Design Module = Retaining Wall(Limit State Design

Method)

Country Code = Indian

Job Name = Retaining wall

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Input Pages Report

Options Data

Item Value Unit

Stem Profile Variable thickness in toe

Control Size based on User Input

F.S.Overturning 2

F.S.Sliding 1.5

Water Table Not Considered

Passive Pressure Yes

Vert Comp.of active earth Use

pressure

Geometry Data

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Item Value Unit

Wall Height 3 m

Base Width 3 m

Base Thickness. 0.3 m

Stem Top Thickness. 0.2 m

Toe slab to Base width ratio 0.2

Stem Bottom Thickness. 0.3 m

Water Table Height 1 m

Unit Weight of Water 0 kg/m3

Soil Condition

Item Value Unit

Angle of internal friction 30

Unit Weight.of soil 1800 kg/m3

Gross Bearing.Capacity 100 kN/m2

Friction Coefficient 0.5

Depth of Soil (Passive) 2.5 m

Unit Wt.of soil(Passive) 1800 kg/m3

Angle of internal 30
friction(Passive)

Factor of Safety(Passive) 0.5

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Surcharge Pressure

Item Value Unit

Surcharge Pressure 30 kN/m2

Surcharge Angle 16

Whether Shear Key provided No

Shear Key Depth 0.3 m

Shear Key Width 0.3 m

FOS for PP in S.Key 0.5

Calculation

Coeff. of friction btwn. soil & 0.4

soil

Material Properties

Item Value Unit

Fc M20

Fy Fe 415

Unit Weight of Concrete 2500 kg/m3

Reinforcement Details

Item Value Unit

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Clear Cover 0.05 m

Min. % of Reinforcement 0.12

Load Factor 1.5

Dia of Main Reinf(Heel) 16

Dia of Main Reinf(Toe) 16

Dia of Main Reinf(Stem) 16

Dia of Distb Reinf(Heel) 12

Dia of Distb Reinf(Toe) 12

Dia of Distb Reinf(Stem) 12

Min. Allowable Spacing 0.05 m

Max. Allowable Spacing 0.25 m

Shear Consideration Increase Steel %

Main Steel % (Heel) 0

Main Steel % (Toe) 0

Main Steel % (Stem) 0

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 Calculation Sheet Report

DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Design Parameters
Height of Retaining wall (H) = 3000.000 mm

Thickness of base (Tb) = 300.000 mm

Thickness of stem at top (Tst) = 200.000 mm

Unit weight of concrete (c) = 24.465 kN/cubic m

Unit weight of soil on Heel slab (s) = 17.615 kN/cubic m

Angle of internal friction for soil on heel (a) = 30.0 0

Depth of soil on toe side from top of wall (Hp) = 2500.000 mm

Unit weight of soil on Toe slab(p) = 17.615 kN/cubic m

Angle of internal friction of Toe soil (p) = 30.0 0

Factor of Safety against Passive Pressure (FOS) = 0.500

Surcharge Angle ( ) = 16.0 0

Surcharge Pressure (Ps) = 0.030 N/sq.m

Coeff of friction between soil and base slab ( ) = 0.500

Characteristic strength of concrete (fck) = 20 N/sq.mm

Characteristic strength of steel (fy) = 415 N/sq.mm

Load Factor (k) = 1.500

Clear Cover to main reinforcement (Cc) = 50.000 mm

Minimum percentage of reinforcement (Ptmin) = 0.120 %

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Dia of main reinforcement in heel slab ( 1 ) = 16.000 mm

Dia of main reinforcement in Toe slab ( 2 ) = 16.000 mm

Dia of main reinforcement in stem ( 3 ) = 16.000 mm

Dia of Distribution Reinf in Heel slab ( d1 ) = 12.000 mm

Dia of Distribution Reinf in Toe slab ( d2 ) = 12.000 mm

Dia of Distribution Reinf in Stem ( d3 ) = 12.000 mm

Minimum allowable spacing (Smin) = 50.000 m

Maximum allowable spacing (Smax) = 250.000 m

Stability check
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure (Ka) = 0.379

Coefficient of Passive Earth Pressure (Kp) = 3.000

Ratio of Toe slab width to Base width ( ) = 0.200

Base width of Retaining wall (B) = 3000.000 mm

Thickness of stem at bottom(Tsb) = 300.000 mm

Width of Toe slab (Bt) = x B = 600.000 mm

Width of Heel slab (Bh) = B - Bt - Tsb = 2100.000 mm

Total Active Earth Force on Retaining wall = 43.363 N

Total Passive Earth Force on Retaining wall = 3.303 N

Total Lateral Force due to Surcharge = 41.004 N

Net moment due to horizontal component of earth pressure (Mh) = -120489.258 N mm

Net moment due to vertical component of earth pressure (Mv) = 69763.533 N mm

Total Weight (W) = 214.824 N

Total Moment about Toe (M) = 339036.072 N mm

Overturning Moment (Mo) = 121039.724 N mm

Restoring Moment (Mr) = 460075.797 N mm

eccentricity from toe end (Xa) = 1424.052 mm

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eccentricity from centre (e) = B/2 - Xa = 75.948 mm

e < = B/6 So Tension doesn't occur. Hence OK

Factor of safety against overturning (Fso) = Mr/Mo = 3.801

Fso > = FSOvt So safe against overturning

Factor of safety against sliding (Fss) = 1.509

Fss > Fsslide So safe against sliding

Pressure Distribution
Maximum Bearing Pressure (Pmax) = 91.414 kN/sq.m

Minimum Bearing Pressure (Pmin)= 67.305 kN/sq.m

Pmax < Bearing capacity of soil So OK

Design of heel slab

Moment about face of stem (Mhc) = 45597.729 N mm

Shear at face of stem (Vhc) = 33.696 N

Factored Moment (Mhcu) = K x Mhc = 68396.593 N mm

Factored shear (Vhcu) = K x Vhc = 50.544 N

Effective depth of Heel slab (dH) = Tb - Cc - 1 /2 = 242.000 mm

Limiting moment(Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm

Mu,lim > Mhcu So a single reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.

