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Logarithmic Functions Discussion

This lesson covers logarithmic functions, focusing on evaluating logarithms, converting between exponential and logarithmic forms, and solving related word problems. Key concepts include the definition of logarithmic functions, common and natural logarithms, and practical examples for conversion and evaluation. The lesson also emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between logarithmic and exponential equations.

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mariannabaunag6
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Logarithmic Functions Discussion

This lesson covers logarithmic functions, focusing on evaluating logarithms, converting between exponential and logarithmic forms, and solving related word problems. Key concepts include the definition of logarithmic functions, common and natural logarithms, and practical examples for conversion and evaluation. The lesson also emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between logarithmic and exponential equations.

Uploaded by

mariannabaunag6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

Logarithmic
Functions
Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

● correctly evaluate logarithms;

● correctly write equations in exponential form to


logarithmic form and vice versa; and

● correctly solve word problems involving logarithmic


functions.
Essential Questions

● How will you evaluate logarithms?

● How will you write equations in exponential form to its


logarithmic form and vice versa?
Warm Up!

Before we formally define a logarithmic function, let us


observe the following animation showing the relationship
between exponential and logarithmic equations.

(Click on the link to access the animation.)

Purplemath. "Logarithms: Introduction to "The


Relationship"." Accessed March 26, 2019.
https://bit.ly/1MvvUKt.
Guide Questions

● What happens to the base of an exponential expression


after conversion of the equation to logarithmic form?

● What happens to the exponent of an exponential


expression after conversion of the equation to logarithmic
form?

● How can you convert an exponential equation into


logarithmic form?
Learn about It!

1 Logarithmic Function
it is a function which follows the form 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝐛 𝒙, where 𝑥 > 0, 𝑏 > 0. and 𝑏 ≠ 1;
it is the inverse of the exponential function

Example:
The inverse of 𝑓 𝑥 = 5𝑥 is 𝑓 −1 𝑥 = log 5 𝑥.
Learn about It!

2 Rewriting Exponential Equations to Logarithmic


Equations and Vice Versa
the logarithmic form of 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑦 is log b 𝑥 = 𝑦; the exponential form of log b 𝑥 = 𝑦 is
𝑥 = 𝑏𝑦.

Example:
The logarithmic form of 25 = 32 is log 2 32 = 5.
The exponential form of log 3 81 = 4 is 34 = 81.
Learn about It!

3 Common Logarithm
logarithm with a base of 10; written as log 𝑥

Example:
The exponential form of log 1 000 = 3 is 103 = 1 000.
Learn about It!

4 Natural Logarithm
logarithm with a base of 𝒆 (Euler’s number); written as ln 𝑥

Example:
The exponential form of ln 𝑎 = 2 is 𝑒 2 = 𝑎.
Try It!

Example 1: Convert log 2 8 = 3 into its equivalent exponential


form.
Try It!

Example 1: Convert log 2 8 = 3 into its equivalent exponential


form.

Solution:
Say that the logarithmic form is log 𝑏 𝑥 = 𝑦. It follows that
𝑏 = 2, 𝑦 = 3, and 𝑥 = 8. Since its corresponding exponential
form is 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑦 , let us substitute the values of 𝑦, 𝑏, and 𝑥.

Thus, the equivalent exponential form is 𝟐𝟑 = 𝟖.


Try It!

Example 2: Evaluate log 2 16.


Try It!

Example 2: Evaluate log 2 16.

Solution:
The expression log 2 16 means that we are looking for the
exponent of the base 2 to get the answer 16. Since 24 = 16, it
follows that log 2 16 = 𝟒.
Try It!

Example 2: Evaluate log 2 16.

Solution:
Alternatively, we may solve the problem this way. Let 𝑥 be
the value of log 2 16. It follows that 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝟏𝟔 = 𝒙. We can solve
for the value of 𝑥 using its exponential form.

log 2 16 = 𝑥
2𝑥 = 16
2𝑥 = 24
Try It!

Example 2: Evaluate log 2 16.

Solution:
Since 2𝑥 = 24 , it follows that 𝑥 = 4 since the bases are equal.

Therefore, log 2 16 = 𝟒.
Let’s Practice!

Individual Practice:

1. Convert 43 = 64 into its equivalent logarithmic form and


log 5 125 = 3 into its equivalent exponential form.

2. Evaluate log 3 243.


Let’s Practice!

Group Practice: To be done in pairs.

In the Richter scale, the magnitude 𝑅 of an earthquake is


𝐼
given by the formula 𝑅 = log ,where 𝐼 is the intensity as
𝐼0
recorded by the seismograph and 𝐼0 is the threshold
intensity. Convert the given formula to its equivalent
exponential form and then get the magnitude of an
earthquake whose intensity is 1 000 000 times the threshold
intensity.
Key Points

1 Logarithmic Function
it is a function which follows the form 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝐛 𝒙, where 𝑥 > 0, 𝑏 > 0. and 𝑏 ≠ 1;
it is the inverse of the exponential function

2 Rewriting Exponential Equations to Logarithmic


Equations and Vice Versa
the logarithmic form of 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑦 is log b 𝑥 = 𝑦; the exponential form of log b 𝑥 = 𝑦 is
𝑥 = 𝑏𝑦.

3 Common Logarithm
logarithm with a base of 10; written as log 𝑥
Key Points

4 Natural Logarithm
logarithm with a base of 𝒆 (Euler’s number); written as ln 𝑥
Synthesis

● How do you evaluate logarithms?

● Why are logarithmic functions important?

● What do you think is the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 in


the logarithmic equation log b 𝑥 = 𝑦? Is it increasing or
decreasing?

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