g(h_i - h_f)}$$

where $h_i$ is the initial height and $h_f$ is the final height of the center of mass. Since the rod is initially
horizontal, we have $h_i = L/2$, where $L$ is the length of the rod. Since the rod is fixed at one end, we have
$h_f = L/2 - L\sin\theta$, where $\theta$ is the angle of the rod with the horizontal. Therefore, we can write:

$$v_{cm} = \sqrt{gL(1 - \sin\theta)}$$

This is the expression for the linear velocity of the center of mass of the rod as a function of the angle $\theta$.
For example, when $\theta = 0$, we have $v_{cm} = 0$, which makes sense since the rod is at rest. When
$\theta = \pi/2$, we have $v_{cm} = \sqrt{gL}$, which is the maximum velocity of the center of mass.

Case 2: The force is applied at the end of the rod. This means the force is perpendicular to the rod and
acts along its width. In this case, the work done by the force affects only the rotational motion of the rod,
and not the translational motion. Therefore, the force increases only the rotational kinetic energy of the
rod, and not the translational kinetic energy. The total mechanical energy of the rod is given by the same
equation as before, but now we have $K_{trans} = 0$. The rotational kinetic energy is given by:

$$K_{rot} = \frac{1}{2}I\omega^2$$

where $I$ is the moment of inertia of the rod about the fixed end, and $\omega$ is the angular velocity of the
rod. The moment of inertia of the rod about the fixed end is given by:

$$I = \frac{1}{3}ML^2$$
where $M$ is the mass of the rod and $L$ is the length of the rod. Applying conservation of energy, we have:

$$E_i = E_f$$

where $E_i$ is the initial energy and $E_f$ is the final energy. Substituting the expressions for the energies, we
get:

$$Mgh_i + 0 + 0 = Mgh_f + 0 + \frac{1}{2}I\omega^2$$

Simplifying and solving for $\omega$, we get:

$$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{6g}{L}(h_i - h_f)}$$

where $h_i$ is the initial height and $h_f$ is the final height of the center of mass. Since the rod is initially
horizontal, we have $h_i = L/2$, where $L$ is the length of the rod. Since the rod is fixed at one end, we have
$h_f = L/2 - L\sin\theta$, where $\theta$ is the angle of the rod with the horizontal. Therefore, we can write:

$$\omega = \sqrt{3g(1 - \sin\theta)}$$

This is the expression for the angular velocity of the rod as a function of the angle $\theta$. For example, when
$\theta = 0$, we have $\omega = 0$, which makes sense since the rod is at rest. When $\theta = \pi/2$, we have
$\omega = \sqrt{3g}$, which is the maximum angular velocity of the rod.

Case 3: The force is applied at an angle to the rod. This means the force has both a component parallel to
the rod and a component perpendicular to the rod. In this case, the work done by the force affects both
the translational and rotational motion of the rod. Therefore, the force increases both the translational
and rotational kinetic energy of the rod. The total mechanical energy of the rod is given by the same
equation as before, but now we have both $K_{trans}$ and $K_{rot}$ nonzero. The expressions for the
gravitational potential energy, the translational kinetic energy, and the rotational kinetic energy are the
same as before. Applying conservation of energy, we have:

$$E_i = E_f$$

where $E_i$ is the initial energy and $E_f$ is the final energy. Substituting the expressions for the energies, we
get:

$$Mgh_i + 0 + 0 = Mgh_f + \frac{1}{2}Mv_{cm}^2 + \frac{1}{2}I\omega^2$$

Simplifying and solving for $v_{cm}$ and $\omega$, we get:

$$v_{cm} = \sqrt{2g(h_i - h_f) - \frac{I}{M}\omega^2}$$

$$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{2g}{I}(h_i - h_f) - \frac{M}{I}v_{cm}^2}$$

where $h_i$ is the initial height and $h_f$ is the final height of the center of mass, $I$ is the moment of inertia
of the rod about the fixed end, and $M$ is the mass of the rod. These are the expressions for the linear velocity
of the center of mass and the angular velocity of the rod as functions of the angle $\theta$. However, they are
not independent of each other, as they are related by the following equation:

$$v_{cm} = \omega r$$

where $r$ is the distance from the center of mass to the fixed end, which is equal to $L/2$ for the rod.
Therefore, we can eliminate either $v_{cm}$ or $\omega$ from the equations and get a single expression for
the other. For example, if we eliminate $v_{cm}$, we get:

$$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{4g}{3L}(1 - \sin\theta)}$$

This is the expression for the angular velocity of the rod as a function of the angle $\theta$. For example, when
$\theta = 0$, we have $\omega = 0$, which makes sense since the rod is at rest. When $\theta = \pi/2$, we have
$\omega = \sqrt{4g/3L}$, which is the maximum angular velocity of the rod.

I hope this example helps you understand how the external force affects the translational and rotational motion
of the rod. If you want to learn more about rotational energy, you can check out these sources:
Rotational energy - Wikipedia
10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy - OpenStax
Rotational kinetic energy review (article) | Khan Academy