UNIVERSITY OF THE PEOPLE

ASSIGNMENT WEEK 6
CollapseMATH 1201 - College Algebra

Task 1:

After completing one revolution starting from the initial line, point A is observed to have coordinates (

) on the unit circle. Using that information, please answer the following questions:

(i) Calculate all 6 values of the trigonometric functions (clearly state the formulae used to calculate these
functions).
(ii) Determine the quadrant in which the point lies and provide the reason.
(iii) Calculate the angle formed by point A and the reference angle with the positive X-axis.

Given:
Point A has coordinates (- √3/2, 1/2) on the unit circle.

Task 1 (i): Calculate all 6 values of the trigonometric functions.

The coordinates of a point on the unit circle can be related to the trigonometric functions as follows:

cos(θ) = x (the x-coordinate)

sin(θ) = y (the y-coordinate)
tan(θ) = y / x
csc(θ) = 1 / y
sec(θ) = 1 / x
cot(θ) = x / y
For point A (- √3/2, 1/2):

x = - √3/2
y = 1/2
Using these coordinates, we can calculate the trigonometric functions:

Cosine: cos(θ) = - √3/2

Sine: sin(θ) = 1/2

Tangent: tan(θ) = (1/2) / (- √3/2) = - 1/√3 = - √3/3

Cosecant: csc(θ) = 1 / (1/2) = 2

Secant: sec(θ) = 1 / (- √3/2) = - 2/√3 = - 2√3/3

Cotangent: cot(θ) = (- √3/2) / (1/2) = - √3

Summary of Trigonometric Functions:

cos(θ) = - √3/2
sin(θ) = 1/2
tan(θ) = - √3/3
csc(θ) = 2
sec(θ) = - 2√3/3
cot(θ) = - √3
Task 1 (ii): Determine the quadrant in which the point lies.
The coordinates of point A are (- √3/2, 1/2):

The x-coordinate is negative.

The y-coordinate is positive.
In the Cartesian coordinate system:

The point lies in the second quadrant, where x is negative and y is positive.
Task 1 (iii): Calculate the angle formed by point A and the reference angle with the positive X-axis.
The reference angle θ_ref for an angle in the second quadrant can be found using the formula: θ_ref = 180° - θ

To find θ, we can use the sine value:

sin(θ) = 1/2 → θ = 30°

Thus, since point A is in the second quadrant: θ = 180° - 30° = 150°

Therefore, the reference angle θ_ref is: θ_ref = 180° - 150° = 30°

Task2:

Alice had been standing on the ground (Point A) and observing a brightly colored object resembling a bird on
the top of a tree at a distance of 4 meters from the tree. She decided to get a closer look by moving 2 meters
closer to the tree (Point B). After moving closer, she realized that the object was not a bird but something
that she could catch. Then, she decided to catch it by climbing the tree, which had a height of 6 meters from
the ground.

Using the above scenario, please answer the following questions showing step by step calculations and
stating the formulae.

(i) Find the angles formed by Alice at the points A and B relative to the top of the tree. What are these angles
called as?
(ii) Determine whether angle A is larger than angle B. Make a conclusion about the comparison of angles
when observing an object from a distance versus close.
(iii) Find the distances between the object and points A and B.

Given:
The tree has a height of 6 meters.
Alice is initially at a distance of 4 meters from the tree at Point A.
Alice moves 2 meters closer to the tree, so the distance from the tree at Point B is 4 - 2 = 2 meters.
Task 2 (i): Find the angles formed by Alice at points A and B relative to the top of the tree.
The angles formed by Alice at points A and B are angles of elevation. They can be found using basic trigonometry.

The formula to calculate the angle of elevation (theta) from a point to the top of an object is:

tan(theta) = height of the object / horizontal distance from the object

We know that:

The height of the tree is 6 meters.

The distance from the tree at point A is 4 meters.
The distance from the tree at point B is 2 meters.
Let’s calculate the angles step by step.
Angle at point A (theta_A):
Horizontal distance = 4 meters
Height of tree = 6 meters
Using the formula for tangent:

tan(theta_A) = 6 / 4
tan(theta_A) = 1.5

To find theta_A, take the inverse tangent (arctan or tan^(-1)) of 1.5:

theta_A = tan^(-1)(1.5) ≈ 56.31 degrees

Angle at point B (theta_B):

Horizontal distance = 2 meters
Height of tree = 6 meters
Using the same formula for tangent:

tan(theta_B) = 6 / 2
tan(theta_B) = 3

To find theta_B, take the inverse tangent (arctan or tan^(-1)) of 3:

theta_B = tan^(-1)(3) ≈ 71.57 degrees

Answer for Task 2 (i):

The angle at point A is theta_A ≈ 56.31 degrees.
The angle at point B is theta_B ≈ 71.57 degrees.
These angles are called angles of elevation.
Task 2 (ii): Determine whether angle A is larger than angle B and make a conclusion.
From our calculations:

theta_A ≈ 56.31 degrees

theta_B ≈ 71.57 degrees
Clearly, theta_B > theta_A, meaning the angle of elevation is larger when Alice is closer to the tree.

