Maths Question Bank

CBSE Mathematics Class 12 Sample Paper 01 Solutions Page 1
Sample Paper 01 Solutions

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
Mathematics (Code-041)
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them :
1. This Question paper contains 38 questions. All questions are compulsory.
2. This Question paper is divided into five Sections - A, B, C, D and E.
3. In Section A, Questions no. 1 to 18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and Questions no. 19 and 20 are
Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
4. In Section B, Questions no. 21 to 25 are Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions, carrying 2 marks each.
5. In Section C, Questions no. 26 to 31 are Short Answer (SA)-type questions, carrying 3 marks each.
6. In Section D, Questions no. 32 to 35 are Long Answer (LA)-type questions, carrying 5 marks each.
7. In Section E, Questions no. 36 to 38 are Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
8. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided some questions.
9. Use of calculators is not allowed.
R1 2 4V
S W
Section - A 3. The symmetric part of the matrix A = S6 8 2W is
SS2 - 2 7WW
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. equal to T X
R 0 - 2 - 1V R1 4 3V
1. If f (x) = log e (log e x), then f' (e) is equal to S W S W
(a) S- 2 0 - 2W (b) S2 8 0W
(a) e-1 (b) e SS- 1 - 2 0 WW SS3 0 7WW
(c) 1 (d) 0 RT 0 - 2 1V X RT1 4 3XV
Sol : S W S W
(c) S 2 0 2W (d) S4 8 0W
Given, SS- 1 2 0WW SS3 0 7WW
T X T X
f (x) = log e (log e x)
Sol :
f' (x) = 1 & f' (e) = 1 R1 2 4V
x log e (x) e S W
Thus (a) is correct option. We have A = S6 8 2W
SS2 - 2 7WW
2. The degree of the differential equation T X
Symmetric part of A,
dy dy 2 dy 3
x = 1 + b l + 1 b l + 1 b l + ..., is R1 2 4V R1 6 2 VW
dx 2! dx 3! dx
2 [A A'] = 2 *SS6 8 2WW + SS2 8 - 2W4
1 1 S W S
(a) 3 (b) 2 +
S2 - 2 7W S4 2 7 WW
(c) 1 (d) not defined T X T X
R2 8 6 V R1 4 3VW
Sol :
= 1 *S8 16 0 W + S4 8 0W4
S W S
Given differential equation is 2 S
S6 0 14WW SS3 0 7WW
dy 1 dy 2 1 dy 3 T X T X
dx 2! b dx l 3! b dx l
x = 1+ + + + ... Thus (b) is correct option.
dy
x - 1 m dx is
dy 2
x = e dx &
dx
= log e x 4. The value of #c
x
Hence, degree of differential equation is 1. 2
(a) x + log x - 2x + C
Thus (c) is correct option. 2
2
(b) x + log x + 2x + C
2
Page 2 Sample Paper 01 Solutions CBSE Mathematics Class 12
= tan-1 tan a p - x k = p - x
2
(c) x - log x - 2x + C 4 2 4 2
2
dy
(d) None of these =- 1
dx 2
Sol : Thus (a) is correct option.
x - 1 m dx
2
#c 7. The area of enclosed by y = 3x - 5 , y = 0 , x = 3
x and x = 5 is
(a) 12 sq units
= # cx + x1 - 2 # x # 1 m dx
x (b) 13 sq units
(c) 13 1 sq units
= # bx + x1 - 2ldx 2
(d) 14 sq units
= # x dx + # x1 dx - 2 # 1 dx Sol :
The region is bounded by the curves y = 3x - 5 ,
2
= x + log x - 2x + C y = 0 , x = 3 and x = 5 .
2
Thus (a) is correct option.
dy ax + g
5. The solution of = represents a circle,
dx by + f
when
(a) a = b (b) a =- b
(c) a =- 2b (d) a = 2b
Sol :
(b) We have,
dy ax + g
=
dx by + f
(by + f) dy = (ax + g) dx
Integrating both sides, we have
by2 2
+ fy = ax + gx + C
2 2 5
ax2 - by2 + 2gx - 2fy + C = 0 Required area = # (3x - 5) dx
3
which represents a circle, if a =- b .
2 5
Thus (b) is correct option. = : 3x - 5x D
2 3
6. If y = tan-1 1 - sin x , then the value of dy at = b - 25 l - b 27 - 15 l

75
1 + sin x dx 2 2
x = p is = 75 - 25 - 27 + 15
6 2 2
(a) - 1 (b) 1 = 48 - 10 = 14 sq units
2 2 2
(c) 1 (d) - 1 Thus (d) is correct option.
Sol :
8. The general solution of the differential equation
Given, dy
= ey (ex + e-x + 2x) is
1 - sin x dx
y = tan-1
1 + sin x (a) e-y = ex - e-x + x2 + C
1 - cos a p - x k (b) e-y = e-x - ex - x2 + C
-1 2
= tan (c) e-y = - e-x - ex - x2 + C
1 + cos a p - x k
2 (d) ey = e-x + ex + x2 + C
Sol : 11. The area of the region bounded by the lines y = mx,
Given, x = 1, x = 2 and X -axis is 6 sq units, then m is
equal to
dy
= ey (ex + e-x + 2x) (a) 3 (b) 1
dx
dy (c) 2 (d) 4
= dx (ex + e-x + 2x)
ey Sol :
Integrating both sides, we have Given, equation of line is y = mx and bounded by
x = 1, x = 2 and X -axis.
# dy
ey
= # dx (ex + e-x + 2x)
e-y = ex - e-x + x2 + C
e-y = e-x - ex - x2 + C
Thus (b) is correct option.
9. If l (3it + 2tj - 6kt) is a unit vector, then the value

of l is
(a) ! 1 (b) ! 7
7
(c) ! 43 (d) ! 1
43
Sol :
Now,
(3it + 2tj - 6kt) = 32 + 22 + (- 6) 2
= 9 + 4 + 36 = 49 = 7
Since, l (3it + 2tj - 6kt) is a unit vector. Required area = #
2
mx dx
1
l =! 1 =! 1 2 2
3it + 2tj - 6kt 7 6 = m :x D & 6 = m b 4 - 1 l
2 1 2 2
Thus (a) is correct option. 3
6 = mx
2
10. If av = it - 2tj + 3kt and bv is a vector such that
2 m =4
av $ bv = bv and av - bv = 7 , then bv is equal to
Thus (d) is correct option.
(a) 7 (b) 3
(c) 7 (d) 3 12. The direction cosines of the line joining the points
(4, 3, - 5) and (- 2, 1, - 8) are
Sol :
(a) b 6 , 2 , 3 l (b) b 2 , 3 , - 6 l
7 7 7 7 7 7
Given, av = it - 2tj + 3kt
2 (c) b 6 , 3 , 2 l (d) None of these
av $ bv = bv 7 7 7
2 Sol :
and av - bv = 7 & av - bv = 7
2 2
Let the points be P = (4, 3, - 5) and Q = (- 2, , - 8) .
av + bv - 2av $ bv = 7
Now, PQ = (- 2 - 4) 2 + (1 - 3) 2 + (- 8 + 5) 2
2 2
( 1 + 4 + 9 ) 2 + bv - 2 bv =7
= 36 + 4 + 9 = 49 = 7
2
14 - bv =7 DC’s of line are
y - y1
l = x2 - x1 , m = 2
2
bv =7 and
PQ PQ
bv = 7 n = z2 - z1
PQ
Sol :
l = 6, m = 2, n = 3
7 7 7
P bG l = 7 C1 = 4 and P b G l = 7 C1 = 3
4 3
Thus (a) is correct option. A C1 7 B C1 7

13. The least, value of the function f (x) = ax + b/x , P ^B h $ P b G l
B B
a 2 0 , b 2 0 , x 2 0 is Now, P b l =
G P Âh P b l + P ^B h P b G l
G
(a) ab (b) 2 a A B
b
b 1$3
(c) 2 (d) 2 ab
a = 2 7 =3
Sol : 1$4+1$3 7
2 7 2 7
We have f (x) = ax + b , a , b , x 2 0 Thus (c) is correct option.
x
b
f' (x) = a - 2 16. Find the area of a curve xy = 4 , bounded by the
x lines x = 1 and x = 3 and X -axis.
For maxima or minima, putting f l (x) = 0 we have (a) log 12 (b) log 64
x2 = b , x = ! b (c) log 81 (d) log 27

a a
Sol :
b d2 y
At x = , 20 Given curve is xy = 4 .
a dx2
So, f (x) attains its minima at x = b/a and the
minimum value is 2 ab .
14. If the lines 1 -3 x = y2-a2 = z -2 3 and x3-a1 = y - 1 = 6-z

5
are perpendicular, then the value of a is
(a) - 10 (b) 10
7 7
(c) - 10 (d) 10
11 11
Sol :
Given lines can be rewritten as
x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 and
-3 3a 2
x-1 = y - 1
= z-6
3a 1 -5
Since, lines are perpendicular.
Required area = # 4 dx = 4 $ [log x] 3
3
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0 1 x 1
(- 3) (3a) + 2a (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0 = 4 (log 3 - log 1)
- 9a + 2a - 10 = 0 = 4 log 3 = log 81
Thus (c) is correct option.
a =- 10
7
15. A bag A contains 4 green and 3 red balls and bog B

contains 4 red and 3 green balls. One bag is taken at 17. If P Âh = 4 , and Q Â k B h = 7 , then P c B m is
5 10 A
random and a ball is drawn and noted to be green. equal to
The probability that it comes from bag B is
(a) 1 (b) 1
(a) 2 (b) 2 10 8
7 3
(c) 7 (d) 17
(c) 3 (d) 1 8 20
7 3
Sol : (b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a

correct explanation for assertion.
We have, P Âh = 4 , P Â k B h = 7
5 10 (c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
7 (d) Assertion is false, reason is true.
P Â k B h 10
P ^B/Ah = = =7 Sol :
P Âh 4 8
5
d {f (x)}
Thus (c) is correct option. As we know that, # =- 1 + C
{f (x)} 2 f (x)
18. The point on the curve x2 = 2y which is nearest to So, given Reason is true.
the point (0, 5) is
# ex + dx = # ex dx
(a) `2 2 , 4 j (b) `2 2 , 0j Now
e-x + 2 e + 2e x + 1
2x
(c) ^0, 0h (d) ^2, 2h

= # ex dx
Sol : (ex + 1) 2
Let A ^x1, y1h be any point on the curve x2 = 2y . d (ex + 1)
= #
ê + 1h2
x
x12 = 2y1 ...(1)
Let B ^0, 5h be the given point. = = x- 1 + C
e +1
AB = S = ^x1 - 0h2 + ^y2 - 5h2 Hence, Assertion is false; reason is true.
S = x + ^y1 - 5h2
2
1
2 Thus (d) is correct option.
S2 = z (Let) = x12 + ^y1 - 5h2

20. Assertion : # xex dx = ex + C
z = 2y1 + ^y1 - 5h 2 (x + 1) 2 x+1
dz = 2 + 2 y - 5 Reason : # ex {f (x) + f ' (x)} dx = ex f (x) + C

dy1 ^ 1 h
(a) Assertion is true, reason is true, reason is a
For maxima and minima, dz = 0 correct explanation for assertion.
dy1
(b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a
2 + 2 ^y1 - 5h = 0 correct explanation for assertion.
1 + y1 - 5 = 0 (c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
y1 - 4 = 0 (d) Assertion is false, reason is true.
Sol :
y1 = 4
From eq. (1), we get As we know that, # ex {f (x) + f ' (x)} dx = ex f (x) + C
So, given reason is true.
x12 = 2 # 4
xex dx = (x + 1 - 1) x
x12 = 8 Now, # # e dx
(x + 1) 2 (x + 1) 2
x1 = ! 2 2 1 - 1
= fex '
(x + 1) (x + 1) 2 1
dx
2
d z = 2 2 0 (minima)
dy12 Let f (x) = 1
(x + 1)
Thus, required points are `2 2 , 4 j and `- 2 2 , 4 j .
Thus (a) is correct option. then, f ' (x) = -1
(x + 1) 2
19. Assertion : # ex + dx
e-x + 2
= 1 +C
ex + 1 xex dx = ex + C
So, # (x + 1)
(x + 1) 2
d {f (x)}
Reason : # =- 1 + C Hence, Both Assertion and reason are true and
{f (x)} 2 f (x)
reason is correct explanation for assertion
Section - B d2 y dy
2 - 4 dx + 4y = 0
dx
This section comprises of very short answer
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. d2 y dy
Thus, 2 - 4y dx + 4y = 0 is the required
dx
21. Find the magnitude of each of the two vectors av differential equation.
and bv , having the same magnitude such that the
angle between them is 60c and their scalar product 23. Differentiate tan-1 b 1 + cos x l with respect to x .
sin x
is 9 .
2
Sol :
Sol :
Given, two vectors av and bv such that av = bv , We have y = tan-1 b 1 + cos x l

sin x
av $ bv = 9 and angle between them is 60c. 2 cos2 x2
= tan-1 e
2 sin x2 cos x2 o
2
If q is angle between av and bv then we have
cos x2
= tan-1 e
av $ bv = av bv cos q , sin x2 o
Substituting values we obtain = tan-1 `cot x j
2
9 = av $ av cos 60c
2 = p - cot-1 a cot x k
2 2
1 $ av 2 = 9 cos 60c = 1 p x
2 2 2 = -
2 2
2
a =9
v
Differentiating w.r.t. x , we get
av = 3 dy
= 0 - 1 =- 1
magnitude cannot be negative] dx 2 2
Thus, av = bv = 3 or
22. Find the general solution of differential equation If y = sin-1 (6x 1 - 9x2 ), - 1 1 x 1 1 , then
dy 3 2 3 2
y = e2x â + bx h find
dx
.
Sol : Sol :
Given: y = e2x â + bx h ...(1) We have y = sin-1 (6x 1 - 9x2 )

Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get or y = sin-1 (2 $ 3x 1 - (3x) 2 )
dy Substituting 3x = sin q , we have
= e2x $ b + â + bx h $ 2e2x
dx y = sin-1 (2 sin q 1 - sin2 q )
dy = sin-1 (2 sin q $ cos q)
= b $ e2x + 2y [From eq. (1)]
dx
dy = sin-1 (sin 2q)
b $ e2x = - 2y ...(2)
dx = 2q
Differentiating eq. (2) w.r.t. x , we get
Thus y = 2 sin-1 (3x)
2
dy dy
2b $ e2x = -2 dy 2
dx2 dx dx
= (3)
1 - 9x 2
dy d2 y dy
2 : - 2y D = 2 - 2 [From eq. (2)] dy
= 6
dx dx dx dx 1 - 9x 2
dy d2 y dy
2 - 4y = 2 - 2
dx dx dx
24. Suppose a girls throws a die. If she gets 1 or 2, she RHS = 9I - A

tosses a coin three times and notes the number of
1 0 2 -3
= 9> H - >
-4 7 H
tails. If she gets 3, 4, 5 or 6, she tosses a coin once
gets notes whether a ‘head’ or ‘tail’ is obtained. 0 1
If she obtained exactly one ‘tail’, what is the 9 0 2 -3 7 3
= > H->
- 4 7 H >4 2H
probability that she threw 3, 4 ,5 or 6 with the die? =
0 9
Sol :
= 2A-1 [using Eq. (i)]
Let E1 be the event that the girl gets 1 or 2, E2 be
the event that the girl gets 3, 4, 5 or 6 and A be the = LHS Hence proved.
event that the girl gets exactly a tail.
Then, P Ê1h = 2 = 1
6 3
Section - C
and P Ê2h = 4 = 2
6 3
This section comprises of short answer
Probability of getting exactly one tail when a coin type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
is tossed three times)
26. Find the values of a and b such that the function
Pb A l = 3 defined as follows is continuous.
E1 8
Probability of getting exactly a tail when a coin is x + 2, x#2
tossed once f (x) = *ax + b, 2 1 x 1 5
3x - 2, x$5
Pb A l = 1
E2 2
Sol :
Now, required probability
k (x2 + 2), if x # 0
Let f (x) = * is continuous at x = 0
P Ê2h $ P b A l 3x + 1, if x 2 0
E2 E2
Pa A k =
P Ê1h $ P b l + P Ê2h $ P b A l
A Then, LHL = RHL = f (0) ...(i)
E1 E2
2
$ 1 1
8 Here, LHL = lim f (x) = lim k (x2 + 2)
= 1 33 22 1 = 1 3 1 = x " 0- x " 0-
3 $ 8 + 3 $ 2 8 + 3
11
= lim k [(0 - h) 2 + 2]
h"0
2 -3
25. Given A = >
-4 7 H
, compute A-1 and show that [put x = 0 - h ; when x " 0- , then h " 0 ]
= lim k (h2 + 2)
2A-1 = 9I - A . h"0
Sol : LHL = 2k
2 -3 and RHL = lim f (x) = lim (3x + 1)

A =>
-4 7 H
x " 0+ x " 0+
We have,
= lim [3 (0 + h) + 1]
h"0
2 -3
Here, A = [put x = 0 + h ; when x " 0+ , then h " 0 ]
-4 7
= 14 - 12 = 2 RHL = 1
Since A ! 0 , therefore A-1 exists. From Eq. (i), we have
7 3 LHL = RHL
Now, adj (A) = > H
4 2 2k = 1
A-1 = 1 adj (A) k =1
A 2
Now, let us check the continuity of the given
7 3
= 1>
2 4 2H ...(i) function f (x) at x = 1.
Consider, lim f (x) = lim 3x + 1
x"1 x"1
Now 2A-1 = 9I - A
[a f (x) = 3x + 1 for x 2 0]
= 4 = f (1) I = dt
#
[a f (1) = 3 + 1 = 4] (t + 1) (t + 2) 2
a f (x) is continuous at x = 1 Now 1 = A + B + C 2
(t + 1) (t + 2) 2 t + 1 t + 2 (t + 2)
27. Let R be a relation defined on the set of natural 1 A (t + 2) 2 + B (t + 1) (t + 2) + C (t + 1)
numbers N as follow: 2 =
(t + 1) (t + 2) (t + 1) (t + 2) 2
R = $^x, y h: x d N, y d N and 2x + y = 24. 1 = A (t + 2) 2 + B (t + 1) (t + 2) + C (t + 1) ...(1)
Find the domain and range of the relation R . Also, Substituting t =- 1 in eq. (1), we get
find if R is an equivalence relation or not. 1 = A (- 1 + 2) 2 + 0 + 0 & 1 = A
Sol : Substituting t =- 2 in eq. (i), we get
R = ^1, 22h, ^2, 20h, ^3, 18h, ^4, 16h, ^5, 14h, ^6, 12h , 1 = 0 + 0 + C (- 2 + 1) & 1 = - C & C =- 1
Comparing the coefficient of x2 of both side in eq
^7, 10h, ^8, 8h, ^9, 6h, ^10, 4h, ^11, 2h
(1) we have
Domain = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
0 = A+B
Range = "2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22,
Thus A = - B =- 1
Since ^1, 22h d R but ^22, 1h d
Y R
Now 1 = 1 - 1 - 1
Thus R is not symmetric. (t + 1) (t + 2) 2 t + 1 t + 2 (t + 2) 2
Therefore R is not an equivalence relation.
I = # 1 dt - # 1 dt - # 1 dt
t+1 t+2 (t + 2) 2
28. Find a vector of magnitude 5 units and parallel to
the resultant of av = 2it + 3tj - kt and bv = it - 2tj + kt. (t + 2) -1
= log t + 1 - log t + 2 - +C
-1
Sol :
= log t + 1 - log t + 2 + 1 + C
We have av = 2it + 3tj - kt and (t + 2)
= log x2 + 1 - log x2 + 2 + 1 +C
bv = it - 2tj + kt. (x2 + 2)
Now, resultant of above vectors,
or
cv = av + bv 2
Integrate w.r.t. x , x - 3x + 1.
= (2it + 3tj - kt) + (it - 2tj + kt) 1 - x2
= 3it + jt Sol :
Now, unit vector ct in the direction of cv is c x2 - 3x + 1

v
We have I = #
cv 1 - x2
cv 3it + tj
c = = 2
= (- 1) # - x + 3x - 1 dx
t
cv 32 + 12
1 - x2
2
3it + tj
= = 3 it + 1 tj = (- 1) # 1 - x + 3x2 - 2 dx
10 10 10 1-x
2
Hence, vector of magnitude 5 units and parallel to = (- 1) # = 1 - x 2 + 3x - 22 G dx
resultant of av and bv is 1-x 1-x
= (- 1) # ; 1 - x2 + # 3x - 22 E dx
5 c 3 it + 1 tj m = 15 it + 5 tj 1-x
10 10 10 10
= (- 1) ; # 1 - x dx + # 3x - 22 dx E
2
29. Find # 2x dx . 1-x

(x2 + 1) (x2 + 2) 2 Let I = (- 1) [I1 + I2]
Sol :
or - I = I1 + I2 ...(1)
We have I = # 2x dx
(x2 + 1) (x2 + 2) Now, I1 = # 1 - x2 dx
Substituting x2 = t & 2x dx = dt we have Using # a2 - x2 dx = 1 :x a2 - x2 + a2 sin-1 a x kD + C

2 a
I1 = 1 [x 1 - x2 + sin-1 x] + C1 ...(2) log x sin

y
=C v=
y
2 x x
Now, I2 = # 3x - 22 dx y
x sin = eC
1-x x
3x dx - 2 # dx y
= # x sin = A eC = A
1 - x2 1 - x2 x
y
=- 3 # - 2x 2 dx - 2 # dx sin = A & y = x sin-1 b A l .
2 x x x
1-x 1 - x2
which is the required solution.
=- 3 # 2 1 - x2 - 2 sin-1 x + C2
2 R 1 - 2 3V
S W
=- 3 1 - x2 - 2 sin-1 x + C2 ...(3) 31. If A = S 0 - 1 4W , then find (A') -1 .
From eqs. (1), (2) and (3), we have SS- 2 2 1WW
T X
- I = 1 [x 1 - x2 + sin-1 (x)] + C1 Sol :
2
R1 -2 3VW
- 3 1 - x2 - 2 sin-1 (x) + C2 S
We have, A = S 0 -1 4W
- I = 1 x 1 - x2 - 3 sin-1 x - 3 1 - x2 + C1 + C2 SS- 2 2 1WW
2 2
T X
or 3 -1
I = sin x - x 1 - x2 + 3 1 - x2 + C
2 2 1 2 3
where, C =- C1 - C2 Now, A = 0 -2 4
-2 2 1
30. Solve the following differential equation Expanding along R1 we have
dy y
x = y - x tan a k A = 1 (- 1 - 8) + 2 (0 + 8) + 3 (0 - 2)
dx x
Sol : = - 9 + 16 - 6
dy y =1
We have, x = y - x tan a k
dx x Since A ! 0 , matrix A is non-singular and A-1
dy y y exists.
dx = x - tan a x k ...(1)
Cofactors of an element of A are given by
which is a homogeneous differential equation as -1 4
dy y A11 = (- 1) 1 + 1 = (- 1 - 8) =- 9
= Fa k. 2 1
dx x
dy
Substituting y = vx & = v + x dv in eq (1) we 0 4
dx dx A12 = (- 1) 1 + 2 =- (0 + 8) =- 8
have -2 1
0 -1
v + x dv = v - tan v A13 = (- 1) 1 + 3 = (0 - 2) =- 2
dx -2 2
dv =-
x dx tan v
-2 -1
dv =- dx A21 = (- 1) 2 + 1 =- (- 2 - 6) = 8
2 2
tan v x
dx 1 3
cot v dv =- A22 = (- 1) 2 + 2 = (1 + 6) = 7
x -2 1
1 3
=- # dx
# cot v dv A23 = (- 1) 2 + 3
-2 1
= - (2 - 4) = 2
x
log sin v =- log x + C
-2 3
A31 = (- 1) 3 + 1 = (- 8 + 3) =- 5
# cot vdv = log sin v -1 4
log sin v + log x = C 1 3

A32 = (- 1) 3 + 2 = - (4 - 0) = - 4
0 4
log x sin v = C log m + log n = log mn
1 -2 -2 -2
A33 = (- 1) 3 + 3 = (- 1 - 0) =- 1 A31 = (- 1) 3 + 1 = (4 + 2) = 6
0 -1 1 -2
RA A A V
S 11 21 31W -1 -2
Thus, adj A = SA12 A22 A32W A32 = (- 1) 3 + 2 = - (2 + 4) =- 6
SSA A A WW 2 -2
13 23 33
T X -1 -2
R V A33 = (- 1) 3 + 3 = (- 1 + 4) = 3
S - 9 8 - 5W 2 1
= S- 8 7 - 4W Adjoint of the matrix A is given by
SS W
- 2 2 - 1W RA A A V
T X S 11 21 31W
Hence, A-1 = 1 adj A adj A = SA12 A22 A32W
A SSA A A WW
R V 13 23 33
S- 9 8 - 5W RT
- 3 6 6W
VX
= 1 S- 8 7 - 4W S
1S = S- 6 3 - 6W
S- 2 2 - 1WW SS W
T X - 6 - 6 3W
T X
Now, (A') -1 = (A-1) ' -1 -2 -2
R V Now, A = 2 1 -2
S- 9 8 - 5W 2 -2 1
= S- 8 7 - 4W
SS W = - 1 (1 - 4) + 2 (2 + 4) - 2 (- 4 - 2)
- 2 2 - 1W
TR X V
= - (- 3) + 2 (6) - 2 (- 6)
S- 9 - 8 - 2W
= S 8 7 2W = 3 + 12 + 12 = 27
SS W
- 5 - 4 - 1W R- 1 - 2 - 2VR- 3 6 6 V
T X S WS W
or A $ (adj A) = S 2 1 - 2WS- 6 3 - 6W
R- 1 - 2 - 2V SS 2 - 2 1 WWSS- 6 - 6 3 WW
S W R 3 +T 12 + 12 - 6XT- 6 + 12 - 6X + 12 - 6V
Find the adjoint of the matrix A = S 2 1 - 2W S W
SS 2 - 2 1 WW = S- 6 - 6 + 12 12 + 3 + 12 12 - 6 - 6 W
T X SS- 6 + 12 - 6 12 - 6 - 6 12 + 12 + 3 WW
and hence show that A (adj A) = A I3 .
T R V X
Sol : S27 0 0 W
R- 1 - 2 - 2V = S 0 27 0 W
SS 0 0 27WW
S W
We have A = S 2 1 - 2W T R VX
SS 2 - 2 1 WW S1 0 0W
T X = 27 S0 1 0W
Let Aij be the cofactor of an element aij of A . SS W
0 0 1W
Then, cofactors of elements of A are T X
= 27I3 = A I3 Hence proved.
1 -2
A11 = (- 1) 1 + 1 = (1 - 4) =- 3
-2 1
A12 = (- 1) 1 + 2
2 -2
=- (2 + 4) =- 6
Section - D
2 1
This section comprises of long answer-
2 1 type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
A13 = (- 1) 1 + 3 = (- 2 - 4) =- 6
2 -2
32. Find both the maximum value and minimum value
-2 -2 of 3x 4 - 8x3 + 12x2 - 48x + 25 on the interval 60, 3@ .
A21 = (- 1) 2 + 1 =- (- 2 - 4) = 6
-2 1
Sol :
-1 -2
A22 = (- 1) 2 + 2
2 1
= (- 1 + 4) = 3 Let f ^x h = 3x 4 - 8x3 + 12x2 - 48x + 25
f' ^x h = 12x3 - 24x2 + 24x - 48
-1 -2
A23 = (- 1) 2 + 3
2 -2
=- (2 + 4) =- 6 For maxima and minima, f' ^x h = 0
12x3 - 24x2 + 24x - 48 = 0 So, 0, p , 3p , 5p and 7p are the points of maxima

4 4 4 4
x3 - 2x2 + 2x - 4 = 0 and minima.
x2 ^x - 2h + 2 ^x - 2h = 0 At x = 0 , f ^0 h = sin 2 ^0 h = sin 0 = 0
^x - 2h^x + 2h = 0 At x = p , f a p k = sin 2 a p k = sin p = 1

2
4 4 4 2
x-2 = 0
At x = 3p , f b 3p l = sin 2 b 3p l = sin 3p = - 1
x =2 4 4 4 2
x2 + 2 = 0 At x = 5p , f b 5p l = sin 2 b 5p l = sin 5p
4 4 4 2
x2 =- 2 (Rejected)
= sin a2p + p k sin p = 1
[a Square of a number cannot be a negative number] 2 2
So, x = 0 , x = 2 and x = 3 are the points of maxima At x = 7p , f b 7p l = sin 2 b 7p l = sin b 7p l
and minima. 4 4 4 4
At x = 0 ,
= sin a 4p - p k =- sin p =- 1
2 2
f ^0 h = 3 ^0 h - 8 ^2 h + 12 ^0 h - 48 ^0 h + 25
4 3 2
Hence, the maximum value is 1 at x = p and x = 5p

= 25 4 4
At x = 2 , and the minimum value is - 1 at x = 3p and
4
f ^2 h = 3 ^2 h4 - 8 ^2 h3 + 12 ^2 h2 - 48 ^2 h + 25 x = 7p .
4
= 48 - 64 + 48 - 96 + 25
=- 39
At x = 3 ,
f ^3 h = 3 ^3 h4 - 8 ^3 h3 + 12 ^3 h2 - 48 ^3 h + 25
= 243 - 216 + 108 - 144 + 25
= 376 - 360 = 16
Hence, the maximum value is 25 at x = 0
and the minimum value is - 39 at x = 2 .
or 33. Maximize Z = - x + 2y , Subject to the constraints:

At what points in the interval 60, 2p@ , does the
function sin 2x atain its maximum value? x $ 3 , x + y $ 5 , x + 2y $ 6 , y $ 0
Sol : Sol :
Let f ^x h = sin 2x Here objective function is Z = - x + 2y
Subjet to the constraints:
f ' ^x h = 2 cos 2x
x $ 3 , x + y $ 5 , x + 2y $ 6 , y $ 0
For maxima and minima, f ' ^x h = 0
Let us consider the following equations:
2 cos 2x = 0
(i) x + y = 5
cos 2x = 0
x 0 5
2x = ^2p + 1h p , n d I y 5 0
2
2x = p , 3p , 5p , 7p (ii) x + 2y = 6
3 2 2 2
x 0 6
x = p , 3p , 5p , 7p
4 4 4 4 y 3 0
(iii) x = 3 , y = 0 (ii) Region corresponding to x + 2y H 6 :

On plotting the graph of the given inequalities, we Line x + 2y = 6
get an open unbounded feasible region.
x 0 6 Point (0, 0) is false for
x + 2y H 6 . So, the region is
y 3 0
away from the origin.
Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the
first quadrant.
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABC which
is open and unbounded region. The corner points of
the feasible region are A (6, 0) and B (0, 3).
Corner points Z =- x + 2y
A ^6, 0h Z =- 6 + 2 # 0 = - 6
B ^4, 1h Z =- 4 + 2 # 1 =- 2
C ^3, 2h Z =- 3 + 2 # 2 = 1
Since the feasible region is unbounded, therefore,
Z = 1 may or may not be the maximum value. Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we
For this, we graph the inequality - x + 2y 2 1 and can check the objective function at all the corner to
check weather the resulting half plane has points in find the maxima. The values of objective function
common with the feasible region or not. Z at these points are as follows.
The resulting feasible region has points in common
Corner points Z = x + 2y
with the feasible region. Hence, Z = 1 is not the
maximum value. Or Z has no maximum value. A (6, 0) Z = 6+0 = 6
or B (0, 3) Z = 0+2#3 = 6
Minimise Z = x + 2y subject to 2x + y $ 3 , The minimum value of Z is 6 at all points on the
x + 2y $ 6 , x , y $ 0 . Show that the minimum of line segment joining the points A^6, 0h and B^0, 3h .
Z occurs at more than two points.
34. Find the value of l , so that the lines
Sol : 1 - x = 7y - 14 = z - 3 and 7 - 7x = y - 5 = 6 - z
3 l 2 3l 1 5
Minimise Z = x + 2y are at right angles. Also, find whether the lines are
Subject to 2x + y $ 3 ...(i) intersecting or not.
Sol :
x + 2y $ 6 ...(ii)
Writing the given line in standard form as
and x $ 0, y $ 0 x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 = r (let) ...(1)
(i) Region corresponding to 2x + y H 3 : -3 l
7
2 1
and x - 1 = y - 5 = z - 6 = r (let) ...(2)

Line 2x + y = 3 -3l 1 -5 2
7
x 0 3
2 Point (0, 0) is false for Two lines with DR’s a1 , b , c1 and a2 , b2 , c2 are
2x + y H 3 . So, the region is perpendicular if
y 3 0
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0
Thus line (1) and (2) will intersect at right angle, if = 4+1 = 5
- 3 b - 3l l + l (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0 Now, the shortest distance between the given lines,
7 7
9l + l = 10 5 (bv1 # bv2) $ (av2 - av1)
d =
7 7 bv1 # bv2
10l = 10 & l = 7 (2it - tj ) $ (- 3it + 2kt)
7 =
5
which is the required value of l .
-6
Now, let us check whether the lines are intersecting = = 6 units
or not. 5 5
Coordinates of any point on line (1) are 35. Find the value of the following
(- 3r1 + 1, r1 + 2, 2r1 + 3) tan-1 ^1 h + cos-1 b- 1 l + sin-1 b- 1 l
2 2
and coordinates of any point on line (2) are
Sol :
(- 3r1 + 1, r1 + 5, - 5r2 + 6)
Let tan-1 ^1 h = x1
Clearly, the line will intersect if
(- 3r1 + 1, r1 + 2, 2r1 + 3) tan x1 = 1
= (- 3r2 + 1, r2 + 5, - 5r2 + 6) tan x1 = tan p

4
- 3r1 + 1 =- 3r2 + 1; r1 + 2 = r2 = 5
x1 = p d a- p , p k
and 2r1 + 3 =- 5r2 + 6 4 2 2
r1 = r2 ; r1 - r2 = 3 ; 2r1 + 5r2 = 3 Let cos-1 b- 1 l = x2

2
which is not possible simultaneously for any r1 ,
r2 d R cos x2 = - 1
2
Hence, the lines are not intersecting.
or cos x2 = cos 2p
3
Find the shortest distance between the lines
x2 = 2p d 60, p@
rv = (4it - tj ) + l (it + 2tj - 3kt) 3
and rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + m (2it + 4tj - 5kt). Let sin-1 b- 1 l = x3

2
Sol :
sin x3 = - 1
2
We have rv = (4it - tj ) + l (it + 2tj - 3kt)
sin x3 =- sin p
and rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + m (2it + 4tj - 5kt) 6
Comparing Eqs. (1) and (2), with rv = av1 + lbv1 and sin x3 = sin a- p k
rv = av2 + mbv2 respectively, we get 6
av1 = 4it - tj , bv1 = it + 2tj - 3kt x3 = - p d 9- p , p C

6 2 2
av2 = it - tj + 2kt, bv2 = 2it + 4tj - 5kt
x1 + x2 + x3 = p + 2p - p
and
4 3 6
Here av2 - av1 = - 3it + 2kt
tan-1 ^1 h + tan-1 b- 1 l + sin-1 b- 1 l
it tj kt 2 2
and bv1 # bv2 = 1 2 - 3 = 3p + 8p - 2p
2 4 -5 12
= it(- 10 + 12) - tj (- 5 + 6) + kt(4 - 4) = 9p = 3p

12 4
= 2it - tj
Hence, the required value is 3p .
4
bv1 # bv2 = 2
2 + (- 1) 2
Alternative :Short cut Method:

Section - E
tan-1 ^1 h + cos-1 b- 1 l + sin-1 b- 1 l
2 2 Case study based questions are compulsory.
= p + p = 3p 36. Commodity prices are primarily determined by the
4 2 4 forces of supply and demand in the market. For
p example, if the supply of oil increases, the price of
9a sin x + cos x = 2 C
-1 -1
one barrel decreases. Conversely, if demand for oil

increases (which often happens during the summer),
Hence, the required value is 3p . the price rises. Gasoline and natural gas fall into the
4
energy commodities category.
or
Find the value of the following cos-1 b 1 l + 2 sin-1 b 1 l
2 2
Sol :
Let cos-1 b 1 l = x1
2
cos x1 = 1
2
cos x1 = cos p
3
x1 = p d 60, p@
The price p (dollars) of each unit of a particular
3 commodity is estimated to be changing at the rate
dp
Let 2 sin-1 b 1 l = x2 = - 135x2
2 dx 9+x
where x (hundred) units is the consumer demand
sin-1 b 1 l = x2 (the number of units purchased at that price).
2 2
Suppose 400 units ^x = 4h are demanded when the
sin a x2 k = 1 price is $30 per unit.
2 2 (i) Find the demand function p ^x h .
(ii) At what price will 300 units be demanded? At
sin a x2 k = sin p what price will no units be demanded?
2 6
(iii) How many units are demanded at a price of $20
x2 = p d - p , p per unit?
2 6 9 2 2C
Sol :
x2 = p (i) p ^x h =
dp
# dx dx
3
Let u = 9 + x2 then we have du = 2x dx or x dx
So, x1 + x2 = + p
p
3 3 = 1 du
2
cos-1 b 1 l + 2 sin-1 b 1 l = 2p Thus p ^x h = # - 135x2 dx
2 2 3 9+x
Hence, the require value is 2p . = # - 135

1/2 b 2 l
1 du
3 u
= - 135 # u-1/2 du
2
1/2
= - 135 e u 1 o + C
2 2
=- 135 9 + x2 + C
Since p = 30 when x = 4 , we have
30 =- 135 9 + 42 + C
C = 30 + 135 25 = 705 A manufactured component has its quality graded

on its performance, appearance, and cost. Each
So, p ^x h =- 135 9 + x2 + 705 of these three characteristics is graded as either
(ii) When 300 units are demanded, x = 3 and the pass or fail. There is a probability of 0.40 that a
corresponding price is component passes on both appearance and cost.
There is a probability of 0.35 that a component
p ^3 h =- 135 9 + 32 + 705 passes on both performance and appearance. There
= $132.24 per unit is a probability of 0.31 that a component passes
on all three characteristics. There is a probability
No units are demanded when x = 0 and the of 0.64 that a component passes on performance.
corresponding price is There is a probability of 0.19 that a component fails
p ^0 h =- 135 9 + 0 + 705 on all three characteristics. There is a probability
of 0.06 that a component passes on appearance but
= $300 per unit fails on both performance and cost.
(iii) Number of units demanded at a unit price of (i) What is the probability that a component
$20 per unit, passes on cost but fails on both performance
and appearance?
20 =- 135 9 + x2 + 705
(ii) If a component passes on both appearance and
- 135 9 + x2 + 705 = 20 cost, what is the probability that it passes on
all three characteristics?
135 9 + x2 = 685 (iii) If a component passes on both performance
and appearance, what is the probability that it
9 + x2 = 685 passes on all three characteristics?
135
Sol :
9 + x2 . 25.75
Let E be the event that the ‘component passes on
x2 . 16.75 performance’,
x . 4.09 Let A be the event that the ‘component passes
on appearance’, and let C be the event that the
That is, roughly 409 units will be demanded when
‘component passes on cost’.
the price is $20 per unit.
37. Quality assurance (QA) testing is the process P (A + C) = 0.4
of ensuring that manufactured product is of the P (E + A) = 0.35
highest possible quality for customers. QA is simply
the techniques used to prevent issues with product (i) P (E + A + C) = 0.31
and to ensure great user experience for customers.
P (E) = 0.64
P (El + Al + C l) = 0.19
P (El + Al + C l) = 0.06
Therefore,
P (El + Al + C l) = P (El + Al) - P (El + Al + C l)
= P (El) - P (El + A) - 0.19
= 1 - P (E) - P (El + A + C)
- P (El + A + C l) - 0.19
= 1 - 0.64 - P (A + C)
+ P (E + A + C) - 0.06 - 0.19
= 1 - 0.64 - 0.40 + 0.31

- 0.06 - 0.19
= 0.02
P (E + A + C) M1 M 2 M 3
(ii) P (E + A + C | A + C) = R V
P (A + C) P1 P2 P3 P1S2 3 1W
= 0 . 31 = B = 8100 100 100B1 # 3 P2S4 2 5W
0.40 0.775 S 2WW
P3S2 4
P (E + A + C) T X3 # 3
(iii) P (E + A + C | E + A) = M1 M2 M3
P (E + A)
= 8200 + 400 + 200 300 + 200 + 400 100 + 500 + 200B
= 0.31 = 0.886
0.35 M1 M2 M3
38. Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited is an = 8800 900 800B
Indian multinational pharmaceutical company
When the cost per unit of materials M1, M2 and
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, that
M3 are ` 5, ` 10 and ` 5 respectively, then the cost
manufactures and sells pharmaceutical formulations
materials matrix C is given by:
and active pharmaceutical ingredients in more than
100 countries across the globe. M1RS 5 VW
Sun Pharmaceutical produces three final chemical C = M2S10W
products P1, P2 and P3 requiring mixup of three raw M3SS 5 WW
material chemicals M1, M2 and M3 . The per unit T X
The cost of production of each product is given by
requirement of each product for each material (in the matrix
litres) is as follows:
Cost
M1 M 2 M 3 (per unit)
M1 M2 M 3
R V
P1
R2 3 1VW P1S2 3 1W M R 5 V
S 1S W
A = P2S4 2 5W AC = P2S4 2 5W M S 10 W
S W 2
P3SS2 4 2WW P3S2 4 2W M SS 5 WW
T X 3T X
T X Cost of
(Production) R V
P1 S45W
R V
P1 S10 + 30 + 5 W = P2S65W
S W
= P2S20 + 20 + 25W P3S60W
SS10 + 40 + 10WW T X
P3
T X
When the firm produces 200 litres of each product,
then the matrix D is given by:
P1 P2 P3
D
= 8200 200 200B
The total cost of production is given by:
P1RS45VW
P1 P2 P3
D (AC ) P2S65W
(i) Find the total requirement of each material if = 8200 200 200B P SS60WW
3
the firm produces 100 litres of each product, T X
(ii) Find the per unit cost of production of each = 6200 # 45 + 200 # 65 + 200 # 60@
= 634000@
product if the per unit of materials M1, M2 and
M3 are ` 5, ` 10 and ` 5 respectively, and
(iii) Find the total cost of production if the firm
produces 200 litres of each product. ***********
Sol :
When the firm produces 100 litres of each product,
then the production matrix B is given by:
P1 P2 P3
B = 8100 100 100B

The total requirement of each material is:

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
d2 y
Section - A c m = - 30 (- x)
dx2 x = 1
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. d2 y
and c m = 392 (+ ve)
dx2 x = 6
1. Of all the points of the feasible region, for maximum
or minimum of objective functions, the point lies: Minimum value at x = 6
(a) inside the feasible region
= 2 # 63 - 21 # 62 + 36 # 6 - 20 = - 128
(b) at the boundary line of the feasible region
(c) vertex point of the boundary of the feasible
region
(d) none of the above
Sol :
3. A ball thrown vertically upwards according to the
vertex point of the boundary of the feasible region formula s = 13.8t - 4.9t2 , where s is in metres and t
Thus (c) is correct option. is in seconds. Then its velocity at t = 1 sec is
(a) 6m/ sec (b) 4 m/ sec
2. The maximum value of y = 2x3 - 21x2 + 36x - 20 is
(c) 2 m/ sec (d) 8 m/ sec
(a) - 128 (b) - 126
(c) - 120 (d) None of these Sol :
Sol : v = ds = 13.8 - 9.8t

dt
dy At t = 1; v = 4 m/s
= 6x2 - 42x + 36
dx
d2 y
and = 12x - 42 p
dx2 4. #
- p2
2
sin9 x dx = ?
dy
For Max. or min. =0 (a) -1 (b) 0
dx
6x2 - 42x + 36 = 0 & x = 1, 6 (c) 1 (d) p

2
Sol :
q + cot-1 x = p
2
Explanation :
p tan-1 x + cot-1 x = p
2 2
Let, I = #- p sin x dx
9
2
Let, f ^x h = sin9 x 7. Which of the following is the unit matrix of order

3 # 3?
f ^- x h = sin9 ^- x h = 6sin ^- x h@ 9 R1 0 0V R1 0 0VW
S W S
(a) S1 0 0W (b) S0 1 0W
= ^- sin x h9 =- sin9 x SS1 0 0WW SS0 0 1WW
f ^- x h =- f ^x h TR XV RT0 X
1 0VW
S0 0 1W S
Hence, f ^x h is odd function. (c) S0 0 1W (d) S0 1 0W
Thus (b) is correct option. SS0 0 1WW SS0 1 0WW
T X T X
5. What type of a relation is “Less than” in the set of Sol :
real numbers?
(a) only symmetric Explanation :
A Square matrix having 1 (one) on its Principle
(b) only transitive
diagonal and O (zero) else where is called as unit
(c) only reflexive matrix.
(d) equivalence relation Thus (b) is correct option.
Sol : d2 y 2 dy 3
8. The degree of the equation c 2 m - x b dx l = y is
3
dx
Explanation :
(a) 0 (b) 1
Let A be the set of all real numbers, and R be the
relation ‘less than’ i.e., < on A , then R is (c) 2 (d) 3
1. The relation R is not reflective, since a is not Sol :
less than a for any natural number a .
2. The relation R is not symmetric, since if Explanation :
â, b h d R , then a is less than b but b is not Degree of differential equation is degree of the
less than a , i.e., ^b, a hdR . highest order occurring in it. Therefore degree of
3. The relation R is transitive, since a < b and differential equation
b < c & a < c i.e., (a, b) d R , (b, c) d R 2 2
d d y2 n - x c dy m = y3 is 2
3
& (a, c) d R .
dx dx
6. tan-1 x + cot-1 x = ?
(a) 0 (b) 1 sin 20c - cos 20c
9. >sin 70c cos 70c H = ?
(c) p (d) - p (a) 1 (b) -1
2 2
Sol : (c) 0 (d) 2
Explanation : Sol :
Let, tan-1 x = q ...(1) Explanation :

We have,
x = tan q
sin 20c - cos 20c
>sin 70c cos 70c H
x = cot a p - q k
2
-1 p = sin 20c cos 70c - sin 70c ^- cos 20ch
cot x = - q
2
= sin 20c cos 70c + cos 20c sin 70c
from eq. (1)
= sin ^20c + 70ch 12. The radius of a circle is increasing at the rate of 0.4
cm/s. The rate of increase of its circumference is
= sin 90c = 1
(a) 0.4p cm/s (b) 0.8p cm/s
a
I =0 ; #-af ^x h dx = 0, if f ^x h is oddE (c) 0.8 cm/s (d) None of these
Thus (a) is correct option. Sol :
Explanation :
10. #x 2
$ ex dx =
3
dr = 0.4 cm/s
(b) 1 ex + c Given,
3 3
(a) ex + c dt
3
where, r be the radius of the circle.
(d) 1 ex + c
2 2
(c) ex + c Circumference of circle,
3
Sol : c = 2pr ...(1)
Differentiating Both sides of equation (1), we get
Explanation :
dc = 2p dr
We have I = #xe 2 x3
dx ...(1) dt dt
= 2p ^0.4h = 0.8p cm/s
Let x3 = t
Differentiating both sides
3x2 dx = dt ...(2) 13. Which of the following is a homogeneous differential
equation?
Multiplying and Dividing by 3 in eq. (1),
3
(a) x2 ydx - ^x2 + y2h dy = 0
3x2 ex dx
I = # 3 (b) ^xy h dx - ^x 4 + y 4h dy = 0
Putting 3x2 dx = dt from eq. (2), (c) ^2x + y - 3h dy - ^x + 2y - 3h dx = 0
(d) ^x - y h dy = ^x2 + y + 1h dx
3
x
I = # e 3dt
Sol :
et dt
Putting x = t , 3
I = # 3 Explanation :
: # k $ e $ dt = k # e $ dtD
t t A differential equation of the form
dy a x + b1 y + c1
=1 # e dt t
= 1 et + c dx
= 1
a2 x + b2 y + c2
3 3
is known as homogeneous differential equation.
I = 1 ex + c
3
Putting x3 = t ,
3
^2x + y - 3h dy - ^x + 2y - 3h dx = 0
dy x + 2y - 3
=
dx 2x + y - 3
11. d 6tan x @ = ?
dx Thus (c) is correct option.
2
(a) sec x (b) sec x
(c) cot x (d) - sec2 x 14. # x dx = ..........
5
6 5
Sol : (a) x + k (b) x + k
6 5
Explanation : 7 8
(c) x + k (d) x + k
Let, f ^x h = tan x 7 8
d f x = d tan x Sol :
dx ^ h dx ^ h
Explanation :
= sec2 x
We know that,
n+1 y + y2 z1 + z2
I = # x dx
n
= x +k (c) x1 + x2 , 1 ,
n+1 2 2 2
Here, n =5 (d) ^x2 - x1h , ^y2 - y1h , ^z2 - z1h
5+1 6
Therefore, I = x +k = x +k Sol :
5+1 6
Thus (a) is correct option. Explanation :
15. If l , m , n are the direction cosines of a straight line

then
(a) l 2 + m2 - n2 = 1 (b) l 2 - m2 + n2 = 1
(c) l 2 - m2 - n2 = 1 (d) l 2 + m2 + n2 = 1
Sol :
Explanation :
$
OA = x1 it + y1 tj + z1 kt
$
OB = x2 it + y2 tj + z2 kt
$ $ $
AB = OB - OA
= (x2 it + y2 tj + z2 kt) - (x1 it + y1 tj + z1 kt)
= (x2 - x1) it + (y2 - y1) tj + (z2 - z1) kt

Therefore, required Direction ratios are
= (x2 - x1, y2 - y1, z2 - z1)
5 5
17. d :lim x - a D =
From figure, we get dx x " a x - a
(a) 5a 4 (b) 5x 4
l = cos a = x
r (c) 1 (d) 0
y
m = cos b = Sol :
r
Explanation :
n = cos g = z
r 5 5
f ^x h = d ;lim x - a E
y 2 2 2 dx x " a x - a
cos2 a + cos2 b + cos2 g = x2 + 2 + z2
r r r xn - an = xan - 1
= d [5 $ (a) 5 - 1] :xlim D
dx "a x - a
x2 + y2 + z2
=
r2
= d ^5a 4h = 5 d (a 4)
2 dx dx
= r2 = 1
:dx ^constanth = 0D
r = 5#0 d
Hence, l2 + m2 + n2 = 1 =0
Thus (d) is correct option. Thus (d) is correct option.
16. The direction ratios of the line joining the points 18. The direction cosines of the vector 3it - 4tj + 12kt is
(x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) are
(a) x1 + x2 , y1 + y2 , z1 + z2 (a) 3 , 4 , 12 (b) 3 , - 4 , 12
13 13 13 13 13 13
(b) (x1 - x2) 2 + (y1 - y2) 2 + (z1 - z2) 2 (c) 3 , 4 , 12 (d) 3 , - 4 , 12
13 13 13 13 13 13
Sol : Sol :
Explanation : Explanation :
We have av = 3it - 4tj + 12kt Given,
av = 32 + 42 + 122 P (A) = 0.7
= 9 + 16 + 144 P (A) = 1 - 0.7 6P (A) + P (A) = 1@
= 169 = 13 units = 0.3

Similarly, P (B ) = 0.5
Thus direction Ratios b 3 , - 4 , 12 l
13 13 13
P (B) = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5
P (A , B) = 0.6
dy
19. Assertion : If y = x3 cos x , then
= x3 sin x + 3x2 cos x We know that,
dx
Reason : d (uv) = u dv + v du . P (A + B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A , B)
dx dx dx
..(1)
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason
is the correct explanation of assertion. Putting given values, we get
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason P (A + B) = 0.5 + 0.3 - 0.6
is not the correct explanation of assertion. = 0.8 - 0.6 = 0.2
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false. Hence statement-I is correct.
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
L.H.S = P (A , B) + P (A + B) + P (A) + P (B )
Sol :
= P (A) + P (B) - P (A + B) + P (A + B)
Explanation : + P (A) + P (B )
y = x3 cos x Since P (E) + P (E ) = 1 where E is any event.
Differentiating both sides with respect to x using = 1+1
product rule, we get
dy =2
= d (x 3 cos x) Thus (c) is correct option.
dx dx
= cos x d x 3 + x3 d cos x
dx dx
= 3x 2 cos x - sin x $ x 3 Section - B
dy
product rule, = d (uv) = u dv + v du This section comprises of very short answer
dx dx dx dx
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each.
Statement I is wrong but reason is correct since
coefficient of sin x should be -1. 2
21. Prove that – av # bv = av
2 2
bv - av bv
2

Sol :
20. A and B are two events
We know that,
Statement-I : If P (A) = 0.7 , P (B ) = 0.5 and
P (A , B) = 0.6 then P (A + B) = 0.2 av # bv = av bv sin q
Reason : P (A , B) + P (A + B) + P (A) + P (B ) = 2.5 2 2 2
av # bv = av bv sin2 q ...(1)
is the correct explanation of assertion. Also, av $ bv = av bv cos q
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason 2 2 2
is not the correct explanation of assertion. av $ bv = av bv cos2 q ...(2)
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false. on adding equation (1) and (2), we get
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
2 2
av # bv + av $ bv = av
2
bv ^sin2 q + cos2 qh
2
Here, P = 2 tan x and Q = sin x
2 2 2 2 I $ F = e # 2 tanx dx
av # bv + av $ bv = av bv
2 2 2 2 = e2 # tanx dx : tan x = logsec x D
#
av # bv = av bv - av $ bv
2 log secx
=e
22. If A and B are two independent events then prove
6a = x@
log a x
that : P (A , B) = 1 - P (Al) $ P (Bl) = sec2 x
Sol : Thus general solution is
Let P Âh denotes probability of occurrence of Event y sec2 x = # sec x sin x dx

2
A. P ^B h denotes probability of occurrence of Event

B. = # sin x dx : 1 = sec x D
cos x 2 cos x
Since A and B are two independent Events
& P Â + B h = P Âh $ P ^B h ...(1) = # tan x sec x dx = sec x + c
Using property Thus solution of given differential equation is
P Â , B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â , B h y sec2 x = sec x + c
= P Âh + P ^B h - P Âh $ P ^B h or
[Using (1)] Given function is
= P Âh + P ^B h61 - P Âh@ 1 + 8y2 tan x = ay2
= P Âh + P ^B h $ P ]Alg 1 + 8 tan x = a
y2
81 - P Âh = P ÂlhB
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
= 1 - P Âlh + P ^B h $ P ]Alg
dy
- 2y-3 + 8 sec2 x = 0
= 1 - P Âlh61 - P ^B h@ dx
61 - P ^B h = P ^Blh@ dy
- 23 =- 8 sec2 x
= 1 - P Âlh P ^Blh Hence proved. y dx
1 dy = 4
dy y3 dx cos2 x
23. Solve : + 2y tan x = sin x .
dx
or dy
cos2 x = 4y3
dx
Show that the function 1 + 8y2 tan x = ay2 is a
which is the given differential equation.
solution of differential equation
Hence, given function is a solution of the given
dy differential equation.
cos2 x = 4y3
dx
dy
Sol : 24. Find if y = cos sin x
dx
dy or
Given: + 2y tan x = sin x
dx dy
Find , when x = y log (xy)
This is first order linear differential equation of the dx
form Sol :
dy
+ Py = Q We have, y = cos sin x
dx
dy
Whose general solution is given by = d cos sin x
dx dx
I $ Fy = # I $ FQ dx + c = - sin sin x $ d sin x
dx
Where, I$F = e # Pdx
= - sin sin x $ 1 $ d ^sin x h Direction Ratio of line joining P3 ^2, 4, 10h and
2 sin x dx P4 ^- 2, - 4, 2h is
DR2 = ^2 + 2, 4 + 4, 10 - 2h
=- 1 sin sin x $ cos x
2 sin x
= ^4, 8, 8h
= - 1 sin sin x cos x Since direction ratio are proportional to each other
2 sin x with ratio 2, hence lines formed by ^P1, P2h and
^P3, P4h are parallel to each other.
or
x = y log ^xy h ...(1)

Differentiating both sides using chain rules with Section - C
respect to x
1 = y "log xy , + ^log xy h
dy dy
dx dx type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
dy 26. The radius of a circle is increasing uniformly at the

= y < 1 F # d ^xy h + ^log xy h rate of 3 cm/sec. Find the rate at which the area
xy dx dx
of the circle is increasing when the radius is 10 cm.
xdy dy
= 1; + yE + log xy Sol :
x dx dx
Let r be the radius and A be the area of circle at
dy y dy
= + + log xy time t .
dx x dx
Rate of increase of radius wrt time
y dy
x 6
= + log xy + 1@ t = dr = 3 cm/ sec
dx dt
y dy
Thus, 1- = 6log xy + 1@ Area of circle A = pr 2
x dx
Rate of change of area wrt time
x-y dy
= t = dA = d (pr 2) = p $ 2r dr
x ^log xy + 1h dx dt dt dt
Putting x = y log ^xy h from (1) = 2pr dr = 2pr (3) dr

:dt = 3 cm/ secD
dt
or
y ^ h
x = log xy = 6pr
Rate of increase of area wrt t when r is 10 cm
x-y dy 6p # 10 = 60p cm2 / sec .
=
x dx
x c + 1m
y 27. If f ^x h = x sin 1 , when x ! 0 ; and, f (x) = 0 , when
x
y ^x - y h dy x = 0 , then test the continuity of f ^x h at x = 0 .
=
x ^x + y h dx
Sol :
25. Show that the line joining the points (4, 7, 8), (2,
3, 4) is parallel to the line joining the points (2, 4, Given:
10), (–2, –4, 2).
x sin x1 x ! 0
f (x) = *
Sol : 0 x=0
Two lines are said to be parallel if direction ratio Now,
of points forming the line are proportional to each
LHL = lim f (x) = lim f (0 - h)
other. x " 0- h"0
Direction Ratio of line joining P1 ^4, 7, 8h and = lim f (- h)

