International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)

Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

Smart Traffic Light Controller Using

Verilog
Mrs. K. Bhulakshmi
(Assistant Professor)
Teegala Krishna Reddy Engineering College, Meerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana,500097.
Corresponding Author: D. Naresh Yadav, B. Prabhakar, D. Ranjith

Submitted: 01-06-2022 Revised: 10-06-2022 Accepted: 15-06-2022

ABSTRACT: microcontroller, some of these advantages are; the

Traffic control is a challenging problem in speed, number of input/output ports and
metropolitan and developed cities. This is due to
the large number of vehicles and the high dynamics
of the traffic system. Poor traffic systems are the
big reason for accidents, time losses. At some
places due to the absence of traffic police, people
would prefer jumping the traffic signal which leads
to severe accidents and sometimes it may take the
life of people. In this project the traffic light
controller is designed as an automatic traffic
controller system in which IR sensors and cameras
will be installed in the four directions of roads
(north, east, west and south). IR sensor senses the
density of the traffic. FPGA compares the density
values and gives the green KEYWORDS: IR
sensors, camera module, Traffic Light Controller,
Xilinx, Lab VIEW software.

I. INTRODUCTION
Traffic jamming is a critical predicament
in many of the cities and towns all over the world.
Traffic congestion has been causing many setbacks
and challenges in the major and most occupied
cities all over the globe. This traffic jam directly
impacts the productivity of the workers, traders,
suppliers and in all affecting the market and raising
the prices of the commodities in a way light. The
problem of heavy jam is happened because of never
configure the level of jam in each way and set the
delay time. Another problem represents when there
is no jam, but the waiting still continues. The
solution for these problems is to determine the level
of jam and set the delay time. This problem needs
of evaluation of the traffic policeman, and then
there is need for manual control of the traffic. The
target of this paper is to propose system provide
solution for all above problems with least possible
cost.
Traffic light controller (TLC) can be
implemented using microcontroller, FPGA, and
ASIC design. FPGA has many advantages over

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

signal to the high-density road. When the green

signal is given in any one of the roads then the
other three roads will be on red light. During this
time period if any vehicle jumps the red signal, its
motion is detected by the IR sensors. These sensors
in turn trigger the camera so that it takes the image
of that vehicle. The IR sensors here serves the two
main purposes, one is triggering the camera while
jumping the signal and the other one is measuring
the density of vehicles. The project is being carried
out using FPGA interfaced in IR sensors, camera
module, Traffic Light Controller, Xilinx, Lab
VIEW software.

performance which are all very important in TLC

design, at the same time ASIC design is more
expensive than FPGA. Nowadays, FPGA becomes
one of the most successful of today’s technologies
for developing the systems which require a real
time operation. FPGA is a reconfigurable
integrated circuit that consists of two-dimensional
arrays of logic blocks and flip-flops with an
electrically programmable interconnection between
logic blocks. The reconfiguration property enables
fast prototyping and updates for hardware devices
even after market launch. Most of the TLC
implemented on FPGA are simple ones that have
been implemented as examples of Finite State
Machine (FSM).
The VHDL language has been selected for
programming the FPGA to fill two important needs
in the design process. Firstly, it gives full
description of the structure of a design that is how
it is decomposed into sub-designs, and how those
sub- designs are interconnected. Secondly, it
allows simulating the design before starting the
manufacturing. Accordingly, the designers can
quickly compare alternatives and test for
correctness without the delay and expense of
hardware prototyping.
In this paper, a traffic light system is

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

designed using VHDL and implemented by a single the street while red light avoids the walkers from
FPGA chip. The outline of the paper is structured passing the street) and for the traffic sensors in each
as follows: Section 2 covers the related works of
traffic light system which are deliberated via
VHDL and realized through FPGA. Also, traffic
light controller system design is the subject
of section 3. Furthermore, a simulation of the
proposed traffic light system and the simulation
results with a discussion are demonstrated in
section 4. As well, section 5 includes the hardware
implementation of
trafficlightsystemonXilinxSpartan3EFPGAanddispl
aysthetestingandoperationofit.Finally,
theconclusionsofthispaperareprovidedinsection6.

II. OBJECTIVE
The project's overall objective was
todevelop a Smart Traffic Light Controller System
to innovate a system that can alleviate problems
regarding traffic on intersection using Verilog
andaim to achieve a wide range of transport and
environmental objectives in addition to
minimization of vehicle delays and stops.

III. PRACTICAL DESIGN OF

PROJECT

Above figure illustrates the structure of the selected

traffic light model for four road intersections (one
Main Street and three side streets). In general,
Traffic Light Controller System consists of three
lights (red, green and yellow) in each direction. The
red light indicates to Stop, green light indicates to
allow the traffic and yellow light indicates the
caution that the traffic is going to be stopped in few
seconds. While, turning in yellow and red lights at
the same time indicates the caution that the traffic
is going to be moving in few seconds. The
intersections fitted with a sensor for side street
traffic and with walk request button.
This traffic light controller also has provision for
walk light (which consists of two lights red and
green, where, green light allows the walkers to pass

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 3
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

one of the side streets. A simple block diagram of

the traffic light controller system is exposed in the
below Figure. The design is composed of finite
state ma-chine (FSM), data storage(D_RAM),
timer, divider, and various synchronizers (latch,
and synchronizer).

IV. EXPERIMENT DIAGRAM

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 4
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

well as in normal hours of the day. As the system is

simulated on Xilinx more functions can easily add
to the system without changing the full
architecture. The future scope of this work is to
implement this on chosen field. As a real time,
traffic signal system and arbitrate the challenges
like low power consumption, perception accuracy
of sensors.

VI. ADVANTAGES FROM ABOVE

RESULTS.
 Traffic signals assist traffic engineers in
controlling traffic in a safe, orderly and
efficient manner.
 They benefit the traveling public by providing
orderly movement of vehicles, improved
safety, reduced travel times and increasing the
amount of traffic that an intersection can
handle.
 The smart traffic management system helps
traffic light to operate in real-time conditions.
Traffic operates based on traffic congestion
automatically.
The key advantage in using the VHDL in  Due to the deployment of this system, the
systems design is allowing the behavior of the chances of road accidents can be minimized.
required system to be described (modeled) and
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DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 5
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Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

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DOI: 10.35629/5252-0406740743 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 6
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Volume 4, Issue 6 June 2022, pp: 740-743 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

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