Lecture 9 sequential circuits
Lecture 9 sequential circuits
Lec. # 9
▪ Synchronous
Inputs Outputs
Combinational
Circuit
Flip-flops
Clock
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Latches
▪ SR Latch S R Q0 Q Q’
0 0 0 0 1
Q = Q0
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 1
1 10
Q=0
R Q
0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
Q=1
1 0 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 Q = Q’
1 1 1 0 0 Q = Q’
S Q
1 0
Transition Table
Or
Action Tble
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Latches
▪ SR Latch
S R Q
R Q Q0 No change
0 0
0 1 0 Reset
1 0 1 Set
S Q 1 1 Q=Q’=0 Invalid
S’ S S R Q
Q Invalid
0 0 Q=Q’=1
Set
0 1 1
Q 1 0 0 Reset
R’ R 1 1 Q0 No change
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Latches
▪ SR Latch
S R Q
R Q Q0 No change
0 0
0 1 0 Reset
1 0 1 Set
S Q 1 1 Q=Q’=0 Invalid
S S’ R’ Q
Q Invalid
0 0 Q=Q’=1
0 1 1 Set
Q 1 0 0 Reset
R Q0
1 1 No change
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Gated Latches
▪ SR Latch with Control Input
R R S S
Q Q
C C
S Q R Q
S R
C S R Q
No change
0 x x Q0
No change
1 0 0 Q0
Reset
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1 Set
1 1 1 Q=Q’ Invalid
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Exercise 1
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Gated Latches
▪ D Latch (D = Data) Timing Diagram
C
D S
Q
D
C
R Q
Q
t
EN or C C D Q
No change Output may change
0 x Q0
1 0 0 Reset
1 1 1 Set
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Gated Latches
▪ D Latch (D = Data) Timing Diagram
C
D S
Q
D
C
R Q
Q
1 1 1 Set
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Exercise 2
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Flip-Flops
▪ Controlled latches are level-triggered
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Flip-Flops
▪ Master-Slave D Flip-Flop
D D Q D Q Q
D Latch D Latch
C (Master) C (Slave)
Master Slave
CLK
CLK
QSlave
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Flip-Flops
▪ Edge-Triggered D Flip-Flop
D Q
Q Positive Edge
CLK
D Q
Q
D Negative Edge
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Flip-Flops
▪ JK Flip-Flop
J
D Q Q
K
CLK Q Q
J Q
D = JQ’ + K’Q K Q
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Flip-Flops
▪ T- Flip-Flop
T J Q T D Q
Q
K Q
T Q
D = JQ’ + K’Q
D = TQ’ + T’Q = T Q
Q
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Flip-Flop Characteristic Tables
D Q D Q(t+1)
Reset
0 0
Q 1 1 Set
J K Q(t+1)
J Q No change
0 0 Q(t)
0 1 0 Reset
K Q 1 0 1 Set
1 1 Q’(t) Toggle
T Q T Q(t+1)
No change
0 Q(t)
Q
1 Q’(t) Toggle
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Flip-Flop Characteristic Equations
D Q D Q(t+1)
0 0
Q 1 1 Q(t+1) = D
J K Q(t+1)
J Q 0 0 Q(t)
0 1 0 Q(t+1) = JQ’ + K’Q
K Q 1 0 1
1 1 Q’(t)
T Q T Q(t+1)
0 Q(t) Q(t+1) = T Q
Q
1 Q’(t)
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Exercise 3
▪ Store Data I1 D Q A1
I2 D Q A2
I3 D Q A3
CLK
R
Reset
Ripple Counters
▪ Ripple Asynchronous
Ripple Counters
▪ Ripple Asynchronous
3-bit Synchronous Counter