P2 ^2, 3, 4h is h"0
DR1 = (4 - 2, 7 - 3, 8 - 4) = lim - h sin ( 1 )

h"0 -h
= ^2, 4, 4h
= lim h sin 1 Therefore, f = 4 â + b h

h"0 h
= 0 # (finite quantity between - 1 and 1) = 4 b tan-1 1 + tan-1 1 l
3 2
=0
1
+ 12
= 4 e tan-1 3
o
1 - 13 # 12
RHL = lim f (x) = lim f (0 + h) = lim f (h)
x " 0+ h"0 h"0
;tan-1 A + tan-1 B = tan-1 b + lE
A B
= lim h # sin b 1 l 1 - AB
h"0 h 5
= 4 e tan o = 4 # tan-1 1
-1 6
= 0 # (finite quantity between - 1 and 1) 6-1
5
=0
= 4 # tan-1 d tan p n
Since, 4
lim f (x) = lim f (x) = f (0) = 0 = 4# p = p Hence proved.
x " 0- x " 0+
4
Hence, f (x) is continuous at x = 0 .
29. In the set Q of all rational numbers, a binary
operation o : Q # Q " Q is defined by o (x, y) = x o y
28. Find the value of cot-1 a tan p k ? = x + y - xy then show that o is commutative.
7
or Sol :
Prove that 4 (cot 3 + cosec-1 5 ) = p .
-1
Given : o Q # Q " Q
Sol : o (x, y) = xoy = x + y - xy ...(1)
Let, I = cot-1 a tan p k o (y, x) = yox = y + x - yx ...(2)

7
Therefore, xoy = yox
Therefore, I = cot a cot a p - p kk
-1
Hence, Binary operation o is commutative.
2 7
p
9cot a 2 - q k = tan qC 30. Find the value of p , if
(2it + 6tj + 27kt) # (it + 3tj + pkt) = 0
= cot-1 b cot 5p l = 5p 6cot-1 cot q = q@ Sol :
14 14
or ^2iv + 6vj + 27kvh # ìv + 3vj + pkvj = 0
Let, f = 4 ^cot-1 3 + cosec-1 5 h Expressing it in determinant form
Rt t t V
and cot-1 3 = a Si j k W
T = S2 6 27W
or cot a = 3 S W
S1 3 p W
T X
& tan a = 1 Solving Determinant
3
T = it^6p - 27 # 3h - tj ^2p - 27h + kt^6 - 6h
and cosec-1 5 = b
= it^6p - 81h - tj ^2p - 27h + 0
or cosec b = 5
Equating T = 0 with it and tj terms
tan b = 1 = 1
& 6p - 81 = 0
cot b
cosec2 b - 1
= 1 =1 p = 27
2
5-1 2
Therefore, tan a = 1 & a = tan-1 1 Thus av # bv = 0 when p = 27 .
3 3 2
tan b = 1 & b = tan-1 12

2
31. Find the value of x , such that 2+1 5+5 3 10

=>
3 + 6 1 + 2H >9 3 H
R VR V =
S1 0 2WSx W
S0 2 1WS4W8x - 5 - 1B = 0 2 5 1 5 2-1 5-5
A - B = > H-> H = >
3 - 6 1 - 2H
SS WS W
2 0 3WS1W 3 1 6 2
T XT X
or
1 0
=>
2 5 1 5 - 3 - 1H
If A = > H and B = > H then find (A + B) and
3 1 6 2
3 10
A+B =>
9 3H
(A - B). Therefore,
Sol :
1 0
A-B =>
From L.H.S. - 3 - 1H
R1 0 2V Rx V
S WS W
S0 2 1W S4W [x - 5 - 1] =0
SS2 0 3WW SS1WW
T XT X
Section - D
Rx+0+2V
S W This section comprises of long answer-
S 0 + 8 + 1 W [x - 5 - 1] =0 type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
SS2x + 0 + 3WW
T X 32. From a lot of 30 bulbs which include 6 defectives,
Rx+2V
S W a sample of 4 bulbs in drawn at random with
S 9 W [x - 5 - 1] =0 replacement. Find the probability distribution of
SS2x + 3WW
the number of defective bulbs.
T X
R V
S x ^x + 2h - 5 ^x + 2h - 1 ^x + 2h W Sol :
S 9x - 45 -9 W =0
Total number of bulbs = 30
Sx ^2x + 3h - 5 ^2x + 3h - 1 ^2x + 3hW
S W
T R Number of defective bulbs = 6
2 VX
S x + 2 x - 5 x - 10 - x - 2 W Let X be the random variable which denote the
S 9x - 45 -9 W =0 number of defective bulbs drawn in 4 draws with
S 2 W replacement.
S2x + 3x - 10x - 15 - 2x - 3W
T X
X = 0 , 1, 2, 3 or 4
- 45 -9 9x -9
- 10x - 15 - 2x - 3 ^
2x - - 5x - 10h 2
2x + 3x - 1 ^2x + 3h Probability of getting defective bulb = 6 = 1
30 5
9x - 45 Probability of getting non-defective bulbs
+ ^- x - 2h
2x2 + 3x - 10x - 15
= 1-1 = 4
5 5
2x 690x + 135 - ^90x + 135h@ - ^- 5x - 10h8- 18x2 - 27x - ^- 18x2 - 27x hB P ^X = 0h = Probability of getting all non-defective
bulbs
+ ^- x - 2h8- 90x2 - 135x - ^- 90x2 - 135x hB
= 4 C0 $ 4 # 4 # 4 # 4 = 256
2x 690x + 135 - 90x - 135@ + ^5x + 10h6- 18x2 - 27x + 18x2 + 27x @ 5 5 5 5 625
- ^x + 2h6- 90x2 - 135x + 90x2 + 135x @ = 0 P ^X = 1h = Probability of getting one defective and
Hence, for any value of x , multiplication of matrix 3 non-defective
is zero (0).
= 4 C1 $ 1 # 4 # 4 # 4
5 5 5 5
or
= 4 # 1 # 4 # 4 # 4 = 256
2 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 625
We have A = > H and B = > H
3 1 6 2
P ^X = 2h = 4 C2 $ 1 # 1 # 4 # 4
5 5 5 5
2 5 1 5
Then, A + B = > H+> H = 4 $ 3 # 16 = 96
3 1 6 2
2$1 625 625
P ^X = 3h = 4 C3 $ 1 # 1 # 1 # 4 Let us test for the point (2, 0) (say) [and not origin
5 5 5 5 as line passes through (0, 0)] in constraint Eq. (3)
- x + y # 0 , we have - 2# 0 which is true.
= 4 C1 $ 1 # 1 # 1 # 4 = 16
5 5 5 5 625 Hence, Region for constraint Eq. (3) is towards the
point (2, 0) side of the line (shown shaded in the
P ^X = 4h = 4 C 4 $ 1 # 1 # 1 # 1 = 1 figure).
5 5 5 5 625
Required probability distribution is
X 0 1 2 3 4
P ^X h 256 256 96 16 1
625 625 625 625 625
33. Solve the following L.P. Problem graphically:

Maximise Z = x+y
Subject to x - y #- 1
-x + y # 0
x, y $ 0
Sol : From the figure, we observe that there is no point

common in the two shaded regions. Thus, the
Maximise Z = x+y ...(1)
problem has no feasible region and hence no feasible
subject to x - y #- 1 ...(2) solution i.e., no maximum value of Z .
-x + y # 0 ...(3) Note :
When there is no feasible region in a problem, then
x, y $ 0 ...(4) there is no optimal solution (i.e., Neither maximum
Step I nor minimum value corner point) and hence the
Constraint Eq. (4) x , y $ 0 objective function has no optimal value. Such type
& Feasible region is in first quadrant. of Linear Programming problems are said to have
infeasible solution.
Table of vales for the line x - y =- 1 of constraint
Eq. (2) dy 2y
34. Solve : - = y4
dx x
x 0 -1
or
y 1 0
Solve y2 dx + (x2 + xy) dy = 0
Let us draw the straight line joining the points (0, 1)
and (- 1, 0). Sol :
Let us test for origin (0,0) in constraint Eq. (2)
dy 2y
x - y #- 1, we have 0 #- 1 which is not true. Given: - = y4
dx x
Therefore region for constrain Eq. (2) is the region
on that side of the line which is away from the origin Dividing the above differential equation by y 4 we
(as shown shaded in the figure) get
Table of values for the line - x + y = 0 i.e., y = x 1 dy - 2 = 1 ...(1)
of constraint Eq. (3). y 4 dx y3 x
x 0 2 Let - 13 = z
y
y 0 2 Differentiating both side with respect to x
dy
Let us draw the line joining the points (0, 0) and - ^- 3h y-3 - 1 = dz
(2, 2). dx dx
3 dy = dz Let y = vx ...(2)
y 4 dx dx Differentiating both side
1 dy = 1 dz dy
3 dx = v + x dv
y 4 dx dx dx
dy
Substituting the values of - 13 and 14 in Substituting value in equation (1),
y y dx
equation (1) - ^vx h2 2 2
v + x dv = 2 =- 2 v x
1 dz + 2z = 1 dx x + x ^vx h x ^1 + v h
3 dx x
Therefore,
or, dz + 6z = 3
2
dx x v + x dv =- v
This is linear differential equation of first order of dx 1+v
the form dz + Pz = Q where P and Q are function
2
dx x dv =- v - v
of x . dx 1+v
2 2 2
The general solution of this equation is given by = - v - v - v = - 2v - v
1+v 1+v
ze # Pdx = # Qe # Pdx
dx + c ...(2) 2
x dv =- c 2v + v m
dx 1+v
Here, P = 6 and Q = 3 ...(3)
x 2
- x dv = 2v + v
dx v +1
e # Pdx = e # x dx
6
^v + 1h dv
k 1
; # x dx = k # x dx = k ln x + cE =- dx
v ^2v + 1h x
= e6 lnx Adding and subtracting v in numerator of L.H.S.,
we get
6a ln b = ln ba@
6
= e lnx
^v + 1 - v + v h dv
=- dx
6a = x@ v ^2v + 1h
log a x
= x6 ...(4) x
Putting values from equation (3) and (4) in equation
^2v + 1h dv - vdv
(2), =- dx
v ^2v + 1h x
n+1
zx6 = # 3x dx < # x dx = nx+ 1 + cF
6 n
Separating the numerator value with denominator
7
we get
zx6 = 3x + c
7 - dx = dv - dv
x v 2v + 1
Substituting z =- 13 Integrating both sides
y
log ^2v + 1h
7 - log x = log v - + log c
- 13 # x6 = 3x + c 2
y 7
Therefore required solution is log ^2v + 1h
log x =- log v + - log c
2
3x7 + x6 = c
7 y3 x
=log xy = log x + log y, log = log x - log yG
y
where c is constant of integration.
log x + log v - log ^2v + 1h1/2 + log c = 0
or 6a log x = log xa@
y2 dx + ^x2 + xy h dy = 0 log cxv =1 6loge e = 1@
^2v + 1h1/2
^x + xy h dy =- y dx
2 2
cxv = 2v + 1
dy - y2 y
= 2 ...(1) Substituting v = using (2),
dx x + xy x
y y or
cx = 2d n + 1
x x
p/2
Squaring both sides, Let I1 = #

0
log sin x dx
c2 y2 x = 2y + x p/2
and I2 = # log cos x dx
2y + x 0
Therefore, = c2 = k 2
[Let, c = k ]
xy2 p/2 p/2
# log sin x dx = # log sin b 0 + p - x l dx
where k is constant of integration. 0 0 2
p/2
35. Evaluate # - 7x + 2 dx = #
0
log cos x dx
16x2 - 9
log â + b - x h dx E
b b
or ; # log x dx = #
a a
p/2 p/2
I1 = I2
Prove that # log sin x dx = # log cos x dx =- p2 log 2 &
0 0 Using property
Sol :
f ^x h dx = f â - x h dx
a a
#
0
#
0
- 7x + 2 dx
Let I = # 16x2 - 9 p/2
I1 = #
0
log sin x dx
=- 7 # x dx + 2 # 1 dx p/2
16x2 - 9 16x2 - 9 = # log sin b p - x l dx
0 2
or I =- 7I1 + 2I2 ...(1)
p/2
Now, I1 = # x dx
= #
0
log cos x dx
16x2 - 9
p/2 p/2
Putting 16x2 - 9 = y we have 2I1 = #
0
log sin x dx + #
0
log cos x dx
x dx = 1 dy p/2
16x2 - 9 16 = #
0
log sin x cos x dx
Thus I1 = 1 # 1 dy 6log x + log y = log xy@

16
Multiplying and dividing by 2 in R.H.S., we get
= 1 ^y h + C 1
16 p/2
2I1 = # log b 2 sin x cos x l dx
2
= 1 16x2 - 9 + C 1
0
16 p/2
1 = # log b sin 2x l dx
Now, I2 = # 16x2 - 9
dx 0 2
62 sin q cos q = sin 2q@
1
= # dx p/2 p/2
16 c x2 - 9 m
16
= #
0
log sin 2x dx - #
0
log 2dx
p/2
=1 # 1 dx 2I1 = # log sin 2x dx - log 2 b p - 0 l ...(1)
4 x - _ 34 i 2
2 2
0
2 p/2
= 1 log x + x2 - b 3 l + C 2 Let I3 = # log sin 2x dx
4 4 0
Substituting t = 2x ,
= 1 log x + x2 - 9 + C 2
4 16
dt = 2dx
Putting values of I1 and I2 in (1), we get
dx = dt [x = 0 & t = 0
I =- 7 16x2 - 9 + 1 log x + x - 9 +C
2 2
16 2 16
I3 = 1 x = p & t = p]
p
#
$ $
log sin t dt Now, qv + rv = AB + BO
2 0 2
$
Using property = AO =- pv
(ii) From the triangle law of vector addition,
f ^x h dx = 2 f â - x h dx if f ^2a - x h = f ^x h
2a a
#
0
#
0 $ $ $ $ $ $
AC + BD = AB + BC + BC + CD
p/2
I3 = 1
p
2 #
0
log sin t dt = #
0
sin t dt = I1
Therefore equation (1) becomes,
2I1 = I1 - p log 2
2
I1 =- p log 2
2
Since, I1 = I2 , therefore,
I1 = I2 = - p2 log 2 $ $
= AB + 2BC + CD
$
$ $ $ $
AB + 2BC +- AB = 2BC
Section - E $ $
[AB =- CD]
(iii) InTABC ,
Case study based questions are compulsory. $
AC = 1av + 2bv ...(1)
36. If two vectors are represented by the two sides of a
triangle taken in order, then their sum is represented
by the third side of the triangle taken in opposite
order and this is known as triangle law of vector
addition.
Based on the above information, answer the
following questions.
(i) If pt, qt, rt are the vectors represented by the
side of a triangle taken in order, then find qv + rv.
(ii) If ABCD is a parallelogram and AC and BD
$ $ and in TABD ,
are its diagonals, then find AC + BD .
$
(iii) If ABCD is a parallelogram, where AB = 2av
$
2bv = 2av + BD ...(2)
$ $ $
and BC = 2bv , then find AC - BD . [By triangle of law of addition]
or Addition (1) and (2), we have
(iv) If ABCD is a quadrilateral, whose diagonals are $ $
AC + 2bv = 4av + BD + 2bv
$ $ $ $
AC and BD , then find BA + CD . $ $
AC - BD = 4av
or
(iv) In TABC ,
$ $ $
BC + CD = BC (1)
[By triangle law]
Sol : In TBCD ,
(i) Let OAB be a triangle such that $ $ $
BC + CD = BD (2)
$ $ $
AO =- pv, AB = qv, BO = rv From (1) and (2), we have
$ $ $
BA + AC = BD - CD
$ Basmati Permal Naura
A 10000 20000 30000 Ramkishan
=>
10000H Gurcharan Singh
$ $ $ $ $ $
BA + CD = BD - AC = BD + CA 50000 30000
October Sales (in `)
37. Rice is a nutritional staple food which provides
instant energy as its most important component Basmati Permal Naura
is carbohydrate (starch). On the other hand, rice B 5000 10000 6000 Ramkishan
=>
is poor in nitrogenous substances with average 20000 10000 10000H Gurcharan Singh
composition of these substances being only 8 per (i) Combined sales in September and October for
cent and fat content or lipids only negligible, i.e., each farmer in each variety is given by
1per cent and due to this reason it is considered as a
complete food for eating. Rice flour is rich in starch Basmati Permal Naura
and is used for making various food materials. 10000 + 5000 20000 + 10000 30000 + 6000
A+B =>
50000 + 20000 30000 + 10000 10000 + 10000H
15000 30000 36000 Ramkishan

=>
70000 40000 20000H Gurcharan Singh
(ii) Change in sales from September to October is
given by
Basmati Permal Naura
10000 - 5000 20000 - 10000 30000 - 6000
A-B =>
50000 - 20000 30000 - 10000 10000 - 10000H
5000 10000 24000 Ramkishan

=>
Two farmers Ramkishan and Gurcharan Singh 30000 20000 0H Gurcharan Singh
cultivate only three varieties of rice namely
Basmati, Permal and Naura. The sale (in `) of
(iii) 2% of B = 2 # B = 0.02 # B
these varieties of rice by both the farmers in the 100
month of September and October are given by the
following matrices A and B . Basmati Permal Naura
5000 10000 6000 Ramkishan
= 0.02 >
10000H Gurcharan Singh
September Sales (in `)
20000 10000
Basmati Permal Naura
A 10000 20000 30000 Ramkishan Basmati Permal Naura
=>
50000 30000 10000H Gurcharan Singh 100 200 120 Ramkishan
=>
October Sales (in `) 400 200 200H Gurcharan Singh
Basmati Permal Naura Thus, in October Ramkishan receives ` 100, ` 200

B and ` 120 as profit in the sale of each variety of rice,
5000 10000 6000 Ramkishan
=>
20000 10000 10000H Gurcharan Singh
respectively, and Gurcharan Singh receives profit of
` 400, ` 200 and ` 200 in the sale of each variety of
(i) Find the combined sales in September and rice, respectively.
October for each farmer in each variety.
(ii) Find the decrease in sales from September to
October.
(iii) If both farmers receive 2% profit on gross sales,
compute the profit for each farmer and for each
variety sold in October.
Sol :
The sale (in `) of these varieties of rice by both the
farmers in the month of September and October are
given by the following matrices A and B .
September Sales (in `)
38. Western music is a form of country music composed 2

(ii) R (x) = 15x - x
by and about the people who settled and worked 3000
throughout the Western United States and Western
Canada. Western music celebrates the lifestyle of Rl (x) = 15 - x
1500
the cowboy on the open ranges, Rocky Mountains,
and prairies of Western North America. For maxima/minima, put Rl (x) = 0
15 - x = 0
1500
x = 22500
Also, Rm (x) = - 1 1 0
1500
(iii) Maximum revenue will be at
Price of ticket = 15 - 22500

3000
= 15 - 7.5 = `7.5
or
(iv) Number of spectators will be equal to number
of tickets sold.
Required number of spectators = 22500
Western music is organised every year in the ***********

stadium that can hold 36000 spectators. With
ticket price of `10, the average attendance has been
24000. Some financial expert estimated that price
of a ticket should be determined by the function
p (x) = 15 - 3000
x
, where x is the number of ticket
sold.
Bases on the above information, answer of the
(i) Find the expression for total revenue R as a
function of x .
(ii) Find the value of x for which revenue is
maximum.
(iii) When the revenue is maximum, what will be
the price of the ticket?
or
(iv) How many spectators should be present to
maximum the revenue?
Sol :
(i) Let p be the price per ticket and x be the
number of tickets sold.
Then, revenue function
R (x) = p # x = a15 - x k x
3000
2
= 15x - x
3000

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
# sin 2x
Section - A =
1 - cos2 x + 2 cos2 x
dx
= # sin 2x dx
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. 1 + cos2 x
2
1. The value of #-2 (x cos x + sin x + 1) dx is Substituting 1 + cos2 x = t & - 2 cos x sin x dx = dt
- 2 sin 2x dx = dt
(a) 2 (b) 0
(c) - 2 (d) 4 I = - # dt =- log t + C
t
Sol : =- log 1 + cos2 x + C
2
#-2 (x cos x + sin x + 1) dx Thus (c) is correct option.
2 2 2 2 2
= # x cos x dx + #-2 sin x dx + #-2 1 dx 3. If av # bv + av $ bv = 144 and av = 4 , then bv is
-2
2
equal to
= [x sin x - # sin x dx ] -2 2 + #-2 sin x dx + [x] -2 2 (a) 16 (b) 8
= 2 sin 2 - 2 sin 2 -
2 2
#-2 sin x dx + -# 2 sin x dx + (2 + 2) = 4 (c) 3 (d) 12
Thus (d) is correct option. Sol :
2. # sin 2x dx is equal to a
2 2
av # bv + av $ bv = 144
sin x + 2 cos2 x
2
2 2
av $ bv (sin2 q + cos2 q) = 144
(a) - log (1 + sin2 x) + C
2
(b) log (1 + cos2 x) + C 16 bv = 144
2
(c) - log (1 + cos x) + C
bv = 3
(d) log (1 + tan2 x) + C
Sol :
4. If A and B are two equivalence relations defined on
sin 2x set C , then
We have I = # dx
(a) A k B is an equivalence relation
sin2 x + 2 cos2 x
(b) A k B is not an equivalence relation
(c) A k B is an equivalence relation f l (x) =- 2 sin 2x 1 0 in a 0, p k

2
(d) A k B is not an equivalence relation p
So, cos 2x is decreasing in a 0, k .
2
Sol : Thus (d) is correct option.
If A and B are equivelence relations, then A k B is 8. The condition that f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d has no
also an equivalence relation. extreme value is
Thus (c) is correct option. (a) b2 2 3ac (b) b2 = 4ac
y + ey+... dy (c) b2 = 3ac (d) b2 1 3ac
5. If x = ey + e , then is equal to
dx
Sol :
(a) 1 (b) 1 - x
x x
We have f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
(c) x (d) None of these
1+x Differentiating w.r.t. x , we get
Sol : f' (x) = 3ax2 + 2bx + c
y + ey+...
For extreme, f' (x) = 0 , 3ax2 + 2bx + c = 0
We have, x = ey + e Since, it has no extreme value.
x = ey + x b2 - 4ac 1 0
Taking log both sides, we get
(2b) 2 - 4 # 3a # c 1 0
log x = (x + y) log e
4b2 - 12ac 1 0
1 = dy + 1 & dy = 1 - x
x dx dx x b2 - 3ac 1 0
Thus (b) is correct option. b2 1 3ac
6. The derivative of log x is
9. #0
p/2 sin x - cos x dx is equal to
(a) 1 , x 2 0 (b) 1 , x ! 0 1 + sin x cos x
x x
(a) 0 (b) p
4
(c) 1 , x ! 0 (d) None of these
x (c) p (d) p
2
Sol : Sol :
log x, x 2 0 sin x - cos x dx
p/2
We have, y = log x = * I = #0 1 + sin x cos x
...(i)
log (- x), x 1 0
p/2 sin ^ 2 - x h - cos ^ 2 - x h
p p
Z 1, = # dx
] x20 0 1 + sin ^ p2 - x h cos ^ p2 - x h
dy x
=[ 1 1 p/2 cos x - sin x
dx
] - x (- 1) = x , x 1 0 = #
0 1 + cos x sin x
dx ...(ii)
\
dy Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
= 1, x ! 0
dx x 0
p/2

2I = #0
1 + sin x cos x
dx = 0 & I = 0
2
7. + # sin x dx + (2 + 2) = 4 Which of the following
-2
function is decreasing on (0, p/2)?

(a) sin 2x (b) cos 3x
10. The area bounded by the curve y = 1 x2 , the X -axis
(c) tan x (d) cos 2x 2
and the ordinate x = 2 is
Sol : (a) 1 sq unit (b) 2 sq unit
3 3
We have f (x) = cos 2x
(c) 1 sq unit (d) 4 sq unit
3
Sol : Hence, AB - BA is a skew-symmetric matrix.

2 Thus (b) is correct option.
Required area = #0 y dx
13. The family of curves y = ea sin x , where a is an
x2 dx = x3 2 = 4 sq units
:6D
2
= #0 2 3 arbitrary constant is represented by the differential
0
equation
dy dy
(a) log y = tan x (b) y log y = tan x
dx dx
dy dy
(c) y log y = sin (d) log y = cos x
dx dx
Sol :
Given curve is y = ea sin x
On taking log both sides, we get
log y
sin x =
a
dy dy log y
= ea sin x $ a cos x & = y cos x $
dx dx sin x
dy
y log y = tan x
Thus (d) is correct option. dx
dy ax + g
dx by + f
when 14. The order of the differential equation whose solution
(a) a = b (b) a =- b is y = a cos x + b sin x + ce-x , is
(c) a =- 2b (d) a = 2b (a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4
Sol :
dy ax + g Sol :
We have =
dx by + f In given equation, there are three parameters.
(by + f) dy = (ax + g) dx So, its differential equation is third order differential
Integrating both sides, we have equation.
by2 2
+ fy = ax + gx + C
2 2 15. If A and B are two independent events such that
ax2 - by2 + 2gx - 2fy + C = 0 P Âh = 12 and P ^B h = 13 , then P (neither A nor B )
which represents a circle, if a =- b . is equal to
Thus (b) is correct option. (a) 2 (b) 1
3 6
12. If A and B are two symmetric matrices of same
order. Then, the matrix AB - BA is equal to (c) 5 (d) 1
6 3
(a) a symmetric matrix
(b) a skew-symmetric matrix Sol :
(c) a null matrix Since, A and B are independent events.

(d) the identity matrix P Â k B h = P Âh $ P ^B h = 1 # 1 = 1
2 3 6
Sol :
Now, P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h
We have A = A' , B = B'
=1+1-1 =2
Now, (AB - BA) ' = (AB) ' - (BA) ' 2 3 6 3
P Â k B h = 1 - P Â j B h
= B'A' - A'B'
= BA - AB = 1-2 = 1
3 3
=- (AB - BA) Thus (d) is correct option.
16. The distance of the plane 6x - 3y + 2z - 14 = 0 y-x

Reason : If x 2 0, y 2 0 than tan-1 b x l + tan-1 b
from the origin is y y+xl
= p
(a) 2 (b) 1 4
(c) 14 (d) 8 (a) Assertion is true, reason is true, reason is a
Sol :
The distance from origin (0, 0, 0) to the plane correct explanation for assertion.
6x - 3y + 2z - 14 = 0 is (c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
6 (0) - 3 (0) + 2 (0) - 14 (d) Assertion is false, reason is true.
d = =2
36 + 9 + 4
Sol :
As we know that, if x 2 0, y 2 0 then
17. If P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3 and P ^B h = 0.6 , y-x
tan b x l + tan-1 b = p.
y+xl
-1
then the events will be y 4
(a) dependent So, given reason is true.
(b) independent 3
+1
Now tan-1 b 3 l + tan-1 b 1 l = tan-1 > 4 3 7 1 H
(c) cannot say anything 4 7 1 - ^ 4 h^ 7 h
(d) None of the above 21 + 4
= tan-1 > 2828- 3 H
Sol : 28
Given, P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3 25

= tan-1 = G 28
25
P ^B h = 0.6
28
and
= tan-1 (1)
P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h
0.83 = 0.3 + 0.6 - P Â k B h =p
4
Hence, both Assertion and reason are true and
P Â k B h = 0.9 - 0.83 = 0.07 reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Now, P Âh $ P ^B h = 0.3 # 0.6 = 0.18 Thus (a) is correct option.
P Âh $ P ^B h ! P Â k B h 20. Assertion : If A is a matrix of order 2 # 2 , then

Hence, events are dependent. adj A = A
Thus (a) is correct option. Reason : A = AT
18. If xv and yv are unit vectors and xv $ yv = 0 , then correct explanation for assertion.
(a) xv + yv = 1 (b) xv + yv = 3 (b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a
(c) xv + yv = 2 (d) xv + yv = 2 correct explanation for assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
Sol :
(d) Assertion is false, reason is true.
Given, xv = yv = 1 and xv $ yv = 0
Sol :
2 2 2
xv $ yv = xv + yv + 2 (xv $ yv)
Here, A = AT is true.
2
xv + yv = 1+1+0
Since, adj A = A n - 1
xv + yv = 2
here, n =2
So, adj A = A 2-1
= A
19. Let us define tan A + tan B = tan b A + B l
-1 -1 -1 Hence, both Assertion and reason are true but
1 - AB reason is not a correct explanation for assertion.
Assertion : The value of tan b l + tan b l is p .
-1 3 -1 1
4 7 4
Sol :
Section - B
We have av = 2it + 2tj - 5kt
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. and bv = 2it + tj - 7kt
Sum of two vectors,
21. Find the differential equation representing the
family of curves y = aebx + 5 , where a and b are av + bv = (2it + 2tj - 5kt) + (2it + tj - 7kt)
arbitrary constants.
= 4it + 3tj - 12kt
Sol : Required unit vector
We have, y = aebx + 5 av + bv = 4it + 3tj - 12kt
Differentiating above equation wrt x , we have av + bv 42 + 32 + 122
dy 4it + 3jt - 12kt
= aebx + 5 $ b =
dx 169
= y$b 4it + 3tj - 12kt
=
Again, differentiating above wrt x , we get 13
1
= (4it + 3tj - 12kt)
d2 y dy 13
=b
dx2 dx
dy dy or
= c 1 $ mb l [using Eq. (1)]
y dx dx
We have av = it - tj + 7kt
d2 y 1 dy 2
2 = y b dx l and bv = 5it - tj + lkt
dx
d2 y dy 2
or yc 2 m - b l = 0 , Then, av + bv = (it - tj + 7kt) + (5it - tj + lkt)
dx dx
which is the required differentiating equation. = 6it - 2tj + (7 + l) kt
22. Write the value of #0

1 ex dx . and av - bv = (it - tj + 7kt) - (5it - tj + lkt)
1 + e2x
Sol : = - 4it + (7 - l) kt
Since, (av + bv) and (av - bv) are perpendicular vectors,
We have I = #0
1 ex dx
we have
1 + e2x
(av + bv) $ (av - bv) = 0
=
1
ex
# + dx
0 1 (e x) [6it - 2jt + (7 + l) kt] $ [- 4it + (7 - l) kt] = 0
Substituting ex = t & ex dx = dt
- 24 + (7 + l) (7 - l) = 0
Also, when x = 0 , then t = 1 and when x = 1, then
t=e 49 - l2 = 24
Now, I = # dte
l2 = 25
11 + t2
= 5tan t ?1e
-1
l =! 5
= tan-1 e - tan-1 1 24. Write the vector equation of a line passing through
- point (1, - 1, 2) and parallel to the line whose
= tan -1 a e 1 k y-1 z+1
1+e equation is x - 3 = = .
1 2 -2
23. Write a unit vector in the direction of the sum of
the vectors av = 2it + 2tj - 5kt and bv = 2it + tj - 7kt. Sol :
or Vector equation of a line passing through a point

with position vector av and parallel to a given vector
If av = it - tj + 7kt and bv = 5it - tj + lkt, then find the
bv is
value of l , so that av + bv and av - bv are perpendicular
vectors. rv = av + lbv , where l d R .
Vector for point (1, - 1, 2) is 27. Let av = it + tj + kt, bv = 4it - 2tj + 3kt and
t
cv = it - 2tj + k . Find a vector of magnitude 6 units,
av = it - tj + 2kt
which is parallel to the vector 2av - bv + 3cv .
y-1 z+1
and vector for line x - 3 = = is Sol :
1 2 -2
bv = it + 2tj - 2kt. DR’s are 1, 2 and - 2 First, find the vector 2av - bv + 3cv , then find a unit
Required vector equation of line is vector in the direction of 2av - bv + 3cv . After this,
the unit vector is multiplying by 6.
rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + l (it + 2tj - 2kt), where l d R .
We have av = it + tj + kt,
25. Two groups are computing for the positions of
the Board of Directors of a corporation. The bv = 4it - 2tj + 3kt
probabilities that the first and second groups will and cv = it - 2tj + kt
win are 0.6 and 0.4 respectively. Further, if the first
group wins, the probability of introducing a new Now dv = 2av - bv + 3cv
product introduced way by the second group. = 2 (it + tj + kt) - (4it - 2tj + 3kt) + + 3 (it - 2tj + kt)
Sol : = 2it + 2tj + 2kt - 4it + 2tj - 3kt + 3it - 6tj + 3kt
v
Let E1 and E2 denote the events that first and Now, unit vector dt in the direction of dv is d
second group will win. Then, dv
P Ê1h = 0.6 and P Ê2h = 0.4 v v
dt = 2a - bv + 3c
v
2a - b + 3cv
v
Let E be the event of introducing the new product.
it - 2tj + 2kt
=
Then, P b E l = 0.7 and P b E l = 0.3 (1) + (- 2) 2 + (2) 2
2
E1 E2
Now, we have to find the probability that new it - 2jt + 2kt
product is introduced by second event. =
9
E P Ê2h P ` EE j it - 2tj + 2kt
Pb l =
2
=
2
E P Ê1h P ` EE j + P Ê2h P ` EE j
1 2
3
0.4 # 0.3 = it - 2 jt + 2 kt
1
= 3 3 3
0.6 # 0.7 + 0.4 # 0.3 Hence, vector of magnitude 6 units parallel to the
= 0.12 = 0.12 = 0.22 vector 2av - bv + 3cv is given by
0.42 + 0.12 0.54
6dt = 6 b 1 it - 2 tj + 2 ktl
3 3 3
= 2i - 4j + 4k
t t t
Section - C
p/2 2
This section comprises of short answer 28. Evaluate #0 x sin x dx .
type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
or
p/2
26. If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and Evaluate #p/4 cos 2x $ log (sin x) dx .
f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} is a function from A to B .
Sol :
State whether f is one-one or not.
p/2 2
Sol : We have I = #0 x sin x dx
Given, A = {1, 2, 3} Using integration by parts technique
B = {4, 5, 6, 7} # uI $ vdx = ;u # vdx - # & d u $ # vdx 0 dx E

II dx
and f : A " B is defined as and choosing its function with the help of ILATE
f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} procedure we have
i.e. f (1) = 4 , f (2) = 5 f (3) = 6

I # xI2 sinII xdx
It can be seen that the images of distinct elements =- x2 cos x + 2 # x cos x dx
I II
of A under f are distinct. So, f is one-one.
=- x2 cos x + 2 [x (sin x) - # 1 $ (sin x) dx ] 3 cos cos-1 1 - x2 + x

x =
2 c 4m 4
=- x2 cos x + 2 (x sin x + cos x) 2
x = 3 c 1 - x m+ x
= [- x2 cos x + 2 (x sin x + cos x)] p0 /2 2 4 4
2
x-x = 3c 1-x m
= :- a p k cos a p k + 2 a p sin p + cos p k 4 2 4
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
3x = 3c 1-x m
- 2 (0 + cos 0)@ 4 2 4
2 9x2 2
= 3 b1 - x l
=- p # 0 + 2 a p + 0k - 2 (0 + 1) 16 4 4
4 2
2
= p-2 3 x2 = 1-x
4 4
or 3 x2 + x2 = 1
p/2
4 4
We have I = #p/4 cos 2x log (sin x) dx
II I 4x2 = 1
Using integration by parts technique 4
d u $ vdx dx x2 = 1 & x = ! 1
# uI $ vdx = ;u # vdx - # &dx # 0 E
II But x =- 1, does not satisfy the given equation.
and choosing its function with the help of ILATE Hence, x = 1 satisfy the given equation.
procedure we have
30. Evaluate # x2 + x + 1 dx .
I = :log (sin x) sin 2x - # 1 cos x $ sin 2x dx p/2
D 2
(x + 1) (x + 2)
2 sin x 2 p/4
Sol :
log (sin x) $ sin 2x p/2 cos x $ (2 sin x cos x)
=; E -
p/2
2
#p/4 2 sin x
dx
p/4
We have I = # x2 + x - 1 dx
2
= 1 9log a sin p k $ sin p - log a sin p k $ sin p C -
p/2
#p/4 cos2 x dx (x + 1) (x + 2)
2 2 4 2
Now x2 + x + 1 = A + Bx2 + C
= 1 ;0 - log 1 E - # 1 + cos 2x dx x+2
p/2 2
(x + 1) (x + 2) x +1
2 2 p/4 2
x2 + x + 1 = A (x2 + 1) + (Bx + C) (x + 2) ...(1)
= 1 log 2 - 1 :x + sin 2x D
p/2
4 2 2 p/4 x2 + x + 1 = x2 (A + B) + x (2B + C) + (A + 2C)

sin p/2
= 1 log 2 - 1 =b p + sin p l - c p +
4 2 2 2 4 2 mG ...(2)
Substituting x = - 2 in eq (1) we have
= 1 log 2 - 1 b p - p - 1 l
4 2 2 4 2 4 - 2 + 1 = A (4 + 1) + 0 & A = 3
5
= 1 log 2 - 1 b p - 1 l Comparing the coefficients of x2 , x and constant

4 2 4 2 terms both sides in eq (2), we get
= 1 log 2 - p + 1 A+B = 1 ...(3)
4 8 4
2B + C = 1 ...(4)
29. Solve for x , cos x + sin a x k = p .
-1 -1
2 6 and A + 2C = 1 ...(5)
Sol : Substituting A = 5 in (3) and (5) we get C = 15
3
and B = 25 .
We have cos-1 x + sin-1 a x k = p
2 6 x2 + x + 1 (2x + 1)
Thus = 3$ 1 +1 2
-1 p
cos x = - sin-1 x
2
(x + 1) (x + 2) 5 (x + 2 ) 5 (x + 1)
6 2
(2 x + 1 )
p
x = cos a - sin-1 x k Now I = 3 # dx + 1 # 2 dx
6 2 5 x+2 5 x +2
Using cos (x - y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y we have = 3 # dx + 1 # 22x + 1 # 2dx

5 x+2 5 x +1 5 x +1
x = cos p cos a sin-1 x k + sin p sin a sin-1 x k
6 2 6 2 = 3 log x + 2 + 1 log x2 + 1 + 1 tan-1 x + C
5 5 5
2 -3
31. Given A = >
-4 7 H
, compute A-1 and show that Section - D
2A-1 = 9I - A . This section comprises of long answer-
type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
or
2 3 32. Let av = it + 4tj + 2kt, bv = 3it - 2tj + 7kt and
If A = >
5 - 2H
be such that A-1 = kA , then find the t
cv = 2i - j + 4k . Find a vector pv , which is
t t
value of k . perpendicular to both av and bv and pv $ cv = 18 .
Sol : Sol :
2 -3
A =>
-4 7 H
We have, We have av = it + 4tj + 2kt,
bv = 3it - 2tj + 7kt

2 -3
Here, A = and cv = 2it - tj + 4kt
-4 7
= 14 - 12 = 2
Let pv = xit + yjt + zkt where pv is perpendicular to
-1
Since A ! 0 , therefore A exists.
both av and bv . Thus
7 3
Now, adj (A) = > H pv $ av = 0
4 2
(xit + yjt + zkt) $ (it + 4tj + 2kt) = 0
A-1 = 1 adj (A)
A
x + 4 y + 2z = 0 ...(1)
7 3
= 1>
2 4 2H ...(i) and pv $ bv = 0
(xit + yjt + zkt) $ (3it - 2tj + 7kt) = 0

Now 2A-1 = 9I - A
3x - 2y + 7z = 0 ...(2)
RHS = 9I - A
Since pv $ cv = 18 we have
1 0 2 -3
= 9> H - >
0 1 -4 7 H (xit + yjt + zkt) $ (2it - tj + 4kt) = 18
9 0 2 -3 7 3 2x - y + 4z = 18 ...(3)
= > H-> H => H Multiplying Eq. (1) by 3 and subtracting it from
0 9 - 4 7 4 2
Eq. (2), we get
= 2A-1 [using Eq. (i)]
- 14y + z = 0 ...(4)
or Now, multiplying Eq. (1) by 2 and subtracting it
from Eq. (3), we get
2 3
A =>
5 - 2H
We have, - 9y = 18 & y = - 2
Substituting y = - 2 in Eq. (4), we get
2 3
A = - 14 (- 2) + z = 0
5 -2
=- 4 - 15 = - 19 28 + z = 0 & z =- 28
Since A ! 0 , matrix A is non-singular and A-1 Substituting y =- 2 and z =- 28 in Eq. (1), we get
exists. x + 4 (- 2) + 2 (- 28) = 0
-2 -3
adj A = >
-5 2 H
Now x - 8 - 56 = 0 & x = 64
Hence, the required vector is
A-1 = 1 adj A pv = xit + yjt + zkt
A
-1 -2 -3 i.e. pv = 64it - 2tj - 28kt
19 >- 5 2 H
=
33. Find the particular solution of the differential 1 log 1 = - log 1 + C

equation satisfying the given condition. 2 3
x2 dy + (xy + y2) dx = 0 , when y (1) = 1 C = 1 log 1

2 3
or Substituting the value of C in Eq. (2), we get
Find the particular solution of the differential
1 log y
equation = log x + 1 log 1
2 y + 2x 2 3
dy y
x - y + x cosec a k = 0 log
y
= - 2 log x + log 1
dx x y + 2x 3
Sol : y 1
log = log x -2 + log
y + 2x 3
We have x2 dy + (xy + y2) dx = 0
y
x2 dy =- (xy + y2) dx log = log 12 + log 1
y + 2x x 3
y 1
dy - (xy + y2) log = log 2
= y + 2x 3x
dx x2
dy y y2 y
=- c + 2 m
x x
...(1) = 1 2 & y $ 3x2 = y + 2x
dx y + 2x 3x
which is a homogeneous differential equation as y (3x2 - 1) = 2x
dy y
= Fa k. 2x
dx x y =
dy 3x 2 - 1
Substituting y = vx & = v + x dv in eq (1) we
dx dx which is the required particular solution.
have
v + x dv =- (v + v2) or
dx
Given differential equation is
x dv =- v - v2 - v
dx dy y
We have x - y + x cosec a k = 0
=- 2v - v2 dx x
dy y y
dv - + cosec a k = 0
=- dx dx x x
v2 + 2v x
dy y y
Integrating both sides, we have = - cosec a k ...(1)
dx x x
# dv =- # dx which is a homogeneous differential equation as
v2 + 2v x
dy y
= Fa k
# 2 dv =- # dx
x
dx x
v + 2v + 1 - 1
dy
# dv =- # dx Substituting y = vx & = v + x dv in eq (1) we
x dx dx
(v + 1) 2 - (1) 2 have
1 log v + - 1 =- log x + C v + x dv = vx - cosec a vx k
2 v+1+1 dx x x
1 log v v + x dv = v - cosec v
=- 2 log x + C dx
2 v+2
x dv = - cosec v
y dx
1 log =- log x + C
x
2 +2 y dv = - dx
x
cosec v x
1 log y
=- log x + C ...(2) Integrating both sides, we have
2 y + 2x
Also, given that at x = 1, y = 1. # dv = # - dx
Substituting x = y = 1 in Eq. (2), we get cosec v x
1 log 1 # sin v dv = # - dx
x
=- log 1 + C
2 1+2
- cos v = - log x + C
y a2 + 2a + 1 0 a2 + b - 1 a - 1
- cos
x
=- log x + C >2a - b + ab - 2 4H = > ab - b b
H
y
cos = (log x - C) ...(2) Equating the corresponding elements, we get
x
Also, given that x = 1 and y = 0 . a2 + 2a + 1 = a2 + b - 1
Substituting above values in Eq. (2), we get 2a - b = - 2 ...(i)
cos 0 = log 1 - C a-1 = 0 & a = 1 ...(ii)
1 = 0 - C & C =- 1
2a - b + ab - 2 = ab - b
y
cos = log x + 1 [from Eq. (2)] 2a - 2 = 0 & a = 1 ...(iii)
x
which is required particular solution of given and b =4 ...(iv)
differential equation. Since, a = 1 and b = 4 also satisfy Eq. (i), therefore
a = 1 and b = 4 .
1 -1 a 1
34. If A = >
2 - 1H
, B=>
b - 1H
and (A + B) 2 = A2 + B2 ,
or
then find the values of a and b . R- 1 - 2 - 2V
S W
or We have A = S 2 1 - 2W
R- 1 - 2 - 2V SS 2 - 2 1 WW
S W
Find the adjoint of the matrix A = S 2 1 - 2W T X
SS 2 - 2 1 WW Let Aij be the cofactor of an element aij of A .
and
T X Then, cofactors of elements of A are
hence show that A (adj A) = A I3 . 1 -2
A11 = (- 1) 1 + 1 = (1 - 4) = - 3
Sol : -2 1
1 -1 a 1 2 -2
We have A = >
2 - 1H
and B = >
b - 1H
A12 = (- 1) 1 + 2 =- (2 + 4) =- 6
2 1
1 -1 a 1 2 1
Now, A + B = >
2 - 1H >b - 1H
+ A13 = (- 1) 1 + 3 = (- 2 - 4) =- 6
2 -2
1 + a -1 + 1 1+a 0 -2 -2
=>
2 + b - 1 - 1H >2 + b - 2H
= A21 = (- 1) 2 + 1 = - (- 2 - 4) = 6
-2 1
1+a 0 1+a 0 -1 -2
(A + B) 2 = >
2 + b - 2H >2 + b - 2H
$ A22 = (- 1) 2 + 2 = (- 1 + 4) = 3
2 1
1 + a 2 + 2a 0 -1 -2
=> H A23 = (- 1) 2 + 3
2 -2
=- (2 + 4) =- 6
2 + 2a + b + ab - 4 - 2b 4
a2 + 2a + 1 0 -2 -2
=> H A31 = (- 1) 3 + 1
1 -2
= (4 + 2) = 6
2a - b + ab - 2 4
1 -1 1 -1 a 1 a 1 -1 -2
Also, A2 + B2 = >
2 - 1H >2 - 1H >b - 1H >b - 1H
$ + $ A32 = (- 1) 3 + 2 = - (2 + 4) =- 6
2 -2
-1 -2
-1 0 a2 + b a - 1 A33 = (- 1) 3 + 3 = (- 1 + 4) = 3
=> H +> H 2 1
0 -1 ab - b b + 1
Adjoint of the matrix A is given by
a2 + b - 1 a - 1 RA A A31VW
=> H S 11 21
ab - b b adj A = SA12 A22 A32W
SSA A A33WW
13 23
Now, (A + B) 2 = A2 + B2 T X
cos t
SRS- 3 6 6 WVW
S
= SS- 6 3 - 6WW
W
=- sin t + 2 $ 1
SS WW 2 $ sin t cos2 t
S- 6 - 6 3 W 2 2
-1 -2 -2
T X
=- sin t + 1
Now, A = 2 1 -2 sin 2 # t
2 -2 1 2
=- 1 (1 - 4) + 2 (2 + 4) - 2 (- 4 - 2) a 2 sin a cos a = sin 2a]
=- (- 3) + 2 (6) - 2 (- 6) = - sin t + cosec t ...(ii)

dy dy/dt cos t
= 3 + 12 + 12 = 27 Now, = =
dx dx/dt cosec t - sin t
R- 1 - 2 - 2VR- 3 6 6 V
S WS W [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
A $ (adj A) = S 2 1 - 2WS- 6 3 - 6W
SS 2 - 2 1 WWSS- 6 - 6 3 WW = cos t $ sin t = sin t $ cos t
RT XT X V 1 - sin2 t cos2 t
S 3 + 12 + 12 - 6 - 6 + 12 - 6 + 12 - 6W
= S- 6 - 6 + 12 12 + 3 + 12 12 - 6 - 6 W dy
= tan t
SS- 6 + 12 - 6 12 - 6 - 6 12 + 12 + 3 WW dx
TR V X d dy
S27 0 0 W d2 y d dy dx b dx l sec2 t
= S 0 27 0 W 2 = dx b dx l = dx
=
cosec t - sin t
SS 0 0 27WW dx
dt
T RS VX
SS1 0 0WWW 2
= 27 SS0 1 0WW = sec t $2sin t = sec3 t $ tan t

SS W cos t
S0 0 1WW
d2 y 3p p
; 2 E p = sec 4 $ tan 4 = 2 2 # 1 = 2 2
T X
= 27I3 = A I3 Hence proved.
dx t =
4
35. If x = cos t + log tan b t l , y = sin t , then find the or

2 Given,
d2 y d2 y
values of 2 and at t = p . x2 + 3x + a, x # 1
dt dx2 4 f (x) = * is differentiable at x = 1.
bx + 2, x21
or
Lf' (1) = Rf' (1) ...(i)
Find the values of a and b , if the function f defined
x2 + 3x + a, x # 1 f (1 - h) 2 - f (1)
by f (x) = * is differentiable at Here, Lf' (1) = lim
-h
bx + 2, x21 h"0
x = 1. (1 - h) 2 + 3 (1 - h) + a - (4 + a)
= lim
h"0 -h
Sol : 2
= lim 1 + h - 2h + 3 - 3h + a - 4 - a
Given that, h"0 -h
2
y = sin t = lim h - 5h
h"0 -h
dy f (1 + h) - f (1)
= cos t [differentiate w.r.t.t ] ...(i) and Rf' (1) = lim
dt h"0 h
d2 y b (1 + h) + 2 - (4 + a)
=- sin t [differentiate w.r.t. t ] = lim
dt2 h"0 h
d2 y p 1 = lim b + bh + 2 - 4 - a
; dt2 E p =- sin 4 =- h"0 h
t= 2
4
= lim bh + b - a-2
h
x = cos t + log tan t
h"0
Again,
2
Clearly, for Rf' (1) to be exist b - a - 2 should be
dx =- sin t + 1 $ sec2 t $ 1 equal to 0, i.e.
dt tan t 2 2
2 b-a-2 = 0 ...(ii)
[differentiate w.r.t. t ]
Now, Rf' (1) = lim bh per kg to purchase food II. Let Z be cost function.
h"0 h
Thus Z = 30x + 42y
= lim b = b
h"0
Food I contains 2 units per kg of vitamin A and
From Eq. (i), we have
1 unit per kg of vitamin C , while food II contains
Lf' (1) = Rf' (1) 1 unit per kg of vitamin A an 2 units per kg of
vitamin C . Vitamin contents of mixture must
5 =b contain atleast 8 units of vitamin A and 10 units of
b =5 vitamin C .
Now, on substituting b = 5 in Eq. (ii), we get The given data can be put in the tabular form as
follows
5-a-2 = 0
Food " I II Availability
a =3 Vitamin .
Hence, a = 3 and b = 5 . Vit. A 2 1 2x + y $ 8
Vit. C 1 2 x + 2y $ 10
Thus, the required problem is LPP
Section - E Minimize Z = 30x + 42y
Case study based questions are compulsory. Subject to 2x + y $ 8
36. Vitamins are nutritional substances which you need x + 2y $ 10
in small amounts in your diet. Vitamins A and E
are fat-soluble vitamins, meaning they’re stored in and x $ 0, y $ 0
your body’s fat cells, but they need to have their (i) Region corresponding to 2x + y $ 8 :
levels topped up regularly. Vitamin C is a water-
soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits and Line 2x + y = 8
vegetables, and also sold as a dietary supplement.
x 0 4 Point (0, 0) is false for 2x + y $ 8
It is used to prevent and treat scurvy. Vitamin C
y 8 0 So, the region is away from the
is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of
origin.
tissue, the formation of collagen, and the enzymatic
production of certain neurotransmitters.
(ii) Region corresponding to x + 2y $ 10 :
Line x + 2y = 10
x 0 5 Point (0, 0) is false for x + 2y $ 10
y 10 0 So, the region is away from the
origin.
A dietician wishes to mix two types of foods in such Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the
a way that the vitamin contents of mixture contains first quadrant.
atleast 8 units of vitamin A and 10 units of vitamin Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
C . Food I contains 2 units per kg of vitamin A and common area. The shaded region CPB represents
1 unit per kg of vitamin C , while food II contains the feasible region of the given LPP which is
1 unit per kg of vitamin A an 2 units per kg of unbounded. The point of intersection of the lines
vitamin C . It costs Rs. 30 per kg to purchase food 2x + y $ 8 and x + 2y = 10 is P (2, 4). The corner
I and Rs. 42 per kg to purchase food II. points are C (10, 0), P (2, 4) and B (0, 8).
(i) Formulate above as an LPP and solve it
graphically.
(ii) Find the minimum cost of such a mixture.
Sol :
Let the diet contains x kg of food I and y kg of food
II. Clearly x $ 0 and y $ 0 .
If costs Rs. 30 per kg to purchase food I and Rs. 42
37. Chemical reaction, a process in which one or more 10 ck - 1 m = - 1

substances, the reactants, are converted to one or 50
more different substances, the products. Substances
are either chemical elements or compounds. A 10k - 1 = - 1
5
chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms
of the reactants to create different substances as 10k =- 1 + 1 =- 4
products. 5 5
k =- 4 =- 2
50 25
Therefore, Q^t h = 1
2
25 t + 501
= 1 = 50
4t + 1 4t + 1
50
and Q ^2 h = 50 . 5.56 grams

8+1
In a certain chemical reaction, a substance

is converted into another substance at a rate
proportional to the square of the amount of the first
substance present at any time t . Initially ^t = 0h 50
g of the first substance was present; 1 hr later, only
10 g of it remained.
(i) Find an expression that gives the amount of the
first substance present at any time t .
(ii) What is the amount present after 2 hr?
Sol :
Since rate is proportional to the square of the
amount of the first substance present at any time t ,
we are led to the differential equation
dQ
= kQ2
dt
The differential equation is separable. Separating The values of Z at corner points are given below.
the variables and integrating, we obtain
Corner Points Z = 30x + 42y
# dQ2 = # k dt C (10, 0) Z = 30 # 10 + 0 = 300
Q
P (2, 4) Z = 30 # 2 + 42 # 4 = 228
and - 1 = kt + C
Q
B (0, 8) Z = 0 + 42 # 8 = 336
Therefore, Q =- 1
kt + C From table, the minimum value of Z is 228. As
Now, Q = 50 when t = 0 , therefore, 50 =- 1
and the feasible region is unbounded, therefore 228
C
may or may not be the minimum value of Z . For
C =- . 1
50 this, we draw a dotted graph of the inequality
1 30x + 42y 1 228 and check graph of the inequality
Therefore, Q =-
kt - 501 plane has point in common with the feasible region
Since Q = 10 when t = 1, or not.
It can seen that the feasible region has no common
10 =- 1
point with 30x + 42y 1 228 . Hence, the minimum
k - 501
cost Rs. 38, when x = 2 and y = 4 .
38. An insurance company believes that people can be (ii) By Baye’s theorem,
divided into two classes: those who are accident prone P (E1) # P (E/E1)
and those who are not. The company’s statistics P (E1 /E) =
P (E)
show that an accident-prone person will have an
accident at sometime within a fixed one-year period 20 6 3
#
with probability 0.6, whereas this probability is 0.2 = 100 10 = 25 = 3
for a person who is not accident prone. The company 7 7 7
25 25
knows that 20% of the population is accident prone.
***********
On the basis of above information, answer the

(i) What is the probability that a new policyholder
will have an accident within a year of purchasing
a policy?
(ii) Suppose that a new policy holder has an accident
within a year of purchasing a policy. What is
the probability that he or she is accident prone?
Sol :
Consider the following events
E1 = The policy holder is accident prone
E2 = The policy holder is not accident prone
E = The new policy holder has an accident
within a year of purchasing a policy.
P (E1) = 20
100
and P (E2) = 80
100
E
P b l = 0.6 = 6
E1 10
and P b E l = 0.2 = 2
E2 10
= P (E1) # P (E/E1) + P (E2)

(i) P (E)
# P (E/E2)
= 20 # 6 + 80 # 2
100 10 100 10
= 280 = 7
1000 25

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
F = Event of getting an odd number "1, 3, 5, , on a

Section - A die
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each.
P Ê h = 1 , P ^F h = 3 = 1
a a
2 6 2
1. If #0 f (2a - x) dx = m and #0 f (x) dx = n , then
Since, E and F are independent events.
2a
#0 f (x) dx is equal to P Ê k F h = P Ê h $ P ^F h = 1 # 1 = 1
2 2 4
(a) 2m + n (b) m + 2n
(c) m - n (d) m + n
3. The function f ^x h = x2 e-x is strictly increases in the
Sol : interval
2a a (a) ^0, 2h (b) ^0, 3h
#0 f (x) dx = #0 {f (2a - x) + f (x)} dx
(c) `- 3, 0@ , 62, 3h (d) none of theses
a a
= #0 f (2a - x) dx + #0 f (x) dx
Sol :
= m+n
Thus (d) is correct option. Here, f l^x h = d ^x2 e-x h = x2 e-x ^- 1h + e-x 2x
dx
f l^x h = e-x ^2x - x2h > 0
2. A coin and six faced die, both unbiased, are thrown
simultaneously. The probability of getting a head on If, 2x - x2 > 0 , ie, x ^x - 2h < 0 or 0 < x < 2
the coin and an odd number on the die is
Hence, f ^x h is strictly increasing in the interval
(a) 1 (b) 3 ^0, 2h .
2 4
(c) 1 (d) 2
4 3 sec2 (sin-1 x)
Sol :
4. # dx is equal to
1 - x2
Let the following event be defined (a) sin (tan-1 x) + C (b) tan (sec-1 x) + C
E = Event of getting a head on a coin and (c) tan (sin-1 x) + C (d) - tan (cos-1 x) + C
Sol : Sol :
sec2 (sin-1 x) Since, av, bv and cv vectors form a right handed

We have I = # dx system, then
1 - x2
cv = av # bv
Substituting sin x = t & dt =
-1 1
dx 1 - x2 = `xit + yjt + zktj # tj = xkt - zit
dt = 1 dx Thus (c) is correct option.
1 - x2
8. If the function f ^x h = kx3 - 9x2 + 9x + 3 is
I = # sec2 t dt monotonically increasing in every interval, then
= tan t + C (a) k < 3 (b) k # 3
= tan (sin-1 x) + C (c) k > 3 (d) k $ 3
Thus (c) is correct option. Sol :
5. If R is a relation on the set N , defined by f l^x h = 3kx2 - 18x + 9
{(x, y): 2x - y = 10} , then R is
f ^x h is increasing on every interval, if
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric
f l^x h $ 0 6 x e R
(c) transitive (d) None of the above
3kx2 - 18x + 9 $ 0 6 x e R
Sol :
If k > 0 and ^- 18h2 - 4 ^3k h^9 h # 0
Reflexive As 20 d N but (20, 20) d Y R . So, it is
not reflexive. If k > 0 and 324 - 108k # 0
Symmetric As (20, 30) d R but (30, 20) d Y R . So,
it is not symmetric. If k > 0 and k $ 3
Transitive As (20, 30) d R , (30, 50) d R but (20, Thus (d) is correct option.
50) d YR .
3 sin px , x ! 0
So, it is not transitive. 9. If f (x) = * 5x is continuous at x = 0 ,
Thus (d) is correct option. 2k, x=0
then the value of k is
6. If sin-1 x = q + b and sin-1 y = q - b , then 1 + xy is (a) p (b) 3p
equal to 10 10
(a) sin2 q + sin2 b (b) sin2 q + cos2 b (c) 3p (d) 3p
2 5
(c) cos2 q + cos2 b (d) none of these
Sol :
Sol :
3 sin px , x ! 0
We have, We have f (x) = * 5x
2k, x=0
sin-1 x = q + b and sin-1 y = q - b
Now, lim f (x) = lim b 3 sin x l
x = sin ^q + bh and y = sin ^q - bh x"0 x"0 5x
1 + xy = 1 + sin ^q + bh sin ^q - bh = 3 lim a sin px k # p

