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2D Array pdf

The document explains two-dimensional arrays (2D arrays) in C, including their initialization, declaration, and an example of row-by-row traversal. It also covers matrix multiplication using 2D arrays, providing an example of multiplying two matrices with input and output details. The document includes code snippets to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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anshul.k2006
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8 views

2D Array pdf

The document explains two-dimensional arrays (2D arrays) in C, including their initialization, declaration, and an example of row-by-row traversal. It also covers matrix multiplication using 2D arrays, providing an example of multiplying two matrices with input and output details. The document includes code snippets to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

anshul.k2006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2D Array Matrix

Multiplication
Two-Dimensional (2D) Arrays in C

A two-dimensional array or 2D array is the simplest


form of the multidimensional array. We can visualize
a two-dimensional array as one-dimensional arrays
stacked vertically forming a table with ‘m’ rows and
‘n’ columns. In C, arrays are 0-indexed, so the row
number ranges from 0 to (m-1) and the column
number ranges from 0 to (n-1).
Initialization of 2D Arrays
We can initialize a 2D array by using a list of values enclosed
inside ‘{ }’ and separated by a comma as shown in the example
below:
int arr[3][2] = { 0, 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 , 5 }
or
int arr[3][2] = { {0, 1,} , { 2 , 3 } , { 4 , 5 } };
The elements will be stored in the array from left to right and top
to bottom. So, the first 2 elements from the left will be filled in
the first row, the next 2 elements in the second row, and so on.
This is clearly shown in the second syntax where each set of
inner braces represents one row.
Declaration of 2D Array
A 2D array with m rows and n columns can be created as : type
arr_name[m][n];

Where ,

❖ type : Type of data to be stored in each element.


❖ arr_name : Name assigned to the array.
❖ m : Number of rows.
❖ n : Number of columns.
For example, we can declare a two-dimensional integer array with
name ‘arr’ with 10 rows and 20 columns as:
int arr[10] [20];
Example of 2D Array
The below example demonstrates the row – by – row traversal of a 2D array.

#include<stdio.h>

int main ( ) {
output :
int arr [3] [2] = { { 0 , 1 } , { 2 , 3} , { 4 , 5 } } ; arr [ 0 ] [ 0 ] : 0
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i++) { arr [ 0 ] [ 1 ] : 1
for ( int j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j++) { arr [ 2 ] [ 0 ] : 2
printf (“arr[ %d] [%d] : %d “, i , j , arr [ i ] [ j ] ) ; arr [ 1 ] [ 1 ] : 3
} arr [ 2 ] [ 0 ] : 4
printf (“\n”) ; arr [ 2 ] [ 1 ] : 5
}
return 0;
}
MATRIX
MULTIPLICATION
Matrix Multiplication in C
A matrix is a collection of numbers
organized in rows and columns,
represented by a two-dimensional
array in C. Matrices can either be
square or rectangular. In this article,
we will learn the multiplication of two
matrices in the C programming
language.
Example :
❖Input :
mat[ ] [ ] = { { 1 , 2 },
{3,4}}
mat[ ] [ ] = { { 5 , 6 }
{7,8}

❖Multiplication of two matrices :

{ { 1*5 + 2*7 1*6 + 2*8},


{ 3*5 + 4*7 3*6 + 4*8} }
❖Output :

{ { 19 , 22 } ,
{ 43 , 50 } }
Example : #include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int A[2][2], B[2][2], C[2][2]
int i, j, k;
printf("Enter elements of 2x2 Matrix A:\n");
for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
printf("A[%d][%d]: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements of 2x2 Matrix B:\n");
for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
printf("B[%d][%d]: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &B[i][j]);
}
}
For ( i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++ ) {
for ( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j++) { INPUT :
C[i][j]=0; Matrix A : 1 2
for ( k = 0 ; k < 2 ; k++ ) { 3 4
C [ i ] [ j ] += A [ i ] [ k ] * B [ k ] [ j ] ; Matrix B : 5 6
} 7 8
}
}
printf ( “ Resultant Matrix ( A × B ) : \n “ ) ; OUTPUT :
for ( i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++ ) { Resultant Matrix ( A * B ) :
for ( j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j++ ) { 19 22
printf ( “ %d \ t “ , C [ i ] [ j ] ) ; 43 50
}
printf ( “ \n “ ) ;
}

return 0 ;
}
THANK
YOU

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