Area of steel required in Heel (Ast1) = 843.860 sq.mm

C/S area of main steel bar (A 1 ) x 1 2 /4.0 = 201.143 sq.mm

Spacing of main reinf required (S1 required) = b x A 1 /Ast1 = 238.361 mm

Spacing of main reinf provided (S1 provided) minimum (3 x dH ,450,Smax,S1required)= 235.000

mm

Area of steel provided in Heel(Ast1_prov) = b x A 1 /S1 = 855.927 sq.mm

Percentage of steel provided (Pth) = 100 x Ast1_prov/(b x dH) = 0.354 %

Distribution steel area in Heel (Astd1) = Ptmin x b x dH/100 = 0.290 sq.mm

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C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d1 ) x d1 2 /4.0 = 113.143 mm

Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd1 required) = b x A d1 /Astd1 = 389.610 mm

Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd1 provided) minimum(450,5 x dH,Sd1required) = 300.000

mm

Developed shear stress ( hc,dev ) = Vhcu/(b x dH) = 0.209 N/sq.mm

Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/sq.mm

hc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.

Shear strength (c1 ) = 0.416 N/sq.mm

Developed Shear stress ( hc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,1 ) Hence OK

Design of toe slab

Moment about face of stem (Mtc) = 14209.915 N mm

Shear at face of stem (Vtc) = 46.884 N

Factored Moment (Mtcu) = k x Mtc = 21314.872 N mm

Factored Shear (Vtcu) = k x Vtc = 70.326 N

Effective depth of toe slab (dT) = Tb - Cc - 2 /2 = 242.000 mm

Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm

Mu,lim > Mtcu So a singly reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.

Area of steel required in Toe (Ast2) = 249.278 sq.mm

C/S area of main steel bar (A 2 ) = x 2 2 /4.0 = 201.143 sq.mm

Spacing of main reinf required (S2 required) = b x A 2 /Ast2 = 692.641 mm

Spacing of main reinf provided (S2 provided) minimum(3 x dT ,450,Smax,S2required)= 250.000

mm

Area of steel provided in Toe (Ast2_prov) = b x A 2 /S2 = 804.571 sq.mm

Percentage of steel provided (Ptt) = 100 x Ast2_prov/(b x dT) = 0.332 %

Distribution steel area in Toe (Astd2) = Ptmin x b x dT/100 = 0.290 sq.mm

C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d2 ) x d2 2 /4.0 = 113.143 sq.mm

Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd2 required) = b x A d2 /Astd2 = 389.610 mm

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Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd2 provided) minimum(5 x dT,450,Sd2required) = 300.000
mm

Developed shear stress ( tc,dev ) = Vtcu/(b x dT) = 0.291 N/sq.mm

Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/sq.mm

tc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.

Shear strength ( c2 ) = 0.405 N/sq.mm

Developed Shear stress ( tc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,2 ) Hence OK.

Design of stem
Moment about base of stem (Msc) = 60960.595 N mm

Shear at stem base (Vsc) = 52.962 N

Factored moment (Mscu) = k x Msc = 91440.893 N mm

Factored Shear (Vscu) = k x Vsc = 79.443 N

Effective depth of stem (ds) = Tsb - Cc - 3 /2 = 242.000 mm

Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm

Mu,lim > Mscu So a single reinforced sectionwould suffice. Hence OK.

Area of main steel required in stem (Ast3) = 1162.399 sq.mm

C/S area of main steel bar (A 3 ) x 3 2 /4.0 = 201.143 mm

Spacing of main reinf required (S3 required) = b x A 3 /Ast3 = 173.041 mm

Spacing of main reinf provided (S3 provided) minimum(3 x dS,450,Smax,S3required) = 170.000

mm

Area of steel provided in stem (Ast3_prov) = b x A 3 /S3 = 1183.193 sq.mm

Percentage of steel provided (Pts) = 100 x Ast3_prov/(b x ds) = 0.489 %

Distribution steel area in stem (Astd3) = Ptmin x b x ds/100 = 0.230 sq.mm

C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d3 ) x d3 2 /4.0 = 113.143 sq.mm

Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd3 required) = b x A d3 /Astd3 = 491.071 mm

Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd3 provided) minimum(5 x ds,450,Sd3required) = 300.000

mm

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Developed shear stress ( sc,dev ) = Vscu/(b x ds) = 0.328 N/sq.mm

Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/sq.mm

sc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.

Shear strength ( c3 ) = 0.474 N/sq.mm

Developed Shear stress ( sc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,3 ) Hence OK.

Calculation of Concrete Quantity

Quantity of concrete per metre length = 1.665 m3

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