5 x"0 px
= 1 + sin2 q - sin2 b
= #1#p = 3 p
3
5 5
= cos2 b + sin2 q
Also, f (0) = 2k
Since, f (x) is continuous at x = 0 .
7. Let av = xit + yjt + zkt, bv = tj . The value of cv for which f (0) = lim f (x)
x"0
av, bv, cv form a right handed system is
3 3p
(a) v0 (b) zit - xkv 2k = 5 p & k = 10
(c) - zit + xkt (d) yjt Thus (b) is correct option.
10. The domain of the function f (x) = cos x is C21 = sin 2q and C22 = cos 2q
A = cos2 2q + sin2 2q = 1
(a) : 3p , 2pD (b) 90, p C
2 2
cos 2q - sin 2q T
A-1 = 1 > H
(c) [- p, p] (d) 90, p C , :3p , 2pD A sin 2q cos 2q
2 2
Sol : cos 2q sin 2q
=>
- sin 2q cos 2qH
Given, f (x) = cos x , i.e. cos x $ 0
Thus option (d) is correct.
But, - 1 # cos x # 1
13. Order of the differential equation of the family of all
0 # cos x # 1 concentric circles centred at (h, k), is
i.e. x lies in 1st or IVth quadrant. (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 4
0#x #p
2
3p # x # 2p Sol :
or
2
(x - h) 2 + (y - k) 2 = r2
x d 90, p C , : 3p , 2pD
2 2 Here only one arbitrary constant r .
Also, cos (- x) = cos x So, order of differential equation is 1.
p p Thus (c) is correct option.
9- 2 , 2 C is also the domain of the function.
14. If m and n are the order and degree of the
differential equation
log x d2 y 3
11. If f (x) = * x - 1
, if x ! 1
is continuous at x = 1, c m
d2 y 5 dx2 d3 y
k, if x = 1 c 2m + 4 3 + 3 = x2 - 1, then
dx d y dx
dx3
(a) 0 (b) - 1
(a) m = 3, n = 2 (b) m = 3, n = 3
(c) 1 (d) e
(c) m = 3, n = 5 (d) m = 3, n = 1
Sol :
Sol :
log (1 + h)
At x = 1, lim f (x) = lim Given differential equation can be rewritten as
x"1 + h"0 1 + h - 1
log (1 + h) d2 y 5 d3 y d2 y 3 d3 y 2 d2 y
c 2 m 3 + 4c 2 m +c 3 m = (x - 1)
2
= lim =1
h"0 h dx dx dx dx dx2
As f (x) is continuous at x = 1. Here, order m =3
lim f (x) = f (1) & 1 = k Degree n =2
x " 1+
Thus (c) is correct option. Thus (a) is correct option.
cos 2q - sin 2q
12. Inverse of the matrix >
sin 2q cos 2q H 15. The vectors av = 2it - 3tj and bv = - 4it + 6tj are
is
(a) coincident
cos 2q - sin 2q cos 2q sin 2q
(b) >
sin 2q - cos 2qH
(a) > H (b) parallel
sin 2q cos 2q
(c) perpendicular
cos 2q - sin 2q cos 2q sin 2q
(d) >
- sin 2q cos 2qH
(c) >
sin 2q cos 2q H (d) neither parallel nor perpendicular
Sol : Sol :
Here, cofactors are
Given that,av = 2tj - 3tj
C11 = cos 2q , C12 =- sin 2q
and bv =- 4it + 6tj = - 2av
Hence, av and bv are parallel vectors. 19. Assertion: The equation of curve passing through (3,
dy
Thus (b) is correct option. 9) which satisfies differential equation = x + 12
3 dx x
is 6xy = 3x + 29x - 6
16. The area bounded by y = log x , X -axis and
ordinates x = 1, x = 2 is Reason: The solution of differential equation
dy 2 dy
(a) 1 (log 2) 2 b dx l - b dx l (e + e ) + 1 = 0 is y = c1 e + c2 e
x -x x -x
(b) log (2/e)
2 .
(c) log (4/e) (d) log 4 (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
correct explanation for Assertion.
Sol :
(b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
2 a correct explanation for Assertion.
Required area, A = #
1
log x dx
(c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
= [x log x - x] 12
(d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
= 2 log 2 - 1
Sol :
= log 4 - log e
From reason differential equation can be written as
= log b 4 l dy dy
b dx - e lb dx - e l = 0
x -x
e
dy dy
= ex or = e-x
17. A straight line which makes an angle of 60c with dx dx
each of y and z axes, inclined with x -axis at an
angle of # dy = # ex dx or # dy = # e-x dx
(a) 30c (b) 45c y = ex + c1 or y =- e-x + c2
(c) 75c (d) 60c
= c1 ex + c2 e-x + c2
Sol :
= c1 ex + c2 e-x
Now, cos2 a + cos2 60c + cos2 60c = 1 It will satisfy the above equation from assertion.
cos2 a = 1 - 1 - 1 = 1
4 4 2
# dy = # bx + x12 ldx
a = 45c 2
y = x - 1 +c
Thus (b) is correct option. 2 x
It passes through (3, 9).
18. It is given that the events A and B are such that
P (A) = 14 , P ( BA ) = 12 and P ( BA ) = 23 . Then, P ^B h is 9 = 9-1 +c
2 3
equal to
c = 9 - 9 + 1 = 29
(a) 1 (b) 1 2 3 6
2 6 2
x
y = - + 1 29
(c) 1 (d) 2 2 x 6
3 3
6xy = 3x3 + 29x - 6
Sol :
Thus assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
P Â k B h a correct explanation for Assertion.
We have Pb A l =
B P ^B h Thus (b) is correct option.
P ^B k Ah 20. Let A be a 2 # 2 matrix.
and Pb B l =
A P Âh Assertion: adj (adj A) = A .
P ^ BA h $ P Âh Reason: adj A = A .
P ^B h =
P ^ BA h (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
2 1 correct explanation for Assertion.
= 5 $ 4
=1
1
2 3 (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
Thus (c) is correct option. a correct explanation for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true; Reason is false. 22. State the reason for the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3}
(d) Assertion is false; Reason is true. given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} not to be transitive.
Sol :
Sol :
We know that for a relation to be transitive,
a b d -b
A = > H , adj A = >
-c a H
Let (x, y) d R and (y, z) d R (x, z) d R .
c d
Here, (1, 2) d R and (2, 1) d R but (1, 1) d
Y R.
a b R is not transitive.
adj (adj A) = > H
c d
23. Write the vector in the direction of the vector
adj A = ad - bc = A .
it - 2tj + 2kt that has magnitude 9 units.
Thus assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is
or
not a correct explanation for Assertion.
Find the magnitude of each of the two vectors av
and bv , having the same magnitude such that the
angle between them is 60c and their scalar product
is 9 .
Section - B 2
Sol :
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. We have av = it - 2tj + 2kt
Now av = 12 + (- 2) 2 + 22
21. A line passes through the point with position
vector 2it - tj + 4kt and is the direction of the vector = 1+4+4
it + tj - 2kt. Find the equation of the line in cartesian
form. = 9 = 3 units
Sol : The unit vector in the direction of the given vector

av is
Since given line passes through the point A having
at = a = 1 (it - 2tj + 3kt)
v
position vector av1 = 2it - tj + 4kt and is parallel to 3
av
the vector bv = (it + tj - 2kt), we may write equation
of the given line as The vector of magnitude equal to 21 units and in
the direction of av is given by
rv = av1 + lbv
21at = 9 # 1 (it - 2tj + 3kt)
3
= (2it - tj + 4kt) + l (it + tj - 2kt)
= 3it - 6jt + 6kt
Substituting rv = xit + yjt + zkt in above equation we
have or
(xit + yjt + zkt) = (2it - tj + 4kt) + l (it + tj - 2kt) Given, two vectors av and bv such that av = bv ,
av $ bv = 9 and angle between them is 60c.
xit + yjt + zkt = (2 + l) it + (l - 1) tj + (4 - 2l) kt 2
If q is angle between av and bv then we have
Comparing coefficient we have
x = 2 + l , y = l - 1 and z = 4 - 2l av $ bv = av bv cos q ,
Substituting values we obtain
x-2 = y+1 = z-4 = l
1 1 -2 9 = av $ av cos 60c
x - 2 y+1 z-4 2
Hence, = = 1 $ av 2 = 9
1 1 -2 cos 60c = 1
2 2 2
is the required equation of the given line in cartesian 2
form. a =9
v
av = 3 magnitude cannot be negative]
Thus, av = bv = 3
24. Evaluate # (1 - x) x dx . Section - C

or
Given, # e (tan x + 1) sec x dx = ex f (x) + C . Write
x This section comprises of short answer
f (x) satisfying above. type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
Sol : 26. Find # dx .
5 - 8x - x 2
We have I = # (1 - x) x dx Sol :
= #( x - x x ) dx
We have I = # dx
5 - 8x - x 2
= # (x 1/2 3/2
- x ) dx
= # dx
= 2 x3/2 - 2 x5/2 + C 5 - 2 $ 4 $ x - x2 - (4) 2 + (4) 2
3 5
= # dx
or 5 + 16 - [x2 + (4) 2 + 2 $ 4 $ x]
# ex (tan x + 1) sec xdx = ex f (x) + C
= # dx
21 - (x + 4) 2
# ex (tan x sec x + sec x) dx = ex f (x) + C
= # dx
# ex (sec x + sec x tan x) dx
= ex f (x) + C ( 21) 2 - (x + 4) 2
It may be easily seen that f (x) = sec x and Using the fact # 2dx 2 = 1 log a + x + C we
f l (x) = sec x tan x . Thus we may use a -x 2a a-x
have
# ex [f (x) + f l (x)] dx = ex f' (x) + C
I = 1 log 21 + x + 4 + C
and given integral reduce to 2 21 21 - x - 4
ex $ sec x + C = ex f (x) + C 27. If av and bv are perpendicular vectors, av + bv = 13
Comparing both sides, we get and av = 5 , then find the value of bv .
f (x) = sec x Sol :
We have av + bv = 13
av = 5
25. If P ^not Ah = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7 and P ^B/Ah = 0.5 ,
Now,
then find P Â/B h .
(av + bv) $ (av + bv) = av $ av + av $ bv + bv $ av + bv $ bv
Sol :
2 2 2
av + bv = av + 0 + 0 + bv
We have P Â'h = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7
2
(13) 2 = (5) 2 + bv
and P b B l = 0.5
A 2
Now P Âh = 1 - P Â'h 169 = 25 + bv
2
= 1 - 0.7 = 03 169 - 25 = bv
P Â k B h 2
144 = bv & bv = 12
Now, Pb B l =
A P Âh as length is always positive.
P Â k B h
0.5 = 28. The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 8
0.3
cm3/s. How fast is the surface area increasing when
P Â k B h = 0.15
the length of its edge is 12 cm?
P Â k B h 0.15
Pb A l = = or
B P ^B h 0.7
The side of an equilateral triangle is increasing at the
Thus Pb A l = 3 rate of 2 cm/s. At what rate is its area increasing,
B 14 when the side of the triangle is 20 cm?
Sol :
30. Write the value of sin ; p - sin-1 b- 1 lE .
3 2
Let x be the length of an edge of the cube, V be
the volume and S be the surface area at any time t . Sol :
Then, V = x3 and S = 6x2 .
It is given that, sin ; p - sin-1 b- 1 lE = sin ; p + sin-1 b 1 lE
3 2 3 2
We have dV = 8 cm3 /sec = sin 9 + sin a sin p kC

p -1
dt 3 6
d (x3) = 8 = sin 9 p + p C
or 3 6
dt
= sin p = 1
3x2 dx = 8 2
dt
dy cos2 (a + y)
dx = 8 31. If y = x cos (a + y), then show that =
dx cos a
dt 3x2 dy
Also, show that = cos a , when x = 0 .
Now, S = 6x2 dx
or
dS = 12 dx
d2 y
dt dt If x = a sec3 q and y = a tan3 q , find at q = p .
dx2 3
= 12x # 8 2
3x Sol :
dS = 32
dt x We have sin y = x cos (a + y) ...(1)
dS 32 = 8 cm2 /sec
b dt l =
12 3 x =
sin y
x = 12
cos (a + y)
or
Let a be the side of an equilateral triangle and A be
the area of an equilateral triangle. cos (a + y) d (sin y) - sin y d cos (a + y)
dx = dy dy
We have da = 2 cm/s dy cos2 (a + y)
dt
Area of an equilateral triangle, cos (a + y) cos y + sin y sin (a + y)
=
cos2 (a + y)
A = 3 a2
4 cos (a + y - y)
=
cos2 (a + y)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t , we get
= cos a
dA = 3 2a da cos2 (a + y)
dt 4 # # dt
dy cos2 (a + y)
= 3 # 2 # 20 # 2 [given, a = 20 ] =
4 dx cos a
= 20 3 cm2/s Substituting x = 0 in Eq. (1), we get y = 0
Thus, the rate of area increasing is 20 3 cm2/s. dy cos2 (a + 0)
Now, =
dx cos a
R5 6 - 3VW 2
S = cos a
29. If A = S- 4 3 2 W , then write the cofactor of the cos a
SS- 4 - 7 3 WW dy
or = cos a Hence proved.
T
element a21
X
of its 2nd row. dx
or
Sol :
We have y = a tan3 q and x = a sec3 q
R 5 6 - 2V
S W Differentiating w.r.t. q , we get
We have A = S- 4 3 3 W
dy
SS- 4 - 7 3 WW = 3a tan2 q d (tan q) = 3a tan2 q sec2 q
dq dq
T X
6 -3 dx = 3a sec2 q d (sec q)
Cofactor of a21 A21 = (- 1) and
-7 3 dq dq
= 3a sec2 q sec q tan q
=- (18 - 21) = 3
dy dy/dq 9p p
Noe = + = 10
dx dx/dq 7 7
2
q sec2 q 10p
= 3a tan 2 7
= 10 & p = 7
3a sec q sec q tan q
which is the required value of p .
= tan q
sec q Also, we know that, the equation of a line which
dy passes through the point (x1, y1, z1) with direction
= sin q
dx ratios a , b , c is given by
Again differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
d dy = d (sin q) a b c
dx b dx l dx Since, required line is parallel to line l1 .
= d (sin q) dq
dq dx So, a = - 3 , b = 7 = 1 and c = 2
1 7
= cos q Now, equation of line passing through the point
3a sec3 q tan q
5 (3, 2, - 4) and having direction ratios (- 3, 1, 2) is
= cos q
3a sin q x-3 = y-2 = z+4
At q = p, -3 1 2
3 3-x = y-2 = z+4
2
dy cos5 p3 3 1 2
=
dx2 3a sin p3
dy y2
^2h 33. Show that the differential equation = is
1 5
= = 1#2 = 1
homogeneous and also solve it.
dx xy - x2
3a ` 23 j 25 # 3a 3 48 3 a
Sol :
dy y2
Section - D We have
dx
=
xy - x2
...(1)
This section comprises of long answer- y2

Let F (x, y) =
xy - x2
Now, replacing x by lx and y by ly , we get
32. Find the values of p , so that the lines l2 y2
F (lx, ly) =
l (xy - x2)
2
7y - 14 z - 3
l1 | 1 - x = = and y2
3 p 2 = l0 = l0 F (x, y)
y-5 6-z xy - x2
l 2 | 7 - 7x = = which is a homogeneous differential equation as
3p 1 5
are perpendicular to each other. Also, find the dy y
= Fa k
equation of a line passing through a point (3, 2, - 4) dx x
and parallel to line l1 . dy
dx dx
Sol : have
Writing the given line in standard form as From Eq. (1), we get
2 2 2
x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 = r (let) ...(1) v + x dv = v2 x 2 = v
-3 p
2 1 dx vx - x v-1
7
x - 1 = y - 5 = z - 6 = r (let) 2 2 2
and -3p 1 -5 2 ...(2) x dv = v - v = v - v + v
7 dx v-1 v-1
Two lines with DR’s a1 , b , c1 and a2 , b2 , c2 are x dv = v
dx v-1
perpendicular if
v - 1 dv = dx
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0 v x
Integrating both sides, we get
Thus line (1) and (2) will intersect at right angle, if
- 3b
- 3p p # b1 - v1 l dv = # dx
7 l 7
+ (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0 x
v - log v = log x + C
y y Here we have used the fact log m - log n = log ^ mn h

- log = log x + C
x x and n log m = log mn
y or
- log y + log x = log x + C
x
y We have I = # 2 cos x dx
- log y = C (1 - sin x) (1 + sin2 x)
x
which is the required solution. Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt we have
2 cos x I = # 2 dt
34. Find # dx . (1 - t) (1 + t2)
(1 - sin x) (2 - cos2 x)
or Now, let 2 = A + Bt + C
(1 - t) (1 + t2) 1-t 1 + t2
Find # 2 cos x dx .
(1 - sin x) (1 + sin2 x) 2 = A (1 + t2) + (Bt + C) (1 - t) ...(1)
Sol : Substituting t = 1 in eq. (1), we get
We have I = # 2 cos x dx 2 = A (1 + 1) + 0 & A = 1 ...(2)

(1 - sin x) (2 - cos2 x) Substituting t = 0 in eq. (2), we get
= # 2 cos x dx
(1 - sin x) (1 + sin2 x) 2 = A+C & 2 = 1+C & C = 1
Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt we have Substituting t =- 1 in eq. (1), we get

2 = 2A + (- B + C) (2)
I = # 2 dt
(1 - t) (1 + t2) 2 = 2 - 2B + 2
Now, let
2B = 2 & B = 1
2 = A + Bt + C
(1 - t) (1 + t2) 1-t 1 + t2 Thus 2 = 1 + t + 12
2 (1 - t) (1 + t2) 1-t 1+t
2 = A (1 + t ) + (Bt + C) (1 - t) ...(1)
Substituting t = 1 in eq. (1), we get Now I =1# 1 dt + t + 1 dt
#
1-t 1 + t2
2 = A (1 + 1) + 0 & A = 1 ...(2)
= # 1 dt + 1 # 2t dt + # 1 dt
Substituting t = 0 in eq. (2), we get 1-t 2 1 + t2 1 + t2
2 = A+C & 2 = 1+C & C = 1 =- log 1 - t + 1 log 1 + t2 + tan-1 t + C
2
Substituting t =- 1 in eq. (1), we get
=- log 1 - sin x + 1 log 1 + sin2 x
2 = 2A + (- B + C) (2) 2
+ tan-1 (sin x) + C
2 = 2 - 2B + 2
1 + sin2 x + C
= tan-1 (sin x) + log
2B = 2 & B = 1 1 - sin x
Here we have used the fact log m - log n = log ^ mn h
Thus 2 = 1 + t + 12
(1 - t) (1 + t2) 1-t 1+t and n log m = log mn
Now
I =1# 1 dt + t + 1 dt
#
1-t 1 + t2
= # 1 dt + 1 # 2t 2 dt + # 1 2 dt
1-t 2 1+t 1+t
=- log 1 - t + 1 log 1 + t2 + tan-1 t + C
2
=- log 1 - sin x + 1 log 1 + sin2 x
2
+ tan-1 (sin x) + C
= tan-1 (sin x) + log 1 + sin2 x + C

1 - sin x
35. A manufacturer has three machine operators A, = 0.5 # 0.01

B and C . The first operator A produces 1% of 0.5 # 0.01 + 0.3 # 0.05 + 0.2 # 0.07
defective items, whereas the other two operators 0.005
=
B and C produces 5% and 7% defective items 0.005 + 0.015 + 0.014
respectively. A is on the job for 50% of the time,
B on the job 30% of the time and C on the job = 0.005 = 5
0.034 34
for 20% of the time. All the items are put into one Therefore required probability is 5
.
34
stockpile and then one items is chosen at random
from this and is found to be defective. What is the or
probability that it was produced by A? Let us define the events as
or E1 : Event that insured person is a scooter driver
An insurance company insured 2000 scooter driver, E2 : Event that insured person is a car driver
4000 car drivers and 6000 truck drivers. The E3 : Event that insured person is a truck driver
probabilities of an accident for them are 0.01, 0.03 A : Event that insured person meets with an accident
and 0.15 respectively. One of the insured persons
meets with an accident. What is the probability Now n Ê1h = 2000 , n Ê2h = 4000
that he is a scooter driver or a car driver? and n Ê3h = 6000
Sol : Here, total insured person, n ^S h = 12000
Let the following event be: Probability that the insured person is a scooter
driver
A |Event that item produced by operator A
n Ê1h
B |Event that item produced by operator B P Ê1h = = 2000 = 1
n ^S h 12000 6
C |Event that item produced by operator C Probability that the insured person is a car driver,
n Ê2h
D |Event that item produced is defective P Ê2h = = 4000 = 1
n ^S h 12000 3
Probability of item is produced by operator A,
Probability that the insured person is a truck driver,
P Âh = 50% = 50 = 0.5 n Ê3h
100
P Ê3h = = 6000 = 1
Probability of item is produced by operator B , n ^S h 12000 2
Probability that scooter driver meets with an
P ^B h = 30% = 30 = 0.3 accident
100
Probability of item is produced by operator C , A
P c E m = 0.01
1
P ^C h = 20% = 20 = 0.2 Probability that car driver meets with an accident
100
A
Probability of defective item produced by operator P c E m = 0.03
2
A,
Probability that truck driver meets with an accident
D
P b A l = 1% = 1 = 0.01 A
100 P c E m = 0.15
3
Probability of defective item produced by operator The probability that the person met with an
B, accident was a scooter driver.
D
P b B l = 5% = 5 = 0.05 A
P Ê1h $ P c E m
100 E1
Pb A l =
1
Probability of defective item produced by operator C , A A A
P Ê1h $ P c E m + P Ê2h $ P c E m + P Ê3h $ c E m
1 2 3
D
P b C l = 7% = 7 = 0.07 0.01 # 16
100 =
Probability that item is produced by operator A if 0.01 # 16 + 0.03 # 13 + 0.15 # 12
1
it is defective, i.e. 1
= 6
= = 1
1
+ 1 + 152 1 + 6 + 45 52
D 6
A P Âh $ P b A l
Pb D l = D D D
The probability that the person met with an
P Âh $ P b A l + P ^B h $ b B l + P ^C h $ b C l accident was a car driver, P Ê2 /Ah
A Sol :
E2 P Ê2h $ P c E m
Pb A l =
2
A A A We have x = 75 - 3p
P Ê1h $ P c E m + P Ê2h $ P c E m + P Ê3h $ c E m
1 2 3 Rearranging the above equation we get
1
0.03 # 1
= 3
p = 25 - 3 x
0.01 # 16 + 0.03 # + 0.15 # 12
1
3
Revenue function,
= 1 1 15 = 6 = 6
6 +1+ 2
1 + 6 + 45 52 R (x) = px
Hence, the required probability is P Ê1 j E2 /Ah 1
= a25 - 3 x k x = 25x - 1 x2
E1 E2 3
P b E1 j E2 l = P b A l + P b A l x2
A Cost function, C (x) = 25 + 3x + 100
= 1 + 6 = 7
52 52 52 Profit function, P (x) = R (x) - C (x)
= 25x - 1 x2 - x - 3x - 100
2
3 25
Section - E Differentiating wrt x we have
dP (x)
Case study based questions are compulsory. = 25 - 2 x - 2 x - 3
dx 3 25
= 22 - 56
36. The Indian toy industry is estimated to be worth 75 x
US$1.5 billion, making up 0.5% of the global market
dP (x)
share. The toy manufacturers in India can mostly For maximum profit, dx = 0 , thus
be found in NCR, Mumbai, Karnataka, Tamil
56
Nadu, and several smaller towns and cities across 22 - 75 x = 0 & x = 29.46 - 30 sets
central states such as Chhattisgarh and Madhya
Pradesh. The sector is fragmented with 90% of the d 2 P =- 56
market being unorganised. The toys industry has
Now,
dx2 75 < 0
been predicted to grow to US$2-3 billion by 2024. which is negative for all value of x
The Indian toy industry only represents 0.5% of Thus x = 30 gives the maximum profit..
the global industry size indicating a large potential 1
growth opportunity for Indian consumer product At x = 30 , P (30) = 25 - 3 x
companies who will develop exciting innovations = 25 - 10 =< 15 per toy.
to deliver international quality standards at
competitive prices. 37. A manufacturing company has two service
departments, S1 , S2 and four production departments
P1, P2, P3 and P4 .
Overhead is allocated to the production departments
for inclusion in the stock valuation. The analysis
of benefits received by each department during the
last quarter and the overhead expense incurred by
each department were:
Service Percentages to be allocated to

Department departments
S1 S2 P1 P2 P3 P4
Fisher Price is a leading toy manufacturer in India. S1 0 20 30 25 15 10
Fisher Price produces x set per week at a total cost
S2 30 0 10 35 20 5
of 251 x2 + 3x + 100 . The produced quantity for his
market is x = 75 - 3p where p is the price set. Direct overhead 20 40 25 30 20 10
(i) Show that the maximum profit is obtained expense ` '000
when about 30 toys are produced per week.
(ii) What is the price at maximum profit?
1 0.3 20000 34043

= 1 > H> H => H
0.94 0.2 1 40000 46809
S1 = ` 34043 and S2 = ` 46809
The allocation of overhead from S1 and S2 to the
production department becomes:
[P1 P2 P3 P4] = [34043] [0.3 0.25 0.15 0.1]
= [10213 8511 5106 3404]
and [P1 P2 P3 P4] = [46809] [0.1 0.35 0.2 0.05]
= [4681 16383 9362 2340]
The final allocation becomes :
You are required to find out following using matrix Department Total P1 P2 P3 P4
method. S1 27234 10213 8511 5106 3404
(i) Express the total overhead of the service
S2 32766 4681 16383 9362 2340
departments in the form of simultaneous
equations. Total 60000 14894 24894 14468 5744
(ii) Express these equations in a matrix form and
solve for total overhead of service departments 38. A craftswoman produces two products: floor lamps
using matrix inverse method. and table lamps. Production of one floor lamp
(iii) Determine the total overhead to be allocated requires 75 minutes of her labor and materials that
from each of S1 and S2 to the production cost $25. Production of one table lamp requires 50
department. minutes of labor, and the materials cost $20. The
craftswoman wishes to work no more than 40 hours
Sol : each week, and her financial resources allow her to
Let S1 be total overhead of service department and pay no more than $900 for materials each week.
S2 be total overhead of service department.
Then, S1 = 20000 + 0.3S2
and S2 = 40000 + 0.2S1
The total overhead of the service departments can
be expressed in the form of simultaneous equations
as:
S1 - 0.3S2 = 20000
- 0.2S1 + S2 = 40000
The above simultaneous equations can be expressed
in the matrix form as:
1 - 0.3 S1 20000
> H> H = > H,
- 0.2 1 S2 40000
or AS = B
Here A = 1 - 0.06 = 0.94

Since A ! 0 thus A-1 exists, so that the unique (i) If she can sell as many lamps as she can make
solution of AX = B is X = A-1 B . and if her profit is $39 per floor lamp and $33
1 0.3 per table lamp, how many floor lamps and how
adj.A
Here, A-1 = = 1 > H many table lamps should she make each week to
A 0.94 0.2 1
maximize her weekly profit?
S1
> H = S = A-1 B (ii) What is that maximum profit?
S2
Sol : Since the feasible region is a bounded region, we can

Let the craftswoman produces x units of floor check the profit function at all the vertices to find
lamps and y units of table lamps. Clearly x $ 0 the maxima. The values of P at corner points are
and y $ 0 . Each unit of floor lamp is sold at profit given below.
of $39 and table lamp at a profit of $33. Thus
Corner points P = 39x + 33y
Profit function P = 39x + 33y
O ^0, 0h P = 39 # 0 + 33 # 0 = 0
Each unit of floor lamp requires 75 minutes of
labour time and material of cost $25 and each unit A ^32, 0h P = 39 # 32 + 33 # 0 = 1248
of table lamp requires 50 minutes of labour time B ^12, 30h P = 39 # 12 + 33 # 30 = 1458
and material of cost $20 we tabulate the given data
C ^0, 45h P = 39 # 0 + 33 # 45 = 1485
as given below
The maximum value of P is 1485 at C ^0, 45h . Hence
Floor lamp Table lamp Availability the manufacturer should produce 0 units of floor
L a b o u r 75 minutes 50 minutes 75x + 50y # 2400 lamps and 45 units of table lamp to get a maximum
time profit of $1485.
Material 25 20 25x + 20y # 900
cost
Now, the given LPP reduced to

Maximize P = 39x + 33y
Subject to the constraints,
75x + 50y # 2400
or 3x + 2y # 96 ...(i)
25x + 20y # 900
or 5x + 4y # 180 ...(ii)
and x $0
y $0
(i) Region corresponding to 3x + 2y # 96 :
Line 3x + 2y # 96
x 0 32 Point (0, 0) is true for ***********
y 48 0 3x + 2y # 96 . So, the
region is towards the origin.
(ii) Region corresponding to 5x + 4y # 180 :
Line 5x + 4y # 180
x 0 36 Point (0, 0) is true for
y 45 0 5x + 4y # 180 . So, the region
is towards the origin.
first quadrant.
Now, we draw all line on the graph and find the
common area. Clearly feasible region is OABC .
Solving equation 3x + 2y = 96 and 5x + 4y = 180
we get B ^12, 30h . The coordinates of the corner
points of the region are O ^0, 0h , A ^32, 0h , B ^12, 30h ,
C ^0, 45h .

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
2. The foot of the perpendicular from (0, 2, 3) to the

Section - A line x + 3 =
5
y = 1 z+4
2
=
3
is
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. (a) (- 2, 3, 4) (b) (2, - 1, 3)
1. The point of intersection of the lines rv # av = bv # av (c) (2, 3, - 1) (d) (3, 2, - 1)
and rv # bv = av # bv is Sol :
(a) av (b) bv
Let N be the foot of the perpendicular from the
(c) av + bv (d) av - bv point (0, 2, 3) on the given line
Sol : x+3 = y-1 = z+4
5 2 3
Now, rv # av = bv # av
= l (say) ...(1)
(rv - bv) # av = 0 Any point on the line is P (5l - 3, 2l + 1, 3l - 4).
Hence, rv - bv = tav If this point is N , then direction ratios of NP are
< 5l - 3 - 0, 2l + 1 - 2, 3l - 4 - 3 >
and rv # bv = av # bv i.e. < 5l - 3, 2l - 1, 3l - 7 >
(bv + tav) # bv = av # bv Since, PN is perpendicular to line (1).
Hence, 5 (5l - 3) + 2 (2l - 1) + 3 (3l - 7) = 0
bv # bv + tav = av # bv
38l - 38 = 0
tav # bv = av # bv
l =1
t =1
Hence, required point is (2, 3, - 1).
Hence, rv = av + bv Thus (c) is correct option.
3. Which of the following function is decreasing on
(0, p/2)?
(c) tan x (d) cos 2x
Sol : = BA - AB
We have f (x) = cos 2x = - (AB - BA)
Hence, AB - BA is a skew-symmetric matrix.
f l (x) =- 2 sin 2x 1 0 in a0, p k
2 Thus (b) is correct option.
So, cos 2x is decreasing in a 0, p k .
2
Thus (d) is correct option. 7. If y = tan-1 1 - sin x , then the value of dy at
1 + sin x dx
4. 2 sin-1 x = sin-1 ^2x 1 - x2 h holds good for all
x = p is
(a) x # 1 (b) 1 $ x $ 0 6
(c) x # 1 (d) none of these (a) - 1 (b) 1

2 2 2
(c) 1 (d) - 1
Sol :
Sol :
Since, 2 sin-1 x = sin-1 ^2x 1 - x2 h
We have y = tan-1 1 - sin x
Range of right hand side is 9- p , p C 1 + sin x
2 2
1 - cos ^ p2 - x h
- p # 2 sin-1 x # p = tan-1
1 + cos ^ p2 - x h
2 2
p -1
- # sin x # p = tan-1 tan a p - x k = p - x
4 4 4 2 4 2
dy
=- 1
x e ;- 1 , 1 E dx 2
2 2 Thus (a) is correct option.
5. If f bx + 1 l = x2 + 12 , x ! 0 , then f ^x h is equal to dy
+ sin
x+y
= sin
x-y
is
x x dx 2 2
(a) x2 - 2 (b) x + 2 y
(a) log tan a k = c - 2 sin x
2
(c) x + 2 (d) 2x2 - 5 2
y
Sol : (b) log tan a k = c - 2 sin x
4 2
Given equation can be rewritten as y
(c) log tan a + p k = c - 2 sin x
2 4
f bx + 1 l = bx + 1 l - 2
2
x x y
(d) log tan a + p k = c - 2 sin a x k
4 4 2
f ^x h = x2 - 2
Sol :
dy x-y x+y
- sin b
2 l
= sin a
6. If A and B are two symmetric matrices of same dx 2 k
order. Then, the matrix AB - BA is equal to
y
(a) a symmetric matrix =- 2 cos x sin
2 2
(b) a skew-symmetric matrix
(c) a null matrix # 1 cosec y dy =- # cos x dx
2 2 2
(d) the identity matrix x
y sin
log tan = - 2 xc
Sol : 4 1
2
We have A = A' , B = B'
y
log tan a k = c - 2 sin x
Now, (AB - BA) ' = (AB) ' - (BA) ' 4 2
= B'A' - A'B'
9. The degree of the differential equation satisfying 1 dx =- 1 dt

1 - x2 + 1 - y2 = a (x - y) ex e
I =- 1 # 1 dt = - 1 [log t] 12 + e
2
(a) 1 (b) 2
e 1+e t e
(c) 3 (d) 4 - 1
= [log 2 - log (1 + e)]
e
Sol :
= - 1 log b 2 l
e 1+e
Putting x = sin A +e
= log a
2 k
1 1
e
y = sin B
we get cos A + cos B = a (sin A - sin B)
12. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} are
2a cos b A + B l sin b A - B l two sets and function f : A " B is defined by
2 2
f (x) = x + 2 , 6x d A , then the function f is
= 2 cos b A + B l cos b A - B l (a) bijective (b) onto
2 2
(c) one-one (d) many-one
sin-1 x - sin-1 y = 2 cot-1 a = cons tan t
Sol :
1 1 dy = 0 f (1) = 3
-
1 - x2 1 - y dx
f (2) = 4
dy 1 - y2
= f (3) = 5
dx 1 - x2
Hence, it is of degree 1. f (4) = 6
Thus (a) is correct option. 1 d B , 2 d B do not have any pre-image in A.
f is one-one and into.
10. Let f ^x h = tan x - 4x, then in the interval 9- p , p C , Thus (c) is correct option.
3 3
f ^x h is
(a) a decreasing function 3 4
13. If A = > H , then A $ (adj A) is equal to
(b) an increasing function 5 7
(c) a constant function (a) A (b) A
(d) none of these (c) A $ I (d) None of these
Sol : Sol :
3 4
f l^x h = sec2 x - 4 # 0 in 9- p , p C We have A => H
3 3 5 7
Hence, f ^x h is a decreasing function. Then, A = 2I - 20 = 1
3 4 7 -4
A (adj A) = > H>
1 dx is 5 7 -5 3 H
11. The value of #0 ex + e
1 0 1 0
=> H = 1 $ >0 1 H
(a) 1 log b 1 + e l (b) log b 1 + e l 0 1
e 2 2
= A $I
(c) 1 log (1 + e) (d) log b 2 l
e 1+e Thus (c) is correct option.
Sol :
14. The area of enclosed by y = 3x - 5 , y = 0 , x = 3
We have I = #0
1 dx = #0
1 dx and x = 5 is
ex + e e a1 + ex k
x
(a) 12 sq units (b) 13 sq units
e
1
Substituting 1 + ex = t & 0 - ex dx = dt we obtain (c) 13 sq units
2
(d) 14 sq units
e e
Sol : 17. If A and B are two independent events such that

The region is bounded by the curves y = 3x - 5 , P (A) = 12 and P (B) = 13 , then P (neither A nor B )
y = 0 , x = 3 and x = 5 . is equal to
5 (a) 2 (b) 1
3 6
Required area, A = # (3x - 5) dx
(c) 5 (d) 1
3
2 5 6 3
= : 3x - 5x D
2 3 Sol :
= b - 25 l - b 27 - 15 l
75
Since, A and B are independent events.
2 2
P Â k B h = P Âh $ P ^B h
= 75 - 25 - 27 + 15
2 2
48 = 1 #1 = 1
= - 10 = 14 sq units 2 3 6
2
Now, P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h
=1+1-1 =2
dy y 2 3 6 3
15. Solution of the equation x = y + x tan is
dx x P Â k B h = 1 - P Â j B h
x y
(a) sin = cx (b) sin = cx = 1-2 = 1
y x 3 3
y
(c) sin x = cy (d) sin = cy Thus (d) is correct option.
y x
Sol : 18. Objective function of a linear programming problem
is
Substituting y = vx we have
(a) a constraint
dy
= x dv + v (b) a function to be optimized
dx dx
dv (c) a relation between the variables
v+x = v + tan v
dx (d) none of the above
cot v dv = dx
x Sol :
log sin v = log cx Objective function of linear programming problem
y is a function to be optimized.
= cx sin Thus (b) is correct option.
x
19. Assertion: The pair of lines given by
" "
y + ey+... dy r = it - tj + l (2it + k) and r = 2it - k + m (it + tj - kt)
dx intersect.
(a) 1 (b) 1 - x Reason: Two lines intersect each other, if they are
x x
not parallel and shortest distance = 0 .
(c) x (d) None of these
1+x (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
Sol : correct explanation for Assertion.
y + ey+...
We have x = ey + e a correct explanation for Assertion.
x = ey + x (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
Taking log both sides, we get (d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
log x = (x + y) log e Sol :
1 = dy + 1 & dy = 1 - x Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a correct

x dx dx x explanation for Assertion.
Thus (b) is correct option. " "
Here, a1 = it - tj , b1 = 2it + kt
"
a2 = 2it - kt,bt2 = it + tj - kt Section - B
" "
b ! lb2 , for any scalar l
1 This section comprises of very short answer
Given lines are not parallel. type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each.
" "
a2 - a1 (2it - kt) - (it - tj ) = it + tj - kt 21. The x -coordinate of point on the line joining the
points P (2, 2, 1) and Q (5, 1, - 2) is 4. Find its z
it tj kt -coordinate.
" "
b #b = 2
1 2 0 1 =- it + 3tj + 2kt
1 1 -1 Sol :
" "
b1 # b2 = (- 1) 2 + (3) 2 + (2) 2 = 1 + 9 + 4 The equation of the line joining the points P (2, 2, 1)
and Q (5, 1, - 2) is
= 14
x-2 = y-2 = z-1
` 1 5-2 1 - 2 -2 - 1
2j
" " " "
(a - a ) $ b # b
2 1
SD = x-2 = y-2 = z-1
` 1 2j
" "
b #b 3 -1 -3
(it + tj - kt) $ (- it + 3tj + 2kt) Since at a point, x -coordinate is 4, we have
=
14 4 - 2 = z - 1 & z =- 1
3 -3
= -1 + 3 - 2 = 0
14
22. Let R is the equivalence relation in the set
Thus assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides
(a - b)} . Write the equivalence class [0].
Sol :
We have R = {(a, b): 2 divides (a - b)}

and A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
2p
20. Assertion: # sin3 x dx = 0 Clearly, [0] = {b d A :(0, b) d R}
0
= {b d A : 2 divides (0 - b)}
Reason: sin3 x is an odd function
(a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a = {b d A: 2 divides (- b)}
= {0, 2, 4}
a correct explanation for Assertion. 2x -2x
(c) Assertion is true; Reason is false. 23. Evaluate # e2x - e-2x dx .
e +e
or
Sol : Evaluate # cos x dx .
x
2p 2p
Sol :
I = # sin3 x dx = # (1 - cos2 x) sin x dx
2x -2x
# e2x - e-2x dx
0 0
We have I =
Substituting cos x = t we have e +e
2x -2x
sin x dx =- dt Substituting e + e = t we have
2x -2x d (eax ) = aeax
1 (2e - e ) dx = dt dx
Then I = # (1 - t ) (- dt) = 0
2
1 (e2x - e-2x ) dx = dt
2
Thus assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
I = # e2x - e-2x dx = 1 # dt = 1 log t + C
a correct explanation for Assertion. 2 t 2
e2x + e-2x
2x -2x
= # e2x - e-2x dx = 12 # dtt = 1 log t + C
2
av + bv = 6it + kt = 6it + kt
e +e av + bv 62 + 12 36 + 1
2x -2x
# e2x - e-2x dx = 12 # dtt = 1 log t + C
t t 6 it + kt
=
2 = 6i + k =
e +e 37 37 37
Substituting t = e2x + e-2x we have
25. If P Âh = 1 , P ^B h = 5 and P b B l = 1 , then find
I = 1 log e2x + e-2x + C 12 12 A 15
2
P Â j B h
or
Sol :
We have I = # cos x dx
x P Â k B h
We have Pb B l =
A P Âh
Substituting x =t
1 dx = dt 1 = P Â k B h
15 1
2 x 12
1
PÂ k B h = 180
1 dx = 2dt
x Also, P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h
I = # cos x dx = 2 # cos t dt P Â j B h = 1 + 5 - 1 = 89
x 12 12 180 180
= # cos x dx = 2 # cos t dt
x
= 2 sin t + C = 2 sin x + C Section - C
Substituting t = x we have
I = 2 sin t + C = 2 sin x + C type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
24. Write the direction ratios of the vector 3av + 2bv , d2 y dy 2
26. If ey (x + 1) = 1, then show that 2 = b dx l .
where av = it + tj - 2kt and bv = 2it - 4tj + 5kt. dx
or Sol :
Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of We have ey (x + 1) = 1
vectors 2it + 3tj - kt and 4it - 3tj + 2kt.
Sol :
log [ey (x + 1)] = log 1
The given vector 3av + 2bv can be given as
log ey + log (x + 1) = 0
3av + 2bv = 3 (it + tj - 2kt) + 2 (2it - 4tj + 5kt)
y + log (x + 1) = 0 [a log ey = y]
= (3it + 3tj - 6kt) + (4it - 8tj + 10kt) Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
= 7it - 5tj + 4kt dy
+ 1 =0 ...(1)
Hence, direction ratios of vectors 3av + 2bv are 7, - 4 dx x + 1
and 4. Again, differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
or d2 y 1
- =0
dx2 (x + 1) 2
We have av = 2it + 3tj - kt and
d2 y dy 2
2 - b- dx l = 0 from Eq. (1)
bv = 4it - 3tj + 2kt dx
Sum of two vectors, d2 y dy 2
2 - b dx l = 0
av + bv = (2it + 2tj - kt) + (4it - 3tj + 2kt) dx
d2 y dy 2
= 6it + kt 2 = b dx l Hence proved.
dx
Required unit vector
27. If av = it - tj + 7kt and bv = 5it - tj + lkt, then find the = p [tan -1 t] 1-1
value of l , so that av + bv and av - bv are perpendicular
= p [tan-1 1 - tan-1 (- 1)]
vectors.
= p 9 p - a- p kC
Sol : 4 4
= p 2
We have av = it - tj + 7kt 2
p 2
and bv = 5it - tj + lkt I = 4
Then, av + bv = (it - tj + 7kt) + (5it - tj + lkt) or
We have I = #0
p x tan x dx ..(1)
= 6it - 2tj + (7 + l) kt sec x + tan x
a a
and av - bv = (it - tj + 7kt) - (5it - tj + lkt) Using the fact #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx we have
=- 4it + (7 - l) kt p (p - x) tan (p - x)
I = #0 sec (p - x) + tan (p - x)
Since, (av + bv) and (av - bv) are perpendicular vectors,
we have (p - x) tan x p
sec x + tan x
dx= #0 ...(2)
(av + bv) $ (av - bv) = 0 Adding eqs. (1) and (2), we get
[6it - 2jt + (7 + l) kt] $ [- 4it + (7 - l) kt] = 0 2I = #0p tan x dx
p
sec x + tan x
- 24 + (7 + l) (7 - l) = 0 tan x (sec x - tan x)
I =p#
p
dx
49 - l2 = 24 2 0 (sec x + tan x) (sec x - tan x)
(tan x sec x - tan2 x) dx
=p
p
l2 = 25 2
#0
(sec2 x - tan2 x)
l =! 5 2
= p # tan x sec x - sec x + 1 dx tan2 x = sec2 x - 1
p
20 1
#0
p x sin x dx .
28. Evaluate
1 + cos2 x = p [sec x - tan x + x] p0
2
or p
= [(sec p - tan p + p) - (sec 0 - tan 0 + 0)]
p x tan x dx . 2
Evaluate #0 sec x + tan x p
= [sec p - sec 0 - tan p + tan 0 + p - 0]
Sol : 2
p
= [- 1 - 1 - 0 + 0 + p - 0]
p x sin x dx 2
We have I = #0 ...(i)
1 + cos2 x = p [p - 2]
2
(p - x) sin (p - x)
p
= #0 dx
1 + cos2 (p - x) 3x 5 6 -2
29. If = , then write the value of x .
p (p - x) sin x 8 x 7 3
= # dx ...(ii)
0 1 + cos2 x
Sol :
Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
p p sin x dx 2x 5 6 -2
2I = #0 We have =
(1 + cos2 x) 8 x 7 3
Substituting cos x = t
2x2 - 40 = 18 - (- 14)
- sin x dx = dt
2x2 - 40 = 32
sin x dx =- dt
2x2 = 72
when x = 0 , then t = 1 and x = p , then t =- 1
x2 = 36
Thus 2I =- p # dt , -1
1 1 + t2 x =! 6
=p#
1 dt
-1 (1 + t 2)
30. Write the value of cos-1 b 1 l - 2 sin-1 b- 1 l . 6x3 - 12x2 - 90x = 0

2 2
Sol : 6x (x2 - 2x - 15) = 0
6x (x + 3) (x - 5) = 0
cos-1 b 1 l - 2 sin-1 b - 1 l = cos-1 b 12 l + 2 sin-1 b 12 l
2 2
x = 0, - 3, 5
= p + 2 sin-1 a sin p k
3 6 Now, we find intervals in which f (x) is strictly
= p+2#p increasing or strictly decreasing.
3 6
= + = 2p
p p Interval f l (x) = 6 (x + 3) x (x - 5) Sing of f' (x)
3 3 3
x 1- 3 (-) (-) (-) - ve
31. The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate
of 3 cubic centimeter per second. Find the rate of - 3 1 x 1 0 (+) (-) (-) + ve
increase of its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm. 01x15 (+) (+) (-) - ve
or x25 (+) (+) (+) + ve
Find the intervals in which the function
A function f (x) is said to be strictly increasing, if
f (x) = 3 x 4 - 4x3 - 45x2 + 51 is f' (x) 2 0 and it is said to be strictly decreasing, if
2
(i) strictly increasing f' (x) 1 0 . So, the given function f (x) is
(i) Strictly increasing in (- 3, 0) and (5, 3).
(ii) strictly decreasing.
(ii) Strictly decreasing in (- 3, - 3) and (0, 5).
Sol :
Let r be the radius, V be the volume and S be the
surface area of sphere.
We have dV = 3 cm3 /s Section - D

dt
Now V = 4 pr 3
3 type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
dV = 4 p $ 3r2 $ dr
dt 3 dt 32. Evaluate #0
p x dx .
dr a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x
3 = 4p # r 2 Sol :
dt
dr = 3 cm/s ...(1)
dt We have I = #0
p x dx ...(i)
4p r 2
a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x
Now, S = 4p r 2
a a
dS = d (4pr2)
Using the fact #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx we have
dt dt p (p - x)
= 4p # 2r $ dr
I = #0 dx
dt a cos (p - x) + b2 sin2 (p - x)
2 2
= 8p r # 3 Using eq. (1) (p - x) p

4p r 2 = #0 dx ...(ii)
a cos2 x + b2 sin2 x 2
= 6
r Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
dS (x + p - x)
b dt l = 6 = 2 cm2 /s
p
2 2I = #0 dx
r=2 a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x
or p dx
=p#
0 a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x
We have f (x) = 3 x 4 - 4x3 - 45x2 + 51
2 Here, a2 cos2 (p - x) + b2 sin2 (p - x) = a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get Using the fact
3 2
f l (x) = 6x - 12x - 90x 2a a
#0 f (x) dx = 2 # f (x) dx ,
0
For strictly increasing or strictly decreasing, put
f l (x) = 0 , we get if f (2a - x) = f (x)
We have 2I = 2p #
p dx x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
0 a2 cos2 x + b2 sin2 x a b c
p sec2 x Since, required line is parallel to line l1 .
= 2p # dx
a2 + b2 tan2 x
a =- 3 , b = 7 = 1 and c = 2
0
So,
Substituting tan x = t & sec x dx = dt 2 7
Now, equation of line passing through the point
When x = 0 , then t = tan 0 = 0 and (3, 2, - 4) and having direction ratios (- 3, 1, 2) is
when x = p , then t = tan p = 3. x-3 = y-2 = z+4
2 2
dt -3 1 2
I =p# 2
3
0 a + b2 t2 3-x = y-2 = z+4
3 1 2
=p#
3 dt
0 a2 + (bt) 2
34. Solve the differential equation
= p2 dt
3
dy
+ y = 2 log x .
# a 2 x log x
b
`b j + t
2
0
dx x
or
I = p :tan-1 bt D
3
a 0 # a2dx = 1 tan-1 x + C
ab + x2 a a Find the particular solution of the differential
dy xy
= p [tan-1 3 - tan-1 0] equation
dx
= 2
x + y2
given that y = 1, when x = 0.
ab
2 Sol :
= p 9 p - 0C = p
ab 2 2ab
dy
We have x log x + y = 2 log x .
dx x
33. Find the values of p , so that the lines 2 log x
dy y
7y - 14 z - 3 + = 2 = 22
l1 | 1 - x = = and dx x log x x log x x
3 p 2
which is the a linear differential equation of first
y-5 6-z
l 2 | 7 - 7x = = dy
3p 1 5 order and is of the form = Py = Q ,
dx
are perpendicular to each other. Also, find the 1
equation of a line passing through a point (3, 2, - 4) where, P = and Q = 22
x log x x
and parallel to line l1 . 1
IF = e # P dx = e # x log x dx
Sol :
= e log logx = log x
Using y $ (IF) = # Q $ (IF) dx + C the general
x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 = r (let) ...(1) solution is
-3 p
7
2 1
# 2 log x dx
and x - 1 = y - 5 = z - 6 = r (let) ...(2)
y log x =
-3p 1 -5 2 x2 I
II
7
1 dx- # d (log x ) $ 1 dx dx
x2 l E
Two lines with DR’s a1 , b , c1 and a2 , b2 , c2 are = 2 :log x # b dx #
x2
perpendicular if
= 2 ;log x $ b- 1 l - # 1 $ b- 1 l dx E
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0 . x x x
Thus line (1) and (2) will intersect at right angle, if 1 1
= 2 :- log x + # 2 dx D
2 x
- 3p p
- 3b
7 l 7
+ (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0
or y log x =- 2 log x - 2 + C ,
x x
9p p
+ = 10 which is the required solution.
7 7
10p or
= 10 & p = 7
7
dy xy
which is the required value of p . We have = 2
dx x + y2
Also, we know that, the equation of a line which y
passes through the point (x1, y1, z1) with direction = x

...(1)
1+
y2
ratios a , b , c is given by x2
which is a homogeneous differential equation as x + 2y $ 6 (ii)

dy y
= Fa k and x $ 3, y $ 0
dx x
dy (i) Region corresponding to x + y $ 5 :
dx dx Line x + y = 5
have
x 0 5 Point (0, 0) is false for x + y $ 5 . So,
v + x dv = v 2 the region is away from the origin.
dx 1+v y 5 0
x dv = v 2 -v (ii) Region corresponding to x + 2y $ 6 :

dx 1+v
3
Line x + 2y = 6
x dv = v - v -2v x 0 3 Point (0, 0) is false for x + 2y $ 6.
dx 1+v
So, the region is away from the
x dv =- v 2
3
y 6 0
origin.
dx 1+v
1 + v2 dv =- dx (iii) Region corresponding to x $ 3 is away from
v3 x the origin.
first quadrant and away from the origin and other
# b 13 + v1 l dv =- # dx side of the line x = 3 .
v x
common area. Clearly, feasible region is CBA. The
- 1 2 + log v =- log x + C
2v corner points of the feasible region are A (6, 0),
2
y B (4, 1) and C (3, 2).
- x 2 + log =- log x + C
2y x
2
- x 2 + log y - log x =- log x + C
2y
2
- x 2 + log y = C ...(2)
2y
Also, it is given that y = 1, when x = 0 .
From Eq. (2), we have
0 + log 1 = C & C = 0
Substituting C = 0 in Eq. (2), we get
2
- x 2 + log y = 0
2y
x2
log y = 2
2y
x2
y = e 2y 2
which is the required solution. The values of objective function Z at these points
are as follows.
35. Maximize Z =- x + 2y , subject to the constraints:
Corner points Z =- x + 2y
x $ 3 , x + y $ 5 , x + 2y $ 6 , y $ 0
A (6, 0) Z =- 6 + 2 # 0 = - 6
or
B (4, 1) Z =- 4 + 2 # 1 =- 2
Maximize Z = x + y , subject to x - y #- 1,
x+y # 0, x , y $ 0. C (3, 2) Z =- 3 + 2 # 2 = 1
Sol : Since the feasible region is unbounded, therefore,
Z = 1 may or may not be the maximum value.
Maximize Z =- x + 2y For this, we graph the inequality - x + 2y 2 1 and
check weather the resulting region has points in
Subject to x+y $ 5 (i)
common with the feasible region or not.
The resulting feasible region has points in common

with the feasible region. Hence, Z = 1 is not the
Section - E
maximum value or Z has no maximum value. Case study based questions are compulsory.
or 36. Parallelepiped is the Greek word, which essentially
means the object that has a parallel plane.
Maximize Z = x+y Principally, the Parallelepiped is framed by the six
Subject to x - y #- 1 (i) parallelogram sides which bring about the prism or
the 3D figure, and it consists of the parallelogram
x+y # 0 base. It can be categorized as anything but the
polyhedron, where 3 sets of the parallel faces are
and x $ 0, y $ 0
made to combine for framing a three-dimensional
(i) Region corresponding to x - y # - 1 : (3D) shape that has six faces. The cube, cuboid,
and rhomboid are the three exceptional cases. The
Line x - y =- 1
Rectangular Parallelepiped consists of six faces in a
x 0 - 1 Point (0, 0) is false for x - y # - 1. rectangular shape.
So, the region is away from the
y 1 0
origin.
(ii) Region corresponding to x + y # 0 :
Line x + y = 0
x 0 2 Point (0, - 2) is true for x + y # 0 .
So, the region includes point (0, - 2).
y 0 2
first quadrant.
common area. Here we get no feasible region The sum of the surface area of a rectangular
(constraints are inconsistent). Hence, Z has no parallelopied with sides of x , 2x and x and a shape
maximum value. 3
of radius of y is given to be constant.
(i) If S is the constant, then find the relation
betweenS , x and y .
(ii) If the combined volume is denoted by V , then
find the relation between V , x and y .
(iii) Find the relation between x and y when the
volume V is minimum.
or
(iv) If at x = 3y , volume V is minimum, then find
the value of minimum volume and the value of S.
Sol :
(i) We have,
S = 2 a x # 2x + 2 x # x + x # x k + 4 p y 2
3 3
S = 6x2 + 4py2 ...(i)

(ii) we have,
V = 4 py3 + x # 2x # x
3 3
V = 4 py3 + 2 x3
3 3
(iii)We have, Service Percentages to be allocated to

Department departments
V = 4 py 3 + 2 x 3 [from part (ii)]
3 3
S1 S2 P1 P2 P3 P4
2
= 4 p b S - 6x l + 2 x3 [s = 6x2 + 4py2] S1 0 20 30 25 15 10
3 4p 3
S2 30 0 10 35 20 5
dV = 1 3 2 1 2 2
dx # 2 (S - 6x ) 2 (- 12x) + 3 # 3x Direct overhead 20 40 25 30 20 10
6 p
expense ` '000
=- 3 (S - 6x2) 2 # + 2x2
1
For minimum, dV = 0
dx
- 3 (S - 6x2) 2 x + 2x2 = 0
1
2x2 = 3x (S - 6x2) 2
1
2x2 = 3x (4py2) 2
1
[using Eq.(i)]
p
1
2 p x = 3 (4py2) 2
4 p x 2 = 9 # 4 py 2
x2 = 9y2 You are required to find out following using matrix
method.
x = 3y (i) Express the total overhead of the service
or departments in the form of simultaneous
equations.
(iv)
(ii) Express these equations in a matrix form and
Minimum value of V = 4 py3 + 2 x3 solve for total overhead of service departments
3 3 using matrix inverse method.
(iii) Determine the total overhead to be allocated
= 4 p a x k + 2 x3
3
[x = 3y]
3 3 3 from each of S1 and S2 to the production
department.
= 2 x3 b1 + 2p l Sol :
3 27
Now, when V is minimum, Let S1 be total overhead of service department and
2
S = 6x + 4py 2 S2 be total overhead of service department.
Then, S1 = 20000 + 0.3S2
= 6x2 + 4p a x k
2
[x = 3y]
3 and S2 = 40000 + 0.2S1
= 6x + 4 px2 = 2x2 :3 + 2 pD
2
The total overhead of the service departments can
9 9
be expressed in the form of simultaneous equations
as:
37. A manufacturing company has two service
departments, S1 , S2 and four production departments S1 - 0.3S2 = 20000
P1, P2, P3 and P4 . - 0.2S1 + S2 = 40000
Overhead is allocated to the production departments
The above simultaneous equations can be expressed
for inclusion in the stock valuation. The analysis
of benefits received by each department during the
last quarter and the overhead expense incurred by 1 - 0.3 S1 20000
> H> H = > H,
each department were: - 0.2 1 S2 40000
or AS = B
Here A = 1 - 0.06 = 0.94 Based on the above information answer the following
questions.
Since A ! 0 thus A exists, so that the unique
-1
solution of AX = B is X = A-1 B . (i) The total probability of committing an error in

processing the form.
adj.A 1 0.3
Here, A-1 = = 1 > H (ii) The manager of the company wants to do a
A 0.94 0.2 1 quality check. During inspection he selects
a form at random from the days output of
S1
> H = S = A-1 B processed forms. If the form selected at random
S2 has an error, the probability that the form is
1 0.3 20000 34043 not processed by Vikas.
= 1 > H> H => H
0.94 0.2 1 40000 46809 Ans :
S1 = ` 34043 and S2 = ` 46809 (i) Required probability,
The allocation of overhead from S1 and S2 to the = P (A)
production department becomes:
= P (E1) P b A l + P (E2) P b A l + P (E3) P b A l
[P1 P2 P3 P4] = [34043] [0.3 0.25 0.15 0.1] E1 E2 E3
= [10213 8511 5106 3404] = 0.5 # 0.06 + 0.2 # 0.4 + 0.3 # 0.3
and [P1 P2 P3 P4] = [46809] [0.1 0.35 0.2 0.05] = 0.030 + 0.008 + 0.009
= [4681 16383 9362 2340] = 0.047
The final allocation becomes : (ii) Required probability,
Department Total P1 P2 P3 P4 P c E1 m = 1 - P c E1 m
A A
S1 27234 10213 8511 5106 3404
R V
S2 32766 4681 16383 9362 2340 S P (E1) P b A l W
E
= 1 -S W
1
Total 60000 14894 24894 14468 5744 SP (E ) P A + P (E ) P A + P (E ) P A W

S 1 b E1 l 2 b E2 l 3 b E 3 lW
T X
38. Rajneesh do outsourcing work for companies and 0 .5 0 .6
= 1 -:
0.5 # 0.06 + 0.2 # 0.04 + 0.3 # 0.03 D
#
runs a form processing agency. He collect form from
different office and then extract data and record
data on computer. In his office three employees = 1 - 0.030 = 1 - 30 = 17
Vikas, Sarita and Ishaan process incoming copies 0.047 47 47
of a form. Vikas process 50% of the forms. Sarita
processes 20% and Ishaan the remaining 30% of the
forms. Vikas has an error rate of 0.06, Sarita has
an error rate of 0.04 and Ishaan has an error rate ***********
of 0.03.