Conclusion:
When observing an object from a distance, the angle of elevation is smaller compared to when you observe it from a closer point. As the
observer moves closer to the object, the angle of elevation increases.

Task 2 (iii): Find the distances between the object and points A and B.
To find the straight-line distances from Alice to the object (top of the tree) at points A and B, we will use the Pythagorean Theorem. The
straight-line distance forms the hypotenuse of a right triangle with the tree’s height and Alice’s horizontal distance.

The formula for the hypotenuse (d) is:

d = sqrt((height)^2 + (horizontal distance)^2)

Distance from point A to the object:

Height = 6 meters
Horizontal distance = 4 meters
Using the Pythagorean theorem:

d_A = sqrt(6^2 + 4^2) = sqrt(36 + 16) = sqrt(52) ≈ 7.21 meters

Distance from point B to the object:
Height = 6 meters
Horizontal distance = 2 meters
Using the Pythagorean theorem:

d_B = sqrt(6^2 + 2^2) = sqrt(36 + 4) = sqrt(40) ≈ 6.32 meters

Answer for Task 2 (iii):

The straight-line distance between Alice at point A and the object is approximately 7.21 meters.
The straight-line distance between Alice at point B and the object is approximately 6.32 meters.

Task 3:

Answer the following questions by including the steps and formulas:

(a) Write the equation sine or cosine function with the given properties:

(a) Write the equation of a sine or cosine function with the given properties:
Midline = 5
Amplitude = 13
Period = 2π
Phase shift = 0
General form of a sine function:
y = A sin(Bx - C) + D

Where:

A is the amplitude,
B affects the period, given by Period = 2π / B,
C represents the phase shift,
D is the vertical shift or midline.
Given:

Amplitude A = 13,
Period = 2π implies B = 1 since 2π / B = 2π,
Phase shift = 0, meaning C = 0,
Midline D = 5.
So, the equation becomes:
y = 13 sin(x) + 5

(b) For the given trigonometric equation y = 15 tan(πx/3 + 2), find its stretching factor, period, phase shift, vertical asymptotes, and
domain.
General form of a tangent function:
y = A tan(Bx - C)

Where:

A is the stretching factor,

B affects the period, given by Period = π / B,
C affects the phase shift.
For y = 15 tan(πx/3 + 2):

Stretching factor: A = 15.

Period:
The coefficient B = π / 3, so the period is:
Period = π / (π / 3) = 3.
Phase shift:
From the equation, πx/3 + 2 = 0, solve for x:
x = -6 / π
So the phase shift is -6 / π.
Vertical asymptotes:
The tangent function has vertical asymptotes at x = π / 2B ± nπ, where n is an integer.
Domain:
The domain of the tangent function excludes the vertical asymptotes, so the domain is all real numbers except where vertical asymptotes
occur.

TASK 4 N

(i) Let's use the sine function as Y = f(X) = sin(X) to fill the table. Here's how the
values of sin(X) and its inverse arcsin(Y) would look:

X 0 pi/3 2pi/3 pi/2 pi 4pi/3 2pi

Y = sin(X) 0 sqrt(3)/2 sqrt(3)/2 1 0 -sqrt(3)/2 0
f^-1(Y) = arcsin(0) Undefine Undefine
0 pi/3 2pi/3 pi/2
arcsin(Y) =0 d d

In this case, arcsin(Y) is only defined for Y in [-1, 1], so for certain values of Y, like Y = -sqrt(3)/2, the inverse will not exist (hence,
undefined).

(ii) To graph both functions Y = sin(X) and f^-1(Y) = arcsin(Y), you need to plot:

Y = sin(X), which oscillates between -1 and 1, with a period of 2pi.

f^-1(Y) = arcsin(Y), which is only defined for Y in [-1, 1] and maps the sine values back to their corresponding X-values.
You can use any graphing tool like GeoGebra or Desmos to plot these functions together.

(iii) Observing the periodicity, domain, and range:

Periodicity: The sine function Y = sin(X) is periodic with a period of 2pi, meaning it repeats every 2pi units.

Domain and Range:

For Y = sin(X), the domain is (-∞, ∞), and the range is [-1, 1].
For f^-1(Y) = arcsin(Y), the domain is [-1, 1], and the range is [-pi/2, pi/2].
Even or Odd Function:

Y = sin(X) is an odd function because sin(-X) = -sin(X).

The inverse function f^-1(Y) = arcsin(Y) is neither even nor odd because it does not exhibit symmetry about the origin or the y-axis.