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Python general syntax

The document provides an overview of Python syntax, including how to execute code, the importance of indentation, and the use of comments and docstrings. It explains variable creation, naming rules, and outputting variables, along with the three numeric types in Python: int, float, and complex. Additionally, it covers how to verify variable types and delete variables.

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mail2dr.vikash
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8 views

Python general syntax

The document provides an overview of Python syntax, including how to execute code, the importance of indentation, and the use of comments and docstrings. It explains variable creation, naming rules, and outputting variables, along with the three numeric types in Python: int, float, and complex. Additionally, it covers how to verify variable types and delete variables.

Uploaded by

mail2dr.vikash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Syntax

Execute Python Syntax


As we learned in the previous page, Python syntax can be executed by writing directly
in the Command Line:

>>> print("Hello, World!")


Hello, World!

Or by creating a python file on the server, using the .py file extension, and running it
in the Command Line:

C:\Users\Your Name>python myfile.py

Python Indentations
Where in other programming languages the indentation in code is for readability only,
in Python the indentation is very important.

Python uses indentation to indicate a block of code.

Example
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")

Python will give you an error if you skip the indentation:

Example
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")

Comments
Python has commenting capability for the purpose of in-code documentation.

Comments start with a #, and Python will render the rest of the line as a comment:

Example
Comments in Python:

#This is a comment.
print("Hello, World!")
Docstrings
Python also has extended documentation capability, called docstrings.

Docstrings can be one line, or multiline.

Python uses triple quotes at the beginning and end of the docstring:

Example
Docstrings are also comments:

"""This is a
multiline docstring."""
print("Hello, World!")

Python Variables
Creating Variables
Unlike other programming languages, Python has no command for declaring a
variable.

A variable is created the moment you first assign a value to it.

Example
x = 5
y = "John"
print(x)
print(y)

Variables do not need to be declared with any particular type and can even change
type after they have been set.

Example
x = 4 # x is of type int
x = "Sally" # x is now of type str
print(x)

Variable Names
A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age,
carname, total_volume). Rules for Python variables:

 A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character


 A variable name cannot start with a number
 A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-
z, 0-9, and _ )
 Variable names are case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are three different
variables)

Remember that variables are case-sensitive

Output Variables
The Python print statement is often used to output variables.

To combine both text and a variable, Python uses the + character:

Example
x = "awesome"
print("Python is " + x)

You can also use the + character to add a variable to another variable:

Example
x = "Python is "
y = "awesome"
z = x + y
print(z)

For numbers, the + character works as a mathematical operator:

Example
x = 5
y = 10
print(x + y)

If you try to combine a string and a number, Python will give you an error:

Example
x = 5
y = "John"
print(x + y)

Python Numbers
There are three numeric types in Python:

 int
 float
 complex

Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them:

Example
x = 1 # int
y = 2.8 # float
z = 1j # complex

To verify the type of any object in Python, use the type() function:

Example
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Int
Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of unlimited
length.

Example
Integers:

x = 1
y = 35656222554887711
z = -3255522

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float
Float, or "floating point number" is a number, positive or negative, containing one or
more decimals.

Example
Floats:
x = 1.10
y = 1.0
z = -35.59

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Float can also be scientific numbers with an "e" to indicate the power of 10.

Example
Floats:

x = 35e3
y = 12E4
z = -87.7e100

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Complex
Complex numbers are written with a "j" as the imaginary part:

Example
Complex:

x = 3+5j
y = 5j
z = -5j

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Delete a variable
You can also delete variable using the command del "variable name".

a=45

print(a)

del a
print(a)

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