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
3. Let f ^x h = x3 + 3 x2 + 3x + 3 , then f ^x h is
Section - A 2
(a) am even function
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. (b) an odd function
2
1. The area bounded by the parabola y = 8x and its (c) an increasing function
latus rectum is (d) a decreasing function
(a) 16/3 sq units (b) 32/3 sq units
Sol :
(c) 8/3 sq units (d) 64/3 sq units
Sol : f l^x h = 3x2 + 3x + 3 = 3 ^x2 + x + 1h
= 3 'bx + 1 l + 3 1 $ 9
2
2
Required area, A =2# 8x dx 2 4 4
0
= 4 2; x E
3/2 2
Hence, f ^x h is an increasing, function.
3/2 0 Thus (c) is correct option.
= 4 2 = 2 2 G = 32 sq units 1 2 1
3/2 3
If P = >
1 3 1H
4. and Q = PPT , then the value of Q is
(a) 2 (b) - 2
2. If av $ bv = av bv , then av, bv are
(c) 1 (d) 0
(a) perpendicular (b) like parallel
(c) unlike parallel (d) coincident Sol :
Sol : 1 2 1
We have P = >
1 3 1H
and Q = PPT
R1 1V
Given that, av $ bv = av bv 1 2 1S W 6 8
Clearly, Q = >
1 3 1HS W >8 11H
S2 3W =
cos q = 1 S1 1W
q = 0c 6 8 T X
Q = = 66 - 64 = 2
Vectors are like parallel. 8 11
Thus (b) is correct option. Thus option (a) is correct.
5. # dx is equal to and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

x (x7 + 1)
7 7 Here, n (A) = 4
(a) log c 7x m + C (b) 1 log c 7x m + C
x +1 7 x +1 and n (B) = 8
7 7
(c) log c x +7 1 m + C (d) 1 log c x +7 1 m + C Number of one-one function from A into B
x 7 x
= 8 P4 = 8 $ 7 $ 6 $ 5 = 1680
Sol :
We have I = # dx
2
x (x7 + 1) 8. The relation cosec-1 b x + 1 l = 2 cot-1 x is valid for
2x
Substituting x7 = t & dx = 1 6 dt we obtain (a) x $ 1 (b) x $ 0
7x
(c) x $ 1 (d) none of these
I =1
7
# t (tdt+ 1) = 71 # b 1t - t +1 1 l dt
Sol :
= 1 [log t - log (t + 1)] + C
7 The given relation is valid only when
= 1 log b t l + C 0 < 2 cot-1 x # p
7 t+1 2
7
= 1 log c 7x m + C
7 x +1 0 < cot-1 x # p
4
x $1
1 dx is
6. The value of #0 ex + e x = sin p
3
(a) 1 log b 1 + e l (b) log b 1 + e l = 3

e 2 2 2
1 (d) log b 2
1+el
(c) log (1 + e) Thus (c) is correct option.
e
Sol : y + ey+... dy
dx
dx = dx (a) 1 (b) 1 - x
1 1
We have I = #0 #0 x x
ex + e e a1 + ex k
x
e x
(c) (d) None of these
1+x
Substituting 1 + ex = t & 0 - ex dx = dt we obtain
e e Sol :
1 dx =- 1 dt y + ey+...
ex e We have x = ey + e
I =- 1 # 1 dt = - 1 [log t] 12 + e
2
e 1+e t e x = ey + x
= - 1 [log 2 - log (1 + e)] Taking log both sides, we get
e
log x = (x + y) log e
= - 1 log b 2 l
e 1+e
1 = dy + 1 & dy = 1 - x
+
= 1 log a 1 e k x dx dx x
e 2
Thus (a) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.
7. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} , then 10. The point of discontinuous of tan x are
the number of one-one function from A into B is (a) np , n d I (b) 2np , n d I
(a) 1340 (b) 1860
(c) (2n + 1) p , n d I (d) None of these
(c) 1430 (d) 1680 2
Sol :
Sol :
The points of discontinuity of f (x) are those points,
Given, A = {1, 3, 5, 7} where tan x is infinite.
i.e. tan x = tan 3 & x = (2n + 1) p , n d I 14. The solution of the differential equation
2 dy y
Thus (c) is correct option. x2 - xy = 1 + cos is
dx x
y 1 y
11. The length of the largest interval in which the (a) tan = c- 2 (b) tan = c + 1
function 3 sin x - 4 sin3 x is increasing, is 2x 2x x x
(a) p (b) p y
(c) cos = 1 + c (d) x2 = (c + x2) tan
y
3 2 x x x
(c) 3p (d) p Sol :

2
The given differential equation can be rewritten as
Sol :
dy y y
Let f ^x h = 3 sin x - 4 sin3 x = sin 3x - = 12 + 12 cos
dx x x x x
Since, sin x is increasing in the interval 9- p , p C .
2 2 Put y = vx
- p # 3x # p dy
= v + x dv
2 2 dx dx
-p # x # p v + x dv - v = 12 + 12 cos v
6 6 dx x x
Hence, the length of interval = p - a- p k = p x3 dv = 1 + cos v
6 6 3
dx
dv = dx3
12. Two dice are thrown n times in succession. The
2 cos2 v x
probability of obtaining a doublet six atleast once is 2
(a) b 1 l (b) 1 - b 35 l
n n
# 1 sec2 v dv = # x-3 dx + c
36 36 2 2
(c) b 1 l
n
-2
(d) None of these
12 tan v = x + c
2 2
Sol :
y
tan =- 1 2 + c
p =Probability of getting double six in two dice 2x 2x
= 12 = 1 and q = 35
6 36 36 15. Let G be the centroid of a triangle ABC and O be
Required probability any other point, then OA + OB + OC is equal to
(a) v0 (b) OG
= 1 - (Probability of not getting double six)n
(c) 3OG (d) none of these
= 1 - b 35 l
n
36 Sol :
13. The degree of the differential equation Since, OG = OA + OB + OC

3
d2 y 2 dy 2 d2 y
c 2 m + b dx l = x sin c 2 m OA + OB + OC = 3OG
dx dx
(a) 1 (b) 3 Thus (c) is correct option.
(c) 2 (d) none of these 16. The projections of a line segment on x, y, z axes are
Sol : 12, 4, 3. The length and the direction cosines of the
line segment are
Since the given equation is not a polynomial
(a) 13, < 12 , 4 , 3 > (b) 19, < 12 , 4 , 3 >
equation in differential coefficients. 13 13 13 19 19 19
Hence, its degree is not defined.
(c) 11, < 12 , 14 , 3 > (d) none of these
Thus (d) is correct option. 11 11 11
Sol : It passes through (2, 1), we get,

2 2 2
The length of line segment = 12 + 4 + 3 = 13 4 - 1 = 2c
Hence, DC’s of a line are < 12 , 4 , 3 >. c =3

13 13 13 2
2 (x2 - y2) = 3x
17. If A and B are mutually exclusive events with Thus (a) is correct option.
P ^B h ! 1, then P Â/B h is equal to (here, B is the
complement of the event B ) 19. Assertion: The relation R in a set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
1 1 defined by R = {(x, y): 3x - y = 0)} have the domain
(a) (b)
P ^B h 1 - P ^B h = {1, 2, 3, 4} and range = {3, 6, 9, 12}
Reason: Domain & range of the relation (R) is
P Âh P Âh
(c) (d) respectively the set of all first & second entries of
P ^B h 1 - P ^B h
the distinct ordered pair of the relation.
Sol : (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
Given, A and B are mutually exclusive events. correct explanation for Assertion.
P Â k B h = 0 (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not

a correct explanation for Assertion.
P Â k B h
Now, P Â/B h = (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
P ^B h
P Âh - P Â k B h
=
P ^B h Sol :
P Âh R = {(x, y): y = 3x, x d A}
=
1 - P ^B h
R = {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9), (4, 12)}
Domain of the relation = {1, 2, 3, 4}
18. Equation to the curve through (2,1) whose slope at
x2 + y2 and Range of the relation = {3, 6, 9, 12}
the point (x, y) is , is
2xy Thus (a) is correct option.
(a) 2 (x2 - y2) = 3x (b) 2 (y2 - x2) = 6y
3 1 x y z
(c) x (x2 - y2) = 6 (d) none of these 20. Assertion: If A = > H and b = >a b c H , then
2 2
Sol : orders of (A + B) is 2 # 3
Reason: If [aij] and [bij] are two matrics of the same
dy x2 + y2 order, then order of A + B is the same as the order
We have =
dx 2xy
of A or B
Put y = vx , (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
2 correct explanation for Assertion.
v + x dv = 1 + v
dx 2v (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
2
v + x dv = 1 + v (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
dx 2v
2
x dv = 1 + v - v Sol :
dx 2v
we know that A + B is defined only if A and B
2v dv = dv have same order.
1 - v2 dx
Here, A is of order 2 # 2 and B is order of 2 # 3 .
log (1 - v2) + log x = log c As A and B are not of the same order, so (A + B)
is not defined, therefore it is not possible to find the
y2
log x c1 - m = log c sum of A and B .
x2 Hence, Assertion is false and reason is true.
x2 - y2 = cx Thus (d) is correct option.
2 - 3 sin x dx
Section - B = #b
cos2 x cos2 x l
This section comprises of very short answer = # (2 sec2 x - 3 sec x tan x) dx
= 2 # sec2 x dx - 3 # sec x tan x dx
21. The probability distribution of a random variable
= 2 tan x - 3 sec x + C
X is given below
or
X -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
We have I = # sec x (sec x + tan x) dx
P ^X h p 2p 3p 4p 5p 7p 8p 9p 10p 11p 12p
What is the value of p ?
= # (sec2 x + sec x tan x) dx
Sol : = # sec2 x dx + # sec x tan x dx
Sum of probabilities distribution = 1 = tan x + sec x + C
p + 2p + 3p + 4p + 5p + 7p + 8p + 9p + 10p + 11p + 12p

24. If av = 8 , bv = 3 and av # bv = 12 , find the angle
=1 between av and bv .
72p = 1 or
Write the value of l , so that the vectors
p = 1 av = 2it + ltj + kt and bv = it - 2tj + 3kt are
72
perpendicular to each other.
22. Show that the relation R on IR defined as
R = {(a, b): (a # b)} , is reflexive and transitive but Sol :
not symmetric.
Let q be the angle between av and bv .
Sol :
We have av = 8 , bv = 3 and av # bv = 12
Given a relation R = {(a, b): a # b} on IR (the set If q is the angle between av and bv , the we have
of real numbers).
Reflexivity Since, a # a is true for all value of av # bv = av bv sin q
a dIR
12 = av bv sin q
(a, a) d R6a d IR
Hence, the given relation is reflexive. sin q = 12 = 12
av bv 8#3
Transitiveity Let (a, b) dR be any arbitrary
elements.
sin q = 1 & q = p
Then, we have a # b and b # c 2 6
Hence, the required angle between av and bv is p .
a#b #c 6
or
a # c (a, c) dR
We have av = 2it + ltj + kt
Hence, the given relation is transitive.
Symmetricity Note that (2, 3) dR as 2 < 3 and bv = it - 2tj + 3kt
Y R as 3 <
But (3, 2) d Y 2 Since, vectors are perpendicular.
Hence, the given relation is not symmetric.
av $ bv = 0
23. Write the value of # 2 - 3 sin x dx .
cos2 x (2it + ltj + kt) $ (it - 2tj + 3kt) = 0
or 2 - 2l + 3 = 0
Write the value of # sec x (sec x + tan x) dx . 5 - 2l = 0 & l = 5/2
Sol :
We have I = # 2 - 3 sin x dx
cos2 x
^1 + tan 2 h + ^1 - tan 2 h
q 2 q 2
25. The equation of a line is
=
^1 - tan 2 h^1 + tan 2 h
q q
5x - 3 = 15y + 7 = 3 = 3 - 10z
Write the direction cosines of the line. 1 + tan2 2q
= 2f p
1 - tan2 2q
cos q =
Sol : 1 - tan2 2q 1 + tan2 2q
Given equation of a line is = 2 = 2 = 2b

cos q a
b a
5x - 3 = 15y + 7 = 3 - 10z ...(1) = RHS Hence proved.
Here coefficients of x , y and z are 5, 15 and 10.
3x 5 6 -2
LCM (5, 15, 10) = 30 . Thus dividing by 30 we have 27. If = , then write the value of x .
8 x 7 3
eq. (1) becomes
5x - 3 = 15y + 7 = 3 - 10z Sol :
30 30 30
5 ^x - 5 h
3
15 ^y + 15 h - 10 ^z - 103 h
7 2x 5 6 -2
= = We have =
30 30 30 8 x 7 3
x- 5 3
y + 15
7
z - 103 2x2 - 40 = 18 - (- 14)
= = ...(2)
6 2 -3
The standard form of equation is given as 2x2 - 40 = 32
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1 ...(3) 2x2 = 72
a b c
Comparing the above standard equation with Eq. x2 = 36
(2), we get 6, 2, - 3 are the direction ratios of the
given line. x =! 6
Now 62 + 22 + (- 3) 2 = 49 = 7
28. Show that y = log (1 + x) - 2x , x 2- 1 is an
2+x
Now, the direction cosines of given line are 6 , 2 ,
7 7 increasing function of x , throughout its domain.
-3 .
7
or
Find the intervals in which the function given by
f (x) = sin x + cos x , 0 # x # 2p is
Section - C (i) increasing (ii) decreasing.
This section comprises of short answer Sol :
We have y = log (1 + x) - 2x .
26. Prove that tan & p + 1 cos-1 a 0 2+x
4 2 b
p 1 p Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
-1 a
tan & + cos + tan & - 1 cos-1 a a k0 = 2b
4 2 b0 4 2 b a dy (2 + x) $ 2 - 2x $ 1
= 1 (1) -
Sol : dx 1+x (2 + x) 2
We have = 1 - 4 + 2x - 2x
1+x (2 + x) 2
tan & p + 1 cos-1 a 0 + tan & p - 1 cos-1 a a k0 = 2b
4 2 b 4 2 b a
(2 + x) 2 - 4 (1 + x)
=
Let cos-1 a = q then cos q = a . Now substituting in (1 + x) (2 + x) 2
b b
2
LHS we have = 4 + x + 4x - 4 -2 4x
(1 + x) (2 + x)
LHS = tan b p + q l + tan b p - q l
4 2 4 2 x2
= ...(i)
p
tan + tan q p
tan - tan q
(1 + x) (2 + x) 2
= 4 2
+ 4 2
1 - tan p4 tan q
2 1 + tan p4 tan q
2 Now, x2 , (2 + x) 2 are always positive, also 1 + x 2 0
dy
1 + tan q
1 - tan q for x 2- 1. Thus dx 2 0 for x 2- 1. Hence,
= +2
q
2
q function increases for x 2- 1.
1 - tan 21 + tan 2
or du = (sin x) x [x cot x + log sin x] ...(4)

dx
We have f (x) = sin x + cos x .
Differentiating both sides of Eq. (4) w.r.t. x , we get
dy
= du + 1 d ( x)
f' (x) = cos x - sin x dx dx 1 - ( x ) 2 dx
Now, substituting f' (x) = 0 we have dy
= (sin x) x [x cot x + log sin x]
dx
cos x - sin x = 0
tan x = 1, 30. If q is the angle between two vectors it - 2tj + 3kt
and 3it - 2tj + kt, find sin q .
x = p , 5p , as 0 # x # 2p
4 4 Sol :
Now, we find the intervals in which f (x) is strictly
increasing or strictly decreasing. We have av = it - 2tj + 3kt
For interval 0 1 x 1 p at x = p ,
4 6 and bv = 3it - 2tj + kt
f' (x) = cos x - sin x
Here, av = 12 + (- 2) 2 + 32
= 3 -1 = 3 -1 + ve
2 2 2 = 1 + 4 + 9 = 14
For interval p 1 x 1 5p at x = p , bv = 32 + (- 2) 2 + 12
4 6 2
f' (x) = cos x - sin x = 9 + 4 + 1 = 14
= 0 - 1 =- 1 - ve it tj kt
For interval 5p 1 x 1 2p at x = 3p , and av # bv = 1 - 2 3
4 2
3 -2 1
f' (x) = cos x - sin x
= 0 - (- 1) = 1 + ve = it(- 2 + 6) - tj (1 - 9) + kt(- 2 + 6)
Here f' (x) 2 0 in a 0, p k , f' (x) 1 0 in ^ p4 , 54p h and = 4it + 8tj + 4kt = 4 (it + 2tj + kt)
4
f' (x) 2 0 in ^ 54p , 2ph . av # bv = 4 12 + 22 + 12
Since, f (x) is a trigonometric function, so it is
= 4 1+4+1 = 4 6
continuous at x = 0 , p , 5p and 2p .
4 4
Now av # bv = av bv sin q
Hence, the function is
(i) increasing in 90, p C and :5p , 2pD . sin q =
av # bv
...(1)
4 4
p 5 p av bv
(ii) decreasing in : , D .
4 4 4 6
=
dy 14 $ 14
29. If y = (sin x) x + sin-1 x , then find .
dx 4 6 2 6
= =
Sol : 14 7
p
We have y = (sin x) x + sin-1 x ...(1) 31. Evaluate #0 x3 - x dx .
or
Let u = (sin x) x ...(2)
Evaluate # x2 dx .
2
Then, Eq. (1) becomes, y = u + sin-1 x ...(3) -2 1 + 5
x
Taking log both sides of Eq. (2), we get Sol :

1 du = x d (log sin x) + log sin x d (x) 2
u dx dx dx We have I = #-1 x3 - x dx
du = u x 1 1 (sin x) + log sin x (1) We observe that,
dx : # sin x dx D
Z 3
du = (sin x) x x ](x - x), when - 1 1 x 1 0
dx 9 sin x # cos x + log sin x C Since x3 - x = [- (x3 - x), when 0 # x 1 1
[from Eq. (2)] ] (x3 - x), when 1 # x 1 2
\
Thus dy
cosec x log y =- x2 y2
0 1 2 dx
I = #-1 (x3 - x) dx + #0 - (x3 - x) dx + #1 (x3 - x) dx Separating the variables, we get
0 1 2 log y 2
= # (x3 - x) dx - #0 (x3 - x) dx + # (x3 - x) dx dy = - x dx
-1 1
y 2 cosec x
4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2
= :x - x D - :x - x D + :x - x D Integrating both sides, we have
4 2 -1 4 2 0 4 2 1
log y x2 dx
= ;0 - b 1 - 1 lE - ;b 1 - 1 l - 0E + ;b 16 - 4 l - b 1 - 1 lE # dy =- #
4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 y 2 cosec x
=- 1 + 1 - 1 + 1 + 4 - 2 - 1 + 1 I1 =- I2 ...(2)
4 2 4 2 4 2
3 3 - 3 + 6 + 8 log y
=- + + 2 = = 11 where, I1 = # dy
4 2 4 4 y2
or x2 dx =
and I2 = # cosec x # x2 sin x dx
2
#-2 1 +x 5x dx
2
We have I = ...(i) log y
Now I1 = # dy
b b y2
Using the fact # f (x) dx = # f (a + b - x) dx we dy
a a Substituting log y = t & y = et , then = dt we
have y
have
2 (2 - 2 - x) 2 I1 = # tI eII-t dt
I = #-2 dx
1 + 52 - 2 - x
2 = t # e-t dt - # :dtd (t) # e -t
dt Ddt
#-2 1 +x 5-x dx
2
=
=- t e-t - # (- e-t) dt
-x
#-2 5x5+ 1 x2 dx
2
or I = ...(ii) =- te-t + # e-t dt
Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get =- te-t - e-t + C1
x
#-2 c 15x++51 m x2 dx
2
2I = log y
=- - 1 + C1 ...(3)
=
2 y y
# x2 dx
-2
or 2I = 2 # x2 dx
2
Even function
and I2 = # xI2 sinII x dx
0
3 3 = x2 # sin x dx - # : d (x2) # sin x dx D dx

I = :x D = 1 (23 - 0) = 8 dx
3 0 3 3
= x2 (- cos x) - # [2x (- cos x)] dx
=- x2 cos x + 2 # x cos x dx
Section - D I II
=- x cos x + 2 9x # cos xdx - d

# & dx (x) # cos xdx 0 dx
2
type questions (LA) of 5 marks each. =- x2 cos x + 2 [x sin x - # sin x dx ]
2
32. Solve the
following differential equation =- x cos x + 2x sin x + 2 cos x + C2
dy 2 2
cosec x log y + x y = 0. ...(iv)
dx
or Substituting the values of I1 and I2 from Eqs. (3)
and (iv) in Eq. (2), we get
Solve the following differential equation.
log y
y dy
x cos a k
y
= y cos a k + x ; x ! 0 - - 1 + C1 = x2 cos x - 2x sin x - 2 cos x - C2
x dx x y y
Sol : (1 + log y )
- = x2 cos x - 2x sin x - 2 cos x - C2 - C1
y
dy
We have cosec x log y + x2 y2 = 0 ...(1)
dx
(1 + log y ) - 3p p
- 3b
7 l 7
- = x2 cos x - 2x sin x - 2 cos x + C + (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0
y
where, C =- C2 - C1 9p p
+ = 10
7 7
which is the required solution of given differential
10p
equation. = 10 & p = 7
7
or which is the required value of p .
y dy y Also, we know that, the equation of a line which
We have x cos a k = y cos a k + x ...(1) passes through the point (x1, y1, z1) with direction
x dx x
which is a homogeneous differential equation as ratios a , b , c is given by
dy y x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
= Fa k a b c
dx x
Since, required line is parallel to line l1 .
dy
have
dx dx So, a =- 3 , b = 7 = 1 and c = 2
7
Now, equation of line passing through the point
x cos v :v + x dv D = vx cos v + x (3, 2, - 4) and having direction ratios (- 3, 1, 2) is
dx
vx cos v + x2 cos v dv = vx cos v + x x-3 = y-2 = z+4
dx -3 1 2
x cos v dv = x
2
3-x = y - 2
= z+4
dx 3 1 2
cos v dv = dx
x
Integrating both sides, we have 34. Maximize Z = 3x + 4y , subject to the constraints;
x+y # 4, x $ 0, y $ 0.
# cos v dv = # dx
x or
sin v = log x + C Minimize Z = - 3x + 4y subject to the constraints
y y x + 2y # 8 ,
sin a k = log x + C [put v = ]
x x
which is the required solution of given differential 3x + 2y # 12 ,
equation. x $ 0, y $ 0
33. Find the values of p , so that the lines Sol :

7y - 14 z - 3 We have to maximize Z = 3x + 4y , subject to the
l1 | 1 - x = = and
3 p 2 constraints :
y-5 6-z
l 2 | 7 - 7x = = Maximize Z = 3x + 4y
3p 1 5
are perpendicular to each other. Also, find the Subject to x+y # 4 (i)
equation of a line passing through a point (3, 2, - 4)
and parallel to line l1 . and x $ 0, y $ 0
Region corresponding to x + y # 4 :
Sol :
Line x + y = 4
x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 = r (let) x 0 4 Point (0, 0) is true for
...(1) x + y # 4 . So, the region is
-3 p
7
2 1
y 4 0
towards the origin.
and x - 1 = y - 5 = z - 6 = r (let) ...(2)
-3p 1 -5 2 Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the
7
first quadrant.
Two lines with DR’s a1 , b , c1 and a2 , b2 , c2 are
perpendicular if
common area. Clearly, feasible region is OABO
a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0 which is bounded The corner points of the feasible
Thus line (1) and (2) will intersect at right angle, if region are O (0, 0), A (4, 0) and B (0, 4).
Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we

can check the objective function at all the corner to
find the maxima. The values of objective function
Z at these points are as follows.
Corner points Z = 3x + 4y Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we

O (0, 0) Z = 0+0 = 0 find the maxima. The values of objective function
A (4, 0) Z = 3 # 4 + 4 # 0 = 12 Z at these points are as follows.
B (0, 4) Z = 3 # 0 + 4 # 4 = 16 Corner points Z =- 3x + 4y
The maximum value of Z is 16 at B (0, 4) and the O ^0, 0h Z = 0+0 = 0
optimal solution is x = 0 , y = 4 . B ^0, 4h Z =- 3 # 0 + 4 # 4 = 16
or E ^2, 3h Z =- 3 # 2 + 4 # 3 = 6
Minimized Z =- 3x + 4y C ^4, 0h Z =- 3 # 4 + 4 # 0 =- 12
Subjected to x + 2y # 8 Hence the minimum value of Z is - 12 at C ^4, 0h
and the optimal solution is x = 4 ; y = 0 .
3x + 2y # 12 ,
35. Evaluate #0
p/2 x sin x cos x dx .
and x $ 0, y $ 0 sin 4 x + cos 4 x
(i) Region corresponding to x + 2y # 8 : Sol :
Line x + 2y = 8 We have I = #0
p/2 x sin x cos x dx ...(1)
sin 4 x + cos 4 x
x 0 8 Point (0, 0) is true for a a
x + 2y # 8 . So, the region is Using the fact #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx we have
y 4 0
towards the origin. ^ - x h sin ^ 2 - x h cos ^ 2 - x h
p p p
p/2 2
I = #0 dx
(ii) Region corresponding to 3x + 2y # 12 : sin 4 ^ p2 - x h + cos 4 ^ p2 - x h
p/2 ^ 2 - x h cos x sin x
p
Line 3x + 2y = 12 = # dx ...(2)
0 cos 4 x + sin 4 x
x 0 4 Point (0, 0) is true for Adding Eqs. (1) and (2), we get
3x + 2y # 12 . So, the region
y 6 0
is towards the origin. 2I = p cos x sin x dx
#0
p/2
2 sin 4 x + cos 4 x
I =p# sin x cos x
p/2
first quadrant. or dx
4 0 (sin2 x) 2 + (1 - sin2 x) 2
common area. Clearly, feasible region is OCEBO Substituting sin2 x = t
which is bounded. Solving equations x + 2y = 8 and 2 sin x cos x dx = dt
3x + 2y = 12 , we get E (2, 3) The corner points of
the feasible region are O (0, 0), C (4, 0), E (2, 3) and sin x cos x dx = dt
B (0, 4). 2
When x = 0 , then t = sin 0 = 0 and (ii) The manager of the company wants to do a
when x = p , then t = sin2 p = 1
quality check. During inspection he selects
2 2 a form at random from the days output of
Thus processed forms. If the form selected at random
has an error, the probability that the form is
I =p 1 dt
1
#0 not processed by Vikas.
4 t2 + (1 - t) 2 2
Sol :
=p# 2 1
1
dt
8 0 t + (1 + t2 - 2t)
(i) Required probability,
=p# 1
1
dt = P (A)
8 0 2t 2 - 2t + 1
= p # 2 1
= P (E1) P b A l + P (E2) P b A l + P (E3) P b A l
1
dt
16 0 t - t + ^ 12 h2 - ^ 12 h2 + 12 E1 E2 E3
= p # 1
1
dt = 0.5 # 0.06 + 0.2 # 0.4 + 0.3 # 0.3
16 0 ^t - 12 h2 + ^ 12 h2
t- 1 1 = 0.030 + 0.008 + 0.009 = 0.047
= p 11 >tan-1 e 1 2 oH # x2 +1 a2 dx = a1 tan-1 ax + C
16 2 2 0 (ii) Required probability,
= p ;tan-1 2 b1 - 1 l - tan-1 2 b 0 - 1 lE
8 2 2 P c E1 m = 1 - P c E1 m
-1 -1
tan (- 1) = - tan (1)
A A
= p [tan-1 (1) - tan-1 (- 1)] R V
8 =- p
4 S P (E1) P b A l W
2 E
or I = p 9 p + p C = p = 1 -S W
1
8 4 4 16 SP (E ) P A + P (E ) P A + P (E ) P A W
S 1 b E1 l 2 b E2 l 3 b E 3 lW
T X
= 1 -: 0.5 # 0.6
Section - E 0.5 # 0.06 + 0.2 # 0.04 + 0.3 # 0.03 D
Case study based questions are compulsory. = 1 - 0.030 = 1 - 30 = 17

0.047 47 47
36. Mahesh runs a form processing agency. He collect
form from different office and then extract data 37. RK Verma is production analysts of a ready-made
and record data on computer. In his office three garment company. He has to maximize the profit
employees Vikas, Sarita and Ishaan process incoming of company using data available. He find that
copies of a form. Vikas process 50% of the forms. P (x) =- 6x2 + 120x + 25000 (in Rupee) is the total
Sarita processes 20% and Ishaan the remaining 30% profit function of a company where x denotes the
of the forms. Vikas has an error rate of 0.06, Sarita production of the company.
has an error rate of 0.04 and Ishaan has an error
rate of 0.03.

Based on the above information answer the following following questions.
questions. (i) Find the profit of the company, when the
(i) The total probability of committing an error in production is 3 units.
processing the form. (ii) Find Pl (5)
(iii) Find the interval in which the profit is strictly 3 typists. In one office of a branch, 5 salesmen are
increasing. also working. In each office of other branch 2 head-
or clerks are also working. Using matrix notations find:
(iv) Find the production, when the profit is (i) the total number of posts of each kind in all the
maximum. offices taken together in each branch.
(ii) the total number of posts of each kind in all the
Sol : offices taken together from both branches.
We have P (x) =- 6x2 + 120x + 25000 Sol :
Pl (x) =- 12x + 120 Consider the three row matrices,

A1 = [2 5 3 5 0]
(i) At x = 3 we have,
A2 = [2 5 3 0 0]
P (3) =- 6 (3) 2 + 120 (3) + 25000
A3 = [2 5 3 0 0]
=- 54 + 360 + 25000 = 25306
The matrices A1, A2, A3 represent the three offices of
(ii) Pl (5) =- 12 # 5 + 120 one branch (say A), where the elements appearing
in the row represents the number of peons, clerks,
=- 60 + 120 = 60
typists, salesman and head-clerks taken in that
(iii) For strictly increasing, Pl (x) 2 0 order working in the three offices.
- 12x + 120 2 0 Now, consider the three row matrices,
120 2 12x B1 = [2 5 3 0 2]
x 1 10 B2 = [2 5 3 0 2]
x d (0, 10) B3 = [2 5 3 0 2]
The matrices B1, B2, B3 represents the three offices of
or
other branch (say B ), where the elements appearing
(iv) For maximum profit we put Pl (x) = 0 , i.e
0 =- 12x + 120 typists, salesman and head-clerks taken in that
order working in the three offices.
x = 10
The total number of posts of each kind in all the
Now P m (x) =- 12 1 0 offices of branch A are the elements of the matrix:
At x = 10 , profit function is maximum. A = A1 + A2 + A3
38. Publishing is the activity of making information, = [2 5 3 5 0] + [2 5 3 0 0] + [2 5 3 0 0]

literature, music, software and other content available
= [2 + 2 + 2 5 + 5 + 5 3 + 3 + 3 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0]
to the public for sale or for free. Traditionally, the
term refers to the creation and distribution of printed = [6 15 9 5 0]
works, such as books, newspapers, and magazines.
offices of branch B are the element of the matrix:
B = B1 + B2 + B3
= [2 5 3 0 2] + [2 5 3 0 2] + [2 5 3 0 2]
= [6 15 9 0 6]
(ii) The total number of posts of each kind in all
the offices taken together from both branches
A and B are the elements of the matrix:
A + B = (A1 + A2 + A3) + (B1 + B2 + B3)
NODIA Press is a such publishing house having two = [12 30 18 5 6]

branch at Jaipur. In each branch there are three
offices. In each office, there are 2 peons, 5 clerks and ***********

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
3. Which of the following is correct for the function

Section - A f (x) = sin 2x - 1 at the point x = 0 and x = p
(a) Continuous at x = 0 , p
(b) Discontinuous at x = 0 but continuous at x = p
1. The function f ^x h = x2 - 2x is increasing in the (c) Continuous at x = 0 but discontinuous at x = p
interval
(d) Discontinuous at x = 0 , p
(a) x !- 1 (b) x $- 1
(c) x ! 1 (d) x $ 1 Sol :
Sol : We have f (x) = sin 2x - 1

Being sine function, f (x) is defined and continuous
Given, f ^x h = x2 - 2x at x = 0 , p .
f l^x h = 2x - 2 = 2 ^x - 1h Thus (a) is correct option.
So, f ^x h is increasing, if
2 ^x - 1h $ 0, ie, x $ 1
4. The minimum value of f ^x h = sin x cos x is
2
dy
2. If x = 2 at 3 and y = 2 at 3 2 , then is equal to
1+t (1 + t ) dx (a) 1 (b) - 1
2 2
(a) ax (b) a2 x2
(c) 0 (d) 5
(c) x (d) x
a 2a
Sol :
Sol :
2 Now, f ^x h = sin x cos x = 1 ^sin 2x h
x = 2at 3 and y = 2at 3 2 2
1+t (1 + t )
Since, the minimum value of sin 2x is - 1.
dy
2ay = x2 & =x Hence, minimum value of f ^x h is - 1 .
dx a 2
Thus (c) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.
5. If R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)} (c) - log (1 + cos2 x) + C
is a relation on the set A = {3, 6, 9, 12} . Then, the (d) log (1 + tan2 x) + C
relation is
(a) an equivalence relation Sol :
(b) reflexive and symmetric sin 2x
We have I = # dx
(c) reflexive and symmetric sin2 x + 2 cos2 x
(d) only reflexive sin 2x
= # dx
1 - cos2 x + 2 cos2 x
Sol :
= # sin 2x dx
R is reflexive as (3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12) d R . 1 + cos2 x
R is not symmetric as (6, 12) d R but (12, 6)
Y R . R is transitive as the only pair which needs
d Substituting 1 + cos2 x = t & - 2 cos x sin x dx = dt
verification is (3, 6) and (6, 12) d R . (3, 12) dR . - 2 sin 2x dx = dt
I = - # dt = - log t + C
6. If P Âh = 0.5 , P ^B h = 0.4 and P Â k B h = 0.3 , t
=- log 1 + cos2 x + C
then P b A' l is equal to Thus (c) is correct option.
B
(a) 1 (b) 1 p 1 + cos 2x dx is equal to
3 2 9. #0 2
(c) 2 (d) 3 (a) 0 (b) 2
3 4
Sol : (c) 4 (d) - 2
Sol :
P Â' k B'h P Â j B h '
P Â'/B'h = =
P ^B'h P ^B'h p 1 + cos 2x dx = p 2 cos2 x dx
#0 #0
1 - P Â j B h 2 2
=
1 - P ^B h
p
= # cos2 x dx
0
1 - 8P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B hB p
= = #0 cos x dx [a x2 = x ]
1 - P ^B h
p/2 p
1 - 60.5 + 0.4 - 0.3@ 0.4 2 = #0 cos x dx - #p/2 cos x dx
= = =
1 - 0.4 0.6 3 = [sin x] p0 /2 - [sin x] pp/2
= [1 - 0] - [0 - 1] = 1 + 1 = 2
7. The value of sin ;2 cos-1 b- 3 lE is Thus (b) is correct option.
5
(a) 24 (b) - 24 10. If AB = A and BA = B , then B2 is equal to
25 25
(a) B (b) A
(c) 7 (d) none of these (c) - B (d) B3
25
Sol : Sol :
sin ;2 cos-1 b- 3 lE = 2 sin ;cos-1 b- 3 lE cos ;cos-1 b- 3 lE Given, AB = A and BA = B
5 5 5
Now, BA = B
1 - b- 3 l b- 3 l =- 24
2
=2
5 5 25
BAB = BB
B (A) = B2
8. # 2 sin 2x 2 dx is equal to
sin x + 2 cos x B = B2
(a) - log (1 + sin2 x) + C Thus (a) is correct option.
(b) log (1 + cos2 x) + C
11. The solution of edy/dx = x + 1, y (0) = 3 , is Sol :

(a) y = x log x - x + 2 dy x2 + y2
We have = 2
(b) y = (x + 1) log (x + 1) - x + 3 dx x + xy
(c) y = (x + 1) log (x + 1) + x + 3 Putting y = vx we have
(d) y = x log x + x + 3 2
v + x dv = 1 + v
dx 1+v
Sol :
2
edy/dx = x + 1 x dv = 1 + v - v = 1 - v
dx 1+v 1+v
dy 2 dx
dx
= log (x + 1) b- 1 + 1 - v l dv = x
y = (x + 1) log (x + 1) - x + c On integrating both sides, we get
At x = 0, y = 3, y y
- - 2 log a1 - k + c = log x
x x
then c =3
y
y = (x + 1) log (x + 1) - x + 3 + 2 log (x - y) + c = log x
x
12. The area of enclosed by y = 3x - 5 , y = 0 , x = 3
and x = 5 is
x (1 + y2) dx + y (1 + x2) dy = 0 is
(a) 12 sq units (b) 13 sq units
(c) 13 1 sq units (d) 14 sq units (a) (1 + x2) (1 + y2) = 0
2
(b) (1 + x2) (1 + y2) = c
Sol :
(c) (1 + y2) = c (1 + x2)
The region is bounded by the curves y = 3x - 5 ,
(d) (1 + x2) = c (1 + y2)
y = 0 , x = 3 and x = 5 .
5 Sol :
Required area, A = # (3x - 5) dx
3 Given equation can be rewritten as
2 5
2x dx + 2y
= : 3x - 5x D # # dy = log c
2 3 1 + x2 1 + y2
= b - 25 l - b 27 - 15 l
75
log (1 + x2) + log (1 + y2) = log c
2 2
= 75 - 25 - 27 + 15 (1 + x2) (1 + y2) = c
2 2
= 48 - 10 = 14 sq units
2 15. If av and bv are position vectors of A and B
Thus (d) is correct option. respectively, then the position vector of a point C
in AB produced such that AC = 3AB , is
(a) 3av - bv (b) 3bv - av
(c) 3av - 2bv (d) 3bv - 2av
13. (x2 + xy) dy = (x2 + y2) dx is
y Sol :
(a) log x = log (x - y) + +c
x Given that,
y AC = 3AB
(b) log x = 2 log (x - y) + +c
x
cv - av = 3 ^bv - avh
(c) log x = log (x - y) + x + c
y
cv = 3bv - 2av
16. If av = it + tj , bv = 2tj - kt and rv # av = bv # av, rv # bv for n d N . Then, f is

= av # bv , then r is equal to
v (a) Surjective but not injective
rv
(b) Injective but not surjective
1 (b) 1 ìt - 3tj + ktj
(a) ì + 3j - ktj
t t
11 11 (c) Bijective
(c) 1 ìt - tj + ktj (d) none of these (d) neither injective nor surjective
3
Sol : Sol :
n2, if n is odd.
Since, rv # av + rv # bv = bv # av + av # bv = v0 Since, f (n) = *
2n + 1, if n is even
rv # âv + bvh = v0
f (1) = 12 = 1
rv is parallel to av + bv
f (2) = 2 (2) + 1 = 5
rv = t âv + bvh , where t is some scalar
f (3) = 32 = 9
= t ìt + 3tj - ktj
f (4) = 2 (4) + 1 = 9
rv = t ^1 + 9 + 1h = 11 t
f (3) = f (4)
rv = it + 3tj - kt = 1 it + 3tj - kt
` j So, f is not injective.
rv 11 11
Also, f is not surjective as some element of N (co-
domain) is not the image of any element of N .
17. The foot of the perpendicular from (0, 2, 3) to the Thus (d) is correct option.
y = 1 z+4
line x + 3 = = is 19. Let A and B be two events associated with an
5 2 3
experiment such that P (A k B) = P (A) P (B)
(a) (- 2, 3, 4) (b) (2, - 1, 3)
Assertion: P (A | B) = P (A) and P (B | A) = P (B)
(c) (2, 3, - 1) (d) (3, 2, - 1)
Reason: P (A j B) = P (A) + P (B)
Let N be the foot of the perpendicular from the correct explanation for Assertion.
point (0, 2, 3) on the given line (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
x+3 = y-1 = z+4
5 2 3 (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
= l (say) ...(1) (d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
Any point on the line is P (5l - 3, 2l + 1, 3l - 4). Sol :
If this point is N , then direction ratios of NP are
< 5l - 3 - 0, 2l + 1 - 2, 3l - 4 - 3 > Assertion is true; Reason is false.
i.e. < 5l - 3, 2l - 1, 3l - 7 > Since, P (A k B) = P (A) P (B),
Since, PN is perpendicular to line (1).
Therefore, A and B are independent events.
Hence, 5 (5l - 3) + 2 (2l - 1) + 3 (3l - 7) = 0
P (A k B) P (A) P (B)
P (A | B) = =
38l - 38 = 0 P (B) P (B)
l =1 = P (A)
Hence, required point is (2, 3, - 1). Similarly, P (B | A) = P (B)
Thus (c) is correct option. Thus, assertion is true. However, reason is not true
for independent events. For example, when a dice is
18. A mapping f : n " N , where N is the set of natural
rolled once, then the events
numbers is define as
A : ‘an even number’ shows up
n2, for n odd
f (n) = * and B : ‘a multiple of 3’ show up are independent as
2n + 1, for n even
P (A) P (B) = 3 # 2 = 1
6 6 6
= P (A k B) (A = {2, 4, 6,}, B = {3, 6}) Since l = cos a, m = cos b and n = cos g we have
But, P (A j B) = ({2, 3, 4, 6}) l =m=n ...(1)
Now l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
= 4 ! P (A) + P (B)
6
Substituting l = m = n in above we have
3 2 5 4
bP (A) + P (B) = 6 + 6 = 6 ! 6 l l2 + l2 + l2 = 1
3l2 = 1
20. For any square matrix A with real number entries 1 1
consider the following statements. l2 = 3 & l = !
3
Assertion: A + Al is a symmetric matrix. From Eq. (1), direction cosines of a line as
Reason: A - Al is a skew-symmetric matrix. 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1
c 3 , 3 , 3 m or c 3 , 3 , 3 m
(a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
22. If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and
f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} is a function from A to B .
State whether f is one-one or not.
Sol :
Given, A = {1, 2, 3}
Sol :
B = {4, 5, 6, 7}
Let B = A + Al then
and f : A " B is defined as
Bl = (A + Al)l = Al + (Al)l
f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)}
= Al + A = A + Al = B
i.e. f (1) = 4 , f (2) = 5 f (3) = 6
Therefore,
It can be seen that the images of distinct elements
B = A + Al is a symmetric matrix. of A under f are distinct. So, f is one-one.
Now, let C = A - Al 23. Two groups are computing for the positions of
the Board of Directors of a corporation. The
Cl = (A - Al)l = Al - (Al)l
probabilities that the first and second groups will
= Al - A = - (A - Al) =- C win are 0.6 and 0.4 respectively. Further, if the first
group wins, the probability of introducing a new
Therefore,C = A - Al is a skew-symmetric matrix.
product introduced way by the second group.
Here assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
a correct explanation for Assertion. Sol :
Thus (b) is correct option. Let E1 and E2 denote the events that first and
second group will win. Then,
P Ê1h = 0.6 and P Ê2h = 0.4
Section - B Let E be the event of introducing the new product.
P b E l = 0.7 and P b E l = 0.3

This section comprises of very short answer Then,
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. E1 E2
Now, we have to find the probability that new
21. What are the direction consines of a line which product is introduced by second event.
makes equal angles with the coordinate axes?
P Ê2h P ` EE j
P b E2 l =
2
Sol : E P Ê1h P ` EE j + P Ê2h P ` EE j

1 2
Let a , b and g be the angles made by the line with 0.4 # 0.3
coordinate axes. Since line makes equal angles with =
0.6 # 0.7 + 0.4 # 0.3
coordinate axes, we have 0.12
= = 0.12 = 0.22
0.42 + 0.12 0.54
a = b = g & cos a = cos b = cos g
24. Find a vector in the direction of vector 2it - 3tj + 6kt = p # dx - # x dx

which has magnitude of 21 units. 2
2
or = px- x +C
2 2
Find the angle between X -axis and the vector or
it + tj + kt.
Anti-derivative of f (x) is # f (x) . Thus anti-
Sol : derivative of c 3 x + 1 m , is the integration of
x
We have av = 2it - 3tj + 6kt
I = # c 3 x + 1 m dx
Now av = 22 + (- 3) 2 + 62 x
=3# x dx + # 1 dx
= 4 + 9 + 36
x
= 49 = 7 units
= # c3 x + 1 m dx
The unit vector in the direction of the given vector x
av is 1 dx
=3# x dx + #
x
at = a = 1 (2it - 2tj + 6kt)
v
av 7 1/2 + 1 -1/2 + 1
= 3e x += x
o - 1/2 + 1G
+C
= 2 it - 3 tj + 6 kt 1/2 + 1
7 7 7
The vector of magnitude equal to 21 units and in = 2 (x3/2 + x1/2) + C
the direction of av is given by
21at = 21 b 2 it - 3 tj + 6 ktl
7 7 7 Section - C
= 6it - 9jt + 18kt
or type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
We have av = it + tj + kt
26. Find the area of a parallelogram whose adjacent
Now, unit vector in the direction of av is sides represented by the vectors 2it - 3kt and
it + tj + kt 4it + 2kt.
at = a =
v
av 12 + 12 + 12 Sol :
it + jt + kt
= We have av = 2it - 3kt
3
= 1 it + 1 tj + 1 kt and bv = 4tj + 2kt
3 3 3 where av and bv are sides of a parallelogram
If angle between X -axis and the vector it + tj + kt is Area of parallelogram is give by
a then
av # bv = (2it - 3kt) # (4tj + 2kt)
cos a = 1 & a = cos-1 c 1 m
3 3 it tj kt
= 2 0 -3
25. Evaluate # cos-1 (sin x) dx . 0 4 2
or
= it(0 + 12) - tj (4 + 0) + kt(8 - 0)
Write the anti-derivative of c 3 x + 1 m .
x = 12it - 4tj + 8kt
Sol :
= 122 + (- 4) 2 + (8) 2
We have I = # cos -1
(sin x) dx
= 144 + 16 + 64
= # cos 9cos a p - x kC dx
-1
2 = 224 = 4 14 sq units
= # a p - x k dx cos-1 (cos q) = q
2
27. Using the principal values, write the value of dy

[x tan y + log (cos x)] = log (cos y) + y tan x
cos-1 b 1 l + 2 sin-1 b 1 l . dx
2 2 log (cos y) + y tan x
dy
Sol : =
dx x tan y + log (cos x)
dy
cos-1 b 1 l + 2 sin-1 b 1 l = cos-1 a cos p k + 2 sin-1 a sin p k = -1 2 Hence proved.
2 2 3 6 dx (1 + x)
= p+2#p
3 6
x sin q cos q
= + = 2p
p p
29. If - sin q - x 1 = 8 , write the value of x .
3 3 3
cos q 1 x
28. If y = sin-1 (6x 1 - 9x2 ), - 1 1 x 1 1 , then
dy 3 2 3 2 Sol :
find .
dx
or x sin q cos q
y x dy We have, - sin q - x 1 =8
If (cos x) = (cos y) , then find .
dx cos q 1 x
Sol : Expanding along R1 , we get
We have -1
y = sin (6x 1 - 9x ) 2 x (- x2 - 1) - sin q (- x sin q - cos q)
+ cos q (- sin q + x cos q) = 8
or y = sin-1 (2 $ 3x 1 - (3x) 2 )
- x - x + x sin2 q + sin q cos q - sin q cos q
3
Substituting 3x = sin q , we have
+ x cos2 q = 8
y = sin-1 (2 sin q 1 - sin2 q )
- x3 - x + x (sin2 q + cos2 q) = 8
= sin-1 (2 sin q $ cos q)
- x3 - x + x = 8
= sin-1 (sin 2q)
- x3 = 8
= 2q
x3 + 8 = 0
Thus y = 2 sin-1 (3x)
x3 + 23 = 0
dy 2
= (3)
dx 1 - 9x 2 (x + 2) (x2 - 2x + 4) = 0
dy 6
= x =- 2
dx 1 - 9x 2 2
or Here x - 2x + 4 = 0 , gives imaginary values.
y x
We have, (cos x) = (cos y) 30. The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate
Taking log both sides, we get of 3 cubic centimeter per second. Find the rate of
increase of its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm.
log (cos x) y = log (cos y) x
or
y log (cos x) = x log (cos y) Show that the function f (x) = 4x3 - 18x2 + 27x - 7
Differentiating w.r.t. x , we get is always increasing on R .
y $ d log (cos x) + log cos x $ d (y) Sol :
dx dx
Let r be the radius, V be the volume and S be the
= x d log (cos y) + log (cos y) d (x)
dx dx surface area of sphere.
1 d dy dV = 3 cm3 /s
y$ (cos x) + log (cos x) We have
cos x dx dx dt
= x $ 1 d (cos y) + log cos y $ 1 Now V = 4 pr 3
cos y dx 3
dy
y $ 1 (- sin x) + log (cos x) dV = 4 p $ 3r2 $ dr
cos x dx dt 3 dt
dy 2 dr
=- x tan y + log (cos y) 3 = 4p # r
dx dt
dr = 3 cm/s
dt 4p r 2
...(1) Section - D
Now, S = 4p r 2 This section comprises of long answer-
dS = d (4pr2) type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
dt dt
dy
= 4p # 2r $ dr 32. Solve the differential equation
dx
- 3y cot x = sin 2x ,
dt p
given y = 2 when x = .
3 2
= 8p r # Using eq. (1)
4p r 2 Sol :
=6
r dy
We have, - 3y cot x = sin 2x ...(1)
dS = 6 = 2 cm2 /s dx
b dt l 2
r=2 This is a linear differential equation of the form
dy
or = Py = Q , where P = - 3 cot x and Q = sin 2x .
dx
We have, f (x) = 4x3 - 18x2 + 27x - 7 IF = e # P dx = e-3 # cot x dx
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get = e-3 log sin x = elog sin x
-3
f' (x) = 12x2 - 36x + 27

= sin x -3
= 3 (4x2 - 12x + 9) Using y $ (IF) = # Q $ (IF) dx + C the general

= 3 (2x - 3) 2 solution is
For any x d R , (2x - 3) 2 $ 0 because, a perfect y $ (sin x) -3 = # (sin x) -3 (sin 2x) dx + C
square number cannot be negative. Thus given 2 sin x cos x dx + C
function f (x) is an increasing function on R . = #
sin3 x
31. Evaluate # 2 cos x dx . y $ (sin x) -3 = # 2 cos2 x dx + C ...(1)
sin2 x sin x
Sol : Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt in Eq. (1), we
get
We have 2 cos x dx
I = # -1
sin2 x y $ (sin x) -3 = 2 # dt2 + C = 2 # t + C
Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt we have t -1
2 dt
I = # y (sin x) -3 = - 2 + C
t2 t
-
y (sin x) = 2 + C
-3
= 2 # dt2 sin x
t
-1 y =- 2 sin2 x + C sin3 x ...(2)
= 2t +C
-1 p
Substituting x = and y = 2 in Eq. (2), we get
2
Substituting t = sin x we have
2 =- 2 sin2 p + C sin3 p
I =- 2 (sin x) -1 + C 2 2
2 =- 2 $ 1 + C $ 1
= -2 + C
sin x C =4
=- 2 cosec x + C
y =- 2 sin2 x + 4 sin3 x ,
ALTERNATIVE METHOD :
which is required particular solution.
We have I = # 2 cos x dx
sin2 x 33. Maximize Z = 3x + 2y subject to x + 2y # 0 ,
3x + y # 15, x , y $ 0 .
= 2 # 1 $ cos x dx
sin x sin x
or
= 2 # cosec x cot x dx Minimise Z = x + 2y subject to 2x + y $ 3 ,
= 2 (- cosec x) + C x + 2y $ 6 , x , y $ 0 . Show that the minimum of
Z occurs at more than two points.
=- 2 cosec x + C
Sol : or
Maximize Z = 3x + 2y Minimise Z = x + 2y
Subject to x + 2y # 10 (i)
Subject to 2x + y $ 3 (i)
3x + y # 15 (ii)
x + 2y $ 6 (ii)
and x $ 0, y $ 0
(i) Region corresponding to x + 2y # 10 : and x $ 0, y $ 0
Line x + 2y = 10 (i) Region corresponding to 2x + y H 3 :
x 0 10 Point (0, 0) is true for Line 2x + y = 3

x + 2y # 10 . So, the region is x 0 3
Point (0, 0) is false for
y 5 0
towards the origin.
2
2x + y H 3 . So, the region is
y 3 0
(ii) Region corresponding to 3x + y # 15 :
Line 3x + y = 15 (ii) Region corresponding to x + 2y H 6 :
x 0 5 Point (0, 0) is true for Line x + 2y = 6

3x + y # 15 . So, the region is x 0 6 Point (0, 0) is false for
y 15 0
towards the origin. x + 2y H 6 . So, the region is
y 3 0
first quadrant. Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the first quadrant.
common area. Clearly, feasible region is OABCO Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
which is bounded. Solving equations x + 2y = 10 common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABC which
and 3x + y = 15 , we get B (4, 3) The corner points is open and unbounded region. The corner points of
of the feasible region are O (0, 0), A (5, 0), B (4, 3) the feasible region are A (6, 0) and B (0, 3).
and C (0, 5).
Corner points Z = 3x + 2 y
O (0, 0) Z = 0+0 = 0
A (5, 0) Z = 3 # 5 + 0 = 15
B (4, 3) Z = 3 # 4 + 2 # 3 = 18
C (0, 5) Z = 0 + 2 # 5 = 10
Thus, Z is maximum at B (4, 3) and the maximum
value is 18.

A (6, 0) Z = 6+0 = 6
B (0, 3) Z = 0+2#3 = 6
The minimum value of Z is 6 at all points on the
line segment joining the points A^6, 0h and B^0, 3h .
y+3 z+5 Pb 1 , - 1 , - 3 l.
34. Show that the lines x + 1 = = and i.e.
2 2 2
3 5 7
x - 2 = y - 4 = z - 6 intersect. Also, find their
1 3 5 35. Find # x2 + x + 1 dx .
point intersection. (x + 2) (x2 + 1)
or
Sol :
Evaluate # e $ sin a p + x k dx .
p 2x
0 4
We have x + 1 = y + 3 = z + 5 = l (let)
3 5 -7 Sol :
...(1)
We have x2 + x + 1 dx
I = #
and x - 2 = y - 4 = z - 6 = m (let) (x + 2) (x2 + 1)
1 3 5 Here we will make given expression simplify using
...(2) partial fraction.
Then, any point on line (1) is of the form
Let x2 + x + 1 = A + Bx2 + C
P (3l - 1, 5l - 3, 7l - 5) ...(3) 2
(x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 2) x +1
and any point on line (2) is of the form x2 + x + 1 = A (x2 + 1) + (Bx + C) (x + 2)
Q (u + 2, 3m + 4, 5m + 6) ...(4) Substituting x =- 2 we have,
If lines (1) and (2) intersect, then these points must
4 - 2 + 1 = A (5) + 0 & 5A = 3 & A = 3
coincide for some l and m . 5
Substituting x = 0 , we have
Consider, 3l - 1 = m + 2
0 + 0 + 1 = A (0 + 1) + (0 + C) (0 + 2)
5l - 3 = 3m + 4
1 = A + 2C & 1 = 3 + 2 C
and 7l - 5 = 5m + 6 5
2
2C = & C = 1
3l - m = 3 ...(5) 5 5
and substituting x = 1 we obtain,
5l - 3m = 7 ...(6)
1 + 1 + 1 = 2A + (B + C) (3)
and 7l - 5m = 11 ...(7)
Multiplying Eq. (5) by 3 and then subtracting Eq, 3 = 2A + 3 (B + C)
(6), we get
3 = 2 b 3 l + 3 bB + 1 l
2 5
9l - 3m - 5l + 3m = 9 - 7
3 - 6 = 3 bB + 1 l
4l = 2 & l = 1 5 5
2
9 = 3 B+1
Substituting the value of l in Eq. (5), we get 5 b 5l
3-1 =B&B= 2
3#1-m = 3 5 5 5
2
3 - m = 3 & m =- 3 ^5 x + 5h
2 1
Thus, x2 + x + 1 = 3 +
2 2
(x + 2) (x2 + 1) 5 (x + 2) (x2 + 1)
Substituting the values of l and m in Eq. (7), we
Now I = x2 + x + 1 dx
#
get (x + 2) (x2 + 1)
7 # 1 - 5 b- 3 l = 11 = # 3 dx + 1 # 22x dx + 1 # 2dx
2 2 5 (x + 2) 5 x +1 5 x +1
7 + 15 = 11 & 22 = 11
2 2 2 = 3 log x + 2 + 1 log x2 + 1 + 1 tan-1 (x) + C
5 5 5
11 = 11, which is true.
or
Hence, lines (1) and (2) intersect and substituting
l = 1 in Eq. (3) we get their point of intersection as e sin a p + x k dx
p 2x
2
We have I = #0 4
Using integration by parts technique
P b 3 # 1 - 1, 5 # 1 - 3, 7 # 1 - 5l
2 2 2
= ;u # vdx - d u $ vdx dx 80% for the 4:3:1:3:3:1 series.26 The probability

# uI $ vdx
II
# &dx # 0 E that a randomly selected toddler in Alabama has
and choosing its function with the help of ILATE received a full set of inoculations is 0.792, for
procedure we have a toddler in Georgia, 0.839, and for a toddler in
Utah, 0.711.27 Suppose a toddler from each state is
I1 = # e2x sin a p + x k dx ...(i) randomly selected.
II 4 I
= sin a p + x k # e2x dx - d sin p + x # e2x dx dx
# ' dx a4 k 1
4
2x 2x
= sin a p + x ke - # cos a p4 + x ke2 dx
4 2
Again using integration by parts technique
2x
I1 = e sin a p + x k - 1 # e2x cos a p + x k dx
2 4 2 II 4
I
2x 2x 2x
= e sin a p + x k - 1 ;cos a p + x ke - # - sin a p + x ke dx E
2 4 2 4 2 4 2
2x 2x
= e sin a p + x k - e cos a p + x k - 1 # e2x sin a p + x k dx
2 4 4 4 4 4
2x (i) Find the probability that all three toddlers have
I1 = e %2 sin a p + x k - cos a p + x k/ - 1 I1
4 4 4 4 received these inoculations.
2x
1 e p p (ii) Find the probability that none of the three has
4 %
I1 + I1 = 2 sin a + x k - cos a + x k/
4 4 4 received these inoculations.
2x
5 I = e 2 sin p + x - cos p + x
4 1 4 % a4 k a4 k/ Sol :
2x
I1 = e %2 sin a p + x k - cos a p + x k/ We define the following three events:
5 4 4 A = toddler A from Alabama has received these
I = [I1] p0 inoculations;
2x p G = toddler G from Georgia has received these
= ;e %2 sin a p + x k - cos a p + x k/E inoculations; and
5 4 4 0
U = toddler U from Utah has received these
= 1 9e2p %2 sin a p + pk - cos a p + pk/C inoculations.
5 4 4
(i) Assume these three events are independent
- e %2 sin a + 0k - cos a p + 0k/
0 p
4 4 P (A + G + U)
= 1 9e2p %- 2 sin p + cos p /- e0 %2 sin p - cos p /C = P (A) $ P (G) $ P (U)
5 4 4 4 4
= (0.792) (0.839) (0.711) = 0.4725
= 1 =e2p '- 2 # 1 + 1 1 - 1 '2 # 1 - 1 1G
5 2 2 2 2 (ii) The probability that all three toddlers have
= 1 =e2p '- 1 1 - 1 G =- 1 [e2p + 1] received these inoculations is 0.4725.
5 2 2 5 2 None of the three has received inoculations means
toddler A has not received the inoculations and
toddler G has not received the inoculations and
toddler U has not received the inoculations.
Section - E P (Al + Gl + U l)
Case study based questions are compulsory. = P (Al) $ P (Gl) $ P (|U l)
36. Federal health officials have reported that the = [1 - P (A)] $ [1 - P (G)] $ [1 - P (U)]
proportion of children (ages 19 to 35 months) who
received a full series of inoculations against vaccine- = (1 - 0.792) (1 - 0.839) (1 - 0.711)
preventable diseases, including diphtheria, tetanus, = (0.208 (0.161) (0.289)
measles, and mumps, increased up until 2006, but
has stalled since. The CDC reports that 14 states = 0.0097
have achieved a vaccination coverage rate of at least
37. Cross holding, also referred to as cross shareholding, x 1 0.2 98000

>y H = X = A-1 B = 0.98 >0.1 1H>49000H
1
describes a situation where one publicly-traded
company holds a significant number of shares of
another publicly-traded company. The shares owned x 1 98000 + 9800
>y H = 0.98 >9800 + 49000H
of the second publicly-traded company are referred
to as a cross-holding of the first company.
107800 110000
= 1 > H => H
098 58800 60000
Thus, x = ` 110000 and y = ` 60000
In company A , company B hold 10 % shares and
outside holed 90 % shares. In company B , company
A hold 20 % shares and outside hold 80 % shares
Total of the profits allocated to outside shareholders:
110000
P = [0.9 0.8] > H
60000
= 699000 + 48000@
= 6147000@
Total of separately earned profits:
[98000 + 49000] = [147000]
Two companies A and B are holding shares in Hence, the total of the profits allocated to outside
each other. A is holding 20% shares of B and B shareholders equal to the total of separately earned
is holding 10% shares. of A. The separately earned profits.
profits of the two companies are ` 98000 and
38. Ravindra Manch was established in 1963 to
` 49000 respectively.
commemorate the 100th birth anniversary of
(i) Find total profit of each company using matrix Ravindra Nath Tagore. Ravindra Manch is one of
notations. the myriad places in Jaipur that hold a historical
(ii) Show that the total of the profits allocated to significance. The auditorium was among the
outside shareholders is equal to the total of seventeen cultural centers that were envisioned by
separately earned profit. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and was thrown open to
Sol : the public on Independence Day in the year 1963.
Since then, the place has hosted a wide number
Let x and y be the total profits of companies A and of cultural shows and events. Some of the most
B , respectively, then the given information can be renowned artists, dancers and actors have displayed
put in the form of simultaneous linear equations as: their talent at this prestigious venue.
x = 98000 + 0.2y
x - 0.2y = 98000 ...(1)
y = 49000 + 0.1x
0.1x + y = 9000 ...(2)
The above system of equations can be written in
matrix form as:
1 - 0.2 x 98000
>- 0.1 H> H => H or AX = B
1 y 49000
Here A = 1 - 0.02 = 0.98

Since A ! 0 thus A-1 exists, so that the unique Last year, 300 people attended the Ravindra Manch
solution of AX = B is X = A-1 B . Drama Club’s winter play. The ticket price was
< 70. The advisor estimates that 20 fewer people
1 0.2
Here, A-1 = 1 adj.A = 1 > H would attend for each < 10 increase in ticket price.
A 0.98 0.1 1
(i) What ticket price would give the most income

for the Drama Club?
(ii) If the Drama Club raised its tickets to this price,
how much income should it expect to bring in?
Sol :
Let x represent the number of Rs 10 fare increases.
Then 70 + 10x is the price per passenger and
300 - 20x is the number of passengers. The income
is the number of passengers multiplied by the price
per ticket. Let R (x) represent income as a function
of x .
Now R (x) = (300 - 20x) (70 + 10x)
= 20 (15 - x) (10) (7 + x)
= 200 (105 + 8x - x 2)
= 21000 + 1600x - 200x2
Differentiating wrt x we have
dR (x)
= 1600 - 400x
dx
dR (x)
For R (x) to be maximum, dx = 0
1600 - 400x = 0 & x = 4 .
d 2 R =-
Now, 400 which is negative for all x .
dx2
d 2R
Thus, < 0 , R (x) is maximum when x = 4 .
dx2
(i) Ticket price,
Thus ticket price,
p = 70 + 10x = 70 + 10 # 4 = 110
(ii) Income
Maximum Revenue,
R (4) = 21000 + 1600x - 200x2
= 21000 + 1600 # 4 - 200 # 42
= 24200
***********

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
= 4 (log 3 - log 1)
Section - A
= 4 log 3 = log 81
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. Thus (c) is correct option.
1. The function f ^x h = x has a
3
3. Two vectors av and bv are parallel and have same
(a) local minima at x = 0 magnitude, then
(b) local maxima at x = 0 (a) they have the same direction
(c) point of inflexion at x = 0 (b) they are equal
(d) none of the above (c) they are not equal
Sol : (d) they may or may not be equal
local minima at x = 0 Sol :

f l^x h = 3x2 If two vectors av and bv are parallel and have same
magnitude, then they may or may not be equal.
f l^0 h = 0
Similarly, f m^0 h = 0 and f n ^0 h = 6
4. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} are
Hence, f has a point of inflexion at x = 0 . two sets and function f : A " B is defined by
Thus (a) is correct option. f (x) = x + 2 , 6x d A , then the function f is
(a) bijective (b) onto
2. Find the area of a curve xy = 4 , bounded by the
lines x = 1 and x = 3 and X -axis. (c) one-one (d) many-one
(a) log 12 (b) log 64
Sol :
(c) log 81 (d) log 27
f (1) = 3
Sol :
f (2) = 4
Given curve is xy = 4 .
f (3) = 5
Required area, A = #
3 4 dx = 4 $ [log x] 3
1 x 1
f (4) = 6
1 d B , 2 d B do not have any pre-image in A. and CA = 4it - 2tj - 4kt

f is one-one and into.
Thus (c) is correct option. AB = ^- 1h2 + ^- 1h2 + ^- 4h2
=3 2
5. The function f ^x h = x2 , for all real x , is
(a) decreasing ^- 3h2 + 3 = 3 2
2
BC =
(b) increasing
and CA 42 + ^- 2h2 + ^- 4h2 = 6
(c) neither decreasing nor increasing
2 2 2
(d) none of the above Now, AB + BC = CA
Sol : 18 + 18 = 36
36 = 36
Given that, f ^x h = x2
Hence, 3ABC is right angled and isosceles also.
f l^x h = 2x 6x e R Thus (d) is correct option.
If x > 0 , then f l^x h = 2x > 0 , it is an increasing
function and if x < 0 , then f ^x h = 2x < 0 , it is a 8. The order of the differential equation of all circles
decreasing function. of radius a is
Hence, it is neither decreasing nor increasing. (a) 2 (b) 3
Thus (c) is correct option. (c) 4 (d) 1
p/2 sin x - cos x dx is equal to Sol :
6. #0 1 + sin x cos x
The general equation of all circles of radius a is
(a) 0 (b) p
4 (x - h) 2 + (y - k) 2 = a2 .
(c) p (d) p
2 Since, it has two arbitrary constants.
Sol : Hence, order of the differential equation obtained
is 2.
I = #0 sin x - cos x dx
p/2
...(i) Thus (a) is correct option.
1 + sin x cos x
p/2 sin ^ 2 - x h - cos ^ 2 - x h
p p
= # dx 9. The derivative of log x is
1 + sin ^ 2 - x h cos ^ p2 - x h
p
(a) 1 , x 2 0 (b) 1 , x ! 0
0
p/2 cos x - sin x x x

= # dx ...(ii)
0 1 + cos x sin x (c) 1 , x ! 0 (d) None of these
x
Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
Sol :
2I = #0 0
p/2
dx = 0 & I = 0
1 + sin x cos x We have y = log x
log x, x 2 0
=*
7. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B, C of a triangle log (- x), x 1 0
ABC are 7tj + 10kt, - it + 6tj + 6kt and - 4it + 9tj + 6kt Z 1,
respectively, then triangle is ] x20
dy x
=[ 1 1
(a) equilateral dx
] - x (- 1) = x , x 1 0
(b) isosceles dy \
= 1, x ! 0
(c) scalene dx x
(d) right angled and isosceles also Thus (c) is correct option.
Sol : 10. cos-1 9cos a- p kC is equal to

3
Now, AB =- it - tj - 4kt, (a) - p (b) p
3 3
BC =- 3it + 3tj
(c) 2p (d) 5p
3 3
Sol : 13. Solution of (x + 2y3) dy = y dx is
cos-1 9cos a- p kC = cos-1 a cos p k = p (a) x = y3 + cy (b) x + y3 = cy

3 3 3
Thus (b) is correct option. (c) y2 - x = cy (d) none of these
1 x -3 1 1 0 Sol :
11. If A = > 2
x 4yH
, B=>
1 0H
and adj (A) + B = > H,
0 1 Given equation can be rewritten as
then the values of x and y are dx = x + 2y2
(a) 1, 1 (b) ! 1, 1 dy y
(c) 1, 0 (d) None of these dx - x = 2y2
dy y
Sol :
IF = e # pdx = e # - y dy = 1
1
4y - x y
adj (A) = > 2
-x 1 H
We have x = # 2y dy + c = y2 + c
Solution is,
y
4y - x -3 1
adj (A) + B = > 2 H +>
-x 1 1 0H x = y3 + cy
1 0 4y - 3 - x + 1
>0 1H = >- x2 + 1 1 + 0 H 14. Two dice are thrown n times in succession. The
4y - 3 = 1 & y = 1 probability of obtaining a doublet six atleast once is
(a) b 1 l (b) 1 - b 35 l
n n
and -x + 1 = 0 & x = 1 36 36
(c) b 1 l
n
(d) None of these
12
ax + 3, x # 2
12. If f (x) = * 2 , then the values of a for Sol :
a x - 1, x 2 2
which f is continuous for all x are p =Probability of getting double six in two dice
(a) 1 and - 2 (b) 1 and 2 = 12 = 1 and q = 35
6 36 36
(c) - 1 and 2 (d) - 1 and - 2
Required probability
Sol :
= 1 - (Probability of not getting double six)n
ax + 3, x # 2
We have f (x) = * 2
= 1 - b 35 l
n
a x - 1, x 2 2
36
Continuity at x = 2,
lim f (x) = lim (ax + 3) = 2a + 3
x " 2- x"2 15. Integrating factor of differential equation
lim f (x) = lim (a2 x - 1) = 2a2 - 1 dy
x " 2+ x"2 cos x + y sin x = 1
Since, f (x) is continuous for all values of x . dx
(a) cos x (b) tan x
lim f (x) = lim f (x)
x " 2- x " 2+
(c) sec x (d) sin x
2a + 3 = 2a2 - 1
Sol :
2a2 - 2a - 4 = 0
The given differential equation can be rewritten as
a2 - a - 2 = 0
dy
+ tan xy = sec x
a2 - 2a + a - 2 = 0 dx
a (a - 2) + 1 (a - 2) = 0 Here, P = tan x
(a + 1) (a - 2) = 0 IF = e # pdx = e # tanx dx
a =- 1, 2 = sec x
Thus (c) is correct option. Thus (c) is correct option.
R 1 -2 2 V
16. If a, b, g are the angles which a half ray makes S W
with the positive directions of the axes, then 19. Assertion: If A = 1 S- 2 1 2 W , then (AT ) A = I
3S
sin2 a + sin2 b + sin2 g is equal to S- 2 - 2 - 1WW
(a) 2 (b) 1 T X
Reason: For any square matrix A, (AT )T = A
(c) 0 (d) - 1 (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
Sol :
Since, 2 2 2
cos a + cos b + cos g = 1 a correct explanation for Assertion.
Hence, 1 - sin2 a + 1 - sin2 b + 1 - sin2 g = 1
sin2 a + sin2 b + sin2 g = 2
R 1 -2 2 V R V
x + x2 dx is equal to W 1 S 1 - 2 - 2W
17. # 1+x+ T 1 S
AA = S- 2 1 2 W $ S- 2 1 - 2W
x + 1+x 3S 3S
S- 2 - 2 - 1WW S 2 2 - 1WW
(a) 1 1 + x + C (b) 2 (1 + x) 3/2 + C T X
R9 0 0V R1 0 0V
T X
2 3
S W S W
(c) 1+x +C (d) 2 (1 + x) 3/2 + C = 1 S0 9 0W = S0 1 0W = I
9S
S0 0 9WW SS0 0 1WW
Sol : T X T X
Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not a
(1 + x) 2 + x x + 1 correct explanation for Assertion.
# 1+x+ x + x2 dx = # dx
x + 1+x x + 1+x Thus (b) is correct option.
1+x ( 1+x + x) 20. Assertion: Let A = {- 1, 1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 4, 9}

= # dx
where f : A " B given by f (x) = x2 , then f is a
( 1+x + x)
many-one function.
= # 1 + x dx
Reason: If x1 ! x2 & f (x1) ! f (x2), for every x1, x2d
= 2 (1 + x) 3/2 + C domain then f is one-one or else many
3
Thus (b) is correct option. (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
18. If P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3 and P ^B h = 0.6 , (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
then the events will be a correct explanation for Assertion.
(a) dependent
(b) independent
(c) cannot say anything
Sol :
(d) None of the above
Sol : Here, f (- 1) = 1, f (1) = 1,

f (2) = 4 , f (3) = 9
We have P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3
Two elements 1 and - 1 have the same image 1
and P ^B h = 0.6 d B.
P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h So, f is a many-one function .
Assertion and reason are true and reason is the
0.83 = 0.3 + 0.6 - P Â k B h correct explanation of assertion.
P Â k B h = 0.9 - 0.83 = 0.07 Thus (a) is correct option.
Now, P Âh $ P ^B h = 0.3 # 0.6 = 0.18

P Âh $ P ^B h ! P Â k B h
Hence, events are dependent.
7
Section - B = t +C
7
7
This section comprises of very short answer = tan x + C
7
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. or
21. Find the vector equation of the line which passes We have I = # dx
through the point (3, 4, 5) and is parallel to the sin2 x cos2 x
vector 2it + 2tj - 3kt. (sin2 x + cos2 x)
= # dx sin2 q + cos2 q = 1
Sol : sin2 x $ cos2 x
Equation of a line passing through a point with = # (sec2 x + cosec2 x) dx

position vector av and parallel to a vector bv is given = # sec2 x dx + # cosec2 x dx
by
= tan x - cot x + C
rv = av + lbv
Since, line passes through (3, 4, 5), is
Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos 4 x,
av = 3it + 4tj + 5kt we get
Since, lines is parallel to 2it + 2tj - 3kt, we get I = sec2 x $ sec2 x dx
#
tan2 x
bv = 2it + 2tj - 3kt
(1 + tan2 x) $ sec2 x
Equation of line is rv = av + lbv , i.e. = # dx
tan2 x
rv = (3it + 4tj + 5kt) + l (2it + 2tj - 3kt) Substituting tan x = t & sec2 x dx = dt we have
2
which is the required vector equation. I = # 1 +2 t
dt = # 1 dt + # 1 dt
t t2
22. Prove that if E and F are independent events, then = t-1+C
the events E and F' are also independent. t
Substituting t = tan x we obtain
Sol :
I = tan x - cot x + C
Since event E and F are independent, we have
P Ê k F h = P Ê h $ P ^F h 24. Write the direction ratios of the vector 3av + 2bv ,
where av = it + tj - 2kt and bv = 2it - 4tj + 5kt.
Now, P Ê k F'h + P Ê k F h = P Ê h
or
P Ê k F'h = P Ê h - P Ê k F h Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of
= P Ê h - P Ê h P ^F h vectors 2it + 3tj - kt and 4it - 3tj + 2kt.
= P Ê h61 - P ^F h@ Sol :
or P Ê k F'h = P Ê h P ^F'h The given vector 3av + 2bv can be given as
Thus E and F' are also independent events. 3av + 2bv = 3 (it + tj - 2kt) + 2 (2it - 4tj + 5kt)
Hence proved. = (3it + 3tj - 6kt) + (4it - 8tj + 10kt)
6
23. Find # sin x dx . = 7it - 5tj + 4kt
cos8 x
or Hence, direction ratios of vectors 3av + 2bv are 7, - 4
dx and 4.
Evaluate # .
sin2 x cos2 x or
Sol :
We have av = 2it + 3tj - kt
6
We have I = # sin x dx = # tan6 x sec2 x dx
cos8 x and bv = 4it - 3tj + 2kt
Substituting tan x = t & sec2 x dx = dt we have Sum of two vectors,
I = # t6 dt av + bv = (2it + 2tj - kt) + (4it - 3tj + 2kt)

= 6it + kt - it + tj tj
= -i +
t
=
Required unit vector 2 2 2
av + bv = 6it + kt = 6it + kt 27. Write the value of cos-1 b 1 l - 2 sin-1 b- 1 l .

av + bv 62 + 12 36 + 1 2 2
Sol :
t t t
= 6i + k = 6 it + k
37 37 37 cos-1 b 1 l - 2 sin-1 b - 1 l = cos-1 b 1 l + 2 sin-1 b 1 l
2 2 2 2
25. Let R is the equivalence relation in the set p p
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides = + 2 sin a sin k
-1
3 6
(a - b)} . Write the equivalence class [0]. = p+2#p
3 6
Sol :
= + = 2p
p p
3 3 3
We have R = {(a, b): 2 divides (a - b)}
1 1 1
and A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} 28. Find the maximum value of 1 1 + sin q 1
Clearly, [0] = {b d A :(0, b) d R} 1 1 1 + cos q
Sol :
= {b d A : 2 divides (0 - b)}
1 1 1
= {b d A: 2 divides (- b)}
We have T = 1 1 + sin q 1
= {0, 2, 4} 1 1 1 + cos q
Expanding along first row i.e. R1 , we get
1 + sin q 1 1 1 1 1 + sin q
Section - C T=1
1 1 + cos q
-1
1 1 + cos q
+1
1 1
This section comprises of short answer = [(1 + sin q) (1 + cos q) - 1] - [1 + cos q - 1]

type questions (SA) of 3 marks each. + [1 - 1 - sin q]
26. Write a unit vector perpendicular to both the = 1 + cos q + sin q + sin q cos q - 1 - cos q - sin q
vectors av = it + tj + kt and bv = it + tj .
= sin q cos q
Sol :
= 1 (2 sin q cos q) = 1 sin 2q
First, determine perpendicular vectors of av and bv, 2 2
i.e. av # bv . Further, determine perpendicular unit Since maximum value of sin 2q is 1.
v v
vector by using formula a # b . T max = 1 # 1 = 1 .
av # bv 2 2
We have av = it + tj + kt
29. Evaluate # 2 cos x dx .
and bv = it + tj 3 sin2 x
Sol :
it tj kt
v v
Now a # b = 1 1 1 We have I = # 2 cos x dx
1 1 0 3 sin2 x
Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt we have
= it(0 - 1) - tj (0 - 1) + kt(1 - 1)
I =2 dt
#
=- it + tj 3t2
Unit vector perpendicular to both av and bv is given = 2 # dt2
3 t
by -1
= 2t +C
av # bv = - it + tj 3 (- 1)
av # bv (- 1) 2 + (1) 2 Substituting t = sin x we have
I = - 2 (sin x) -1 + C
3
= -2 + C dy
=
y sin (xy)
3 sin x dx sin 2y - x sin (xy)
=- 2 cosec x + C
3 At x = 1, y = p
4
4 sin ^1 $ 4 h
p p
dy
I = # 2 cos2x dx b dx l = sin 2 $ p - 1 sin 1 $ p
We have
3 sin x ^ 4h ^ 4h
sin ^ p4 h
p
= 2 # 1 $ cos x dx
4
=
3 sin x sin x sin ^ h - sin ^ p2 h
p
2
= 2 # cosec x cot x dx ^ h
p 1
4
3 = 2
1- 1
= 2 (- cosec x) + C
2
3 = p
4 ( 2 - 1)
30. Find the value of k , so that the following
functions is continuous at x=2 31. The volume of a sphere is increasing at the rate of
x3 - x2 - 16x + 20 , x ! 2 8 cm3/s. Find the rate of which its surface area is
. f (x) = * (x - 2) 2 increasing when the radius of the sphere is 12 cm.
k, x=2
or
or Show that the function f (x) = x3 - 3x2 + 6x - 100 is
dy increasing on R .
Find at x = 1, y = p if sin2 y + cos xy = K .
dx 4
Sol :
Sol : Let r be the radius, V be the volume and S be the
3 2
x - x - 16x + 20 , x ! 2 surface area of sphere.
We have f (x) = * (x - 2) 2 dV = 8 cm3 /s
We have
k, x=2 dt
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0 then we have Now V = 4 pr 3
3
LHL =RHL = f ^0 h ...(i) dV = 4 p $ 3r2 $ dr
dt 3 dt
3 2
Now lim f (x) = lim x + x - 16x2 + 20 8 = 4p # r 2 dr
x"2 x"2 (x - 2) dt
(x - 2) (x2 + 3x - 10) dr = 2 cm/s ...(1)
= lim dt pr 2
x"2 (x - 2) 2
Now, S = 4pr2
(x - 2) (x + 5) (x - 2)
= lim
x"2 (x - 2) 2 dS = d (4pr2)
dt dt
= lim (x + 5) = 2 + 5 = 7
x"2
= 4p # 2r $ dr
Since, f (x) is continuous at x = 2 . dt
= 8p r # 2 2 Using eq. (1)
lim f (x) = f (2) & 7 = k & k = 7
x"2 pr
or
= 16
r
We have, sin2 y + cos xy = K
dS 16 = 4 cm2 /s
Differentiating w.r.t. x , we get b dt l =
12 3
r = 12
d (sin2 y + cos xy) or
= d (K)
dx dx
We have f (x) = x3 - 3x2 + 6x - 100
d (sin2 y) + d (cos xy) =0
dx dx Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get
dy
2 sin y cos y + (- sin xy) d (xy) =0 f' (x) = 3x2 - 6x + 6
dx dx
dy dy = 3x2 - 6x + 3 + 3
sin 2y - sin xy (x + y $ 1) =0
dx dx = 3 (x2 - 2x + 1) + 3
dy dy
sin 2y - x sin xy = y sin xy = 3 (x - 1) 2 + 3
dx dx
For any x d R , 3 (x - 1) 2 + 3 > 0 because, a perfect 33. Maximise Z = 5x + 3y subject to the constraints:
square number cannot be negative. Thus given 3x + 5y # 15 ; 5x + 2y # 10 , x $ 0 , y $ 0 .
function f (x) is an increasing function on R . or
Minimize Z = 3x + 5y such that x + 3y $ 3 ,
x + y $ 2, x , y $ 0.
Section - D Sol :
This section comprises of long answer- Maximize Z = 5x + 3y
Subject to 3x + 5y # 15 (i)
32. Show that the differential equation
2 y
5x + 2y # 10 (ii)
:x sin a x k - yD dx + x dy = 0 is homogeneous.
and x $ 0, y $ 0
Find the particular solution of this differential
(i) Region corresponding to 3x + 5y # 15 :
equation, given that y = p , when x = 1.
4
Sol : Line 3x + 5y = 15
x 0 5 Point (0, 0) is true for
2 y
We have :x sin a x k - yD dx + x dy = 0 y 3 0
3x + 5y # 15 . So, the region
dy y y
= - sin2 a k ...(1)
dx x x (ii) Region corresponding to 5x + 2y # 10 :
which is a homogeneous differential equation as
dy y Line 5x + 2y = 10
= Fa k
dx x x 0 2 Point (0, 0) is true for
dy 5x + 2y # 10 . So, the region
Substituting y = vx & = v + x dv in eq (1) we y 5 0
dx dx
have
v + x dv = v - sin2 v first quadrant.
dx
x dv =- sin2 v common area. Clearly, feasible region is OBECO
dx
which is bounded. Solving equations 3x + 5y = 15
cosec2 v dv =- dx
x and 5x + 2y = 10 , we get E ( 1920 , 1945 ) . The corner
Integrating both sides, we have points of the feasible region are O (0, 0), B (0, 3),
E ( 1920 , 1945 ) and B (2, 0).
# cosec2 v dv + # dx
x
=0
- cot v + log x = C
y
- cot a k + log x = C
x
y = x $ cot-1 (log x - C) (2)
Also, given that y = p , when x = 1.
4
Substituting x = 1 and y = p in Eq. (2), we get
4
- cot a p k + log 1 = C & C = - 1
4
Substituting this value of C in Eq. (2), we get
y
- cot a k + log x =- 1
x
y
1 + log x - cot a k = 0
x Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we
which is the required particular solution of given
differential equation.

Corner Z = 5x + 3 y
O (0, 0) Z = 0+0 = 0
B ^0, 3h Z = 5#0+3#3 = 9
20 45
E( , )19 19 Z = 5 # 1920 + 3 # 1945 = 12.37
C ^2, 0h = 5 # 2 + 3 # 0 = 10
Hence the maximum value of Z is 12.37 is at
E ( 1920 , 1945 ) and the optimal solution is x = 1920 and
y = 19 45
.
or
34. Show that the line lines
Minimize Z = 3x + 5y
rv = (it + tj - kt) + l (3it - tj ) and
Subject to x + 3y $ 3 (i)
rv = (4it - kt) + m (2it + 3kt)
x+y $ 2 (ii) intersect. Also, find their point of intersection.
and x $ 0, y $ 0 Sol :
(i) Region corresponding to x + 3y H 3 :
Given lines can be rewritten as
Line x + 3y = 3 rv = (3l + 1) it + (1 - l) tj - kt ...(1)
x 0 3 Point (0, 0) is false for and rv = (4 + 2m) it + 0it + (3m - 1) kt ...(2)
x + 3y H 3 . So, the region is
y 1 0
away from the origin. Clearly, any point on line (1) is of the form
P (3l + 1, - l, - 1) and any point on line (2) is of
(ii) Region corresponding to x + y H 2 : the form Q (4 + 2m, 0, 3m - 1)
If line (1) and (2) intersect, then these points must
Line x + y = 2
coincide for some l and m .
x 0 2 Point (0, 0) is false for
Consider, 3l + 1 = 4 + 2m
x + y H 2 . So, the region is
y 2 0
away from the origin. 2l - 2m = 3 ...(3)
Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the 1-l = 0 ...(4)
first quadrant.
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the and 3m - 1 = - 1 ...(5)
common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABC which From Eq. (4), we get l = 1 and put the value of l
is open and unbounded region. Solving equations in Eq. (3), we get
x + 3y = 3 and x + y = 2 , we get B ( 32 , 12 ). The corner
3 (1) - 2m = 3
points of the feasible region are A (3, 0), B ( 32 , 12 ) and
C (0, 2). - 2m = 3 - 3 & m = 0
The values of objective function Z at these points Substituting the value of m in Eq. (5), we get
are as follows.
3 (0) - 1 = - 1 & 0 - 1 =- 1
Corner points Z = 3x + 5 y
- 1 = - 1, which is true
A (3, 0) Z = 3#3+0 = 9
Hence, both lines intersect each other.
B ( 32 , 12 ) Z = 3 # 23 + 5 # 12 = 7 The point of intersection of both lines can be
C (0, 2) Z = 3 # 0 + 5 # 2 = 10 obtained by putting l = 1 in coordinates of P . So,
the point of intersection is (3 + 1, 1 - 1, - 1), i.e.
Hence the minimum value of Z is 7 at B ( 32 , 12 ). (4, 0, - 1).
35. Find the value of # (1 + sincos x dx . Now, I = #0

p/2 x dx ...(1)
x) (2 + sin x) (sin x + cos x)
^ 2 - xh
p
p/2
or = # dx
a a 0 sin ( 2 - x) + cos ( p2 - x)
p
Prove that #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx . and hence
p/2 ( p2 - x)
p/2 x
I = #0 (cos x + sin x)
dx
evaluate #0 sin x + cos x
dx .
( p2 - x)
p/2
Sol : = #0(sin x + cos x)
dx ...(2)
x Adding Eqs. (1) and (2), we get

We have I = # (1 + sincos
x) (2 + sin x)
dx
2I = p dx
p/2
2
#0 sin x + cos x
Substituting sin x = t & cos x dx = dt we have
I = p #0 sin x dx
p/2
I = # (1 + tdt
) (2 + t)
...(i) 4 + cos x
= p #0
p/2 dx
4
Now 1 = A + B >
2 tan x2
+
1 - tan2 x2
H
(1 + t) (2 + t) 1+t 2+t 1 + tan2 x2 1 + tan2 x2
A (2 + t) + B (1 + t) sec2 x2
=p
p/2
= #0 dx
(1 + t) (2 + t) 4 1 - tan2 x2 + 2 tan x2
1 = 2A + tA + B + Bt 1 x
Substituting t = tan x & 2 sec2 2 dx = dt
2
1 = 1 (2A + B) + t (A + B)
Comparing the coefficients of t and constant term and x = 0 & t = 0 and x = p & t = 1
2
on both sides, we get
p
I = #
1 2 dt
2A + B = 1 and A + B = 0 4 0 (1 - t2 + 2t)
=p dt
1
A = 1 and B =- 1 #0 dt
4 [( 2 ) 2 - (t - 1) 2]
Thus 1 = 1 - 1
(1 + t) (2 + t) 1+t 2+t 2 + (t - 1)
1
= p $ 1 log
and I = # b 1 - 1 l dt 2 2 2 2 - (t - 1)
1+t 2+t 0
1 dt - # 1 dt = p log 2 +1
= # (1 + t) (2 + t) 4 2 2 -1
= log 1 + t - log 2 + t + C
= log 1 + t + C
Section - E
2+t
Now substituting t = sin x we have Case study based questions are compulsory.
I = log 1 + sin x + C 36. In apparels industries retailers have an interesting

2 + sin x conundrum facing them. On one hand, consumers
or are more drawn to hot promotional deals than ever
a a
before. The result of this is that they sell more
We have #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx units (of product) for less money, and this adversely
a impacts comp store sales.
Consider RHS # f (a - x) dx
0
Substituting t = a - x , then dt =- dx
Also, when x = 0 , then t = a and when x = a , then
t=0
a 0
Thus RHS #0 f (a - x) dx =- # f (t) dt
a
a
= # f (t) dt
0
= LHS Hence proved.

Arvind Fashions knows that the it can sell 1000 37. A market analysis is a quantitative and qualitative
shirts when the price is ` 400 per shirt and it can assessment of a market. It looks into the size of
sell 1500 shirts when the price is ` 200 a shirt. the market both in volume and in value, the
Determine various customer segments and buying patterns,
(i) the price function the competition, and the economic environment in
(ii) the revenue function terms of barriers to entry and regulation.
(iii) the marginal revenue function.
Sol :
(i) the price function
Since the demanded price is assumed to be linear,
let it be given by
p = a + bx
where p is the price per shirt and x is the quantity
demanded at this price.
Since, x = 1000 when p = 400 Based on the past marketing trends and his own
experience, marketing expert suggested to the
and x = 1500 when p = 200 concerned the segments of market for their products
as follows:
We have,400 = a + 1000b and 200 = a + 1500b
The first segment consisted of lower income
Solving these equations simultaneously for a and class, the second segment that of middle income
b, we obtain and the third segment that of high income. The
2 data based on the income of the consumers was
a = 800 and b =- 5
readily available. During a particular month in
Hence the demanded price is, particular year, the agent reported that for three
2x products of the company the following were the
p = 800 - 5 sales: There were 200 customers who bought all the
(ii) the revenue function three products, 240 customers who bought I and
III, 60 customers only products II and II and 80
The revenue function is
customers only products only III regardless of the
R (x) = px = d 800 - 5 n x
2x market segmentation groups.
Based on the market segmentation analysis, for
product I, the percentage for the income groups are
= 800x - 2x
2
5 given as (40%, 20% and 40%), for product II (30%,

(iii) the marginal revenue function. 20% and 50%), for product III (10%, 50% and 40%).
The marginal revenue function is, (i) Taking the suitable variable form the system of
equation that represent given problem.
dR (x)
MR = = 800 - 4x (ii) Using matrix method, find out the number of
dx 5
persons in the lower income, middle income and
higher income class in the region referred.
Sol :
The number of persons purchasing product I, II and
III can be put in the tabular form as:
I (200 + 240 + 80 + 120) = 640
II (200 + 60 + 80 + 220) = 560
III (200 + 60 + 240 + 80) = 580
Let the number of persons in the lower income
group, middle income group and higher income
group be x, y and z , respectively. Then the given
information can be put in the form of simultaneous
linear equations as: the probabilities corresponding to marital status

and sex of persons 18 years and over.14
0.4x + 0.2y + 0.4z = 640
2x + y + 2z = 3200 (i) Sex Marital Status
(R) (N) (W) (D)
0.3x + 0.2y + 0.5z = 560
(M) 0.282 0.147 0.013 0.043
3x + 2y + 5z = 5600 (ii)
(F) 0.284 0.121 0.050 0.060
0.1x + 0.5y + 0.4z = 580
R& Married
x + 5y + 4z = 5800 (iii) N& Never married
The above system of equations can be written in W& Widowed
matrix form as: D& Discovered or separated
R VR V R V M& Male
S2 1 2WSx W S3200W
S3 2 5WSy W = S5600W F& Male
SS1 5 4WWSSz WW SS5800WW Suppose a U.S. resident 18 years or older is selected
T XT X T X at random.
or AX = B (i) Find the probability that the person is female
A = 2 (8 - 25) - 1 (12 - 5) + 2 (15 - 2) and widowed.
Here
(ii) Suppose the person is male. What is the
=- 34 - 7 + 26 = - 15 probability that he was never married?
Since A ! 0 thus A-1 exists, so that the unique (iii) Suppose the person is married. What is the
solution of AX = B is X = A-1 B . probability that the person is female?
R V
S- 17 6 1W Sol :
adj . A
Here, A-1 = = 1 S -7 6 - 4W First we prepare following table
A - 15 SS
13 - 9 1WW
Rx V T X
S W sex Marital Status Total
-1
Sy W = X = A B (R) (N) (W) (D)
SSz WW
T X R VR V Male (M) 0.282 0.147 0.013 0.043 0.485
S- 17 6 1WS3200W Female (F) 0.284 0.121 0.050 0.060 0.515
= 1 S -7 6 - 4WS5600W
- 15 SS
13 - 9 1WWSS5800WW Total 0.566 0.268 0.063 0.103 1.000
RT XT X V
Rx V (i) The keyword is and, which means intersection.
S W S- 54400 + 33600 + 5800 W
Sy W = - 1 S- 22400 + 33600 - 23200W The probability of female (F) and widowed (W) is
15 SS
SSz WW 41600 - 50400 5800 WW found by reading the appropriate cell.
T X TR V R V X
P (F + W) = 0.050
S- 15000W S1000W
= - 1 S- 12000W = S 800 W (ii) The keyword is suppose. That suggests
15 SS
- 3000 WW SS 200 WW conditional probability. The extra information is
T X T X male.
x = 1000 , y = 800 and z = 200
P (N + M)
Hence, the number of persons in the lower income, P (N | M) = = 0.147 = 0.303
P (M) 0.485
middle income and higher income class in the region
referred are 1000, 800 and 200 respectively. (iii) This is another conditional probability. This
time, the event R is given.
38. The U.S. Constitution directs the government to P (F + R)
conduct a census of the population every 10 years. P (F | R) = = 0.284 = 0.502
P (R) 0.566
Population totals are used to allocate congressional
seats, electoral votes, and funding for many
government programs. The U.S. Census Bureau also ***********
compiles information related to income and poverty,
living arrangements for children, and marital
status. The following joint probability table lists

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
x2 + 1 x 1 0
Section - A => H = >0 1 H
x 1
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. Equating the corresponding elements, we get x = 0
Thus option (b) is correct.
1. The projection of av = 3it - tj + 5kt on bv = 2it + 3tj + kt
is 2
dy
3. If x = 2 at 3 and y = 2 at 3 2 , then is equal to
1+t (1 + t ) dx
(a) 8 (b) 8
35 39 (a) ax (b) a2 x2
8
(c) (d) 14 (c) x (d) x
14 a 2a
Sol : Sol :
v v
The projection of av on bv = a $ b
2
x = 2at 3 and y = 2at 3 2
bv 1+t (1 + t )
(3it - tj + 5kt) $ (2it + 3tj + kt) dy
= = 8 2ay = x2 & =x
22 + 32 + 12 4 dx a
Thus option (c) is correct.
Thus option (c) is correct.
x 1 4. A sphere increases its volume at the rate of p cm3/s.
2. If A = > H and A2 is the identity matrix, then x is The rate at which its surface area increases, when
1 0
the radius is 1 cm is
equal to (a) 2p sq cm/s (b) p sq cm/s
(a) - 1 (b) 0
(c) 3p sq cm/s (d) p sq cm/s
(c) 1 (d) 2 2 2
Sol : Sol :
Let volume of sphere,
x 1
We have A => H
1 0 V = 4 pr 3
3
x 1 x 1
Now, A2 = > H> H dV = 4pr2 dr
1 0 1 0 dt dt
p = 4pr2 dr
a a
dV = p 7. If #0 f (2a - x) dx = m and #0 f (x) dx = n , then
dt dt
2a
dr = 1 #0 f (x) dx is equal to
...(i)
dt 4r2
(a) 2m + n (b) m + 2n
Now, dS = d (4pr2) (c) m - n (d) m + n
dt dt
Sol :
= 4p a2r dr k
dt 2a a
dS #0 f (x) dx = #0 {f (2a - x) + f (x)} dx
b dt l = 4p b 2 $ 1 $ 1 l = 2p cm2/s
r=1
4 a a
[from Eq. (i)]

= #0 f (2a - x) dx + #0 f (x) dx = m + n
Thus option (a) is correct. Thus option (d) is correct.
p/2 sin x - cos x dx is equal to 8. The given figure shows a TAOB and the parabola
5. #0 1 + sin x cos x y = x2 . The ratio of the area of the TAOB to the
area of the region AOB of the parabola y = x2 is
(a) 0 (b) p
4 equal to
(c) p (d) p
2
Sol :
We have
I = sin x - cos x dx
#0
p/2
...(i)
1 + sin x cos x
sin a p - x k - cos a p - x k
p/2 2 2
I = # dx
0
1 + sin a - x k cos a p - x k
p
2 2
9a f (a - x) dx C
a a
#0 f (x) dx = #0
= #0
p/2 cos x - sin x dx ...(ii)
1 + cos x sin x
p p
9a sin a 2 - x k = cos x and cos a 2 - x k = sin x C (a) 3 (b) 3
5 4
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
(c) 7 (d) 5
8 6
2I = #0
p/2 0 dx = 0 & I = 0
1 + sin x cos x
Sol :
Thus option (a) is correct.
a2
1 ax - 1 2 Area of curve AOB = 2 # x dy
3a # b a - 1 l dx is equal to
0
6.
0
(a) a - 1 + (a - 1) -2 (b) a + a-2

(c) a - a2 (d) a2 + 12
a
Sol :
1
(ax - 1) 3
3a # b ax - 1 l dx = 3a 2 ; 1
E
1 2
a-1 3 # a 0
0 (a - 1)
= 1 [(a - 1) 3 + 1]
(a - 1) 2
= (a - 1) + (a - 1) -2
Thus option (a) is correct.
=2#
a2
y dy 11. If x is real, then minimum value of x2 - 8x + 17 is
0
(a) - 1 (b) 0
a2
y3/2
= 2= G (c) 1 (d) 2
3/2 0
Sol :
= 4 [a3]
3
Let f ^x h = x2 - 8x + 17
Now, area of TAOB = 1 # AB # OC
2
1 f ' ^x h = 2x - 8
= # 2a # a2 = a3
2 So, f ' ^x h = 0 , gives x = 4
3
Area of TAOB = a =3
Area of curve AOB 4 a3 4 Now, f '' ^x h = 2 2 0 , 6x
3
So, x = 4 is the point of local minima.
Minimum value of f ^x h at x = 4 ,
9. The angle between the lines x = 1, y = 2 and
y =- 1, z = 0 is f ^4 h = 4 # 4 - 8 # 4 + 17 = 1
(a) 30c (b) 60c Thus option (c) is correct.
(c) 90c (d) 0c 12. y = 2e2x - e-x is a solution of the differential
equation
Sol :
(a) y2 + y1 + 2y = 0 (b) y2 - y1 + 2y = 0
Given lines are
(c) y2 + y1 = 0 (d) y2 - y1 - 2y = 0
x - 1 = y - 2 = z and
0 0 1 Sol :
x = y+1 = z
1 0 0 Given y = 2e2x - e-x
cos q = 0 $ 1 + 0 $ 0 + 1 $ 0 y1 = 4e2x + e-x & y2 = 8e2x - e-x
= 0 & q = 90c y2 = 4e2x + e-x + 4e2x - 2e-x
Thus option (c) is correct. y2 = y1 + 2 (2e2x - e-x )
y2 = y1 + 2y & y2 - y1 - 2y = 0
dy 3/2 d3 y
10. Order of the equation b1 + 5 l = 10 3 is 13. If P Âh = 0.5 , P ^B h = 0.4 and P Â k B h = 0.3 ,
dx dx
(a) 2 (b) 3 then P b A' l is equal to
B
(c) 1 (d) 0
(a) 1 (b) 1
3 2
Sol :
(c) 2 (d) 3
Given, 3 4
dy 3/2 d3 y Sol :
b1 + 5 dx l = 10 3
dx P Â' k B'h P Â j B h '
On squaring both sides, we get P Â'/B'h = =
P ^B'h P ^B'h
dy 3 d3 y 2
b1 + 5 dx l = 100 c 3 m 1 - P Â j B h
dx =
1 - P ^B h
dy 3 dy dy d3 y 2 1 - 8P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B hB
1 + 125 b l + 15 b1 + 5 l = 100 c 3 m
dx dx dx dx =
1 - P ^B h
Clearly, the order of highest derivative occurring in
the differential equation is 3. Hence, the order of 1 - 60.5 + 0.4 - 0.3@ 0.4 2
= = =
given differential equation is 3. 1 - 0.4 0.6 3
Thus option (b) is correct. Thus option (c) is correct.
14. If at, bt and ct are unit vectors such that av + bv + cv = 0. Sol :

Then, which one of the following is correct? Given,
(a) av # bv = bv # cv = cv # av = 0 3 sin px , x ! 0
(b) av # bv = bv # cv = cv # av ! 0 f (x) = * 5x
2k, x=0
(c) av # bv = bv # cv = av # cv = 0
(d) av # bv , bv # cv , cv # av are mutually perpendicular. x"0 x"0 5x
= lim a sin px k # p = 3 # 1 # p = 3 p
3
Sol : 5 x"0 px 5 5
Given, Also, f (0) = 2k
Since, f (x) is continuous at x = 0 .
av + bv + cv = 0
Taking cross product of both sides, we get f (0) = lim f (x) & 2k = 3 p & k = 3p
x"0 5 10
(av + bv + cv) # av = 0 # av Thus option (b) is correct.
av # av + bv # av + cv # av = 0
0 + bv # av + cv # av = 0
- av # bv + cv # av = 0
av # bv = cv # av
Similarly, bv # cv = cv # av
17. For two events A and B , if P Âh = P b A l = 1 and
av # bv = bv # cv = cv # av ! 0 B 4
P b B l = 1 , then
Thus option (b) is correct. A 2
(a) A and B are independent events
15. The line joining the points (1, 1, 2) and (3, - 2, 1)
meets the planes 3x + 2y + z = 6 at the point (b) P b A' l = 3
B 4
(a) (1, 1, 2) (b) (3, - 2, 1)
(c) P b B' l = 1
(c) (2, - 3, 1) (d) (3, 2, 1) A 2
Sol : (d) All of the above

The straight line joining the points (1, 1, 2) and Sol :
(3, - 2, 1) is
Given,
x-1 = y-1 = z-2 = r [say]
2 -3 -1 P b B l = 1 & P ^B k Ah = 1
A 2 8
Then, the point is (2r + 1, 1 - 3r, 2 - r) which lies
on and P b A l = 1 & P ^B h = 1
B 4 2
3x + 2y + z = 6 1
P Â k B h = = P Âh $ P ^B h
3 (2r + 1) + 2 (1 - 3r) + 2 - r = 6 & r = 1 8
So, the required point is (3, - 2, 1). So, events are independent.
Thus option (b) is correct. P Â' k B h P Â k B h 3
Now, P b A' l = = =
B P ^B h P ^B h 4
3 sin px , x ! 0 P Â k B'h P Âh - P Â k B h 1
16. If f (x) = * 5x is continuous at x = 0 , and P b B' l =
A P Âh
=
P Âh
=
2
2 k, x=0
(a) p (b) 3p 18. The area bounded by y = sin x , X -axis and the
10 10 lines x = p is
(c) 3p (d) 3p (a) 2 sq units (b) 3 sq units
2 5
(c) 4 sq units (d) None of these
Sol : R 1 - 2 2V
S W
p
Required area = 2 # sin x dx 20. Assertion : The matrix A = 1 S- 2 1 2W is an
3S
0 orthogonel matrix. S- 2 - 2 - 1WW
T then ABX is also
Reason : If A and B are orthagonal,
orthegonal.
(c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, reason is true.
Sol :
As we know that, if A and B are orthogonal matrix,
then AB is also orthegonal matrix. So given Reason
is true.
= 2 [- cos x] p0 = 2 [1 + 1] = 4 sq unit
R 1 - 2 2V
Thus option (c) is correct. S W
given that. A = 1 S- 2 1 2W
R3 - 3 4V 3S
S W S- 2 - 2 - 1WW
19. Assertion : If A = S2 - 3 4W , then adj (adj A) = A. T X
R 1 - 2 - 2V
SS0 - 1 1WW S W
T X now, A1 = 1 S- 2 1 - 2W
Reason : adj (adj A) = A (n - 1) , where A be n
2 3S
S 2 2 - 1WW
rowed non-singular matrix. T X
R 1 - 2 2V R 1 - 2 - 2V
(a) Assertion is true, reason is true, reason is a S W S W
correct explanation for assertion. So, AAl = 1 S- 2 1 2W $ 1 S- 2 1 - 2W
3S 3S
S- 2 - 2 - 1WW S 2 2 - 1WW
(b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a T X T X
correct explanation for assertion. R 1 + 4 + 4 - 2 - 2 + 4 - 2 + 4 - 2V
S W
(c) Assertion is true, reason is false. = 1 S- 2 - 2 + 4 4 + 1 + 4 4 - 2 - 2W
9S
S- 2 + 4 - 2 4 - 2 - 2 4 + 4 + 1WW
(d) Assertion is false, reason is true. T X
R9 0 0V R1 0 0V
Sol : S W S W
= 1 S0 9 0W = S0 1 0W = I
As we know that, adj (adj A) = A n - 2 A 9S
S0 0 9WW SS0 0 1WW
So given Reason is false. T X T X
So, A is orthogonal matrix.
R3 - 3 4V
S W Hence, Both Assertion and reason are true but
Given that, A = S2 - 3 4W reason is not a correct explanation for assertion.
SS0 - 1 1WW
T X3 # 3
here, n =3
So. adj (adj A) = A 3-2
A Section - B
= AA
now, A = 3 (- 3 + 4) + 3 (2 - 0) + 4 (- 2) type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each.
= 3+6-8 = 1 21. Find the vector equation of the line passing through
now, adj (adj A) = (1) A the point A (1, 2, - 1) and parallel to the line
5x - 25 = 14 - 7y = 35z .
=A
Sol :
Hence, Assertion is true; reason is false.
Thus option (c) is correct. We have 5x - 25 = 14 - 7y = 35z .
x-5 = 2-y = z ex tan y dx = ^1 - ex h sec2 y dy

1/5 1/7 1/35
^1 - e h sec y dy =- e tan y dx
x 2 x
x-5 = y-2 = z
1/5 - 1/7 1/35 Separating the variables, we get
Direction ratio of the given line are 1 , - 1 , 1 . sec2 y x
dy =- e x dx
5 7 35 tan y 1-e
Direction ratio of a line parallel to the given line are Integrating both sides, we get
1, -1, 1 .
2
y
# sec
x
5 7 35
The required equation of a line passing through the tan y
dy = # ex e- 1 dx + C
point A (1, 2, - 1) and parallel to the given line is
log tan y = log ex - 1 + log C
x-1 = y-2 = z+1
1/5 - 1/7 1/35 log tan y = log ex - 1 + log C
or tan y
log = log C
The x -coordinate of point on the line joining the ex - 1
points P (2, 2, 1) and Q (5, 1, - 2) is 4. Find its z tan y
-coordinate. =C
ex - 1
Sol : tan y = C êx - 1h
The equation of the line joining the points P (2, 2, 1) tan y = C êx - 1h is the required solution.
and Q (5, 1, - 2) is
x-2 = y-2 = z-1 24. If P ^not Ah = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7 and P ^B/Ah = 0.5 ,
5-2 1 - 2 -2 - 1
then find P Â/B h .
x-2 = y-2 = z-1
3 -1 -3 Sol :
Since at a point, x -coordinate is 4, we have
We have P Â'h = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7
4 - 2 = z - 1 & z =- 1
3 -3 and P b B l = 0.5
A
22. Show that the function f (x) = x3 - 3x2 + 3x , x d R Now P Âh = 1 - P Â'h
is increasing on R .
= 1 - 0.7 = 03
Sol :
P Â k B h
We know that, a continuous function y = f (x) is Now, Pb B l =
A P Âh
dy
said to be increasing on R , if $ 0 , 6x d R .
dx P Â k B h
0.5 =
3 2 0.3
We have y = x - 3x + 3 x
P Â k B h = 0.15
P Â k B h 0.15
dy Pb A l = =
dx
= 3x2 - 6x + 3 B P ^B h 0.7
= 3 (x2 - 2x + 1) Thus Pb A l = 3
B 14
= 3 (x - 1) 2
Here 3 (x - 1) 2 $ 0 for all real values of x , i.e. 25. Maximize Z = x + y ,
6x d R . Thus dx dy
$ 0 , 6x d R . Hence, the given subject to x - y # - 1 , x + y # 0 , x , y $ 0 .
function is increasing on R .
Sol :
23. Find the general solution of following equation Maximize Z = x+y
ex tan y dx + ^1 - ex h sec2 y dy = 0
Subject to x - y #- 1 ...(i)
Sol :
Given differential equation is x+y # 0
ex tan y dx + ^1 - ex h sec2 y dy = 0 and x $ 0, y $ 0

(i) Region corresponding to x - y # - 1 : dy

= 1 - 4 = 1 - 4
dx 1 + x ^2 + x h2 1 + x ^2 + x h2
Line x - y =- 1
-1
^2 + x h2 - 4 ^1 + x h
x 0 Point (0, 0) is false for =
x - y # - 1. So, the region is ^1 + x h^2 + x h2
y 1 0
away from the origin. 2
= 4 + x + 4x - 4 -2 4x
(ii) Region corresponding to x + y # 0 : ^1 + x h^2 + x h
= x2
Line x + y = 0
^1 + x h^2 + x h2
x 0 2 Point (0, - 2) is true for x + y # 0 .
So, the region includes point For x 2- 1, x2 2 0 , ^2 + x h2 2 0
y 0 2
(0, - 2). and 1+x 2 0
f ' ^x h 2 0 , x 2- 1
first quadrant.
Hence, f ^x h is increasing function when x 2- 1
throughout its domain.
common area. Here we get no feasible region
(constraints are inconsistent). Hence, Z has no
maximum value. 27. Show that the modulus function f | R " R , given
by f ^x h = 6x @ , is neither one-one nor onto, where
x is x , if x is positive or 0 and x is - x , if x is
negative.
Sol :
Let x1 = 3 and x2 = - 3
Given: f ^x h = x
f ^x1h = x1
f ^3 h = 3 = 3
and f ^x2h = x2
f ^- 3h = - 3 = 3
Clearly, f ^x1h = f ^x2h but x1 ! x2
So, f is not one-one function.
Let f ^x h =- 2 d R , then x = - 2 which is not
Section - C possible as there is no value of x corresponding to
which x = - 2 .
This section comprises of short answer So, f is not onto function.
type questions (SA) of 3 marks each. Hence, f is neither one-one nor onto.
or
26. Show that y = log ^1 + x h - 2x , x 2- 1 is an
2+x Show that the Signum function of f | R " R ,
increasing function of x throughout its domain. given by
Sol : 1, if x 2 0
f ^x h = * 0, if x = 0
Here y = log ^1 + x h - 2x , x 2- 1 - 1, if x 1 0
2+x
is neither one-one nor onto.
dy ^2 + x h $ 2x $ 1
= 1 -> H
dx 1+x ^2 + x h2 Sol :
dy Let x1 = 3 2 0 and x2 = 2 2 0 d R
= 1 - = 4 + 2x - 22x G
dx 1+x ^2 + x h Then f ^x1h = f ^3 h = 1
and f ^x2h = f ^4 h = 1 = 1 units,

6
Clearly, f ^x1h = f ^x2h but x1 ! x2
which is the required shortest distance.
So, f is not one-one function.
Let f ^x h = 5 d R , there is no value of x for which 29. Maximise and minimise Z = x + 2y subject to the
f ^x h = 5 as the range of f is "- 1, 0, 1, . constraints
So, f is onto function. x + 2y $ 100
Hence, f is neither one-one nor onto function.
2x - y # 0
28. Find the shortest distance between the lines
x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 and x - 2 = y - 4 = z - 5 . 2x + y # 200
2 3 4 3 4 5
x, y $ 0
Sol : Solve the above LPP graphically.
x-1 = y-2 = z-3 Sol :

We have
2 3 4
We have to minimise and maximise
x - 2 y-4 z-5
and = = Z = x + 2y
3 4 5
Comparing the given equations of lines with Subject to constraints,
standard form we have
x + 2y $ 100 ...(i)
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
a1 b1 c1 2x - y # 0 ...(ii)
and x - x2 = y - y2 = z - z2 .
a2 b2 c2 2x + y # 200 ...(iii)
we get x1 = 1, y1 = 2 , z1 = 3 ; and x $ 0, y $ 0
a1 = 2 , b1 = 3 , c1 = 4 (i) Region corresponding to x + 2y $ 100 :
and x2 = 2 , y2 = 4 , z2 = 5 ; Line x + 2y = 100
a2 = 3 , b2 = 4 , c2 = 5 x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is false for

y 50 0 x + 2y $ 100 . So, the region is
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 2-1 4-2 5-3 away from the origin.
Now a1 b1 c1 = 2 3 4
a2 b2 c2 3 4 5 (ii) Region corresponding to 2x - y # 0 :
1 2 2 Line 2x - y = 0
= 2 3 4
x 0 10 Point ^0, 5h is true for 2x - y # 0 ,
3 4 5
y 0 20 thus region includes ^0, 5h and
= 1 (15 - 16) - 2 (10 - 12) + 2 (8 - 9) towards y axis.
=- 1 + 4 - 2 = 1
(iii) Region corresponding to 2x + y # 200 :
Now, (b1 c2 - b2 c1) 2 + (c1 a2 - c2 a1) 2 + (a1 b2 - a2 b1) 2
Line 2x + y = 200
= (3 # 5 - 4 # 4) 2 + (4 # 3 - 5 # 2) 2 + (2 # 4 - 3 # 3) 2
x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is true for
= 2
(15 - 16) + (12 - 10) + (8 - 9) 2 2
y 200 0 2x + y # 200 . So, the region is
towards the origin.
2 2 2
= (- 1) + (2) + (- 1)
= 1+4+1 = 6 first quadrant.
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
a1 b1 c1 common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABCDA.
a2 b2 c2 Solving equations 2x - y = 0 and x + 2y = 100 , we
SD = get B ^20, 40h . Again, solving equations 2x - y = 0
(b1 c2 - b2 c1) 2 + (c1 a2 - c2 a1) 2 + (a1 b2 - a2 b1) 2 and 2x + y = 200 , we get C ^50, 100h . The corner
points of the feasible region are A ^0, 50h , B ^20, 40h , 2 3

C ^50, 100h and D ^0, 200h . Now, A = = - 8 - 3 =- 11 ! 0
1 -4
1 -2
B = = 3-2 = 1 ! 0
-1 3
-1 5
and AB = = 14 - 25 =- 11 ! 0
5 - 14
Thus, A, B and AB are non-singular matrices, so
their inverse exists.
-4 -3
adj (A) = >
-1 2 H
Now,
3 2
adj (B) = > H
1 1
- 14 - 5
adj (AB) = >
- 5 - 1H
and
(AB) -1 = 1 adj (AB)

AB
1 - 15 - 5
- 11 > - 5 - 1 H
=
14 5
(AB) -1 = 1 >
11 5 1H
...(i)
can check the profit function at all the vertices to
find the maxima. The values of Z at corner points A-1 = 1 adj (A)
A
are given below
1 -4 -3
- 11 >- 1 2 H
Corner points Z = x + 2y =
A ^0, 50h Z = 0 + 2 # 50 = 100
4 3
A-1 = 1 >
B ^20, 40h Z = 20 + 2 # 40 = 100 11 1 - 2H
C ^50, 100h Z = 50 + 2 # 100 = 250
and B-1 = 1 adj (B)
D ^0, 200h Z = 0 + 2 # 200 = 400 B
The maximum value of Z is 400 at D ^0, 200h and 3 2 3 2
= 1>
1 1 1 H >1 1 H
the minimum value of Z is 100 at the points on the =
line segment joining A ^0, 50h and B ^20, 40h .
3 2 4 3
B-1 A-1 = > H 1 >
1 1 11 1 - 2H
Now,
2 3 1 -2
30. If A = > H , B=>
-1 3 H
, verify that
1 -4 3 2 4 3
= 1 > H>
(AB) -1 -1
=B A . -1 11 1 1 1 - 2H
Sol : 12 + 2 9 - 4
= 1>
11 4 + 1 3 - 2H
2 3 1 -2
We have, A = >
1 - 4H
and B = >
-1 3 H 14 5
= 1>
11 5 1H
2 3 1 -2
AB = >
1 - 4H>- 1 3 H = (AB) -1 [from Eq. (i)]
2 - 3 -4 + 9 -1 5 Hence, (AB) -1 = B-1 A-1 .

=>
1 + 4 - 2 - 12H > 5 - 14H
=
31. Find #
(2x - 5) e2x
(2x - 3) 3
dx . Section - D
Sol : This section comprises of long answer-
(2x - 5) e2x
We have I = # dx
(2x - 3) 3 32. Using integration, find the area of the region
(2x - 3 - 2) e2x bounded by the triangle whose vertices are ^- 1, 0h ,
= #
(2x - 3) 3
dx ^1, 3h and ^3, 2h .
# e2x e2x Sol :

= 2 dx - 2 # dx
(2x - 3) (2x - 3) 3
Let A ^- 1, 0h , B ^1, 3h and ^3, 2h be the vertices of
= # e2x (2x - 3) -2 dx - 2 # e2x (2x - 3) -3 dx the TABC .
Using integration by parts technique we get
d
I = (2x - 3) -2 # e2x dx - # & dx (2x - 3) # e dx 0 dx
-2 2x
- 2 # e2x (2x - 3) -3 dx
2x 2x
= (2x - 3) -2 e - # - 2 (2x + 3) -3 # 2 # e dx
2 2
- 2 # e2x (2x - 3) -3 dx
e2x (2x - 3) -2
= + 2 # e2x (2x - 3) -3 dx
2
- 2 # e2x (2x - 3) -3 dx
e2x (2x - 3) -2
= +C
2
or
Evaluate # x sin-1 x dx .
Equation of AB is
1 - x2
Sol : y - 3 = 3 - 0 ^x + 1h
1+1
x sin-1 x dx
We have I = # y = 3 ^x + 1h
1 - x2 2
Equation of BC is
Substituting sin-1 x = t we get
1 y - 3 = 2 - 3 ^x - 1h
dx = dt 3-1
1 - x2
Thus I = # t sin tdt y - 3 =- 1 ^x - 1h
2
Using integration by parts, taking t as the first
function and sin t as the second function, we get y =- 1 ^x - 1h + 3
2
I = # tI sinII t dt
y = -x + 7
2
= t # sin t dt - # : d (t) $ # sin t dtD dt Equation of AC is
dt
=- t cos t - # (1 # - cos t) dt
y - 0 = 2 - 0 ^x + 1h & y = 1 ^x + 1h
3+1 2
=- t cos t + # cos tdt
Required area of the shaded region is
=- t cos t + sin t + C
Area of ABEA + Area of BCDEB - Area of ACDA
=- t 1 - sin2 t + sin t + C 1 3 3
-1
Substituting t = sin x & x = sin t we have
= #-1yAB dx + #1 yBC dx - #-1yAC dx
I =- sin-1 x 1 - x2 + x + C
= #-1 32 ^x + 1hdx + #1
1 3 - x + 7 dx - 3 1 x + 1 dx
#-1 2 ^ h x =0
2
2 1 2 3 2 3
y =1
= 3 :x + x D + 1 :- x + 7x D - 1 :x + x D Coordinates of B are ^0, 1h .
2 2 -1 2 2 1 2 2 -1
Required area = Area of OBCDO

= 3 ;b 1 + 1l - b 1 - 1lE + 1 ;b- 9 + 21l - b- 1 + 7 lE
2 2 2 2 2 2
- Area of OBADO
- 1 ;b 9 + 3 l - b 1 - 1lE 4 4
2 2 2 = #0 yBC dx - #0 yBA dx
= 3 : 3 + 1 D + 1 : 33 - 13 D - 1 :15 + 1 D
^3x + 1h dx - ^2x + 1h dx
4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 = #0 #0
= 3 # 2 + 1 # 10 - 1 # 8 2 4
= : 3 x2 + x D - :2 $ x + x D
4
2 2 2
2 0
2 0
= 3 + 5 - 4 = 4 sq. units
Hence, the required area = 4 sq. units. = ;b 3 # 16 + 4 l - ^0 + 0hE - 6^16 + 4h - ^0 + 0h@
2
or = ^24 + 4h - ^16 + 4h
Using integration, find the area of the triangular
region whose have the equation y = 2x + 1, = 28 - 20 = 8 sq. units
y = 3x + 1 and x = 4 . Hence, the required area = 8 sq. units.
Sol : Choose the correct answer in the following Exercises
6 and 7.
Let the equation of sides of TABC be
2 2
AB | y = 2x + 1 33. If y = tan-1 e 1 + x2 + 1 - x2 o , x2 # 1, then find
1+x - 1-x
BC | y = 3x + 1 dy/dx .
and AC | x = 4 Sol :
2 2
We have y = tan-1 e 1 + x2 + 1 - x2 o ...(1)
1+x - 1-x
Substituting x2 = sin q & q = sin-1 x2 we have
1 + x2 = 1 + sin q
= cos2 q + sin2 q + 2 sin q cos q

2 2 2 2
q q 2
= b cos 2 + sin 2 l
or 1 + x2 = b cos q + sin q l ...(2)

2 2
Similarly
1 - x2 = b cos q - sin q l ...(3)

2 2
Solving the equation of AB and AC, we get Adding eq (1) and (2) we have
x = 4 and y = 2 # 4 + 1 = 9 1 + x2 + 1 - x2 = 2 cos q ...(4)

2
Coordinates of A are ^4, 9h . Subtracting eq (2) from (1) we have
Solving equation of BC and AC, we get
1 + x2 - 1 - x2 = 2 sin q ...(5)
2
x = 4 , and y = 3 # 4 + 1 = 13 Substituting eq (4) and (5) we have
Coordinates of C or are ^4, 13h . dy 2 cos 2q q
= tan-1 e o = tan b cot 2 l
-1
Solving equations of AB and BC, we get 1 - x2
dx 2 sin 2q
3x + 1 = 2x + 1
= tan-1 ;tan b p - q lE - h (h + 1)
= lim = - (0 + 1) = - 1
2 2 h"0 h
LHD = RHD
=p-q
2 2 So, f (x) is differentiable at x = 2 .
p
y = - 1 sin-1 x2
2 2 Hence, f (x) is not differentiable at x = 1, but it
differentiable at x = 2 .
34. Using vectors, find the area of the TABC , whose
dy
=- 1 1 (2x) vertices are A (1, 2, 3), B (2, - 1, 4) and C (4, 5, - 1).
dx 2 1 - (x2) 2
Sol :
dy -x
or =
dx 1 - x4 As per question the TABC , whose vertices are
A (1, 2, 3), B (2, - 1, 4) and C (4, 5, - 1) is shown
or
below.
Find whether the following function is differentiable
at x = 1 and x = 2 or not.
x, x11
f (x) = * 2 - x, 1#x#2
- 2 + 3x - x2, x 2 2
Sol :
x, x11
Given, f (x) = * 2 - x, 1#x#2
- 2 + 3x - x2, x 2 2
Position vectors of the vectors A, B and C of
Differentiability at x = 1 TABC are
f (1 - h) - f (1) $
LHD = lim OA = it + 2tj + 3kt,
h"0 -h
$
(1 - h) - [2 - (1)] OB = 2it - tj + 4kt
= lim = lim - h = 1
h"0 -h h"0 -h
$
f (1 + h) - f (1) and OC = 4it + 4tj - kt
RHD = lim
h"0 h $ $ $
2 - (1 + h) - (2 - 1) Now, AB = OB - OA
= lim
h"0 h
= (2it - tj + 4kt) - (it + 2tj + 3kt)
= lim - h =- 1
h"0 h = it - 3tj + kt
LHD ! RHD $ $ $
So, f (x) is not differentiable at x = 1. and AC = OC - OA

Differentiability at x = 2 = (4it + 4tj - kt) - (it + 2tj + 3kt)
f (2 - h) - f (2)
LHD = lim = (3it + 3tj - 4kt)
h"0 -h
2 - (2 - h) - (2 - 2) it tj kt
= lim
h"0 -h Now,
$ $
AB # AC = 1 - 3 1
= lim h =- 1 3 3 -4
h"0 -h
f (2 + h) - f (2) = it(12 - 3) - tj (- 4 - 3) + kt(3 + 9)

RHD = lim
h"0 h
= 9it + 7tj + 12kt
- 2 + 3 (2 + h) - (2 + h) 2 - (2 - 2)
= lim
h"0 h and
$ $
AB # AC = (9) 2 + (7) 2 + (12) 2
- 2 + 6 + 3h - (4 + h2 + 4h) - 0
= lim = 81 + 49 + 144 = 274
h"0 h
2
= lim - h - h Area of TABC is given by
h"0 h
T = 1 AB # AC
$ $
a (x - 1) + b (y + 1) + c (z - 1) = 0 ...(3)
2
where, a , b and c are direction ratios of normal and
= 1 274 sq units (1, - 1, 1) is the point on the line (1).
2
As, plane contains the intersecting lines, so normal
or to the plane is perpendicular to both the lines.
- y+1 z-1 y-k
If lines x 1 = = and x - 3 = =z 2a + 3b + 4c = 0
2 3 4 1 2 1
intersect, then find the value of k and hence, find and a+2+c = 0 a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0
the equation of the plane containing these lines.
a = b = c
Sol : 3-8 4-2 4-3
a =b =c
Given equation of lines are -5 2 1
x-1 = y+1 = z-1 Hence, the required equation of the plane is
...(1)
2 3 4
- 5 (x - 1) + 2 (y + 1) + 1 (z - 1) = 0
and x-3 = y-k = z ...(2)
1 2 1 - 5x + 5 + 2y + 2 + z - 1 = 0
Since, these lines intersect each other, therefore the 5x - 5 - 2y - 2 - z + 1 = 0
shortest distance between them will be zero.
Now, comparing these lines with standard form, 5x - 2y - z = 6
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1 35. Let N denote the set of all natural numbers and R

a1 b1 c1 be the relation on N # N defined by â, b h R ^c, d h if
and x - x2 = y - y2 = z - z2 , ad ^b + c h = bc â + d h . Show that R is an equivalence
a2 b2 c2 relation.
we get x1 = 1, y1 =- 1, z1 = 1
Sol :
x2 = 3 , y2 = k , z2 = 0
Given â, b h R ^c, d h as ad ^b + c h = bc â + d h
a1 = 2 , b1 = 3 , c1 = 4
6a, b d N ,
a2 = 1 , b2 = 2 , c2 = 1
or ab ^b + a h = ba â + b h
Since, two lines are intersect, so shortest distance
= 0. or â, b h R â, b h
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 R is reflexive. ...(i)
a1 b1 c1 =0 Let â, b h R ^c, d h for â, b h, ^c, d h d N # N
a2 b2 c2
ad ^b + c h = bc â + d h ...(ii)
3-1 k+1 0-1
2 3 4 =0
Also, ^c, d h R â, b h
1 2 1 cb ^d + a h = da ^c + b h [By commutation
2 k + 1 -1 of addition and multiplication on N ]
2 3 4 =0 R is symmetric. ...(iii)
1 2 1 Let â, b h R ^c, d h and ^c, d h R ê, f h for a, b, c, d, e,
fdN
2 (3 - 8) - (k + 1) (2 - 4) - 1 (4 - 3) = 0
ad ^b + c h = bc â + d h ...(iv)
2 (- 5) - (k + 1) (- 2) - 1 (1) = 0
and cf ^d + e h = de ^c + f h ...(v)
- 10 + 2 (k + 1) - 1 = 0 & 2 (k + 1) = 11
Dividing eqn. (iv) by abcd and eqn.v) by cdef
k = 11 - 1 = 9 i.e., 1+1 = 1 +1
2 2 c b d a
Let the required equation of plane be
and 1+1 = 1 +1
a (x - x1) + b (y - y1) + c (z - z1) = 0 e d f c
On adding, we get
1+1+1+1 = 1 +1+ 1 +1 4y + 3
c b e d d a f c there is a pre-image x = = g ^y h .
6y - 4
or, af ^b + e h = be â + f h or x dA
Hence, â, b h R ê, f h f is onto.
R is transitive.
From equations (i) , (iii) and (iv), R is an equivalence
relation. Section - E
or Case study based questions are compulsory.
Show that the function f in A = R - & 2 0 defined as
3 36. Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt in
f ^x h = 4x + 3 is one-one and onto.
6x - 4 water. In diverse contexts, brine may refer to the
salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% up to about
Sol : 26%. Brine forms naturally due to evaporation of
ground saline water but it is also generated in the
Given f ^x h = 4x + 3 mining of sodium chloride.
6x - 4
To show f is one-one :
Let f ^x1h = f ^x2h ,
then 4x1 + 3 = 4x2 + 3

6x1 - 4 6x2 - 4
or ^4x1 + 3h^6x2 - 4h = ^6x1 - 4h^4x2 + 3h
or 24x1 x2 - 16x1 + 18x2 - 12
= 24x1 x2 + 18x1 - 16x2 - 12
or - 16x1 + 18x2 = 18x1 - 16x2
or - 16x1 - 18x1 =- 18x2 - 16x2
or - 34x1 =- 34x2
or x1 = x2
of f is one-one.
To show f is onto :
Let, y dB
y = f ^x h
or +3
y = 64xx - 4
or y ^6x - 4h = 4x + 3
or 6xy - 4y = 4x + 3
A tank initially contains 10 gallons of pure water.
or 6xy - 4x = 4y + 3 Brine containing 3 pounds of salt per gallon flows
into the tank at a rate of 2 gallons per minute, and
or x ^6y - 4h = 4y + 3 the well-stirred mixture flows out of the tank at the
4y + 3 same rate.
or x = dB (i) How much salt is present at the end of 10 minutes?
6y - 4
(ii) How much salt is present in the long run?
B = R - &20
3 Sol :
or For every value of y except y = & 2 0 , Suppose A (t) denotes the amount of salt in the
3
tank at any time t . Then the derivative dA
dt , the
rate of change of the amount of salt at any time t , is the largest network of agricultural research and
must satisfy the condition education institutes in the world.
dA = Rate of salt flowing in
dt
- Rate of salt flowing out
But the rate at which salt flows into the tank is
given by (2gal/ min) (3 lb/ min) or 6 pounds per
minute. Since the rate at which the solution leaves
the tank is the same as the rate at which the brine
is poured into it, the tank contains 10 gallons of the
mixture at any time t. Since the salt content at any
time t is A pounds, the concentration of the salt in
the mixture is (A/10) pounds per gallon. Therefore,
the rate at which salt flows out of the tank is given
by (2gal/ min) ( 10A lb/ min) or A5 pounds per minute.
Therefore, we are led to the differential equation
dA = 6 - A ICAR grows vegetables and grades each one as
dt 5 either good or bad for its taste, good or bad for its
subject to the condition A ^0 h = 0 . The differential size, and good or bad for its appearance. Overall
equation 78% of the vegetables have a good taste. However,
only 69% of the vegetables have both a good taste
dA = 6 - A = 30 - A
dt 5 5 and a good size. Also, 5% of the vegetables have
both a good taste and a good appearance, but a
is separable. Separating the variables and
bad size. Finally, 84% of the vegetables have either
integrating, we obtain
a good size or a good appearance.
# dA = # 1 dt (i) If a vegetable has a good taste, what is the
30 - A 5 probability that it also has a good size?
(ii) If a vegetable has a bad size and a bad
- ln 30 - A = 1 t + b
5 appearance, what is the probability that it has
a good taste?
ln 30 - A =- 1 t - b
5 Sol :
30 - A = e-b e-t/5 Let T be the event ‘good taste’, let S be the event
‘good size’, and let A be the event ‘good appearance’.
A = 30 - Ce-t/5
(i) P (T) = 0.78
The condition A ^0 h = 0 implies that
P (T + S) = 0.69
0 = 30 - C
giving C = 30 , and so P (T + Sl + A) = 0.05
A ^ t h = 30 ^1 - e-t/5h P (S , A) = 0.84
The amount of salt present after 10 minutes is given by Therefore,
A ^10h = 30 ^1 - e h . 25.94
-2
P (T + S)
P (S | T) =
or 25.94 pounds. The amount of salt present in the P (T)
long run is given by = 0.69 = 0.885
0.78
lim A ^ t h = lim 30 ^1 - e-t/5h = 30
t"3 t"3 (ii) Notice that
or 30 pounds.
P (Sl + Al) = 1 - P (S , A)
37. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute is = 1 - 0.84 = 0.16
an autonomous body responsible for co-ordinating
agricultural education and research in India. It Also,
reports to the Department of Agricultural Research P (T + Sl) = P (T) - P (T + S)
and Education, Ministry of Agriculture. The Union
Minister of Agriculture serves as its president. It = - 0.78 - 0.69 = 0.09
So that (ii) Production requirement

P (T + Sl + Al) = P (T + Sl) - P (T + Sl + A) The production requirement to meet an order for
50 units of type A, 30 units of type B and 20 units
= 0.09 - 0.05 = 0.04 of type C of the new mix is given by the matrix
Therefore, product
R5 2 1V
P (Tl + Sl + Al) S W
P (T | Sl + Al) = = 0.04 850 30 20BS6 3 1W = 8530 250 120B
P (Sl + Al) 0.16
SS5 3 2WW
= 0.25
Hence, the productionT requirement
X to meet a given
38. Pastry is a dough of flour, water and shortening order of the new mix is 530 kg of flour, 250 kg of
that may be savoury or sweetened. Sweetened fat, 120 kg of sugar.
pastries are often described as bakers’ confectionery. (iii) Amount of Each Type
The word “pastries” suggests many kinds of baked Let x1, x 2 and x 3 be the amount of mixes of
products made from ingredients such as flour, sugar, type A, B and C respectively. Then, we have the
milk, butter, shortening, baking powder, and eggs. following set of simultaneous equations:
5x1 + 6x2 + 5x3 = 370
2x1 + 3x2 + 3x3 = 170
x1 + x2 + 2x3 = 80
The above system of equations can be written in
matrix form as:
R5 6 5VRx V R370V
S WS 1W S W
The Sunrise Bakery Pvt Ltd produces three basic S2 3 3WSx2W = S170W
pastry mixes A, B and C . In the past the mix of SS1 1 2WWSSx WW SS 80 WW
3
ingredients has shown in the following matrix: T XT X T X
or AX = B
Flour Fat Sugar
R5 6 5V Rx V R370V
ARS 5 1 1VW (All quantities in kg) S W S W S W
Type B S6.5 2.5 0.5 W where A = S2 3 3W , X = Sy W and B = S170W
SS1 1 2WW SSz WW SS 80 WW
C SS4.5 3 2WW
X
T in the consumer’s T X T X T X
Due to changes tastes it has been
Since, A = 5 (6 - 3) - 6 (4 - 3) + 5 (2 - 3)
decided to change the mixes using the following
amendment matrix: = 4 ! 0,
Flour Fat Sugar -1
thus A exists, so that the unique solution of
ARS 0 1 0VW AX = B is X = A-1 B .
Type B S- 0.5 0.5 0.5W R V
C SS 0.5 0 0WW S 3 - 7 3W
Here, adj A = S- 1 5 - 5W
Using matrix algebra you areX required to calculate:
T
SS- 1 1 3WW
(i) the matrix for the new mix: T X
(ii) the production requirement to meet an order R V
S 3 - 7 3W
for 50 units of type A, 30 units of type B and adj . A
Here, A-1 = = 1 S- 1 5 - 5W
20 units of type C of the new mix; A 4 SS
- 1 1 3WW
(iii) the amount of each type that must be made to T X
totally use up 370 kg of flour, 170 kg of fat and Now X = A-1 B
80 kg of sugar that are at present in the stores. R VR V R V
Sol : S 3 - 7 3WS370W S40W
1
= S- 1 5 - 5WS170W = S20W
4 SS
(i) Matrix for the new mix: - 1 1 3WWSS 80 WW SS10WW
The matrix for the new mix is obtained by adding T XT X T X
Hence x = 40, y = 20 and z = 10 . Hence, the
the amendment matrix to the original mix matrix, i.e production of products A, B and C are 40 units, 20
R V R V R V units and 10 units, respectively.
S 6 1 1W S 0 1 0W S5 2 1W
S6.5 2.5 0.5W + S- 0.5 0.5 0.5W = S6 3 1W
SS4.5 3 2WW SS 0.5 0 0WW SS5 3 2WW ***********
T X T X T X

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
Section - A =3=1
3
dy
3. Solution of + y sec x = tan x is
1. If a, b, g are the angles which a half ray makes dx
with the positive directions of the axes, then (a) y (sec x + tan x) = sec x + tan x - x + c
sin2 a + sin2 b + sin2 g is equal to (b) y = sec x + tan x - x + c
(a) 2 (b) 1
(c) y (sec x + tan x) = sec x + tan x + x + c
(c) 0 (d) - 1
Sol :
Sol :
2 2 2
Since, cos a + cos b + cos g = 1
Here, P = sec x ,
Hence, 1 - sin2 a + 1 - sin2 b + 1 - sin2 g = 1
Q = tan x
2 2 2
sin a + sin b + sin g = 2
IF = e # pdx = e log (sec x + tan x)
= sec x + tan x
2. Which of the following triplets gives the direction
Solution is,
cosines of a line?
(a) < 1, 1, 1 > (b) < 1, - 1, 1 > y (sec x + tan x) = # (sec x tan x + tan2 x) dx
(c) < 1, - 1, - 1 > (d) < 1 , 1 , 1 > = # sec x tan x dx +
3 3 3
# sec2 x dx - # dx
Sol :
= sec x + tan x - x + c
l = 1 , m= 1 , n= 1 Thus (a) is correct option.
3 3 3
1 2 1 2 1 2
Hence, l 2 + m2 + n2 = c m +c m +c m
3 3 3
4. The function f ^x h = 2 - 3x is 7. # 1 + cos x dx is equal to

(a) decreasing (a) 2 sin a x k + C (b) 2 sin a x k + C
2 2
(b) increasing
(c) neither decreasing nor increasing (c) 2 2 sin a x k + C (d) 1 sin a x k + C
2 2 2
(d) none of the above Sol :
Sol :
# 1 + cos x dx = # 2 cos2 x2 dx
Let f ^x h = 2 - 3x = 2 # cos x2 dx
On differentiating, we get
sin x2
= 2 +C
f l^x h =- 3 < 0 1
2
Hence, f ^x h is strictly decreasing function. = 2 2 sin x2 + C
Thus (a) is correct option. Thus (c) is correct option.
dy
If y = log [sin (x2)], 0 1 x 1 p , then at x = p
2
5. 8. The value of #-2 (x cos x + sin x + 1) dx is
2 dx 2
is (a) 2 (b) 0
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) - 2 (d) 4
(c) p/4 (d) p
Sol :
Sol : 2
#-2 (x cos x + sin x + 1) dx
We have y = log [sin (x2)] 2 2 2
= #
-2
x cos x dx + #-2 sin x dx + #-2 1 dx
2
dy = [x sin x - # sin x dx ] -2 2 + #-2 sin x dx + [x] -2 2
= 1 2 $ cos x2 $ 2x
dx sin x 2
= 2 sin 2 - 2 sin 2 - #-2 sin x dx
= 2x cot x2 2
+ # sin x dx + (2 + 2)
-2
dy p p =
b dx l p
=2
2 cot 4 p =4
x=
2
9. If A is 3 # 4 matrix and B is a matrix such that
6. The radius of a cylinder is increasing at the rate of
A'B and BA' are both defined, then B is of the
3m/s and its altitude is decreasing at the rate of
type
4m/s . The rate of change of volume when radius is
4m and altitude is 6m, is (a) 4 # 4 (b) 3 # 4
(a) 80pm3 /s (b) 144pm3 /s (c) 4 # 3 (d) 3 # 3
(c) 80m3 /s (d) 64m3 /s Sol :
Sol : Given, A is 3 # 4 matrix. So, A' is 4 # 3 matrix.
Since, A'B is defined, therefore B should be 3 # 4 .
Let h and r be the height and radius of cylinder.
Also, BA' is defined, so B should be 3 # 4 .
Given that, dr = 3m/s and dh =- 4m/s Hence, B is the type 3 # 4 .
dt dt
Also, V = pr 2 h
10. If A is a matrix of order 3 such that A (adj A) = 10I ,
dV = p r2 dh + h $ 2r dr
dt : dt dt D
then adj A is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 10
At r = 4m and h = 6m (c) 100 (d) 10I
dV = p - 64 + 144 = 80pm3 /s
dt 6 @ Sol :
Thus (a) is correct option. We have A (adj A) = 10I

A (adj A) = A I Sol :
10I = A I 3 sin px , x ! 0
We have f (x) = * 5x
10 = A 2k, x=0
adj A = A 3-1
x"0 x"0 5x
= (10) 2 = 100
= 3 lim a sin px k # p
adj (A) = A n - 1
where n is the order of square matrix A] 5 x"0 px

Thus (c) is correct option. = #1#p = 3 p
3
5 5
11. If x # 1, which of the following four is different Also, f (0) = 2k
from the other three? Since, f (x) is continuous at x = 0 .
(a) sin ^cos-1 x h (b) cos ^sin-1 x h
f (0) = lim f (x)
x"0
(c) 1-x 2
(d) 1 - x2
x 3 3p
2k = 5 p & k = 10
Sol : Thus (b) is correct option.
Now, sin ^cos-1 x h = cos ^sin-1 x h = 1 - x2 14. The area of the region bounded by the lines y = mx ,
Option (d) is different from the other three. x = 1, x = 2 and X -axis is 6 sq units, then m is
equal to
(a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4
Sol :
Given, equation of line is y = mx and bounded by
X is given below
x = 1, x = 2 and X -axis.
X -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Required area, A = #
2
mx dx
1
P ^X h p 2p 3p 4p 5p 7p 8p 9p 10p 11p 12p 2 2
6 = m :x D
Then, the value of p is 2 1
(a) 1 (b) 3 6 = mb - 1 l
4
72 73 2 2
(c) 5 (d) 1 6 = mx 3
72 74 2
Sol : m =4
Sum of probabilities distribution = 1
p + 2p + 3p + 4p + 5p + 7p + 8p + 9p 15. The function f (x) = x2 + bx + c , where b and c are
real constants, describes
+ 10p + 11p + 12p = 1 (a) one-one mapping
72p = 1 (b) onto mapping
(c) not one-one but onto mapping
p = 1
72 (d) neither one-one nor onto mapping
Sol :
3 sin px , x ! 0 Given function is
13. If f (x) = * 5x is continuous at x = 0 , f (x) = x2 + bx + c
2k, x=0
It is a quadratic equation in x .
So, we will get a parabola either downward or upward.
(a) p (b) 3p
10 10 Hence, it is many-one mapping and not onto mapping.
Hence, it is neither one-one nor onto mapping.
(c) 3p (d) 3p
2 5 Thus (d) is correct option.
R0 a 3 V
16. The equation of the curve, whose slope at any point S W
y 19. Assertion: If the matrix S2 b - 1W is a skew
different from origin is y + , is
x symmetric SSc 1 0 WW
(a) y = cxex , c ! 0 (b) y = xex T X
matrix, then value of (a - b - c) is 1
(c) xy = ex (d) y + xex = c
Reason: A square matrix A = [aij ] is said to be
Sol : skew-symmetric if Al =- A
By the given condition correct explanation for Assertion.
dy y (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
= y+
dx x
dy
= y b1 + 1 l (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
dx x
dy
= b1 + 1 l dx Sol :
y x
log y = x + log x + log c R0 a 3 V
S W
y Let A = S2 b - 1W
log a
cx k
=x SSc 1 0 WW
T X
Since, A is a skew symmetric matrix , So Al = - A
y = cxex
R0 2 c V R0 - a - 3V
Thus (a) is correct option. S W S W
Sa b 1W = S- 2 - b 1 W
17. The differential equation representing the family of SS3 - 1 0WW SS- c - 1 0 WW
curve y2 = (x + c ), where c is positive perimeter, T X T X
is of 2 =- a , b =- b , 3 = - c
(a) order 1, degree 3 a =- 2 , 2b = 0 , c = - 3
(b) order 2, degree 2
Therefore, a =- 2 , b = 0 ,and c =- 3
(c) degree 3, order 1
Now,
(d) degree 4, order 4
a - b - c =- 2 - 0 + 3 = 1
Sol :
Hence, Assertion is true, reason is true and reason
y2 = 2yy1 (x + yy1 ) is a correct explanation for assertion.
(y2 - 2xyy1) 2 = 4y2 y 12 $ yy1
= 4y3 y 13
Here, degree is 3 and order is 1.
Thus (c) is correct option. 20. Assertion: Two dice are tossed the following two
events A and B are
18. Let av and bv be two non-parallel unit vectors in a
plane. If the vectors âav + bvh bisects the internal A = {(x, y): x + y = 11} ,
angle between av and bv , then a is equal to B = {(x, y): x ! 5} independent events.
(a) 1 (b) 1/2 Reason: E1 and E2 are independent events, then
(c) 4 (d) 2
P (E1 + E2) = P (E1) P (E2)
Take a =1
av + b bisects the internal angle between av and bv
v
(Since, av and bv are unit vectors)
Sol : 22. If P ^not Ah = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7 and P ^B/Ah = 0.5 ,

Let S be the sample Space having 6 # 6 = 36 then find P Â/B h .
elements. Sol :
Given, A = {x, y : x + y = 11}
We have P Â'h = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7
A = {(5, 6), (6, 5)}
and P b B l = 0.5
n (A) A
So, P (A) = = 2 = 1
n (S) 36 18 Now P Âh = 1 - P Â'h
And B = {(x, y): x ! 5}
= 1 - 0.7 = 03
= S - {(1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5), (6, 5)}
P Â k B h
Now, Pb B l =
n (B) = 36 - 5 = 31 A P Âh
n (B) P Â k B h
So, P (B) = = 31 0.5 =
n (S) 36 0.3
And A k B = {(x, y): x + y = 11, x ! 5} = f P Â k B h = 0.15
n (A k B) = 0 P Â k B h 0.15
Pb A l = =
n (A k B B P ^B h 0.7
P (A k B) = = 0 =0
n (S) 36
Thus Pb A l = 3
Clearly, B 14
P (A) P (B) = 1 # 31 ! P (A k B)
18 36 sin2 x - cos2 x dx .
23. Find # sin x cos x
Therefore A and B are not independent events,
or
Hence, Assertion is false and reason is true.
Find # sin2 x - cos2 x dx .
Thus (d) is correct option. sin2 x cos2 x
Sol :
We have I = sin2 x - cos2 x dx

# sin x $ cos x
2
cos2 x
Section - B = # : sin x
sin x $ cos x sin x $ cos x D
- dx
This section comprises of very short answer = # : sin x - cos x D dx

cos x sin x
type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each. = # (tan x - cot x) dx
21. If a line makes angles 90c, 135c, 45c with then x , y = # tan xdx - # cot xdx
and z axes respectively, find the direction consines.
= log sec x - [- log cosec x ] + C
Sol :
= log sec x + log cosec x + C
Let l , m and n be direction cosines of the lines.
We have a = 90c, b = 135c and g = 45c = log sec x $ cosec x + C
or
Now l = cos a = cos 90c = 0 ,
We have I = # sin x - cos2 x dx
2
m = cos b = cos 135c = - 1 sin2 x cos2 x

2
# sin2 x cos2 x dx
= 2 2 dx - #
and n = cos g = cos 45c = 1 sin x cos x sin2 x cos2 x
2 = # sec x dx - # cosec x dx
2 2
Hence, the direction cosines of a line are 0, - 1

2 = tan x + cot x + C
and 1 .
2
24. Find the position vector of a point which divides

the join of points with position vectors av - 2bv and
Section - C
2av + bv externally in the ratio 2 | 1. This section comprises of short answer
or type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
v t t v
If a = 4i - j + k and b = 2it - 2tj + kt, then find a
t
unit vector parallel to the vector av + bv . 26. The total cost C (x) associated with the
production of x units of an item is given by
Sol : C (x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 5000 .
Given position vectors are Find the marginal cost when 3 units are produced,
$ where by marginal cost we mean the instantaneous
OA = av - 2bv rate of change of total cost at any level of output.
$
and OB = 2av + bv or
$ The total revenue received from the sale of x units
Let OC be the position vector of a point C which of a product is given by R (x) = 3x2 + 36x + 5 in
$
divides the join of points, with position vectors OA rupees. Find the marginal revenue we mean the
$
and OB , externally in the ratio 2 | 1. rate of change of total revenue with respect to the
Using externally section formula we have number of times sold at an instant.
$ $
Sol :
OC = 2OB - 1OA
$
2-1 We have,
2 (2av + bv) - 1 (av - 2bv) C (x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 5000
=
1
Marginal cost,
= 4a + 2b - a + 2bv
v v v
= 3av + 4bv MC (x) = d C (x)
dx
or = d (0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 5000)
dx
We have av = 4it - tj + kt, = 0.005 # 3x2 - 0.02 # 2x + 30 + 0
bv = 2it - 2tj + kt = 0.015x2 - 0.04x + 30
Now, av + bv = (4it - tj + kt) + (2it - 2tj + kt) When 3 units are produced, Marginal cost
MC (3) = 0.015 (9) - 0.04 (3) + 30
= 6it - 2tj + 2kt
= 0.135 - 0.12 + 30 = 30.015
and av + bv = (6) 2 + (- 3) 2 + (2) 2
or
= 36 + 9 + 4
Marginal Revenue,
= 49 = 7 units
MR = dR
The unit vector parallel to the vector av + bv is dx
= d (3x2 + 36x + 5)
av + bv = 6it - 3tj + 2kt dx
av + bv 7 = 6x + 36
When x = 5 , Marginal Revenue
25. If R = {(a, a3): a is a prime number less than 5} be
MR = 6 # 5 + 36 = 66
a relation. Find the range of R .
Sol :
27. Evaluate # cos x dx .
Given, R = {(a, a3): a is a prime number less than 5} x
Since 2 and 3 are the prime numbers less than 5. So, Sol :
a can take value 2 and 3.
We have I = # cos x dx
Thus, R = {(2, 23), (3, 33)} x
= {(2, 8), (3, 27)} Substituting x =t& 1 dx = dt
Hence, the range of R is {8, 27} . 2 x
1 dx = 2dt (x + 3 - 6) (x + 3 + 6)
lim =k
x x"3 x-3
(x - 3) (x + 9)
cos x dx = 2 # cos t dt lim =k
I = # x"3 (x - 3)
x
lim (x + 9) = k
x"3
= # cos x dx = 2 # cos t dt
x 3 + 9 = k & k = 12
= 2 sin t + C = 2 sin x + C or
Substituting t = x we have kx , if x 1 0
I = 2 sin t + C = 2 sin x + C Let f (x) = * x
3, if x $ 0
28. If at, bt and ct are mutually perpendicular unit is continuous at x = 0
vectors, then find the value of 2at + bt + ct . then, lim f (x) = lim f (0 - h) = f (0)
x " 0+ x " 0-
Sol : k (- h)
lim f (0 + h) = lim =3
Given, at, bt and ct are mutually perpendicular unit h"0 h"0 -h
vector, i.e. lim b - kh l = 3 & lim (- k) = 3
h"0 h h"0
at $ bt = bt $ ct = ct $ at = 0 ...(1) k =- 3
and at = bt = ct = 1 ...(2)
0 -1 3 5
2 30. Find AB , if A = > H and B = > H .
Now, 2at + bt + ct = (2at + bt + ct) $ (2at + bt + ct) 0 2 0 0
Sol :
= 4 (at $ at) + 2 (at $ bt) + 2 (at $ ct) + 2 (bt $ at)
+ (bt $ bt) + (bt $ ct) + 2 (ct $ at) + (ct $ bt) + (ct $ ct) 0 -1 3 5
We have A = >
0 2H
and B = > H
2 2 0 0
= 4 ( at + 2 (0) + 2 (0) + 2 (0) + bv + (0)
0 -1 3 5
AB = >
0 2 H>0 0H
2
+ 2 (0) + (0) + ct Now,
= 4 (1) + 1 + 1 = 6
0+0 0+0 0 0
=>
0 + 0 0 + 0H >0 0H
Thus 2at + bt + ct = 6 as length is always positive. =
29. Determine the value of k for which the following AB = 0

function is continuous at x = 3 :
31. Write the value of tan-1 =2 sin c 2 cos-1 3 .
(x + 3) 2 - 36 2 mG
f (x) = * x-3
, x!3
Sol :
k, x=3
tan-1 =2 sin c 2 cos-1 3
2 mG
or
Determine the value of constant k so that the
kx , if x 1 0 = tan-1 92 sin %2 cos-1 a cos p k/C
function f (x) = * x
6
is continuous at x = 0 .
3, if x $ 0 = tan 92 sin %2 # /C
-1 p
6
Sol :
= tan a2 sin k
-1 p
3
(x + 3) 2 - 36
We have f (x) = * x-3
, x!3 = tan-1 c 2 $ 3 m
2
k, x=3 -1
= tan ( 3 )
Let f (x) is continuous at x = 3 , then we have
= tan-1 a tan p k = p
lim f (x) = f (3) 3 3
x"3
(x + 3) 2 - 36
lim =k
x"3 x-3
(x + 3) 2 - 62
lim =k
x"3 x-3
33. Maximize Z = 3x + 4y , subject to the constraints;

Section - D x+y # 4, x $ 0, y $ 0.
This section comprises of long answer- or
type questions (LA) of 5 marks each. Minimize Z =- 3x + 4y subject to the constraints
32. Find the particular solution of the differential x + 2y # 8 ,

dy xy 3x + 2y # 12 ,
equation = 2 given that y = 1, when x = 0.
dx x + y2
Sol : x $ 0, y $ 0
dy xy Sol :
We have = 2
dx x + y2
y We have to maximize Z = 3x + 4y , subject to the
= x
...(1) constraints :
1+ x
2
y
2
which is a homogeneous differential equation as Maximize Z = 3x + 4y

dy y x+y # 4
= Fa k Subject to (i)
dx x
dy and x $ 0, y $ 0
dx dx Region corresponding to x + y # 4 :
have
Line x + y = 4
v + x dv = v 2
dx 1+v
x 0 4 Point (0, 0) is true for x + y # 4 . So,
x dv = v 2 - v y 4 0
the region is towards the origin.
dx 1+v
3
x dv = v - v -2v
dx 1+v first quadrant.
3 Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
x dv =- v 2
dx 1+v common area. Clearly, feasible region is OABO
which is bounded The corner points of the feasible
1 + v2 dv =- dx
x region are O (0, 0), A (4, 0) and B (0, 4).
v3
# b 13 + v1 l dv =- # dx
v x
- 1 2 + log v =- log x + C
2v
2
y
- x 2 + log =- log x + C
2y x
2
- x 2 + log y - log x =- log x + C
2y
2
- x 2 + log y = C ...(2)
2y
Also, it is given that y = 1, when x = 0 .
From Eq. (2), we have Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we
0 + log 1 = C & C = 0 can check the objective function at all the corner to
Substituting C = 0 in Eq. (2), we get
2
- x 2 + log y = 0
2y Corner points Z = 3x + 4y
x2 Z = 0+0 = 0
log y = 2 O (0, 0)
2y
x2 A (4, 0) Z = 3 # 4 + 4 # 0 = 12
y = e 2y 2
B (0, 4) Z = 3 # 0 + 4 # 4 = 16
The maximum value of Z is 16 at B (0, 4) and the Corner points Z =- 3x + 4y

optimal solution is x = 0 , y = 4 .
O ^0, 0h Z = 0+0 = 0
or
B ^0, 4h Z =- 3 # 0 + 4 # 4 = 16
Minimized Z =- 3x + 4y
E ^2, 3h Z =- 3 # 2 + 4 # 3 = 6
Subjected to x + 2y # 8
C ^4, 0h Z =- 3 # 4 + 4 # 0 =- 12
3x + 2y # 12 ,
Hence the minimum value of Z is - 12 at C ^4, 0h
and x $ 0, y $ 0 and the optimal solution is x = 4 ; y = 0 .
(i) Region corresponding to x + 2y # 8 : 3x + 5 dx .
34. Find : #
x2 + 3x - 18
Line x + 2y = 8
or
x 0 8 Point (0, 0) is true for x + 2y # 8 . a a
So, the region is towards the origin. Prove that #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx , hence
y 4 0
evaluate #0
p x sin x dx .
(ii) Region corresponding to 3x + 2y # 12 : 1 + cos2 x
Line 3x + 2y = 12 Sol :
x 0 4 Point (0, 0) is true for 3x + 2y # 12 .

We have 3x + 5 dx
I = # ...(1)
So, the region is towards the origin. x2 + 3x - 18
y 6 0
Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the Now 3x + 5 = A d (x2 + 3x - 18) + B
dx
first quadrant. or 3x + 5 = A (2x + 3) + B ...(2)
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the Comparing the coefficient of x on both side, we have
common area. Clearly, feasible region is OCEBO
which is bounded. Solving equations x + 2y = 8 and 2A = 3 & A = 3
2
3x + 2y = 12 , we get E (2, 3) The corner points of
and comparing the constant on both side, we get
the feasible region are O (0, 0), C (4, 0), E (2, 3) and
B (0, 4). 5 = 3A + B
B = 5 - 3A & B = 5 - 3 b 3 l = 1
2 2
Now 3x + 5 = 3 (2x + 3) + 1 ...(3
2 2
3
(2x + 3) + 12
Now I = # 2
dx
x2 + 3x - 18
= 3 # 2 2x + 3 dx + 1 # 2 1 dx
2 x + 3x - 18 2 x + 3x - 18
= I1 + I2
I1 = 3 log x2 + 3x - 18 #
f l (x)
dx = log | f (x) |
2 f (x)
1
I2 = # 1 dx
2 ^x + 32 h2 - 814
=1# 1 dx
2 ^x + 32 h2 - ^ 92 h2
x-a +C
# x2dx = 1 log
- a2 2a x+a
^x + 2 h - 2
3 9
Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we = 1 $ 19 log 9 +C
2 2^ 2 h ^x + 2 h + 2
3
find the maxima. The values of objective function = 1 log x - 3 + C
18 x+6
I = I1 + I2
= 3 log x2 + 3x - 18 + 1 log x - 3 + C x - 0 = y + 1 = z + 1,
2 18 x+6 4-0 5+1 1+1
or x = y+1 = z+1
i.e. ...(1)
a a 4 6 2
We have #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx and equation of the through C (3, 9, 4) and
a D (- 4, 4, 4) is
Consider RHS # f (a - x) dx
0
Substituting t = a - x , then dt =- dx x-3 = y-9 = z-4
-4 - 3 4-9 0
Also, when x = 0 , then t = a and when x = a , then
t=0 x - 3 y-9 z-4
i.e., = = ...(2)
-7 -5 0
Thus RHS
We know that, the lines
a 0
#0 f (a - x) dx =- # f (t) dt
a x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
a a1 b1 c1
= # f (t) dt
x - x2 = y - y
and 2
= z - z2
0
= LHS Hence proved. a2 b2 c2

Now, we have will intersect, if
x sin x dx p x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1
I = #0 ...(i)
a2 b1 c1 =0
1 + cos2 x
p (p - x) sin (p - x) dx a2 b2 c2
= # The given lines will intersect, if
0 1 + cos2 (p - x)
p (p - x) sin x dx 3 - 0 9 - (- 1) 4 - (- 1)
= #
0 1 + cos2 x 4 6 2 =0
-7 -5 0
= p # sin x dx2 - # x sin x dx
p p
0 1 + cos x 0 1 + cos 2 x
Now, consider,
= p # sin x dx2 - I
p
[from eq. (i)] 3 - 0 9 - (- 1) 4 - (- 1) 3 10 5
0 1 + cos x
4 6 2 = 4 6 2
2I = p #
p sin x dx -7 -5 0 -7 -5 0
0 1 + cos 2 x
= 3 (0 + 10) - 10 (0 + 14) + 5 (- 20 + 42)
I =p# sin x dx
p
2 0 1 + cos2 x = 30 - 140 + 110 = 0
Substituting cos x = t & - sin x dx = dt
Hence, the given lines intersect.
Also, when x = 0 , then t = 1 and when x = p , then
t =- 1
I =- p # dt-1
Thus
21 1 + t2 Section - E
= p # dt 2
1
2 -1 1 + t
Case study based questions are compulsory.
= p [tan-1 t] 1-1 36. Hindustan Pencils Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian
2
manufacturer of pencils, writing materials and other
= p [tan-1 (1) - tan-1 (- 1)] stationery items, established in 1958 in Bombay.
2
2 The company makes writing implements under the
= 9 p - a- p kC = p 9 p C = p
p
brands Nataraj and Apsara, and claims to be the
2 4 4 4 2 4
p p p p p p 2 largest pencil manufacturer in India.
= 9 - a- kC = 9 C =
2 4 4 4 2 4
35. Prove that the line through A (0, - 1, - 1) and

B (4, 5, 1) intersects the line through C (3, 9, 4) and
D (- 4, 4, 4).
Sol :
The equation of line through A (0, - 1, - 1) and
B (4, 5, 1) is
Hindustan Pencils manufactures x units of pencil hotel A 50% of the time, at hotel B 30% of the time,
in a given time, if the cost of raw material is square and at hotel C 20% of the time. When checking in,
of the pencils produced, cost of transportation there is some problem with the reservation 3% of
is twice the number of pencils produced and the the time at hotel A, 6% of the time at hotel B, and
property tax costs ` 5000. Then, 10% of the time at hotel C. Suppose the salesperson
(i) Find the cost function C (x) . travels to this city.
(ii) Find the cost of producing 21st pencil. (i) Find the probability that the salesperson
(iii) The marginal cost of producing 50 pencils. stays at hotel A and has a problem with the
reservation.
Sol : (ii) Find the probability that the salesperson has a
(i) Cost function C (x) , problem with the reservation.
The cost function is sum of variable cost and fixed (iii) Suppose the salesperson has a problem with
cost. the reservation; what is the probability that the
salesperson is staying at hotel A?
Thus C (x) = x2 + 2x + 5000
Sol :
(ii) Find the cost of producing 21st pen.
Define the following events:
C ^21h - C ^20h = 8(21) 2 + 2 # 21 + 5000B
A = stays at hotel A; B = stays at hotel B;
- 8(20) 2 + 2 # 20 + 5000B C = stays at hotel C; and R = problem with the
reservation.
= (21) 2 - (20) 2 + 21
Convert all the given percentages into probabilities.
= 41 + 21 = 62 The phrase of the time indicates conditional probability.
The cost of producing 21st pencil is ` 62. P (A) = 0.50 P (B) = 0.30 = P (C) = 0.20
(iii) The marginal cost of producing 50 pencils.
P (R) | A) = 0.03 P (R | B) = 0.06 P (R | C) = 0.10
dC (x)
MC = dx = 2x + 2 (i) The events A and R are dependent. The
likelihood of a problem with a reservation
^MC hx = 50 = 2 # 50 + 2 = 102 depends on the hotel
The marginal cost of producing 50 pencils is ` 102.
P | (A + R) = P (A) $ P (R | A)
37. OYO Rooms, also known as OYO Hotels & Homes, = (0.50) (0.03)
is an Indian multinational hospitality chain of leased
and franchised hotels, homes and living spaces. = 0.0150
Founded in 2012 by Ritesh Agarwal, OYO initially The probability of staying at hotel A and having a
consisted mainly of budget hotels. problem with the reservation is 0.0150.
(ii) P (R) = P (A + R) + P (B + R) + P (C + R)
= P (A) $ P (R | A) + P (R | B)
+ P (C) $ P (R) | C)
(0.50) (0.03) + 90.30 (0.06) + (0.20) (0.10)

= 0.0150 + 0.0180 + 0.0200 = 0.0530
The probability of a problem with the reservation
(regardless of the hotel) is 0.0530.
P (A + R)
(iii). P (A | R) =
P (R)
= 0.0150 = 0.2830
0.0530
The probability that the salesperson stayed at hotel
Data analyst at OYO say that during frequent trips A, given a problem with the reservation, is 0.2830.
to a certain city, a traveling salesperson stays at
R1 2 3VRx V R 85 V
38. A car carrier trailer, also known as a car-carrying S WS W S W
trailer, car hauler, or auto transport trailer, is a S3 2 2WSy W = S105W
type of trailer or semi-trailer designed to efficiently SS2 3 2WWSSz WW SS110WW
transport passenger vehicles via truck. Commercial- T XT X T X
size car carrying trailers are commonly used to ship
or AX = B
new cars from the manufacturer to auto dealerships. Since, A = 1 (4 - 6) - 2 (6 - 4) + 3 (9 - 4) = 9 ! 0,
Modern car carrier trailers can be open or enclosed. then A-1 exist, so that the unique solution of
Most commercial trailers have built-in ramps AX = B is X = A-1 B .
for loading and off-loading cars, as well as power R V
hydraulics to raise and lower ramps for stand-alone S- 2 5 - 2W
adj.A
Here, A-1 = = 1 S- 2 - 4 7W
accessibility. A 9 SS
5 1 - 4WW
Rx V T X
S W
and Sy W = X = A-1 B
SSz WW
T X R VR V
S- 2 5 - 2WS 85 W
= 1 S- 2 - 4 7WS105W
9 SS
5 1 - 4WWSS110WW
TR XT X V
S- 170 + 525 - 220W
= 1 S- 170 - 420 + 770W
9S
S 425 + 105 - 440WW
TR V R V X
S135W S15W
= 1 S180W = S20W
9 SS WW SS WW
90 10
A transport company uses three types of trucks T X T X
Hence the number of trucks of types T1, T2 and T3
T1, T2 and T3 to transport three types of vehicles
15, 20 and 10 respectively.
V1,V2 and V3 . The capacity of each truck in terms of
three types of vehicles is given below: Now number of vehicles of types V1,V2 and V3 are
V1 V2 V3
V1 V2 V3
T1 1 3 2
T1 T2 T3T1RS1 3 2VW
T2 2 2 3 V = 810 20 30B T2S2 2 3W
T3 3 2 2 T3SS3 2 2WW
T X
Using matrix method find: V1 V2 V3
(i) The number of trucks of each type required to
= 8140 130 140B
transport 85, 105 and 110 vehicles of V1,V2 and
V3 types respectively. Hence the number of vehicles of types V1,V2 and V3
(ii) Find the number of vehicles of each type which are 140, 130 and 140, respectively.
can be transported if company has 10, 20 and
30 trucks of each type respectively. ***********
Sol :
Let x, y and z be the number of trucks of types T1, T2
and T3 respectively, then the given information can
be put in the form of simultaneous linear equations
as:
x + 2y + 3z = 85
3x + 2y + 2z = 105
2x + 3y + 2z = 110
The above system of linear equations can be written

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
Therefore, f l^x h > 0 for x ! ^- 3, 2h , ^3, 3h

Section - A f l^x h < 0 for x ! ^2, 3h

1. Maximum value of f (x) = sin x + cos x is Hence, f (x) is increasing for x ! (- 3, 2) , (3, 3)
(a) 1 (b) 2 and decreasing for x ! (2, 3).
(c) 1 (d) 2
2
3. The optimal value of the objective function is
Sol :
attached at the point:
Correct option is (d). (a) given by intersection of inequations with axes
Max value = a2 + b2 = 12 + 12 = 2 only.
Thus (d) is correct option. (b) given by intersection of inequations with x-axis
only.
2. f (x) = 2x3 - 15x2 + 36x + 4 is
(c) given by corner points of the feasible region.
(a) increasing in (- 3, 2] (b) increasing in [2, 3]
(d) none of the above.
(c) decreasing in (3, 3) (d) None of these
Sol :
Sol :
Explanation :
Function y = f ^x h is increasing where f l^x h > 0 and 4. If A = {1, 2, 3} , then how many equivalence relation
decreasing where f l^x h < 0 can be defined on A containing (1, 2) :
(a) 2 (b) 3
Now, f ^x h = 2x3 - 15x2 + 36x + 4 (c) 8 (d) 6
Hence, f l^x h = 6x2 - 30x + 36
Sol :
= 6 ^x2 - 5x + 6h Explanation :
= 6 ^x - 2h^x - 3h Relation which is reflexive, symmetric and transitive
is called equivalence relation.
Reflexive: If every element of A is related to itself, 3 6 7 8

2A + 3B = 2 >
- 4H
i.e. â, a h ! R + 3> H
5 5 6
Symmetric: If â, b h ! R & ^b, a h ! R for all 6 12 21 24
=>
- 8H >15 18H
a, b ! A . +
10
Transitive: If â, b h ! R and ^b, c h ! R & â, c h ! R
27 36
=>
25 10H
for all a, b, c ! A .
Therefore only two relations are possible.
d log x = ? 8. # 0.dx = ..........

dx 6 @
5.
(a) k (b) 0
(a) 1 (c) - 12
x x (c) 1 (d) - 1
(c) 1 (d) 12 Sol :
x
Sol : Explanation :
Explanation : Let, I = # 0 $ dx
Let, f ^x h = log x R V
Sk # dx = # kdx W
S W
d f x = d log x = 1 Sconstant term can be taken
dx ^ h dx ^ h x W
Sinside and outside the integrationW
Thus (a) is correct option. T X
= 0 dx#
6. sin c 1 m = ?
-1
= 0#x+k = 0+k = k
2
p Thus (a) is correct option.
(a) (b) -p
4 4 dx = ?
1
9. #
(c) p (d) - p 2 x
2 2
(a) log 2 (b) log 3
3 2
Sol :
(c) log 1 (d) log x
Explanation : 2 2
We have,
Sol :
sin c 1 m = sin-1 a sin p k
-1
2 4 Explanation :
=p Let, I = #2
1 dx
4 x
= 8log x B1
2
3 6 7 8
A =>
5 - 4H
7. , B = > H , 2A + 3B = ? = log 1 - log 2
5 6
27 24 27 36 = log 1
(a) >
22 10H
(b) >
25 10H
2
27 36 27 36 10. Integrating factor (IF) of the differential equation
(c) >
25 15H
(d) >
35 10H
dy
- y cos x = sin x cos x
Sol : dx
Explanation : (a) e- sinx (b) esinx

- cosx
We have, (c) e (d) ecosx
Sol : 13. it # (it # tj ) + tj # (tj # kt) + kt # (kt # it) =

Explanation :
(a) it + tj + kt (b) 0
We have,
(c) 1 (d) - (it + tj + kt)
dy
- y cos x = sin x cos x
dx Sol :
Thus IF e # - cosx dx = e- sinx Explanation :

Thus (a) is correct option. Let, xv = it # (it # tj ) + tj # (tj # kt) + kt # (kt # it)
dy
11. The solution of the differential equation = x is ...(1)
dx y
(a) x - y = k (b) x2 - y2 = k Since, it # tj = kt, tj # kt = it, kt # it = tj
Putting values in eq. (1)
(c) x3 - y3 = k (d) xy = k
xv = it # kt + tj # it + kt # tj
Sol :
7it # kt =- tj , tj # it = - kt, kt # tj = itA
Explanation :
dy = - tj - kt - it =- ìt + tj + ktj
We have =x
dx y Thus (d) is correct option.
Separating x and y terms in L.H.S. and R.H.S, we 14. The real number which most exceeds its cube is
get,
(a) 1 (b) 1
y dy = x dx 3 2
Integrating both sides, we get (c) 1 (d) None of these
2
# y dy = # x dx Sol :
y2 2
Let the number be x , then
= x +c
2 2
f (x) = x - x3
y2 = x2 + 2c
f l (x) = 1 - 3x2
y2 - x2 = 2c
and f m (x) =- 6x
2 2
or x - y =- 2c
Putting f l (x) = 0 we have x = ! 1
6- 2c = k @ 3
2 2
x -y = k
Where, k is constant of integration. Now f mc 1 m < 0 .
Thus (b) is correct option. 3
Hence x = 1
3
15. If the direction cosines of two straight lines are l1 ,

12. d (sin x) = m1 , n1 and l2 , m2 , n2 then the cosine of the angle q
dx
between them or cos q is
(a) cos x (b) - sin x
(c) - cos x (d) tan x (a) (l1 + m1 + n1) (l2 + m2 + n2)
Sol : (b) l1 + m1 + n1
l2 m2 n2
Explanation : (c) l1 l2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2
^ h
d sin x = cos x (Standard formula)
dx (d) l1 + m1 + n1
Thus (a) is correct option. l2 + m2 + n2
Sol : b
m =
Explanation : a2 + b2 + c2
Direction cosine of line c
n =
L1 = (l1, m1, n1) a2 + b2 + c2
Therefore, vector parallel to Given direction ratios are
L1 = `l1 it + m1 tj + n1 ktj = av a = 1, b = 3 , c = 5
Similarly direction cosine of line Then, a2 + b2 + c2 = 1 + 9 + 25 = 35
L2 = (l2, m2, n2)
Therefore, 1 ,m = l = 3
Vector parallel to L2 = (l2 it + m2 tj + n2 kt) = bv 35 35
av $ bv = (l1 it + m1 tj + n1 kt) . (l2 ut + m2 jt + n2 kt) and n = 5

35
= l 12 + m 12 + n 12 l 22 + m 22 + n 22 cos q Thus (a) is correct option.
x
q = Angle between L1 and L2
Where 18. # (x xe
+ 1) 2 dx =
Hence l1 l2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = cos q
Since magnitude of vector with direction cosine as (a) ex +c
x
(b) - e + c
their component = 1. (x + 1) 2 x+1
Thus (c) is correct option. (c) ex + c (d) - ex + c
x+1 (x + 1) 2
a b
16. If l d R and T = then lT = Sol :
c d
la lb la b Explanation :
(a) (b)
lc ld c d x
We have I = # ^1 xe
+ xh
dx 2
la b
(c) (d) None of these Adding and Subtracting ex in numerator
lc d
x x x
Sol : I = # xe ^1++e x-h e 2
Explanation : = # e =1 +1 x - ^1 +1 x h G
x
2
Multiplying a determinant by l means multiplying
the elements of only one row (or one column) by l .
Let, f ^x h = 1
a b la b 1+x
Hence, lT = l =
c d lc d
f l^x h = -1
Thus (c) is correct option. ^ + x h2
1
x
17. The direction ratios of a straight line are 1,3,5. Its Hence, I = e +c
direction cosines are 1+x
(a) 1 , 3 , 5 (b) 1 , 1 , 5 : # ex ` f ^x h + f l^x hj = ex f ^x hD

35 35 35 9 3 9
(c) 3 , 5 , 1 (d) 5 , 3 , 1
35 35 35 35 35 35 x3 - 3, x < 2
19. Assertion : f (x) is defined as f (x) = * 2 is
x + 1, x > 2
Sol : continuous at x = 2 .
Explanation : Reason : f (2) = lim f (x).

x"2
If l , m , n are direction cosine of line and a , b , c are
direction ratios then
is the correct explanation of assertion.
l = a
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason
a2 + b2 + c2 is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false. = P Âh + P ^B h - `1 - P Â hj`1 - P ^B hj

(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true. = P Âh + P (B) - 81 - P ^B h - P (A)
Sol : + P (A) $ P ^B h
Explanation : = P Âh + P (B) - 1 + P ^B h + P (A)
Given,
x3 - 3, x # 2
f ^x h = * 2 - P (A) $ P ^B h
x + 1, x 2 2
= 1 - 1 + 1 - P (A) $ P (B )
Function f ^x h is continuous at x = 2 , if and only if
(Since P (A) + P (A) = 1
lim f ^x h = lim f ^x h = f ^2 h
x " 2+ x " 2- and P (B) + P (B ) = 1)
Now, lim f ^x h = lim f ^2 + h h = 1 - P (A) $ P (B ) = R.H.S.
x " 2+ h"0
Thus both assertion and reason are true and reason

= lim ^2 + h h2 + 1
h"0 is the correct explanation of assertion.
= lim 4 + h2 + 4h + 1 Thus (a) is correct option.
h"0
= 4+1 = 5
and lim f ^x h = lim f ^2 - h h
x " 2- h"0
Section - B
= lim ^2 - h h3 - 3 This section comprises of very short an-
h"0
= lim 23 - h3 - 6h2 + 12h - 3

swer type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each.
h"0
= 8-3 = 5 21. Prove, by Vector method, that the angle inscribed

in a semi-circle is a right angle.
f ^2 h = 23 - 3 = 8 - 3 = 5
Sol :
Since, f ^2 h = lim f ^x h = lim f ^x h
x 2
"
-
x 2
"
+
Let O be the centre of semicircle PAB and position
Therefore, given function is continuous at x = 2 vector as follows
20. Assertion : If A and B are two independent events

P (A , B) = 1 - P (Al) P (Bl)
Reason : P (A , B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A + B)
and P (A + B) = P (A) P (B)
is the correct explanation of assertion.
$
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason OA = av
is not the correct explanation of assertion. $
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false. OB = - av (since AB is a diameters of circle
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true. $
OP = rv
Sol : $
OA = OB
$ $
= OP = av = rv
Explanation : = Raduis of a given circle ...(1)
A and B are two independent event
$ $ $
AP = Position vector of OP -position vector of OA
P (A + B) = P (A) $ P (B)
We know that = rv - av
P (A , B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A + B) $ $
BP = Position vector of OP -Position vector of OB
$
= P (A) + P (B) - P (A) $ P (B) = rv + av

For +BPA to be right angled T 23. Prove by direction numbers, that the point (1, - 1, 3),
$ $ (2, - 4, 5) and (5, - 13, 11) are in a straight line.
AP $ BP = 0
Sol :
AP $ BP = ^rv - avh $ ^rv + avh
$ $
Let three given point be A ^1, - 1, 3h , B ^2, - 4, 5h

= rv $ rv - av $ rv + rv $ av - av $ av C ^5, - 13, 11h
Direction ratio of line joining AB
av $ rv = rv $ av
> H
2 2
= rv - av 2 = ^2 - 1, - 4 + 1, 5 - 3h
rv $ rv = rv
$ $ = ^1, - 3, 2h
AP $ BP = 0 [Using eq. (1)]
Direction ratio of line joining BC
Therefore angle inscribed in a semicircle is right
angled triangle. = ^5 - 2, - 13 + 4, 11 - 5h = ^3, - 9, 6h
Since direction ratio of AB and BC are proportional
dy
22. If y = x+ x + x + ...to 3 then
dx AB || BC
or But since B is common point between AB and BC
dy A, B, C are three collinear point.
If y = tan (sin-1 x) then find
dx A, B, C forms a straight line (hence proved)
Sol :
24. Odds are 8 : 5 against a man, who is 55 years old,
y = x+ x + x + ..to 3 living till he is 75 and 4 : 3 against his wife who is
1 4 4 44 2
y
4 4 44 3 now 48, living till she is 68. Find the probability
that the couple will be alive 20 years hence.
y = x+y
Squaring both sides Sol :
y2 = x + y P Êlh
Odd against event E =
Differentiating both sides P Ê h
dy dy Let E1 be event that man will live then
2y = 1+
dx dx P Ê1l h
=8 (given)
dy
^2y - 1hdx = 1 P Ê1h 5
P Ê1h = 5 = 5 ...(1)
dy 8+5 13
= 1
dx 2y - 1 6P Êlh + P Ê h = 1@
or Let E2 be event that his wife will live then
P Ê2l h
y = tan (sin-1 x) =4 (given)
P Ê2h 3
Using chain Rule
dy dy P Ê2h = 3 =3 ...(2)
;y = f (u) and u = g (x) then = du
E 4+3 7
dx du # dx 6P Êl2 h + P Ê2h = 1@
dy Since existence of man and his wife is independent
= sec2 (sin-1 x) # d (sin-1 x)
dx dx of each other.
Rd 2
V Therefore E1 and E2 are independent event.
2 -1 Sdx tan x = sec x W
= sec sin 2x S W Required Probability = P Ê1 + E2h
1-x Sd -1 1 W
Sdx sin x = 1 - x2 W Since Events are independent
T X
P Ê1 + E2h = P Ê1h # P Ê2h
= 5 # 3 = 15 (using 1 and 2)
13 7 91
Section - C
-1
x
25. Show that the function y = ae tan is a solution of
the differential equation
d2y dy This section comprises of short answer
^1 + x2h + ^2x - 1h
dx
=0
dx2 type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
or " "
26. If av = it - 2tj - 3kt; b = 2it + tj - kt and c = it + 3tj - 2kt
Show that the function y = ax + b is a solution of then find a # ^b # c h .
" " "
a
the differential equation
dy b Sol :
y =x + dy
dx dx "
Sol : Given, a = it - 2tj - 3kt
"
Given function is y = ae tan
-1
x b = 2it + tj - kt
= it + 3tj - 2kt
"
y c
tan x -1 =a
e Rt t t V
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get Si j k W
bv # cv = S2 1 - 1W
dy S W
ê tan x hc dx m - ^y hce tan x $ 1 2 m
-1 -1
S1 3 - 2W
1+x T X
=0
ê h
tan x 2 = (- 2 + 3) it - tj (- 4 + 1) + kt(6 - 1)
-1
dy y Thus, bv # cv = 1it + 3tj + 5kt

e tan x < - F =0
-1
dx 1 + x2
Let, bv # cv = pv
dy y Rt t t V
- =0
dx 1 + x2 Si j k W
av # pv = S1 - 2 - 3W
dy y S W
= S1 3 5 W
dx 1 + x2 T X
dy = it(- 10 + 9) - tj (5 + 3) + kt(3 + 2)
^1 + x2hdx = y
av # pv = - it - 8tj + 5kt
d 2 y dy dy 27. Thus, av # (bv # cv) =- (it + 8tj - 5kt) If f : R " R is
^1 + x2h + ^2x h =
dx2 dx dx defined by f (x) = x2 - 3x + 2 , find f {f (x)} .
d2y dy Sol :
^1 + x2h + ^2x - 1h
dx
=0
dx2
Given, f :R " R
which is the given differential equation.
Hence, given function is a solution of the given f ^x h = x2 - 3x + 2 ...(1)
differential equation. Replacing x " f ^x h
or f {f (x)} = {(f (x)) 2 - 3 (f (x)} + 2
Given function is y = ax + b ...(1) Putting value of f ^x h using equation (1), we get
a
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get f {f ^x h} = ^x2 - 3x + 2h2 - 3 ^x2 - 3x + 2h + 2
dy = x 4 + 9x2 + 4 - 6x3 + 4x2 - 12x
=a
dx
Substituting value of a in (1), we get - 3x2 + 9x - 6 + 2
dy b = x 4 - 6x3 + 10x2 - 3x
y =x + dy
dx dx
â + b + c h2 = a + b + c
2 2 2
which is the given differential equation. Hence, > H

+ 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
given function is a solution of the given differential
equation. = x ^x3 - 6x2 + 10x - 3h
1 2 7-3 0-0 4 0
28. If A = > H , then find the value of A2 + 3A + 2I . =>
2 - 0 5 - 3H >2 2H
=
3 4
or
4 0 2 0
7 0
Find the values of X and Y : X + Y = > H and Y = 1> H = > H
2 5 2 2 2 1 1
3 0
X-Y => H . 5 0 2 0
0 3
Therefore, X = > H and Y = > H
1 4 1 1
Sol :
1 2
Given: A => H
3 4
1 2 1 2
Then, A 2 = > H> H
3 4 3 4
1+6 2+8 7 10
=> H =>
15 22H
...(1)
3 + 12 6 + 16
dy
1 2 3 6 29. If y = log tan a p + x k , show that - sec x = 0 .
3A = 3 > H = > 4 2 dx
9 12H
...(2)
3 4
Sol :
1 0 2 0
2I = 2 > H = > H ...(3) We have y = log tan a p + x k
0 1 0 2
4 2
Adding (1)+(2)+(3), we get Differentiating both sides with respect to x we get
7 10 3 6 2 0 dy
A2 + 3A + 2I = > = d b log tan a p + x kl
15 22H >9 12H >0 2H
+ +
dx dx 4 2
1 d p x
7 + 3 + 2 10 + 6 + 0 = # dx tan a 4 + 2 k
=>
15 + 9 + 0 22 + 12 + 2H
p x
tan a + k
4 2
d 1
=>
12 16 :dx log x = x D
24 36H
1 2 p x 1
or =
p x # sec a 4 + 2 k # 2
tan a + k
7 0 4 2
X+Y => H ....(1)
2 5
cos a p + x k
4 2 1 1
3 0 = # #2
p x 2 p x
X-Y => H ....(2) sin a + k
4 2
cos a + k
4 2
0 3
After adding equation(1) and (2) we get, Multiplying and dividing by 2 we get
7 0 3 0 dy 2 1
=
2X = > H + > H dx p x p x #2
2 5 0 3 2 sin a + k cos a + k
4 2 4 2
7+3 0+0 10 0 We know that
=> H =>
2+0 5+3 2 8H 2 sin q cos q = sin 2q
10 0 5 0 Therefore we get
X = 1>
2 2 8H >1 4H
=
dy 1
= = 1 = sec x
After subtraction equation (2), from equation (1) dx sin a p + x k cos x
2
we get,
dy
7 0 3 0 Hence, - sec x = 0 Hence proved
2Y = > H - > H dx
2 5 0 3
30. The volume of a cube is increasing at a rate of = 1 + tan q + 1 - tan q

9 cubic centimetres per second. How fast is the 1 - tan q 1 + tan q
surface area increasing when the length of an edge
is 10 cm long? (1 + tan q) 2 + (1 - tan q) 2
=
(1 - tan q) (1 + tan q)
Sol :
2 2
Let x be the edge of a cube and V , the volume of = 1 + tan q + 2 tan q + 1 2+ tan q - 2 tan q
1 - tan q
the cube at time t , then V = x 3 .
(a + b) 2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab (a + b);
> H
The rate of change of volume V wrt time
dV = d (x 3) = 3x 2 dx (a + b) (a - b) = a2 - b2
dt dt dt 2 (1 + tan2 q)
=
dV = 9 cm3 / sec (1 - tan2 q)
Also (Given)
dt
2 1 - tan2 q
=
cos 2q ;1 + tan2 q = cos 2qE
3x 2 dx = 9
dt
= 2a = 2b = R.H.S.
dx = 9 = 3 b
a
dt 3x 2 x2
Since, L.H.S. = R.H.S. Hence Proved
Let S be the surface area of the cube. Then
or
S = 6x 2
Let, f = 4 ^cot-1 3 + cosec-1 5 h
dS = d (6x 2) = d (6x 2) $ dx
dt dt dx dt and cot-1 3 = a
dx or cot a = 3
= 12x # 32 = 36 3
: dt = x 2 D
x x
tan a = 1
dS 3
Thus b dt l = 36 = 3.6
x = 10 cm
10
and cosec-1 5 = b
Hence, the rate of increase in surface area is 3.6
cm2 / sec or cosec b = 5
31. Prove that: tan b = 1

cot b
tan b p + 1 cos-1 a l + tan b p - 1 cos-1 a l = 2b
4 2 b 4 2 b a 1
= 1 = =1
or cosec2 b - 1 5-1 2
Prove that 4 (cot-1 3 + cosec-1 5 ) = p .
Therefore, tan a = 1 & a = tan-1 1
Sol : 3 3
Given : tan b = 1 & b = tan-1 12

2
tan b p + 1 cos-1 a l + tan b p - 1 cos-1 a l = 2b
4 2 b 4 2 b a
Therefore, f = 4 â + b h
Let 1 cos-1 a = q
2 b = 4 b tan-1 1 + tan-1 1 l
3 2
or, cos-1 a = 2q 1
+ 12
b = 4 e tan-1 3
o
1 - 13 # 12
or, a = cos 2q
b
;tan-1 A + tan-1 B = tan-1 b + lE
A B
1 - AB
L.H.S. = tan a p + q k + tan a p - q k
4 4
5
= 4 e tan o = 4 # tan-1 1
-1 6
p p
tan + tan q tan - tan q 6-1
= 4
p + 4
p
5
tan - tan q tan + tan q
4 4
(iv) P ^0 1 x 1 3h = P ^X = 1h + P ^X = 2h
= 4 # tan-1 d tan p n
4
= k + 2k + 3k = 3 # 1 = 3
10 10
= 4# p = p Hence proved.
4
Section - D
32. A random variable has the following probability
distribution : 5x + 11 dx
33. Evaluate # 9x2 + 25
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
or
P ^X h 0 k 2k 2k 3k k 2
2k 2
7k2 + k p/2
Prove that : # log (tan q + cot q) dq = p log 2
(i) k (ii) P ^X 1 3h 0
(iii) P ^X 2 6h (iv) P ^0 1 x 1 3h Sol :
5x + 11 dx
Sol : Let I = # 9x2 + 25
We know that
7 =5# x dx + 11 # 1 dx
/ P^X h = P^0h + P^1h + P^2h + P^3h + P^4h
i 9x2 + 25 9x2 + 25
i=0
or I = 5I1 + 11I2
+ P ^5 h + P ^6 h + P ^7 h = 1
x
0 + k + 2k + 2k + 3k + k2 + 2k2 + 7k2 + k = 1
Now, I1 = # 9x2 + 25
dx
10k2 + 9k - 1 = 0
Putting 9x2 + 25 = y we have
10k2 + 10k - k - 1 = 0 x 1
dx = dy
9
10k ^k + 1h - 1 ^k + 1h = 0 9x2 + 25
^10k - 1h^k + 1h = 0 Thus I1 = 1 # 1 dy = 1 ^y h + C 1

9 9
k = 1 or - 1
10
but k = - 1 is neglected = 1 9x2 + 25 + C 1
9
k = 1 1
10 Now, I2 = # 2
9x + 25
dx
(i) 1
k = 10
(ii) P ^X 1 3h = P ^X = 0h + P ^X = 1h + P ^X = 2h =1 # 1 dx
3 x2 + _ 53 i
2
= 0 + k + 2k 2
= 1 log x + x2 + b 5 l + C 2
3 3
= 3k = 3 # 1 = 3
10 10
(iii) P ^X 2 6h = P ^X = 7h = 7k2 + k = 1 log x + x2 + 25 + C 2
3 9
= 7 #b 1 l +b 1 l
2
10 10 Putting values of I1 and I2 in (1), we get
= 7 + 1 = 17 I = 5 9x2 + 25 + 11 log x + x2 + 25 + C
100 10 100 9 3 9
or p
p
= #
0
2
logsin q cos qdq
# log ^tan q + cot qh dq
2
We have I =
0
6log x + log y = log xy@
p Multiplying and dividing by 2
sin q cos q
# log b cos q + sin q l dq
2
= p
# log b 2 sin q cos q l dq

0 2
2I1 =
R sin q V 0 2
Stan q = cos q andW
S W p
# log b sin 2q l dq
2
S
cot q = cos q W =
p S sin q W 0 2
2
sin q + T 2q
cos X
# log c m dq 62 sin q cos q = sin 2q@
2
=
0 sin q cos q
p p
p
= # 2
log c 1 m dq
= #
0
2
logsin 2qdq - #
0
2
log 2dq
0 sin q cos q
p
# logsin 2qdq - d p - 0 n log 2

p 2
=
# - log ^sin q cos qh dq
2
= 0 2
0
p
1
;log = - log aE # log sin 2qdq - p log 2
2
a 2I1 = ...(2)
0 2
p p p
=- = # # logcos qdqG ...(1)
2 2
0
logsin qdq +
0
Let I3 = #
0
2
log sin 2qdq
6log xy = log x + log y@ Substituting t = 2q & dt = 2dq we have

p
q=0&t=0
# > H
2
I3 = 1
p
Let,
0
log sin qdq = I1
2 # log sin tdt
0 q=p &t=p
2
p
Using property
and # 2
log cos qdq = I2
f ^x h dx = 2 f â - x h if f ^2a - x h = f ^x h
0 2a a
p p
#
0
#
0
# # logsin d p - q n dq
2 2
log sin qdq = p
2
I3 = 1 log sin tdt =
p
0 0
2 0 # #0
2
sin tdt = I1
p
Therefore (1) becomes
= # 0
2
logcos qdq
2I1 = I1 - p log 2
2
# log â + b - x hdxF
b b
< # log xdx =
I1 = - p log 2
a a
I1 = I2 2
Using Property Putting values in eq. (1) we get
#
a
f ^x h dx = #
a
f â - x h dx I = - <- p log 2 - p log 2F
2 2
0 0
p =- 6- p log 2@
I1 = # 0
2
logsin qdxq
Thus, I = p log 2
p
# logsin d p - q n dq
2
= 34. Solve the following L.P.P. graphically:
0 2
Minimise and Maximise
p
Z = 3x + 5y
= # 2
logcos qdq
0 Subject to the constraints:
p p
3x - 4y + 12 $ 0
2I1 = #
0
2
logsin qdq + #0
2
logcos qdq
2x - y + 2 $ 0
2x + 3y - 12 $ 0 corresponding to constraint Eq. (3) is

x #4 2x + 3y - 12 = 0 ...(9)
Putting x = 0 in Eq. (9), we get
y $2
y =4
x $0
and Putting y = 0 in Eq. (9), we get
Sol :
x =6
The objective function is
Hence, This line passes through the point (0, 4) and
z = 3x + 5y (6, 0).
The constraints are: Test of origin:
3x - 4y + 12 $ 0 ...(1) Putting x = 0 and y = 0 in Eq. (3), we get
2x - y + 2 $ 0 ...(2) 0 - 12 $ 0 which is not true
Hence, The closed half-plane not containing the
2x + 3y - 12 $ 0 ...(3)
origin is the region of constraint Eq. (3).
x #4 ...(4) Also x # 4 represents the closed half plane on the
left of the vertical line x = 4 and y $ 2 represents
y $2 ...(5) the closed half plane on the right of y -axis i.e., first
x $0 ...(6) and 4th quadrants.
Step I The shaded regions is the feasible region of the given
L.P.P. and is bounded as shown in figure.
The line corresponding to constraint Eq. (1) is,
Step II
3x - 4y + 12 = 0 ...(7) Corner points of the shaded feasible region are A,
Putting x = 0 in Eq. (7), we get B , C , D and E .
y =3 To find corner point A, let us solve
and Putting y = 0 in Eq. (7), we get y =2
x =- 4 and Eq. (9) i.e.,
Hence, This line passes through the points (0, 3) 2x + 3y - 12 = 0

and (- 4, 0). Putting y = 2 in Eq. (9), we get
Test of origin:
2x + 3 (2) - 12 = 0
Putting x = 0 and y = 0 in Eq. (1), we get
2x = 6 i.e.,
0 + 12 $ 0 which is true
Hence, The closed half plane containing the x =3
origin is the region of constraint Eq. (1). The line Hence, A is (3, 2).
corresponding to constraint Eq. (2) is,
2x - y + 2 = 0 ...(8)
Putting x = 0 in Eq. (8), we get
y =2
and Putting y = 0 in Eq. (8), we get
x =- 1
Hence, This line passes through the point (0, 2) and
(- 1, 0).
Test of origin:
Putting x = 0 and y = 0 in Eq. (2), we get
0 + 2 $ 0 which is true
Hence, The closed half plane containing the
origin is the region of constraint Eq. (2). The line
To find corner point i.e, vertex B , we are to solve Step III

the lines x = 4 and y = 2 Let us find the values of objective function
Hence, Point B is (4, 2) Z = 3x + 5y at corner points.
To find corner point C , let us solve x = 4 and line
Eq. (7) i.e., 3x - 4y + 12 = 0 At A (3,2); Z = 3 (3) + 5 (2) = 19
Putting x = 4 in Eq. (7), we get At B (4,2); Z = 3 (4) + 5 (2) = 22
3(4) - 4y + 12 = 0 At C (4,6); Z = 3 (4) + 5 (6) = 42
- 4y =- 24 At D b 4 , 18 l ; Z = 3 b 4 l + 5 b 18 l = 12 + 90 = 102
5 5 5 5 5 5
i.e., y =6
Hence, point C is (4, 6) At E b 3 , 7 l ; Z = 3 b 3 l + 5 b 7 l = 9 + 70 = 79
4 2 4 2 4 4
To find corner point D , let us solve lines Eq. (7)
and Eq. (8) Hence, Maximum value of Z is 42 at C (4, 6) and
3x - 4y + 12 = 0 minimum value of Z is 19 at A (3,2).
and 2x - y + 2 = 0 35. Solve the differential equation:

(x - y) dy - (x + y) dx = 0
2 # Eq. (7) - 3 # Eq. (8) gives
or
- 5y + 18 = 0
dy y y2
Solve the differential equation + = 2.
y = 18 dx x x
5 Sol :
Putting y = 18 in Eq. (8), we get (x - y) dy - (x + y) dx = 0
5
2x - 18 + 2 = 0 (x - y) dy = (x + y) dx
5
dy x+y
2x = 18 - 2 = 18 - 10 = 8 dx
=
x-y
....(1)
5 5 5
Let, y = Vx ....(2)
x = 45
Differentiating both sides with respect to x we get
Hence, D is b 4 , 18 l . dy
5 5 = V dx + x dV
dx dx dx
To find corner point (i.e., vertex) E , let us solve
dy
lines Eq. (8) and Eq. (9), = V + x dV ....(3)
dx dx
2x - y + 2 = 0 ...(8)
dy
Substituting values of y and
dx
from (2) and (3)
2x + 3y - 12 = 0 ...(9)
in equation (1) we get
Eq. (8) - Eq. (9) gives
x (1 + V)
V + x dV = x + Vx = = 1+V
- 4y + 14 = 0 dx x - Vx x (1 - V) 1-V
y =7 x dV = 1 + V - V =
1 + V - V (1 - V)
2 dx 1-V 1-V
Putting y = 7 in Eq. (8), we get 2
2 = 1+V-V+V
1-V
2x - 7 + 2 = 0
2 2
Thus, x dV = 1 + V
dx 1-V
2x = 7 - 2 = 3
2 2
Separating variables x and V in L.H.S and R.H.S,
we get
x =3
4 1-V dx
c 1 + V 2 m dV = x
Hence, Point E is b 3 , 7 l .
4 2
dV - VdV = dx dy
x Thus, = t + x dt ....(2)
1 + V2 1 + V2 dx dx
dV - 2V dV = dx Substituting values from (2) and (3) in equation (1)
1 + V 2 2 (1 + V 2) x we get,
Integrating both sides t + x dt + t = t2
dx
# 1 +dVV -1 # (12VdV = # dxx
2 x dt = t2 - 2t
2 2
+V )
dx
tan-1 V - 1 ln (1 + V 2) = ln x + ln k Separating t and x on L.H.S. and R.H.S. sides we
2
get
tan-1 V = ln x + ln k + 1 ln dt
2 = dx
t 2 - 2t x
(1 + V2)
dt = dx
= ln kx # (1 + V 2) 1/2 t (t - 2) x
y Multiplying and dividing by 2 on L.H.S.
Substituting, V = , we get,
x
2dt = dx ....(4)
y -1 y2 2t (t - 2) x
tan = ln kx 1+ 2
x x
2 = t - (t - 2)
x2 + y2 Substituting in equation (4) we get
= ln kx
x
t - (t - 2)
dt = dn
= ln k x + y2 2 2t (t - 2) x
y dt - dt = dx
tan-1 - ln k x2 + y2 = 0 2 (t - 2) 2t x
x
y Integrating both sides we get
tan-1 - ln k - ln x2 + y2 = 0
x 1 ln (t - 2) - 1 ln t = ln x + ln k
y 2 2
-1
tan - ln x2 + y2 = ln k
x
1 ln (t - 2) = ln x + ln k
y 2 t
tan-1
x
- ln x2 + y2 = C ^ln k = c h
ln t - 2 = 2 ln x + 2 ln k
Formula used: t
# 1 +1 x 2 = tan-1x + c = ln x2 + ln k2
= ln k2 x2
ln x + ln y = ln xy
Thus, ln t - 2 = ln k2 x2
f 1 (x) t
# f (x)
dn = ln f (x) + c
Therefore, t - 2 = k2 x2
or t
We have
dy y y2
+ = 2 ....(1)
Substituting, t = y/x
dx x x
y/x - 2
= k2 x2
y y/x
Let, =t ....(2)
x
y - 2x
y = xt = k2 x2
y
Differentiating both sides with respect to x we get
y - 2x
= cx2 ^k = c h
2
dy y
= d (xt) = t d x + x dt
dx dx dx dx
where c is constant of integrating
Formula used: Sol :

We can redraw the given diagram as below.
# dxx = ln x + c
log x + log y = log xy

a log x = log xa
Section - E (i)
$
AB = (- 2it + 4tj + kt) - (it + tj + kt)
= - 3i + 3j
$
AB = (- 3) 2 + 32 = 9+9 18
36. Lavanya starts walking from his house to shopping
mall. Instead of going to the mall directly, she first =3 2
goes to ATM, from there to her daughter’s school
Distance between House (A) and ATM (B) is 3 2
and then reaches the mall. In the diagram, using
units.
co-ordinate geometry the location of each place is
given. (ii)
$
BC = (- it + 5tj + 5kt) - (2it + 4tj + kt)
= it + tj + 4kt
$
BC = 12 + 12 + 42 = 1 + 1 + 16
= 18 = 3 2
Distance between ATM (B) and School (C) is 3 2
units.
$
(iii) CD = (2it + 2tj + 5kt) - (- it + 5tj + 5kt)
= (3it - 3tj )
$
CD = 32 + (- 3) 2 = 9+9 = 3 2
Distance between School (C) and Shopping mall
(D) is 3 2 units.
Total distance travelled by Lavanya
Based on the above information, answer the $ $ $
following questions. = AB + BC + CD
(i) What is the distance between House and ATM?
= (3 2 + 3 2 + 3 2 ) units.
(ii) What is the distance between ATM and school?
(iii) What is the total distance travelled by Lavanya? =9 2
or or
(iv) What is the extra distance travelled by Lavanya (iv) Distance between house and shopping mall is
in reaching the shopping mall? $
AD
Now,
$
AD = it + tj + 4kt (ii) Production requirement
The production requirement to meet an order for
$
AD = 12 + 12 + 42 = 1 + 1 + 16 50 units of type A, 30 units of type B and 20 units
of type C of the new mix is given by the matrix
= 18 = 3 2 product
Thus, extra distance travelled by Lavanya is reaching R5 2 1V
S W
shopping mall = (9 2 - 3 2 ) units = 6 2 units. 850 30 20BS6 3 1W = 8530 250 120B
SS5 3 2WW
37. Pastry is a dough of flour, water and shortening
T X
that may be savoury or sweetened. Sweetened Hence, the production requirement to meet a given
pastries are often described as bakers’ confectionery. order of the new mix is 530 kg of flour, 250 kg of
The word “pastries” suggests many kinds of baked fat, 120 kg of sugar.
products made from ingredients such as flour, sugar, (iii) Amount of Each Type
milk, butter, shortening, baking powder, and eggs. Let x1, x2 and x3 be the amount of mixes of type A, B
and C respectively. Then, we have the following set
of simultaneous equations:
5x1 + 6x2 + 5x3 = 370
2x1 + 3x2 + 3x3 = 170
x1 + x2 + 2x3 = 80
The Sunrise Bakery Pvt Ltd produces three basic The above system of equations can be written in
pastry mixes A, B and C . In the past the mix of matrix form as:
ingredients has shown in the following matrix: R5 6 5VRx V R370V
Flour Fat Sugar S WS 1W S W
S2 3 3WSx2W = S170W
ARS 5 1 1VW (All quantities in kg) SS1 1 2WWSSx WW SS 80 WW
3
Type B S6.5 2.5 0.5 W T XT X T X
C SS4.5 3 2WW or AX = B
T X
R5 6 5V Rx V R370V
Due to changes in the consumer’s tastes it has been S W S W S W
decided to change the mixes using the following where A = S2 3 3W , X = Sy W and B = S170W
amendment matrix: SS1 1 2WW SSz WW SS 80 WW
T X T X T X
Flour Fat Sugar Since, A = 5 (6 - 3) - 6 (4 - 3) + 5 (2 - 3)
ARS 0 1 0VW
Type B S- 0.5 0.5 0.5W = 4 ! 0,
C SS 0.5 0WW
-1
0 thus A exists, so that the unique solution of
T X AX = B is X = A-1 B .
Using matrix algebra you are required to calculate:
R V
(i) the matrix for the new mix: S 3 - 7 3W
(ii) the production requirement to meet an order Here, adj A = S- 1 5 - 5W
SS- 1 1 3WW
for 50 units of type A, 30 units of type B and
T X
20 units of type C of the new mix; R V
(iii) the amount of each type that must be made to S 3 - 7 3W
adj . A
totally use up 370 kg of flour, 170 kg of fat and Here, A-1 = = 1 S- 1 5 - 5W
A 4 SS
80 kg of sugar that are at present in the stores. - 1 1 3WW
T X
Sol : Now X = A-1 B
R VR V R V
(i) Matrix for the new mix: S 3 - 7 3WS370W S40W
The matrix for the new mix is obtained by adding = 1 S- 1 5 - 5WS170W = S20W
4 SS
the amendment matrix to the original mix matrix, - 1 1 3WWSS 80 WW SS10WW
i.e T XT X T X
R V R V R V Hence x = 40, y = 20 and z = 10 . Hence, the
S 6 1 1W S 0 1 0W S5 2 1W production of products A, B and C are 40 units, 20
S6.5 2.5 0.5W + S- 0.5 0.5 0.5W = S6 3 1W
SS4.5 3 2WW SS 0.5 0 0WW SS5 3 2WW units and 10 units, respectively.
T X T X T X
38. A steel can, tin can, tin, steel packaging, or can is Now, the surface area, as a function of r is given by
a container for the distribution or storage of goods,
S (r) = 2pr2 + 2prh
made of thin metal. Many cans require opening
by cutting the “end” open; others have removable = 2pr2 + 2pr b 3000
covers. They can store a broad variety of contents: pr2 l
food, beverages, oil, chemicals, etc.
= 2pr2 + 6000
r
(ii) S (r) = 2pr2 + 6000

r
Sl^r h = 4pr - 6000

r2
For critical points, we put Sl (r) = 0

4pr3 - 6000 = 0
r2
r3 = 6000
4p
1
r = b 1500 l3
p
Also, S m^r h = 4p + 12000

r3
S m (r) r = 3 1500 = 4p + 12000 # p

A tin can manufacturer a cylindrical tin can for p 1500
a company making sanitizer and disinfector. The
tin can is made to hold 3 litres of sanitizer or = 4p + 8p = 12p 2 0
disinfector.
(iii) The cost of material for the tin can is minimized
following questions. when r = 3 1500 cm and the height is
p
(i) If r be the radius and h be the height of
3000 1500 cm
2 = 2
3
the cylindrical tin can, find the surface area p
pb 1500
p l
3
expressed as a function of r .
(ii) Find the radius that will minimize the cost of
or
the material to manufacture the tin can.
(iii) Find the height that will minimize the cost of (iv) Minimum surface area,
the material to manufacture the tin can. 3
= 2pr + 6000
or r
(iv) If the cost of the material used to manufacture
2p $ 1500 + 6000
the tin can is 100/m2 find the minimum cost. = p
3 1500
p . 7.8 3 1500
p
Sol :
Cost of 1 m2 material = `100
(i) Given, r cm is the radius and h cm is the height
of required cylindrical can. Cost of 1 cm2 material = ` 1
100
Given that,
3 l = 3000 cm3 (1l = 1000 cm3 Minimum cost = ` 1153.84 = `11.538
100
pr2 h = 3000
h = 3000 ***********
pr2

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
2. If # x+2 dx
Section - A 2x2 + 6x + 5
= P # 24x + 6 dx + 1 # 2 dx , then
Section A consists of 20 questions of 1 mark each. 2x + 6x + 5 2 2x + 6x + 5
the value of P is
1. If a line makes angles 90c, 60c and q with X , Y and
Z -axis respectively, where q is acute angle, then (a) 1 (b) 1
3 2
find q .
(a) 30º (b) 60º (c) 1 (d) 2
4
(c) 45º (d) 90º
Sol :
Sol : x+2
# dx = 1 # 4x2 + 6 + 2 dx
If a line makes angles a , b and g with the x -axis, y 2x2 + 6x + 5 2 2x + 6x + 5
-axis and z -axis, respectively, the we have 4x + 6 dx + 1 # dx
=1 #
2 2 2 4 2x2 + 6x + 5 2 2x2 + 6x + 5
cos a + cos b + cos g = 1
cos2 90c + cos2 60c + cos2 q = 1 P =1
4
0 + b 1 l + cos2 q = 1
2
2
3. It is given that the events A and B are such that
cos2 q = 1 - 1 = 3 P (A) = 14 , P ( BA ) = 12 and P ( BA ) = 23 . Then, P ^B h is
4 4
equal to
cos q = ! 3
2 (a) 1 (b) 1
2 6
= cos 30c
(c) 1 (d) 2
q = 30c 3 3
Since cos q cannot be negative as q is an acute angle. Sol :
P Â k B h
We have Pb A l =
B P ^B h
P ^B k Ah
and Pb B l =
A P Âh
P ^ BA h $ P Âh (c) Continuous at x = 0 but discontinuous at x = p

P ^B h =
P ^ BA h (d) Discontinuous at x = 0 , p
2 1
= 5 $ 4
=1 Sol :
1
2 3
Thus (c) is correct option. f (x) = sin 2x - 1
Being sine function, f (x) is defined and continuous
4. The area bounded by the curve y = 1 x2 , the X -axis at x = 0 , p .
2
and the ordinate x = 2 is
(a) 1 sq unit (b) 2 sq unit
3 3 log x
If f (x) = * x - 1
, if x ! 1
7. is continuous at x = 1,
(c) 1 sq unit (d) 4 sq unit k, if x = 1
3
Sol :
(a) 0 (b) - 1
2
Required area = #0 y dx (c) 1 (d) e
x2 dx = x3 2 = 4 sq units Sol :
:6D
2
= #0 2 3
0
At x = 1,
log (1 + h)
LHL = lim f (x) = lim
x " 1+ h"0 1+h-1
log (1 + h)
= lim =1
h"0 h
As f (x) is continuous at x = 1.
lim f (x) = f (1) & 1 = k
x " 1+
8. Which of the following function is decreasing on

(0, p/2)?
(c) tan x (d) cos 2x
5. If A = 6aij@2 # 2 , where aij = i + j , then A is equal to
Sol :
1 1 1 2
(a) > H (b) > H We have f (x) = cos 2x
2 2 1 2
1 2 2 3 f l (x) = - 2 sin 2x 1 0 in a 0, p k
(c) > H (d) > H 2
3 4 3 4
So, cos 2x is decreasing in a 0, p k .
2
Sol : Thus (d) is correct option.
a11 a12
We have A = >a x + 2 H 9. For what values of x, function
21 f (x) = x 4 - 4x3 + 4x2 + 40 is monotonic decreasing?
(a) 0 1 x 1 1 (b) 1 1 x 1 2
1+1 1+2 2 3
=> H = >3 4 H (c) 2 1 x 1 3 (d) 4 1 x 1 5
+ +
2 1 2 2
Thus (d) is correct option. Sol :
6. Discuss the continuity of the function We have f (x) = x 4 - 4x3 + 4x2 + 40

f (x) = sin 2x - 1 at the point x = 0 and x = p
(a) Continuous at x = 0 , p f l (x) = 4x3 - 12x2 + 8x
For monotonic decreasing, f l (x) 1 0
(b) Discontinuous at x = 0 but continuous at x = p
x (4x2 - 12x + 8) 1 0 Sol :

Given curve is xy = 4 .
x (x2 - 3x + 2) 1 0
x (x - 1) (x - 2) 1 0
x d (- 3, 0) j (1, 2)
dy ax + g
dx by + f
when
(a) a = b (b) a =- b
(c) a =- 2b (d) a = 2b
Required area = # 4 dx = 4 $ [log x] 3
3
Sol : 1 x 1
We have, = 4 (log 3 - log 1)

dy ax + g = 4 log 3 = log 81
=
dx by + f Thus (c) is correct option.
(by + f) dy = (ax + g) dx
dy 3/2 d3 y
Integrating both sides, we have 13. Order of the equation b1 + 5 l = 10 3 is
dx dx
by2 2
+ fy = ax + gx + C (a) 2 (b) 3
2 2
ax2 - by2 + 2gx - 2fy + C = 0 (c) 1 (d) 0
which represents a circle, if a =- b . Sol :
Given,
a a
11. If #0 f (2a - x) dx = m and #0 f (x) dx = n , then dy 3/2 d3 y
b1 + 5 dx l = 10 3
2a
dx
#0 f (x) dx is equal to On squaring both sides, we get
(a) 2m + n (b) m + 2n dy 3 d3 y 2
b1 + 5 dx l = 100 c 3 m
(c) m - n (d) m + n dx
dy 3 dy dy d3 y 2
Sol : 1 + 125 b l + 15 b1 + 5 l = 100 c 3 m
dx dx dx dx
2a a Clearly, the order of highest derivative occurring in
#0 f (x) dx = #0 {f (2a - x) + f (x)} dx the differential equation is 3. Hence, the order of
a a given differential equation is 3.
= #0 f (2a - x) dx + #0 f (x) dx = m + n
14. The figure formed by four points it + tj + kt, 2it + 3tj ,
12. Find the area of a curve xy = 4 , bounded by the 3it - 5tj - 2kt, kt - tj is a
lines x = 1 and x = 3 and X -axis. (a) parallelogram (b) rectangle
(a) log 12 (b) log 64
(c) trapezium (d) square
(c) log 81 (d) log 27
Sol : Here av = it + 2tj + 3kt and bv = 3it + 2tj - 2kt

$
Let the vertices be OA = it + tj + kt, rv = ìt + 2tj + 3ktj + l `3it + 2tj - 2ktj
$ $
OB = 2it + 3tj , OC = 3it + 5tj - 2kt and Thus (b) is correct option.
$
OD = kt - tj 17. # 1 + cos x dx is equal to
(a) 2 sin a x k + C (b) 2 sin a x k + C
$ $
AB = it + 2tj - kt, BC = it + 2tj - 2kt 2 2
$
CD =- 3it - 6tj + 3kt = - (it + 2tj - kt) (c) 2 2 sin a x k + C (d) 1 sin a x k + C
2 2 2
$
DA = it + 2tj + kt Sol :
$ $ $ $
It is clear that, AB ! BC ! CA ! DA # 1 + cos x dx = # 2 cos2 (x/2) dx
$ $
Also, AB || CD = 2 # cos (x/2) dx
Hence, figure formed by four points is a trapezium. sin (x/2)
Thus (c) is correct option. = 2 +C
1/2
= 2 2 sin (x/2) + C
15. If P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3 and P ^B h = 0.6 ,
then the events will be Thus (c) is correct option.
(a) dependent (b) independent
18. The family of curves y = ea sin x , where a is an
(c) cannot say anything (d) None of the above arbitrary constant is represented by the differential
equation
Sol : dy dy
(a) log y = tan x (b) y log y = tan x
Given, dx dx
P Â j B h = 0.83 , P Âh = 0.3 dy dy
(c) y log y = sin (d) log y = cos x
dx dx
and P ^B h = 0.6
Sol :
Given curve is y = ea sin x
0.83 = 0.3 + 0.6 - P Â k B h On taking log both sides, we get
P Â k B h = 0.9 - 0.83 = 0.07 sin x =
log y
a
Now, P Âh $ P ^B h = 0.3 # 0.6 = 0.18 dy dy log y
= ea sin x $ a cos x & = y cos x $
dx dx sin x
P Âh $ P ^B h ! P Â k B h
dy
Hence, events are dependent. y log y = tan x
dx
16. Find the equation of the line which passes through 19. Assertion: if 2P (A) = P (B) = 5 and P b A l = 2 ,
13 B 5
the point ^1, 2, 3h and is parallel to the vector
3it + 2tj - 2kt. then P (A j B) is 11
26
(a) ìt + tj + 3ktj + l `3it + 2tj - 2ktj
Reason: J, F, E1 and E2 are two events. then
(b) ìt + 2tj + 3ktj + l `3it + 2tj - 2ktj
P (E1 j E2)
(c) ìt + 2tj + 5ktj + l `3it + 2tj - 2ktj P b E1 l = , 0 1 P (E2) # 1
E2 P (E2)
(d) ìt + 2tj + 3ktj + l `5it + 2tj - 2ktj (a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a
Sol :
We know that the equation of the line passing a correct explanation for Assertion.
through the position vector av and parallel to the
vector bv is (c) Assertion is true; Reason is false.
rv = av + lbv
Sol : now av×bv = - 3tj - 3kt

Given that,
= (- 3) 2 + (- 3) 2
2P (A) = P (B) = 5
13 = 9+9
P (A j B)
P (A) = = 18
P (B)
2 = P (A j B) = 3 2 square units
5 5
13 Hence, Assertion is true; reason is false,
P (A k B) = 2 # 5 = 2 Thus (c) is correct option.
5 13 13
Again,
P (A j B) = P (A) + P (B) - P (A k B)
Section - B
= 5 + 5 - 2
26 13 13 This section comprises of very short answer
= 5 + 10 - 4
26
21. Determine the value of k for which the following
= 11 function is continuous at x = 3 :
26
As we know that, if E1 and E2 are two events, then (x + 3) 2 - 36
P (E1 k E2) f (x) = * x-3
, x!3
P b E1 l = , 0 # P (E2) # 1 k, x=3
E2 P (E2)
20. Assertion : area of the parallelogram whose adjacent (x + 3) 2 - 36

sides are it + tj - kt and 2it - j + kt is 3 2 square We have f (x) = * x-3
, x!3
k, x=3
units.
Reason : area of the parallelogram whose adjacent Let f (x) is continuous at x = 3 , then we have
sides are represented by the vectors av and bv is
lim f (x) = f (3)
av - bv x"3
(a) Assertion is true, reason is true, reason is a (x + 3) 2 - 36

lim =k
correct explanation for assertion. x"3 x-3
(b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a (x + 3) 2 - 62
lim =k
correct explanation for assertion. x"3 x-3
(x + 3 - 6) (x + 3 + 6)
(c) Assertion is true, reason is false. lim =k
x"3 x-3
(d) Assertion is false, reason is true. (x - 3) (x + 9)
lim =k
x"3 (x - 3)
Sol :
lim (x + 9) =k
x"3
As we know that area of the parallelogram whose
adjacent side are represented by the vectors av is bv 3 + 9 = k & k = 12
is av×bv or
so, given Reason is false. Determine the value of constant k so that the
kx , if x 1 0
function f (x) = * x
Let av = it + tj - kt and bv = 2it - tj + kt
is continuous at x = 0 .
Rt t tV 3, if x $ 0
Si j kW
then av×bv = S1 1 - 1W Sol :
S W
S2 - 1 1W
kx , if x 1 0
f (x) = * x
T X
= it(1 - 1) - tj (1 + 2) + kt(- 1 - 2) Let is continuous at x = 0
3, if x $ 0
= 3tj - 3kt
then, lim f (x) = lim f (0 - h) = f (0)
x " 0+ x " 0-
k (- h) 2 2
av + bv = av + 0 + 0 + bv
2
lim f (0 + h) = lim =3
h"0 h"0 -h
2
(13) 2 = (5) 2 + bv
lim b - kh l = 3 & lim (- k) = 3
h"0 h h"0 2
169 = 25 + bv
k =- 3
2
169 - 25 = bv
22. If A and B are square matrices of the same order
2
3, such that A = 2 and AB = 2I . Write the values 144 = bv & bv = 12
of B .
as length is always positive.
Sol :
25. Find the general solution of the following differential
We know that, equation êx + e-x h dy - êx - e-x h dx = 0
(i) kA = kn A , if A is square matrix of n th order
Sol :
(ii) AB = A # B
Here, we have AB = 2I and n = 3 Given differential equation is
ê + e h dy - ê - e h dx = 0
x -x x -x
AB = 2I
dy x -x
= 23 I = 8 $ 1 = 8 = ex - e-x
dx e +e
A B =8 Separating the variable, we get
x -x
2$ B = 8 & B = 4 dy = ex - e-x dx
e +e
23. If P ^not Ah = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7 and P ^B/Ah = 0.5 , Integrating the variables, we get
then find P Â/B h . x -x
Sol : # dy = # eex - e dx
+ e-x
We have P Â'h = 0.7 , P ^B h = 0.7 Put ex + e-x = t
ê - e h dx = dt
x -x
and P b B l = 0.5
A
Now P Âh = 1 - P Â'h # dy = # dtt
= 1 - 0.7 = 03 y = log t + C
P Â k B h y = log ex + e-x + C
Now, Pb B l =
A P Âh
y = log ex - e-x + C
P Â k B h
0.5 = is the required solution.
0.3
P Â k B h = 0.15
Pb A l =
P Â k B h 0.15
=
Section - C
B P ^B h 0.7
This section comprises of short answer-
Thus Pb A l = 3 type questions (SA) of 3 marks each.
B 14
24. If av and bv are perpendicular vectors, av + bv = 13 26. Find the particular solution of the differential
and av = 5 , then find the value of bv . equation (+ e2x ) dy + (1 + y2) ex dx = 0 , given that
y = 1, when x = 0 .
Sol :
Sol :
We have av + bv = 13
We have (1 + e2x ) dy + (1 + y2) ex dx = 0
av = 5 Separating the variables, we get
Now,(av + bv) $ (av + bv) = av $ av + av $ bv + bv $ av + bv $ bv dy - ex dx
2 =
1+y 1 + e2x
Integrating both sides, we have A-1 = 1 $ adj A

A
dy ex dx
# 2 =- # R- 2 0 2V
1+y 1 + e2x S W
1
= S 5 - 2 - 1W
Substituting ex = t & ex dx = dt in RHS, we get 4S
S 1 2 - 1WW
1 dt Given, systems of X
T the equations is x + y + z = 6 ,
tan-1 y =- #
1 + t2 x + 2z = 7 , 3x + y + z = 12 , which can be written
tan-1 y =- tan-1 t + C in matrix form as
AX = B
tan-1 y =- tan-1 (ex ) + C ...(1)
R1 1 1V Rx V R6V
Also, given that y = 1, when x = 0 . S W S W S W
Substituting above values in Eq. (1), we get where A = S1 0 2W , X = Sy W and B = S 7 W
SS3 1 1WW SSz WW SS12WW
tan-1 1 =- tan-1 (e0) + C T X T X T X
Since A-1 exists, system has a unique solution given
tan-1 1 =- tan-1 1 + C by
2 tan-1 1 = C X = A-1 B .
Rx V R- 2 0 2 VR 6 V
2 tan-1 a tan p k = C S W S WS W
4 Sy W = 1 S 5 - 2 - 1WS 7 W
SSz WW 4 SS 1 2 - 2WWSS12WW
C = 2#p = p
4 2 T X TR XTV X
p S- 12 + 0 + 24W
Substituting C = in Eq. (1), we get
2 = 1 S 30 - 14 - 12 W
4S
S 6 + 14 - 12 WW
tan y =- tan-1 ex + p
-1
T X
2 Rx V R12V R3V
p
y = tan 9 - tan-1 (ex )C = cot [tan-1 (ex )] S W S W S W
2 Sy W = 1 S 4 W = S1W
4S W S W
SSz WW S 8 W S2W
= cot ;cot-1 b 1x lE T X T X T X
e
1 Hence, x = 3 , y = 1, z = 2
y = x
e
which is the required solution. or
R2 - 3 5 V
S W
If A = S3 2 - 4W , find A-1 .
R1 1 1V SS1 1 - 2WW
S W
27. If A = S1 0 2W , find A-1 . T X
Use it to solve the system of equations
SS3 1 1WW
2x - 3y + 5z = 11. 3x + 2y - 4z = - 5 , x + y - 2z =- 3.
T X
Hence, solve the system of equations x + y + z = 6 ,
x + 2z = 7 , 3x + y + z = 12 . Sol :
R2 - 3 5 V
S W
Sol : We have, A = S3 2 - 4W
R1 1 1V SS1 1 - 2WW
S W T X
We have, A = S1 0 2W 2 -3 5
SS3 1 1WW Here A = 3 2 -4
T X 1 1 -2
A = 1 (0 - 2) - 1 (1 - 6) + 1 (1 - 0)
= 2 (- 4 + 4) + 3 (- 6 + 4) + 5 (3 - 2)
=- 2 + 5 + 1 = 4 ! 0
Since A ! 0 , matrix A is non-singular and A-1 =- 6 + 5
exists. A =- 1
R- 2 0 2 V
S W Since A ! 0 , matrix A is non-singular and A-1
adj (A) = S 5 - 2 - 1W exists.
SS 1 2 - 1WW
Cofactors of elements of A are
T X
Sol :
A11 = 0 A21 =- 1 A31 = 2
Equation of a line joining the points B (0, - 1, 3)
A12 = 2 A22 =- 9 A32 = 23
and C (2, - 3, - 1) ,
A13 = 1 A23 =- 5 A33 = 13
rv = (0it - tj + 3kt) + l [(2 - 0) it + (3 - 1) tj + (- 1 - 3) kt]
R 0 2 1 VT
S W = (- tj + 3kt) + l (2it - 2tj - 4kt)
adj (A) = S- 1 - 9 - 5W
SS 2 23 13 WW = (2l) it + (- 2l - 1) tj + (- 4l + 3) kt
T X
R0 - 1 2V So, any point on line BC is to the form
S W
= S2 - 9 23W (2l, - 2l - 1, - 4l + 3)
SS1 - 5 13WW
Let foot of the perpendicular drawn from point
T X
A to the line BC be T (2l, - 2l - 1, - 4l + 3) as
A-1 = 1 adj (A) shown below
A
R0 - 1 2V
S W
= (- 1) S2 - 9 23W
SS1 - 5 13WW
T X
R 0 1 -2 V
S W
= S- 2 9 - 23W
SS- 1 5 - 13WW
T X
Now, consider the given system of linear equations
2x - 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y - 4z =- 5
and x + y - 2z =- 3 Now, DR’s of line AT is
which can be written in matrix form as
(2l + 1, - 2l - 1 - 8, - 4l + 3 - 4)
AX = B ...(ii)
or (2l + 1, 2l - 9, - 4l - 1).
R2 - 3 5 V Rx V R 11 V
S W S W S W Since, AT is perpendicular to BC , using
where, A = S3 2 - 4W , X = Sy W and B = S- 5W a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2 = 0 we have
SS1 1 - 2WW SSz WW SS- 3WW
2 # (2l + 1) + (- 2) # (- 2l - 9) + (- 4) (- 4l - 1) = 0
T X T X T X
Since A-1 exists, system has a unique solution given
4l + 2 + 4l + 18 + 16l + 4 = 0
by
X = A-1 B . 24l + 24 = 0 & l =- 1
Rx V R 0 1 - 2 VR 11 V Coordinate of foot of perpendicular is
S W S WS W T (2 # (- 1)), - 2 # (- 1) - 1, - 4 # (- 1) + 3 or
Sy W = S- 2 9 - 23WS- 5W [from Eq. (i)]
SSz WW SS- 1 5 - 13WWSS- 3WW T (- 2, 1, 7)
T X T XT X Let P (x, y, z) be the image of a point A with respect
R -5 + 6 V R1V to the line BC . So, point T is the mid-point of AP .
S W S W
= S- 22 - 45 + 69W = S2W Coordinates of T = Coordinates of mid-point of AP
SS- 11 - 25 + 39WW SS3WW
y+8 z+4
(- 2, 1, 7) = b x - 1,
2 l
T X T X ,
Equating the corresponding elements, we get 2 2
x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3 Equating the corresponding coordinates, we get
y+8
-2 = x - 1, 1 = and 7 = z + 4
28. Find the coordinates of the foot of perpendicular 2 2 2
drawn from the point A (- 1, 8, 4) to the line joining x = - 3 , y =- 6 and z = 10
the points B (0, - 1, 3) and C (2, - 3, - 1). Hence, Hence, coordinates of the foot of perpendicular
find the image of the point A in the line BC . is T (- 2, 1, 7) and image of the point A is
P (- 3, - 6, 10)
3
+ 3x + 4 3ax + b, if x 2 1
29. Evaluate #x x 31. If the function f (x) given by f (x) = * 11, if x = 1
Sol : 5ax - 2b, if x 1 1
is continuous at x = 1, then find the values of a
x 3 + 3x + 4
Let I = # x
and b .
Sol :
3
= # c xx1/2 + x31x/2 + x41/2 mdx 3ax + b, if x 2 1
Given , f (x) = * 11, if x = 1 is continuous at
= # ^x5/2 + 3 $ x1/2 + 4 $ x-1/2hdx 5ax - 2b, if x 1 1
x = 1.
= # x5/2 dx + 3 # x1/2 dx + 4 # x-1/2 dx LHL = RHL = f (1) ...(i)
= 2 x7/2 + 3 # 2 x3/2 + 4 # 2 $ x1/2 + C Now, LHL = lim f (x) = lim (5ax - 2b)
7 3 x " 1- x " 1-
= lim [5a (1 - h) - 2b]

= 2 x7/2 + 2x3/2 + 8x1/2 + C h"0
7
[put x = 1 - h ; when x " 1- , then h " 0 ]
Hence, I = 2 x7/2 + 2x3/2 + 8 x + C = lim (5a - 5ah - 2b) = 5a - 2b
7 h"0
30. Show that the relation S in the set R of real and RHL = lim (3ax + b) = lim [3a (1 + h) + b]
x " 1+ h"0
numbers defined as S = $â, b h: a, b d R and a # b3, [put x = 1 + h ; when x " 1+ , then h " 0 ]
is neither reflexive not symmetric not transitive.
= lim (3a + 3ah + b) = 3a + b
Sol : h"0
Also, given that f (1) = 11

S = $â, b h: a, b d R and a # b3,
On substituting these values in Eq. (i), we get
Reflexive
5a - 2b = 3a + b = 11
As 1 # b 1 l , where 1 d R , is true.
3
2 2 2
3a + b = 11 ...(ii)
1 1 Y S
b 2, 2 l d and 5a - 2b = 11 ...(iii)
Thus, S is not reflexive. On substituting 3 # Eq. (iii) from 5 #Eq. (ii), we
Symmetric get
As - 2 # ^3 h3 , where - 2, 3 d R , is true but 13a + 5b - 15a + 6b = 55 - 33
3 # ^- 2h3 is not true.
11b = 22 & b = 2
i.e. ^- 2, 3h d S but ^3, - 2h d Y S.
Therefore, S is not symmetric. On putting the value of b in Eq. (ii), we get
Transitive 3a + 2 = 11 & 3a = 9 & a = 3
As 3 # b 3 l and 3 # b 4 l , where 3, 3 , 4 d R , are
3 3
Hence, a = 3 and b = 2 .
2 2 3 2 3
true but 3 # b 4 l is not true.
3
or
3
Find the value of k , so that the functions f defined
i.e. b 3, 3 l d S and b 3 , 4 l d S but b 3, 4 l d S . kx + 1, if x # p
2 2 3 3 by f (x) = * is continuous at x = p .
cos x if x 2 p
Therefore, S is not transitive.
Sol :
Hence, S is neither reflexive not symmetric not
transitive. l (x2 - 2x), if x # 0
Let f (x) = * is continuous at
4x + 1, if x 2 0
x = 0.
Then, (LHL) x = 0 = (RHL) x = 0 = f (0) ...(i)
Now, f (0) = l [0 - 0] = 0 , (i) strictly increasing on the intervals (- 2, 1) and

(3, 3).
LHL = lim f (x) = lim f (0 - h)
x " 0- h"0 (ii) strictly decreasing on the intervals (- 3, - 2)
= l lim [(0 - h) 2 - 2 (0 - h)] and (1, 3).
h"0
= l#0 = 0 or
A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. Bottom
and RHL = lim f (x) = lim f (0 + h)
x " 0+ h"0 of ladder is pulled along the ground away from wall
= lim 4 (0 + h) + 1 = 1 at the rate of 2 m/s. How fast is the height on the
h"0
wall decreasing, when the foot of ladder is 4 m away
LHL ! RHL, which is a contradiction to Eq. (i).
from the wall?
There is no value of l for which f (x) is continuous
at x = 0 . Sol :
Let AC be the ladder, BC = x and height of the
wall, AB = y . As per question the figure is shown
Section - D below.

32. Find the intervals in which the function given by
f (x) = 3 x 4 - 4 x3 - 3x2 + 36x + 11 is
10 5 5
(i) strictly increasing
(ii) strictly decreasing.
Sol :
We have f (x) = 3 x 4 - 4 x3 - 3x2 + 36x + 11

10 5 5 As the ladder is pulled along the ground away from
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get the wall at the rate of 2 m/s, we have
f l (x) = 6 x3 - 12 x2 - 6x + 36 dx = 2 m/s
5 5 5
dt
For strictly increasing or strictly decreasing, put dy
f l (x) = 0 , we get To find , when x = 4 .
dt
6 x3 - 12 x2 - 6x + 36 = 0 In right angled TABC , by Pythagoras theorem, we
5 5 5 get
x3 - 2x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
(AB) 2 + (BC) 2 = (AC) 2
^x - 1h^x + 2h^x - 3h = 0
x2 + y2 = 25 ...(1)
x =- 2, 1, or 3
(4) 2 + y2 = 25
Now, we find intervals in which f (x) is strictly
increasing or strictly decreasing. 16 + y2 = 25
Interval f' (x) Sign of f' (x) y2 = 9

^x + 2h^x - 1h^x - 3h
y = 9 =3
x 1- 2 (-) (-) (-) - ve Differentiating both sides of Eq. (1) w.r.t. t , we get
- 2 1 x 1 1 (+) (-) (-) + ve dy
2x dx + 2y =0
11x13 (+) (+) (-) - ve dt dt
dy
x23 (+) (+) (+) + ve x dx + y =0 ...(2)
dt dt
A function f (x) is said to be strictly increasing, if Substituting the values of x , y and dx in Eq. (2)
dt
f' (x) 2 0 and it is said to be strictly decreasing, if dy
f' (x) 1 0 . So, the given function f (x) is 4#2+3# =0
dt
dy Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the

8+3# =0
dt first quadrant.
dy
= - 8 m/s Now we draw all line on the graph and find the
dt 3 common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABCDA.
Hence, height of the walls is decreasing at the rate Solving equations 2x - y = 0 and x + 2y = 100 , we
get B ^20, 40h . Again, solving equations 2x - y = 0
of 8 m/s.
3 and 2x + y = 200 , we get C ^50, 100h . The corner
NOTE In a rate of change of a quantity, + ve sign points of the feasible region are A ^0, 50h , B ^20, 40h ,
shows that it is increasing and - ve sign shows that C ^50, 100h and D ^0, 200h .
it is decreasing.
33. Maximise and minimise Z = x + 2y subject to the

constraints
x + 2y $ 100
2x - y # 0
2x + y # 200
x, y $ 0
Solve the above LPP graphically.
Sol :
Z = x + 2y
Subject to constraints,
x + 2y $ 100 ...(i)
2x - y # 0 ...(ii)
2x + y # 200 ...(iii)
and x $ 0, y $ 0 can check the profit function at all the vertices to
(i) Region corresponding to x + 2y $ 100 : find the maxima. The values of Z at corner points
are given below
Line x + 2y = 100
x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is false for
x + 2y $ 100 . So, the region is A ^0, 50h Z = 0 + 2 # 50 = 100
y 50 0
away from the origin. B ^20, 40h Z = 20 + 2 # 40 = 100
C ^50, 100h Z = 50 + 2 # 100 = 250
(ii) Region corresponding to 2x - y # 0 :
D ^0, 200h Z = 0 + 2 # 200 = 400
Line 2x - y = 0
The maximum value of Z is 400 at D ^0, 200h and
x 0 10 Point ^0, 5h is true for 2x - y # 0 the minimum value of Z is 100 at the points on the
y 0 20 , thus region includes ^0, 5h and line segment joining A ^0, 50h and B ^20, 40h .
towards y axis.
or
(iii) Region corresponding to 2x + y # 200 : A manufacturer has employed 5 skilled men and
10 semi-skilled men and makes two models A and
Line 2x + y = 200 B of an article. The making of one item of model
x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is true for A requires 2 hours work by a skilled man and 2
2x + y # 200 . So, the region is hours by a semi-skilled man. One item of model B
y 200 0
towards the origin. requires 1 hour by a skilled man and 3 hours by
semi-skilled man. No man is expected to work more
than 8 hours per day. The manufacturer profit on an

item of model A is Rs. 15 and on an items of model
B is Rs. 10. How many of items of models should
be made per day in order to maximize daily profit?
Formulate the above LPP and solve it graphically
and find the maximum profit.
Sol :
Let the company produce x items of A model and y
items of B model. Clearly x $ 0 and y $ 0 .
The manufacturer profit on an item of model A is
Rs. 15 and on an items of model B is Rs. 10.
Profit function Z = 15x + 10y
Now, total time spent by 5 skilled men should be
less than 40 and the total time spent by 10 semi-
skilled men should be less than 80.
We tabulate the given data as given below.
A B Time Spent in 8 h can check the profit function at all the vertices to
find the maxima. The values of Z at corner points
Skilled (5) 2h 1 h 2x + y # (8 # 5)
are given below
Semi Skilled (10) 2h 3 h 2x + 3y # (8 # 10)
Now problem reduced to LPP,
A ^0, h80
3 Z = 15 ^0 h + 10 ^ 803 h = 800
3
Maximize Z = 15x + 10y
B ^10, 20h Z = 15 ^10h + 10 ^20h = 350
subject to 2x + y # 40 ...(i)
C ^20, 0h Z = 15 ^20h + 10 ^0 h = 300
2x + 3y # 80 ...(ii) O ^0, 0h Z = 15 ^0 h + 10 ^0 h = 0
Clearly x $ 0 and y $ 0 Thus, the maximum profit of Rs 350 is at point
(i) Region corresponding to 2x + y # 40 : B ^10, 20h . Hence, the manufacturer should makes
10 items of A model and 20 items of B model for
Line 2x + y = 40 maximum profit of Rs. 350.
x 0 20 Point ^0, 0h is true for
2x + y # 40 . So, the region is 34. (i) Evaluate sin-1 c sin 3p m .
y 40 0 5
towards the origin.
(ii) Write the value of tan-1 b tan 3p l .
4
(ii) Region corresponding to 2x + 3y # 80 :
(iii) Write the principal value of tan-1 <sin d- p nF .
Line 2x + 3y = 80 2
x 0 40 Point ^0, 0h is true for Sol :

y 80
0 2x + 3y # 80 , So, the region is
sin-1 c sin 3p m = 3p g <- p , p F
3
towards the origin. (i)
5 5 2 2
first quadrant. which is the principal value branch of sin-1 x .
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the Now, sin-1 c sin 3p m = sin-1 ;sin c p - 2p mE
common area. Clearly, feasible region is OABCO . 5 5
Solving equation 2x + y = 40 and 2x + 3y = 80 = sin c sin m
-1 2p
we get B ^10, 20h . The corner points of the feasible 5
region are A ^0, 803 h , B ^10, 20h , C ^20, 0h , O ^0, 0h .
= 2p d <- p , p F
5 2 2
Hence, sin-1 c sin 3p m = 2p

5 5
(ii) tan-1 b tan 3p l = tan-1 <tan d p - p nF = p + d- p n

4 4 4 6
= tan-1 d- tan p n =p-p

4 4 6
=- tan-1 d tan p n = 3p - 2p
4 12
=- p
4 = p
12
[since tan-1 ^- qh =- tan-1 q ]
(ii) cos-1 c cos 2p m + sin-1 c sin 2p m
(iii) tan <sin d- p nF = tan-1 <- sin p F
-1 3 3
2 2
= cos-1 (cos d p - p n2 + sin-1 (sin d p - p n2
[since sin ^- qh =- sin q ] 3 3
= tan-1 ^- 1h = cos-1 d- cos p n + sin-1 d sin p n

3 3
=- tan-1 1
= cos-1 b- 1 l + p
=- p 2 3
4
[since tan ^- qh = - tan q = 2p + p = p
3 3
or
;Since Put cos-1 b- 2 l = q, q d 70, pAE
1
Using the principal value, evaluate the following:
(i) tan-1 1 + sin-1 b- 1 l
2
cos q =- 1 =- cos p = cos d p - p n
2 3 3
(ii) cos c cos m + sin-1 c sin 2p m
-1 2 p
3 3
cos q = cos 2p
Sol : 3
(i) tan-1 1 + sin-1 b- 1 l q = 2p

2 3
Range of the principal value branch of tan-1 is
p p cos-1 b- 1 l = 2p
a- 2 , 2 k and range of the principal value branch of 2 3
sin-1 is 9- p , p C .
2 2
Let tan 1 = q , then tan q = 1 = tan p
-1
4
q = p d d- p , p n
4 2 2
Again, let sin-1 b- 1 l = f ,

2
Then sin f =- 1 =- sin p
2 6 35. Find the shortest distance between the following
y-5 z-7 x+1 y+1 z+1
Now, sin f =- 1 =- sin p lines. x - 3 = = , = = .
2 6 1 -2 1 7 -6 1
= sin d- p n Sol :
6
Given equations of lines are
Hence, f =- p
6
We have x-3 = y-5 = z-7 ...(1)
1 -2 1
sin b- 1 l =- p
-1
x+1 = y+1 = z+1
2 6 and ...(2)
7 -6 1
So, tan 1 + sin b- 1 l = q + f
-1 -1
2
Comparing above equations with one point form of

equation of line, i.e.
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1 ,
a b c
we get a1 = 1, b1 =- 2 , c1 = 1,
x1 = 3 , y1 = 5 , z1 = 7
and a2 = 7 , b2 =- 6 , c2 = 1, x2 =- 1,
y2 =- 1, z2 =- 1
Shortest distance between two lines is given by
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1
Region Represented by 3x + y # 15 : The line
a1 b1 c1
3x + y = 15 meets the axes at P ^5, 0h and Q ^0, 15h
a2 b2 c2
d = . Draw a thick line joining P and Q . We find
(b1 c2 - b2 c1) 2 + (c1 a2 - c2 a1) 2 that (0,0) satisfies the inequality 3x + y # 15 . So,
+ (a1 b2 - a2 b1) 2 the portion containing the origin, represents the
solution set of the inequality 3x + y # 15 .
-1 - 3 -1 - 5 -1 - 7
1 -2 1
7 -6 1
d =
(- 2 - 6) 2 + (7 - 1) 2 + (- 6 + 14) 2
-4 -6 -8
1 -2 1
7 -6 1
=
(4) 2 + (6) 2 + (8) 2
- 4 (- 2 + 6) + 6 (1 - 7) - 8 (- 6 + 14)
=
(4) 2 + (6) 2 + (8) 2
- 4 (4) + 6 (- 6) - 8 (8)
=
16 + 36 + 64
= - 16 - 36 - 64
116
Thus, the double shaded region, common to the
= - 116 = 116 = 116 above two shaded regions, represented by the given
116 116
inequalities, is the required solution region of the
Hence, the required shortest distance is 116 units. given system of inequalities. Hence, all the points
in this common (double) shaded region are the
or
solutions of the given system of linear inequalities.
Solve graphically the following system of in equations.
x + 2y $ 20 , 3x + y # 15
Sol :
First we convert the inequalities x + 2y $ 20
and 3x + y # 15 into equations x + 2y = 20 and
3x + y = 15 respectively.
Region Represented by x + 2y $ 20 : The line
x + 2y = 20 meets the axes at A ^20, 0h and B ^0, 10h .
Draw a thick line joining A and B . We find that
(0,0) does not satisfy the inequality x + 2y $ 20 .
So, the portion, which does not contain the
origin, represents the solution set of the inequality
x + 2y $ 20 .
or 100 du = e0.01t dt
Section - E
=- 0.01 # 1 0.01t
2e dt
Case study based questions are compulsory. ê0.01t + 1h
36. Different types of drugs affect your body in different =- # 12 du
ways, and the effects associated with drugs can u
vary from person to person. How a drug effects 1
an individual is dependent on a variety of factors = +C
e0.01t + 1
including body size, general health, the amount and
strength of the drug, and whether any other drugs When the shot is initially administered, t = 0 and
are in the system at the same time. It is important 0.5 = 1 + C or C = 0
to remember that illegal drugs are not controlled e0 + 1
substances, and therefore the quality and strength
may differ from one batch to another. So, C^t h = 1
e0.01t + 1
(ii) After one hour, when t = 60 minutes, the con-
centration is
C ^60h = 1
e0.01^60h + 1
. 0.3543 mg/cm3
After three hours, when t = 180 minutes, the
concentration is
C ^180h = 1
e0.01^180h + 1
. 0.1419 mg/cm3
37. The Vande Bharat Express, also known as Train 18,

is a semi-high-speed, intercity, electric multiple unit
train operated by the Indian Railways on 4 routes
as of October 2022. Routes include New Delhi to
The concentration C ^ t h in milligrams per cubic Shri Mata Vaishno
centimeter ^mg/cm3h of a drug in a patient’s
bloodstream is 0.5 mg/cm3 immediately after an
injection and t minutes later is decreasing at the
rate
0.01t
C l^ t h = - 00.01
.01e 3
2 mg/cm per minute
^ t + 1h
e
A new injection is given when the concentration
drops below0.05 mg/cm3 .
(i) Find an expression for C ^ t h .
(ii) What is the concentration after 1 hour? After 3
hours?
Sol :
(i) C ^ t h = # C l^ t h dt In a survey at Vande Bharat Train, IRCTC asked

0.01t the passenger to rate and review the food served in
= # - 00.01.01 e dt train. Suppose IRCTC asked 500 passenger selected
ê + 1h2
t
at random to rate food according to price (low,
Let u = e0.01t + 1 medium, or high) and food (1, 2, 3, or 4 stars).
The results of this survey are presented in the two-
Then du = 0.01e0.01t way, or contingency, table below. The numbers in
dt
this table represent frequencies. For example, in the
third row and fourth column, 30 people rated the There are 100 passengers who rated the price
prices high and the food 4 stars. The last column high out of which 20 passengers rated the food
contains the sum for each row, and similarly, the 1 star.
bottom row contains the sum for each column.
These sums are often called marginal totals. Thus P (A | H) = 20 = 0.20
100
(iv) If passenger selected does not rate the food 4
Price Food rating stars, the probability that he or she rates the
* ** *** **** prices high,
Low 20 30 90 10 There are 90 + 120 + 220 = 430 passenger who
doesn’t rate the food 4 start. Out of which
Medium 50 80 90 30 20 + 10 + 40 = 70 passenger rated the prices
High 20 10 40 30 high.
Assume that these results are representative of the P (H | Dl) = 70
430
entire passenger of train, so the relative frequency
of occurrence is the true probability of the event. A = 0.163
passenger from train is randomly selected.
(i) Find the probability that the passenger rates 38. Publishing is the activity of making information,
the prices medium. literature, music, software and other content available
(ii) Find the probability that the passenger rates to the public for sale or for free. Traditionally,
the food 2 stars. the term refers to the creation and distribution
(iii) Suppose the passenger selected rates the prices of printed works, such as books, newspapers, and
high. What is the probability that he rates the magazines.
restaurants 1 star?
(iv) Suppose the passenger selected does not rate
the food 4 stars. What is the probability that
she rates the prices high?
Sol :
We prepare the following frequency table.
Price Food rating

* * * * * * ****
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Low (L) 20 30 90 10 150
Medium (M) 50 80 90 30 250 NODIA Press is a such publishing house having two
branch at Jaipur. In each branch there are three
High (H) 20 10 40 30 100 offices. In each office, there are 2 peons, 5 clerks and
90 120 220 70 500 3 typists. In one office of a branch, 5 salesmen are
also working. In each office of other branch 2 head-
(i) the probability that the passenger rates the
clerks are also working. Using matrix notations find:
prices medium,
(i) the total number of posts of each kind in all the
Now P (M) = 50 + 80 + 90 + 20 offices taken together in each branch.
500 (ii) the total number of posts of each kind in all the
= 250 = 0.5 offices taken together from both branches.
500
(ii) the probability that the passenger rates the Sol :
food 2 stars,
Consider the three row matrices,
P (B) = 30 + 80 + 10
500 A1 = [2 5 3 5 0]
= 120 = 0.24 A2 = [2 5 3 0 0]
500
(iii) If the passenger selected rates the prices high, A 3 = [2 5 3 0 0]
the probability that he rates the restaurants 1
star,
The matrices A1, A2, A3 represent the three offices of

one branch (say A ), where the elements appearing
Now, consider the three row matrices,
B1 = [2 5 3 0 2]
B2 = [2 5 3 0 2]
B3 = [2 5 3 0 2]
The matrices B1, B2, B3 represents the three offices of
other branch (say B ), where the elements appearing
offices of branch A are the elements of the matrix:
A = A1 + A2 + A3
= [2 5 3 5 0] + [2 5 3 0 0] + [2 5 3 0 0]
= [2 + 2 + 2 5 + 5 + 5 3 + 3 + 3 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0]
= [6 15 9 5 0]
(i) The total number of posts of each kind in all
the offices of branch B are the element of the
matrix:
B = B1 + B2 + B3
= [2 5 3 0 2] + [2 5 3 0 2] + [2 5 3 0 2]
= [6 15 9 0 6]
(ii) The total number of posts of each kind in all
the offices taken together from both branches
A and B are the elements of the matrix:
A + B = (A1 + A2 + A3) + (B1 + B2 + B3)
= [12 30 18 5 6]
***********

Class - 12th Exam - 2024 - 25
3. The function f ^x h = 2 + 4x2 + 6x 4 + 8x6 has

Section - A (a) only one maxima
(b) only one minima
(c) no maxima and minima
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 3, 4} , then which of the
(d) many maxima and minima
following relations is a function from A to B ?
(a) {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (2, 2)} Sol :
(b) {(1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3)}
f l^x h = 8x + 24x2 + 48x5, 6 x e R
(c) {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 3)}
and f m^x h = 8 + 72x2 + 240x 4 $ 8, 6 x e R
(d) {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
For maxima and minima, put
Sol :
f l^x h = 0
In the given options, only option (c) satisfies the
condition of a function. x ^8 + 24x2 + 48x 4h = 0
Thus (c) is correct option. x =0
2. The order of the differential equation Since, f m^x h > 0 , therefore, f has a local minima
dy 3/2 d2 y at x = 0 .
;1 + b dx lE = 2 is Moreover, f has no other critical point and f l^x h
dx
(a) 1 (b) 2 exists at all x e R .
Hence, there can be only one minima.
(c) 3 (d) 4
Sol :
Given differential equation can be rewritten as 4. # xe - 1 + ex - 1 dx is equal to
xe + ex
dy 3 d2 y 2
:1 + dx D = c 2 m (a) log (xe + ex ) + C (b) e log (xe + ex ) + C
dx
Here, degree is 2. (c) 1 log (xe + ex ) + C (d) None of these
e
Sol : 1 (1 - 3a) - 1 (- 5 - 2a) + 1 (15 + 2) ! 0

e-1 x-1
We have I = # x +e dx 1 - 3a + 5 + 2a + 17 = 0 & - a + 23 ! 0 , a ! 23
xe + ex
Hence, for the existence of the unique solution,
Substituting xe + ex = t & e (xe - 1 + ex - 1) dx = dt system of equations depends on a only.
I = 1 # dt = 1 log t + C
e t e
2x - 3
1
= log (x + ex ) + C
e 8. At x = 3 , the function f (x) = is
e 2 2x - 3
Thus (c) is correct option. (a) continuous (b) discontinuous
(c) differentiable (d) non-zero
5. Area of the region satisfying x # 2 , y # x and
x $ 0 is Sol :
(a) 4 sq units (b) 1 sq unit Z 2x - 3
]] , if x 2 3
(c) 2 sq units (d) None of these 2x - 3 2
We have f (x) = [ - (2x - 3) 3
] 2x - 3 , if x 1
Sol : 2
\
2 2
Z 3
x dx = :x D = 2 sq units ] 1, if x 2
2
Required area, A = #0 2 0 =[
2
3
Thus (c) is correct option. ]- 1, if x 1 2
\
Now, RHL = lim f (x) = lim 1 = 1
6. 2 sin-1 x = sin-1 ^2x 1 - x2 h holds good for all x " 3/2+ x " 3/2+
(a) x # 1 (b) 1 $ x $ 0 and LHL = lim f (x) = lim (- 1) =- 1

x " 3/2- x " 3/2-
(c) x # 1 (d) none of these RHL ! LHL

2
So, f (x) is discontinuous at x = 3 .
2
Sol : Thus (b) is correct option.
Since, 2 sin-1 x = sin-1 ^2x 1 - x2 h
Range of right hand side is 9- p , p C
2 2
p
- # 2 sin x # p
-1
2 2
p -1
- # sin x # p
4 4
x e ;- 1 , 1 E log x
2 2
If f (x) = * x - 1
, if x ! 1
9. is continuous at x = 1,
Thus (c) is correct option. k, if x = 1
7. The existence of the unique solution of the system (a) 0 (b) - 1
of equations x + y + z = b ; 5x - y + az = 10 and (c) 1 (d) e
2x + 3y = 6 depends on
(a) a only (b) b only Sol :
(c) Both a and b (d) Neither b nor a At x = 1,
Sol : log (1 + h)
At x = 1, lim f (x) = lim
x " 1+ h"0 1+h-1
Given system of equations is log (1 + h)
x + y + z = b , 5x - y + az = 10 and 2x + 3y - z = 6 = lim =1
h"0 h
1 1 1 As f (x) is continuous at x = 1.
For unique solution, 5 -1 a ! 0 lim f (x) = f (1) & 1 = k
x " 1+
2 3 -1
10. Given two vectors When x = 5 , y =0

av = 2it - 3tj + 6kt, bv =- 2it + 2tj - kt 1 = 5+c
v
the projection of av on b 2
and l = v on av
the projectin of b c =- 9
2
then the value of l is
e2y = x - 9
(a) 3 (b) 7 2 2
7 3
(c) 3 (d) 7 e6 = x - 9
When y = 3 ,
2 2
Sol :
6
x = 9+e
av cos q av 4 + 9 + 36 = 7 2
l = = =
v
b cos q bv 4+4+1 3 Thus (c) is correct option.
13. A constant force Fv = 2iv - 3vj + 2kv is acting on a
11. The integrating factor of the differential equation particle such that the particle is displaced from the
dy point A ^1, 2, 3h to the point B ^3, 4, 5h . The work
(x log x) + y = 2 log x is given by done by the force is
dx
(a) ex (b) log x (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) log log x (d) x (c) 17 (d) 2 51
Sol : Sol :
The given differential equation can be rewritten as Displacement vector

dy y dv = ^3 - 1h it + ^4 - 2h tj + ^5 - 3h kt
+ =2
dx x log x x
= 2it + 2tj + 2kt
It is of the form
dy Work done = Fv $ dv
+ Py = Q
dx = `2it - 3tj + 2ktj $ `2it + 2tj + 2ktj
Here, P = 1
x log x = 4-6+4
Q =2 =2
x
# 1 dx
IF = e x log x
14. The points (5, 2, 4), (6, - 1, 2) and (8, - 7, k) are
=e log logx
= log x collinear, if k is equal to
(a) - 2 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) - 1
12. If dy/dx = e-2y and y = 0 , when x = 5 , then the
value of x , when y = 3 is Sol :
(a) e5 (b) e6 + 1 Since, points are collinear.
6
(c) e + 9
5 2 4
(d) log e 6
2 Hence, 6 -1 2 = 0
Sol : 8 -7 k
dy 8 (4 + 4) + 7 (10 - 24) + k (- 5 - 12) = 0

= e-2y
dx
64 - 98 - 17k = 0
# e2y dy = # dx + c
k =- 2
e2y = x - 9 Thus (a) is correct option.
2 2
15. If x -coordinate of a point P of line joining the 18. Range of the function f (x) = x is
points and R (5, 2, - 2) is 4, then the z -coordinate 1 + x2
of P is (a) (- 3, 3) (b) [- 1, 1]
(a) - 2 (b) - 1
(c) :- 1 , 1 D (d) [- 2, 2]
(c) 1 (d) 2 2 2
Sol : Sol :
Suppose P divides QR in the ratio l : 1. Then x

Let, y =
5l + 2 2l + 2 - 2l + 1 1 + x2
coordinates of P are b l + 1 , l + 1 , l + 1 l .
x2 y - x + y = 0
Since, the x -coordinate of P is 4.
For x to be real, 1 - 4y 2 $ 0
Hence, 5l + 2 = 4
l+1 (1 - 2y) (1 + 2y) $ 0
l =2 1 1
b 2 - y lb 2 + y l $ 0
So, z -coordinate of P is
-1 # y # 1
- 2l + 1 =- 1 2 2
l+1
y = f (x) d :- 1 , 1 D
Thus (b) is correct option. 2 2
16. Minimum value of the function f ^x h = x2 + x + 1 is
p
(a) 1 (b) 3
tan x dx = p
2
19. Assertion: I = #0 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
4
Reason: tan x = t2 makes the integrand in I as a
Sol : rational function.
f ^x h = x2 + x + 1
2
= bx + 1 l + 3 $ 3 , 6x e R (b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not
2 4 4
17. If P Âh = 1 , P ^B h = 5 and P b B l = 1 , then (d) Assertion is false; Reason is true.
12 12 A 15
P Â j B h is equal to Sol :
(a) 89 (b) 90 p
180 180 2
I = #0 tan x dx ,
(c) 91 (d) 92
180 180 Substituting tan x = t2 we have
Sol :
dx = 2tdt 4
1+t
P Â k B h
We have Pb B l =
A P Âh If x = 0 , t = 0
1 = P Â k B h If x = p t =3
15 1
12
2
1 2 2
+ 1 + t2 - 1 dt
PÂ k B h = 180 I = #0 3 12t+dtt4 = #0 3 t 1 + t4
Also, P Â j B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â k B h 1+ 1
1- 1
= #0 3 t2 + t1 dt + #0 3 t2 + t1 dt
2 2
P Â j B h = 1 + 5 - 1 = 89 t 2
t2
12 12 180 180
d ^t - h 1
d ^t + 1t h
Thus (a) is correct option. = #0 3 +
t
#0 3
^ - th +2 ^t + t h - 2
1 2 1 2
t
= 1 tan-1 e
t - 1t 3
o +
1 1n t + t -
f
1
2
3
p Section - B
2 2 0 2 2 t + 1t + 2 0
= p +0 = p type-questions (VSA) of 2 marks each.
2 2
Thus (a) is correct option. 21. What is the range of the function
cos (q + a) cos (q + b) cos (q + g) x-1

f (x) = , x ! 1?
20. Assertion: f (q) = sin (q + a) sin (q + b) sin (q + g) x-1
sin (b - g) sin (g - a) sin (a - b) Sol :
is independent of q Firstly, redefine the function by using the definition
Reason: If f (q) = c then f (q) is independent of q x, x $ 0
of modulus function, i.e. by using x = *
(a) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is a - x, x < 0
correct explanation for Assertion. Further, simplify it to get the range.
(b) Assertion is true, Reason is true; Reason is not x-1
a correct explanation for Assertion. Given, function is f (x) = , x ! 1.
x-1
(c) Assertion is true; Reason is false. The above function can be written as
(d) Assertion is false; Reason is true. Z x-1
]] , if x > 1
x-1
Sol : f (x) = [ (x - 1)
]- x - 1 , if x < 1
Let, \
1, if x > 1
cos (q + a) cos (q + b) cos (q + g) f (x) = *
- 1, if x < 1
f (q) = sin (q + a) sin (q + b) sin (q + g) Hence, the range of f (x) is {- 1, 1} .
sin (b - g) sin (g - a) sin (a - b)
2 2
- sin (q + a) - sin (q + b) - sin (q + g) 22. If av # bv + av $ bv = 400 and av = 5 , then write
f l(q) = sin (q + a) sin (q + b) sin (q + g)
sin (b - g) sin (g - a) sin (a - b) the value of bv .
or
cos (q + a) cos (q + b) cos (q + g) v
If av = 7i + j - 4k and b = 2it + 6tj + 3kt, then find
t t t
+ cos (q + a) cos (q + b) cos (q + g)
sin (b - g) sin (g - a) sin (a - b) the projection of av on bv .
cos (q + a) cos (q + b) cos (q + g) Sol :

+ sin (q + a) sin (q + b) sin (q + g) Given,
0 0 0 2 2
We have av # bv + av $ bv = 400
= 0+0+0 = 0
and av = 5
f l(q) = 0
2 2
Now av # bv + av $ bv = 400
f (q) = c
2 2 2 2
Thus (a) is correct option. av bv sin2 q + av bv cos2 q = 400
2 2
av bv (sin2 q + cos2 q) = 400
2
25 $ bv = 400 [a av = 5]
2
bv = 16 & bv = 4
as length cannot be negative.
Here we have used the fact that
av # bv = av bv sin q
av $ bv = av bv cos q 25. Write the value of # sec2 x dx .

cosec2 x
or or
We have av = 7it + tj - 4kt Write the value of # dx .
x2 + 16
and bv = 2it + 6tj + 3kt Sol :
Now, the projection of av and bv is given by 1
We have I = # sec2 x dx = # cos2 x
dx
av $ bv (7it + tj - 4kt) $ (2it + 6tj + 3kt) cosec2 x 1
= sin2 x
bv 22 + 62 + 32
= # sin2 x dx
= 14 + 6 - 12 = 8 cos2 x
49 7
= # tan2 x dx tan2 x = sec2 x - 1
X is given below = # (sec2 x - 1) dx
X -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 = # sec2 x dx - # 1 dx = tan x - x + C
P ^X h p 2p 3p 4p 5p 7p 8p 9p 10p 11p 12p = # sec2 x dx - # 1 dx = tan x - x + C
Then, the value of p is or
(a) 1 (b) 3 dx
72 73 We have I = #
x2 + 16
(c) 5 (d) 1
72 74 = # 2 dx 2 # x2dx = 1 tan-1 x + C
x + (4) + a2 a a
Sol :
= tan-1 x + C
1
Sum of probabilities distribution = 1 4 4
p + 2p + 3p + 4p + 5p + 7p + 8p + 9p +
+ 10p + 11p + 12p = 1 Section - C
72p = 1 This section comprises of short answer-
p = 1
72
p
Thus (a) is correct option. 26. In the interval 1 x 1 p , find the value of x for
2
2 sin x 3
which the matrix >
2 sin x H
is singular.
24. If a line makes angles 90c, 60c and q with X , Y and 1
Z -axis respectively, where q is acute angle, then Sol :
find q .
Let
Sol : 2 sin x 3
A =>
2 sin x H
We have
If a line makes angles a , b and g with the x -axis, y 1
-axis and z -axis, respectively, the we have Since A is a singular matrix, we have
2 2 2
cos a + cos b + cos g = 1 A =0
2 2 2
cos 90c + cos 60c + cos q = 1 2 sin x 3
1 2 sin x = 0
0 + b 1 l + cos2 q = 1
2
2
4 sin2 x - 3 = 0
cos2 q = 1 - 1 = 3
4 4
3
sin2 x = 4
cos q = ! 3
2 Taking positive square root because p 1 x 1 p,
= cos 30c 2
sin x = 3
q = 30c 2
Since cos q cannot be negative as q is an acute angle. x = 2p
3
27. Evaluate P Â j B h , if 2P Âh = P ^B h = 5 and We write as 7p = 2p - 5p

13 6 6
A 2
Pb B l = . Now, cos b cos l = cos ;cos b 2p - 5p lE
-1 7 p -1
5 6 6
Sol : 5p
= cos b cos l
-1
6
We have 5p
=
6
2P Âh = P ^B h = 5 5p
Thus required value is 6 .
13
P Âh = , P ^B h = 5 and P b A l = 2
5
x sin x dx .
p
26 13 B 5 30. Evaluate #0
1 + cos2 x
P Â k B h
Now P b A l = or
B P ^B h
Evaluate #
p x tan x dx .
2 = P Â k B h 0 sec x + tan x
5 5
13
Sol :
P Â k B h = 2 # 5 = 2 x sin x dx p
5 13 13 We have I = #0 ...(i)
1 + cos2 x
p (p - x) sin (p - x)
= # dx
= 5 + 5 - 2 = 5 + 10 - 4 = 11 0 1 + cos2 (p - x)
26 13 13 26 26
p (p - x) sin x
= # dx ...(ii)
d2 y dy 2
0 1 + cos2 x
28. If ey (x + 1) = 1, then show that 2 = b dx l . Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
dx
Sol : 2I = #0
p p sin x dx
(1 + cos2 x)
We have ey (x + 1) = 1
Substituting cos x = t & - sin x dx = dt
sin x dx =- dt
log [ey (x + 1)] = log 1
when x = 0 , then t = 1 and x = p , then t =- 1
log ey + log (x + 1) = 0 dt , -1
Thus 2I =- p #
y + log (x + 1) = 0 y
[a log e = y] 1 + t2
1
=p#
1 dt
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get -1 (1 + t 2)
dy
+ 1 =0 ...(1) = p [tan -1 t] 1-1
dx x + 1
Again, differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get = p [tan-1 1 - tan-1 (- 1)]
d2 y 1 p2
- =0 = p 9 p - a- p kC = 2
dx2 (x + 1) 2 4 4
d2 y p2
dy 2 I = 4
2 - b- dx l = 0 from Eq. (1)
dx
or
d2 y dy 2
2 - b dx l = 0 p x tan x dx
dx We have I = #0 sec x + tan x
..(1)
2
dy dy 2
= b l Hence proved.
a a
dx2 dx Using the fact #0 f (x) dx = #0 f (a - x) dx we have

p (p - x) tan (p - x)
I = #0
29. Write the value of cos b cos 7p l .
-1 sec (p - x) + tan (p - x)
6
(p - x) tan x p
Sol : sec x + tan x
dx = #0 ...(2)
Here angle 7p6 doesn’t lie in the principal value Adding eqs. (1) and (2), we get
branch [0, p]. So we reduce the angle such that, it p p tan x dx
lies in principal value branch. 2I = #0 sec x + tan x
tan x (sec x - tan x) Now, we find interval in which f (x) is strictly

I =p
p
2
#0 (sec x + tan x) (sec x - tan x)
dx
increasing or strictly decreasing.
(tan x sec x - tan2 x) dx
=p
p
#0 Interval dy Sign of f' (x)
2 (sec2 x - tan2 x) = 4x (x - 1) (x - 2)
dx
2
= p # tan x sec x - sec x + 1 dx tan2 x = sec2 x - 1
p
20 1 (- 3, 0) (-) (-) (-) - ve
p
= [sec x - tan x + x] p0 (0, 1) (+) (-) (-) + ve
2
(1, 2) (+) (+) (-) - ve
= p [(sec p - tan p + p) - (sec 0 - tan 0 + 0)]
2 (2, 3) (+) (+) (+) + ve
p
= [sec p - sec 0 - tan p + tan 0 + p - 0]
2 Hence, y is strictly increasing in (0, 1) and (2, 3).
p Also, y is a polynomial function, so it continuous
= [- 1 - 1 - 0 + 0 + p - 0] at x = 0 , 1 and 2. Hence, y is increasing in
2
= p [p - 2] [0, 1] j 62, 3h .
2
31. The sides of an equilateral triangle are increasing at
the rate of 2 cm/s. Find the rate at which the area
increases, when the side is 10 cm?
Section - D
or This section comprises of long answer-
Find the value(s) of x for which y = [x (x - 2)] 2 is type questions (LA) of 5 marks each.
an increasing function.
32. Evaluate # x sin-1 x dx .
Sol : 1 - x2
Let a be the side of an equilateral triangle and A be Sol :
the area of an equilateral triangle.
We have x sin-1 x dx
I = #
We have da = 2 cm/s 1 - x2
dt
Area of an equilateral triangle, Substituting sin-1 x = t we get
3 a2 1 dx = dt
A =
4 1 - x2
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t , we get
Thus I = # t sin tdt
dA = 3 2a da Using integration by parts, taking t as the first
dt 4 # # dt
function and sin t as the second function, we get
= 3 # 2 # 10 # 2 [given, a = 10 ]
4 I = # tI sinII t dt
= 10 3 cm2/s
= t # sin t dt - # : d (t) $ # sin t dtD dt
Thus, the rate of area increasing is 10 3 cm2/s. dt
or =- t cos t - # (1 # - cos t) dt
We have y = [x (x - 2)] 2 = [x2 - 2x] 2 . =- t cos t + # cos tdt

Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x , we get = - t cos t + sin t + C
dy
= 2 (x2 - 2x) d (x2 - 2x) =- t 1 - sin2 t + sin t + C
dx dx
Substituting t = sin-1 x & x = sin t we have
= 2 (x2 - 2x) (2x - 2)
I =- sin-1 x 1 - x2 + x + C
= 4x (x - 2) (x - 1)
dy 33. Maximise and minimise Z = x + 2y subject to the
Substituting = 0 , we get
dx constraints
4x (x - 2) (x - 1) = 0
x + 2y $ 100
x = 0 , 1 and 2
2x - y # 0
2x + y # 200 get B ^20, 40h . Again, solving equations 2x - y = 0

and 2x + y = 200 , we get C ^50, 100h . The corner
x, y $ 0 points of the feasible region are A ^0, 50h , B ^20, 40h ,
Solve the above LPP graphically. C ^50, 100h and D ^0, 200h .
or
Maximise Z = 8x + 9y subject to the constraints
given below
2x + 3y # 6
3x - 2y # 6
y #1
x , y $ 0.
Sol :
Z = x + 2y
Subject to constraints,
x + 2y $ 100 ...(i)
2x - y # 0 ...(ii)
2x + y # 200 ...(iii)
and x $ 0, y $ 0
(i) Region corresponding to x + 2y $ 100 : Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we
Line x + 2y = 100 find the maxima. The values of Z at corner points
are given below
x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is false for x + 2y $ 100 .
y 50 0 So, the region is away from the Corner points Z = x + 2y
origin.
A ^0, 50h Z = 0 + 2 # 50 = 100
(ii) Region corresponding to 2x - y # 0 : B ^20, 40h Z = 20 + 2 # 40 = 100
C ^50, 100h Z = 50 + 2 # 100 = 250
Line 2x - y = 0
D ^0, 200h Z = 0 + 2 # 200 = 400
x 0 10 Point ^0, 5h is true for 2x - y # 0 ,
y 0 20 thus region includes ^0, 5h and The maximum value of Z is 400 at D ^0, 200h and
towards y axis. the minimum value of Z is 100 at the points on the
line segment joining A ^0, 50h and B ^20, 40h .
(iii) Region corresponding to 2x + y # 200 : or
Line 2x + y = 200 We have the following LPP,
x 0 100 Point ^0, 0h is true for Maximise Z = 8x + 9y

y 200 0 2x + y # 200 . So, the region is Subject to the constraints
towards the origin.
2x + 3y # 6 (i)
Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the 3x - 2y # 6 (ii)
first quadrant.
y #1 (iii)
common area. Clearly, feasible region is ABCDA. and x, y $ 0
Solving equations 2x - y = 0 and x + 2y = 100 , we
(i) Region corresponding to 2x + 3y # 6 : In the table, we find that maximum value of Z is

22.62, when x = 30 and y = 6 .
Line 2x + 3y = 6 13 13
x 0 3 Point (0, 0) is true for 2x + 3y # 6 34. Solve the following differential equation.
y y y
y 2 0 So, the region is towards the origin. :y - x cos a x kD dy + :y cos a x k2x sin a x kD dx = 0
or
(ii) Region corresponding to 3x - 2y # 6 :
Find the particular solution of the differential
Line 3x - 2y = 6 equation (3xy + y2) dx + (x2 + xy) dy = 0 , for x = 1
and y = 1.
x 2 0 Point (0, 0) is true for 3x - 2y # 6
So, the region is towards the origin. Sol :
y 0 -3
We have
(iii) For y # 1 the line y = 1 is perpendicular the x y y y
axis. On putting (0, 0) in the Inequality y # 1 is true :y - x cos a x kD dy + :y cos a x k2x sin a x kD dx = 0
for point (0, 0), thus the region is towards the origin.
dy 2x sin ^ yx h - y cos ^ yx h
Since x $ 0 , y $ 0 the feasible region lies in the =
dx y - x cos ^ yx h
first quadrant.
y
Now we draw all line on the graph and find the dy 2 sin ^ yx h - cos ^ yx h
= x ...(1)
x - cos ^ x h
common area. The shaded region OABCDO dx y y
represents the feasible region of the given LPP. The

which is a homogeneous differential equation as
point of intersection of the lines 2x + 3y = 6 and
3x - 2y = 6 is B ( 1330 6
, 13 ). The point of intersection dy y
= Fa k
of the lines 3x - 2y = 6 and y = 1 is C ( 32 , 1). The dx x
30 6
corner points are O (0, 0), A (2, 0), B ( 13 , 13 ), C ( 32 , 1) dy
and D (0, 1). dx dx
have
v + x dv = 2 sin v - v cos v
dx v - cos v
x dv = 2 sin v - v cos v - v
dx v - cos v
x dv = 2 sin v - v vcos v - v2 + v cos v
dx - cos v
2
x dv = 2 sin v - v
dx v - cos v
v - cos v dx
` v2 - 2 sin v j dv =- x
#a v - cos v dv = - # dx
v2 - 2 sin v k x
1 log v2 - 2 sin v =- log x + log C
1
Since, the feasible region is a bounded region, we 2
find the maxima. The values of Z at corner points log v2 - 2 sin v = log C1
x
are given below. 2 C
v - 2 sin v = 1
x
Corner points Z = 8x + 9y y2 y
- 2 sin a k = C1
O (0, 0) Z = 0+0 = 0 x2 x x
y
A (2, 0) Z = 8 # 2 + 0 = 16 y2 - 2 sin a k = C1
x
Z = 8 # 30 + 9 # 6 = 294 = 22.62
30 6
B( , ) y
13 13
13 13 13 y2 - 2x2 sin a k = C12
x
C ( 32 , 1) Z = 8 # 3 + 1 = 13 y
y2 - 2x2 sin a k =C, where C = C12
2 x
D (0, 1) Z = 0+9#1 = 9
or 35. Find the shortest distance between the lines

2 2
We have (3xy + y ) dx + (x + xy) dy = 0 rv = (4it - tj ) + l (it + 2tj - 3kt)
dy 3xy + y2 and rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + m (2it + 4tj - 5kt).
=- 2 ...(1)
dx x + xy
2 or
dy 3 yx + yx
=-
2
...(1) Find the shortest distance between the lines
dx 1 + yx x - 1 = y - 2 = z - 3 and x - 2 = y - 4 = z - 5 .
which is a homogeneous differential equation as 2 3 4 3 4 5
dy y Sol :
= Fa k
dx x
dy We have rv = (4it - tj ) + l (it + 2tj - 3kt)
dx dx and rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + m (2it + 4tj - 5kt)
have
2 Comparing Eqs. (1) and (2), with rv = av1 + lbv1 and
v + x dv =- 3v + v rv = av2 + mbv2 respectively, we get
dx 1+v
2 2
x dv =- c 3v + v + v + v m av1 = 4it - tj , bv1 = it + 2tj - 3kt
dx 1+v
2
av2 = it - tj + 2kt, bv2 = 2it + 4tj - 5kt
x dv =- c 2v + 4v m
and
dx 1+v
(1 + v) dv Here av2 - av1 = - 3it + 2kt
=- dx
2 (v2 + 2v) x
it tj kt
Integrating both sides, we get v v
and b 1 # b 2 = 1 2 - 3
# 1 + v dv =- # dx 2 4 -5
2 (v2 + 2v) x
= it(- 10 + 12) - tj (- 5 + 6) + kt(4 - 4)
Again, substituting v2 + 2v = z & (2v + 2dv) = dz
= 2it - tj
(1 + v) dv = dz
2
Then, Eq. (2) becomes, bv1 # bv2 = 22 + (- 1) 2
1 dz =- # dx = 4+1 = 5
# 2 # 2z x Now, the shortest distance between the given lines,
1 log z =- log x + log C
4 5 (bv1 # bv2) $ (av2 - av1)
d =
1 [log z + 4 log x ] = log C bv1 # bv2
4
log zx 4 = 4 log C (2it - tj ) $ (- 3it + 2kt)
=
5
zx 4 = C 4 & zx 4 = C1 ,
-6
where C1 = C 4 = = 6 units
5 5
x 4 (v2 + 2v) = C1 z = v2 + 2v or
2
y 2y y x-1 = y-2 = z-3
x4 c + m = C1 [put v = ] ...(3) We have
2 3 4
x2 x x
and x-2 = y-4 = z-5
Also, given that y = 1 for x = 1. 3 4 5
Substituting x = 1 and y = 1 in Eq. (3), we get Comparing the given equations of lines with
1 b 1 + 2 l = C1 & C1 = 3 standard form we have
1 1
x - x1 = y - y1 = z - z1
Thus substituting C1 = 3 in Eq. (3), we get a1 b1 c1
y2 2y x - x2 = y - y2 = z - z2 .
x4 c + m =3 and
a2 b2 c2
x2 x
y2 x2 + 2yx3 = 3 we get x1 = 1, y1 = 2 , z1 = 3 ;
which is the required particular solution. a1 = 2 , b1 = 3 , c1 = 4

and x2 = 2 , y2 = 4 , z2 = 5 ; Based on the above information, answer the

a2 = 3 , b2 = 4 , c2 = 5
(i) If l and b represents the length and breadth of
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 2-1 4-2 5-3 the rectangular region, then find the relationship
Now a1 b1 c1 = 2 3 4 between l ,b , p .
a2 b2 c2 3 4 5 (ii) Find the area (A) of the floor, as a function of is l
(iii) College authority is interested in maximising
1 2 2
the area of the floor A. For this purpose, find
= 2 3 4 the value of l .
3 4 5
or
= 1 (15 - 16) - 2 (10 - 12) + 2 (8 - 9) Find the maximum area of the floor.
=- 1 + 4 - 2 = 1 Sol :
Now, (b1 c2 - b2 c1) 2 + (c1 a2 - c2 a1) 2 + (a1 b2 - a2 b1) 2 (i) Perimeter of rectangular floor
= (3 # 5 - 4 # 4) 2 + (4 # 3 - 5 # 2) 2 + (2 # 4 - 3 # 3) 2 = 2 (Length + breadth)
= (15 - 16) 2 + (12 - 10) 2 + (8 - 9) 2 P = 2 (l + b)
= (- 1) 2 + (2) 2 + (- 1) 2 (ii) Area A = length # breadth
= 1+4+1 = 6 A = l#b
x2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 P = 2 (l + b)
a1 b1 c1 P = l+b
a2 b2 c2 2
SD = P -l = b
(b1 c2 - b2 c1) 2 + (c1 a2 - c2 a1) 2 + (a1 b2 - a2 b1) 2
2
= 1 units, P - 2l = b
6
2
which is the required shortest distance. 2
A = Pl - 2l
2
(iii) We have,
Section - E 2
A = Pl - 2l
2
Differentiating w.r.t. l , we get
36. Sachin Mehara is a final year student of civil
engineering at IIT Delhi. As a final year real time dA = 1 (P - 4l)
dl 2
project, he has got the job of designing a auditorium
for cultural activities purpose. The shape of the For maximum area of floor, dA = 0
floor of the auditorium is rectangular and it has a dl
1 (P - 4l) = 0
fixed perimeter, say. P . 2
P - 4l = 0
l =P
4
2
P
Clearly at l = , d A =- 2 1 0
4 dl2
Area is maximum at l = P
4
or
(iii) We have,
A = l#b
For maximum area, (of 10 tables) X -prene and z number of strips (of
10 tablets) Relaxo.
l =P We enter the given information in following table.
4
Now, b = P - 2l Paingo X -prene Relaxo Availability

2
A 2x 4y z 16000
= P -l = P -P = P C 3x y 2z 10000
2 2 4 4
D x 3y 3z 16000
2
(A) max = l # b = P # P = P sq. units. From above table we have
4 4 16
2x + 4y + z = 16000 (1)
37. Pfizer Inc. is an American multinational
pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporation 3x + y + 2z = 10000 (2)
headquartered on 42nd Street in Manhattan, New
York City. The company was established in 1849 and x + 3y + 3z = 16000 (3)
in New York by two German immigrants, Charles The above system of equations can be written in
Pfizer and his cousin Charles F. Erhart. Pfizer matrix form as
develops and produces medicines and vaccines for R VR V R V
immunology, oncology, cardiology, endocrinology, S2 4 1WSx W S16000W
S3 1 2WSy W = S10000W
and neurology. SS1 3 3WWSSz WW SS16000WW
T XT X T X
or AX = B
R V Rx V R V
S2 4 1W S W S16000W
where A = S3 1 2W ,X = Sy W and B = S10000W
SS1 3 3WW SSz WW SS16000WW
T X T X
Since, A = 2 (3 - 6) - 4 (T9 X- 2) + 1 (9 - 1)
= - 6 - 28 + 8 = - 26 ! 0 ,
Thus A-1 exists, so that the unique solution of
AX = B is X = A-1 B .
R V
The purchase officer of the Pfizer informs the S- 3 - 9 7W
production manger that during the month, following Here, adjA = S- 7 5 - 1 W
SS 8 - 2 - 10WW
supply of three chemicals, Asprin (A), Caffieine (C)
T XR V
and Decongestant (D) used in the production of S- 3 - 9 7W
three types of pain-killing tablet will be 16, 10 and -1 adj.A 1 S- 7 5 - 1 W
and A = =
A - 26 SS
16 kg respectively. According to the specification, 8 - 2 - 10WW
each strip of 10 tables of Paingo requires 2 gm of A, T X
Now X = A-1 B
3 gm of C and 1 gm of D . The requirements for
R VR V
other tables are: S- 3 - 9 7 WS16000W
= 1 S- 7 5 - 1 WS10000W
- 26 SS
X -prene 4 gm of A 1 gm of C 3 gm of D 8 - 2 - 10WWSS16000WW
Relaxo 1 gm of A 2 gm of C 3 gm of D TR XT X V
S - 48000 - 900000 + 112000W
(i) Taking the suitable variable form the system of = 1 S- 1120000 + 50000 - 16000 W
- 26 SS
equation that represent given problem. 128000 - 20000 - 160000WW
RT V R V X
(ii) Use matrix inversion method to find the number S- 26000W S1000W
of strips of each type so that raw materials are = - 1 S- 78000W = S3000W
26 SS
consumed entirely. - 52000WW SS2000WW
T X T X
Sol : Thus x = 1000 , y = 3000 and z = 2000 . Hence,
Let the production manager produces x number of the number of strips produced are: Paingo-1000, X
strips (of 10 tablets) of Paingo, y number of strips -prene-3000 and Relaxo-2000.
38. At its simplest, a fair die states that each of the P (A + B) 1/6
Now, P (A/B) = = =1
faces has a similar probability of landing facing up. P (B) 1/3 2
A standard fair six-sided die, for example, can be
P (B + A) 1/6
regarded as “fair” if each of the faces consists of a and P (B/A) = = =1
P (A) 1/2 3
probability of 1/6.
P (A + C) 1/3
(ii) P (A/C) = = =1
P (C) 2/3 2
P {(A + B) + C}
P (A + B/C) =
P (C)
P (A + B + C) 1/6
= = =1
P (C) 2/3 4
P (B + C) 1/3
and P (B/C) = = =1
P (C) 2/3 2
Now, P (A , B/C) = P (A/C) + (B/C) - P (A + B/C)
=1+1-1 = 3
A fair die is rolled. Consider the events A = "1, 3, 5, , 2 2 4 4
B = "2, 3, , and C = "2, 3, 4, 5,,
following questions. ***********
(i) Find the probability P (A/B) and P (B/A).
(ii) Find the probability P (A/C), P (A k B/C) and
P (A j B/C)
Sol :
(i) We have,
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
A = {1, 3, 5}
B = {2, 3}
and C = {2, 3, 4, 5}
n (S) = 6
n (A) = 3
n (B) = 2
and n (C) = 4
P (A) = 3 = 1 , P (B)
6 2
= 2 = 1 P (C) = 4 = 2
6 3 6 3
P (A + B) = 1
6
and P (A + C) = 2 = 1
6 3
P (B + C) = 1
6
and P (A , B) = 4 = 2
6 3

Maths Question Bank

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Maths Question Bank

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Maths Question Bank

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CBSE Mathematics Class 12 Sample Paper 01 Solutions Page 1

Sample Paper 01 Solutions

6. If y = tan-1 1 - sin x , then the value of dy at = b - 25 l - b 27 - 15 l

9. If l (3it + 2tj - 6kt) is a unit vector, then the value

Thus (a) is correct option. A C1 7 B C1 7

x2 = b , x = ! b (c) log 81 (d) log 27

14. If the lines 1 -3 x = y2-a2 = z -2 3 and x3-a1 = y - 1 = 6-z

(- 3) (3a) + 2a (1) + 2 (- 5) = 0 = 4 (log 3 - log 1)

15. A bag A contains 4 green and 3 red balls and bog B

Sol : (b) Assertion is true,reason is true, reason is not a

(c) ^0, 0h (d) ^2, 2h

S2 = z (Let) = x12 + ^y1 - 5h2

dz = 2 + 2 y - 5 Reason : # ex {f (x) + f ' (x)} dx = ex f (x) + C

Given, two vectors av and bv such that av = bv , We have y = tan-1 b 1 + cos x l

Given: y = e2x ^a + bx h ...(1) We have y = sin-1 (6x 1 - 9x2 )

24. Suppose a girls throws a die. If she gets 1 or 2, she RHS = 9I - A

2 -3 and RHL = lim f (x) = lim (3x + 1)

Now, unit vector ct in the direction of cv is c x2 - 3x + 1

29. Find # 2x dx . 1-x

Substituting x2 = t & 2x dx = dt we have Using # a2 - x2 dx = 1 :x a2 - x2 + a2 sin-1 a x kD + C

I1 = 1 [x 1 - x2 + sin-1 x] + C1 ...(2) log x sin

log sin v + log x = C 1 3

12x3 - 24x2 + 24x - 48 = 0 So, 0, p , 3p , 5p and 7p are the points of maxima

^x - 2h^x + 2h = 0 At x = p , f a p k = sin 2 a p k = sin p = 1

Hence, the maximum value is 1 at x = p and x = 5p

or 33. Maximize Z = - x + 2y , Subject to the constraints:

(iii) x = 3 , y = 0 (ii) Region corresponding to x + 2y H 6 :

and x - 1 = y - 5 = z - 6 = r (let) ...(2)

= (- 3r2 + 1, r2 + 5, - 5r2 + 6) tan x1 = tan p

r1 = r2 ; r1 - r2 = 3 ; 2r1 + 5r2 = 3 Let cos-1 b- 1 l = x2

and rv = (it - tj + 2kt) + m (2it + 4tj - 5kt). Let sin-1 b- 1 l = x3

av1 = 4it - tj , bv1 = it + 2tj - 3kt x3 = - p d 9- p , p C

= it(- 10 + 12) - tj (- 5 + 6) + kt(4 - 4) = 9p = 3p

Alternative :Short cut Method:

one barrel decreases. Conversely, if demand for oil

Hence, the require value is 2p . = # - 135

C = 30 + 135 25 = 705 A manufactured component has its quality graded

= 1 - 0.64 - 0.40 + 0.31

B = 8100 100 100B

Sample Paper 02 Solutions

Sol : v = ds = 13.8 - 9.8t

6x2 - 42x + 36 = 0 & x = 1, 6 (c) 1 (d) p

Let, f ^x h = sin9 x 7. Which of the following is the unit matrix of order

Let, tan-1 x = q ...(1) Explanation :

Thus (a) is correct option. Sol :

15. If l , m , n are the direction cosines of a straight line

= (x2 it + y2 tj + z2 kt) - (x1 it + y1 tj + z1 kt)

= (x2 - x1) it + (y2 - y1) tj + (z2 - z1) kt

av = 32 + 42 + 122 P (A) = 0.7

= 9 + 16 + 144 P (A) = 1 - 0.7 6P (A) + P (A) = 1@

= 169 = 13 units = 0.3

Thus (d) is correct option.

Let P ^Ah denotes probability of occurrence of Event y sec2 x = # sec x sin x dx

A. P ^B h denotes probability of occurrence of Event

P Â , B h = P Âh + P ^B h - P Â , B h y sec2 x = sec x + c

x = y log ^xy h ...(1)

dy 26. The radius of a circle is increasing uniformly at the

Putting x = y log ^xy h from (1) = 2pr dr = 2pr (3) dr