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Python Revision Tour Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Python programming, covering fundamental concepts such as tokens, variables, data types, and control flow. It includes examples demonstrating basic syntax and functionality, including input/output, conditionals, and loops. The notes serve as a revision guide for understanding the core elements of Python programming language.

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aman11211369y
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3 views

Python Revision Tour Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Python programming, covering fundamental concepts such as tokens, variables, data types, and control flow. It includes examples demonstrating basic syntax and functionality, including input/output, conditionals, and loops. The notes serve as a revision guide for understanding the core elements of Python programming language.

Uploaded by

aman11211369y
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Revision Tour Notes

1.1 Introduction

Python is an easy-to-learn, powerful programming language. It emphasizes code readability with

simple syntax.

Example:

# Basic program

print("Hello World!") # print -> built-in function, "Hello World!" -> string literal

1.2 Tokens in Python

Tokens are the smallest building blocks in Python programs: keywords, identifiers, literals,

operators, punctuators.

Example:

age = 18 # age -> identifier, 18 -> literal

if age >= 18: # if -> keyword, >= -> operator

print("Adult") # print -> built-in function

1.2.1 Keywords

Reserved words with special meaning. Cannot be used as identifiers.

Example:

if True: # if, True -> keywords

print("Condition is True")

1.2.2 Identifiers (Names)

User-defined names for variables, functions, etc.

Example:
student_name = "Alice" # student_name -> identifier

print(student_name)

1.2.3 Literals/Values

Fixed values like numbers, text, boolean.

Example:

x = 42 # 42 -> integer literal

y = "Hello" # "Hello" -> string literal

1.2.4 Operators

Symbols that perform operations.

Example:

a=5

b=3

sum = a + b # + -> addition operator

print(sum)

1.2.5 Punctuators

Symbols used to organize code.

Example:

if (a > b): # () -> parentheses, : -> colon punctuator

print("A is greater")

1.3 Barebones of a Python Program

A simple structure includes statements, functions, and expressions.

Example:

def greet(): # greet -> function identifier


print("Hi there!") # print -> function

greet()

1.4 Variables and Assignments

Variables store data. Assignment links a variable to a value.

Example:

name = "John" # name -> variable, "John" -> string literal

age = 25

1.4.1 Dynamic Typing

Variable types are assigned at runtime.

Example:

x = 10 # x is int

x = "Python" # x becomes str

1.4.2 Multiple Assignments

Assigning multiple variables at once.

Example:

a, b, c = 1, 2, 3 # multiple assignment

1.5 Simple Input and Output

input() to take user input, print() to display output.

Example:

name = input("Enter your name: ") # input -> function

print("Hello", name) # print -> output

1.6 Data Types


Types of data: int, float, str, bool, list, etc.

Example:

x = 5 # int

y = 3.14 # float

z = "Hello" # str

1.7 Mutable and Immutable Types

Mutable types can change (list), immutable cannot (str, int).

Example:

list1 = [1, 2, 3] # list1 is mutable

list1.append(4)

s = "hello" # s is immutable

1.8 Expressions

Expressions combine variables and operators to produce results.

Example:

a=5

b = 10

c = a + b # expression: a + b

print(c)

1.8.1 Evaluating Arithmetic Operations

Arithmetic operators perform math operations.

Example:

result = (5 + 3) * 2 # +, * -> arithmetic operators

print(result)
1.8.2 Evaluating Relational Expressions

Relational operators compare two values.

Example:

print(5 > 3) # > -> relational operator

1.8.3 Evaluating Logical Expressions

Logical operators combine conditions.

Example:

a=5

b = 10

print(a > 3 and b < 20) # and -> logical operator

1.8.4 Type Casting (Explicit Type Conversion)

Manually converting one type to another.

Example:

x = "123"

y = int(x) # type casting from str to int

1.8.5 Math Library Functions

Use built-in math functions for calculations.

Example:

import math

print(math.sqrt(16)) # sqrt -> math function

1.9 Statement Flow Control

Controls execution flow (conditional, looping).

Example:
if True:

print("Executed")

1.10 The if Conditionals

Execute blocks based on conditions.

Example:

x=5

if x > 0:

print("Positive")

1.10.1 Plain if Conditional Statement

Single condition checking.

Example:

if 10 > 5:

print("10 is greater")

1.10.2 The if-else Conditional Statement

Provides alternate block if condition fails.

Example:

x = -1

if x >= 0:

print("Positive")

else:

print("Negative")

1.10.3 The if-elif Conditional Statement

Checks multiple conditions.


Example:

x=0

if x > 0:

print("Positive")

elif x == 0:

print("Zero")

else:

print("Negative")

1.10.4 Nested if Statements

if inside another if.

Example:

x = 10

if x > 0:

if x < 20:

print("Between 0 and 20")

1.10.5 Storing Conditions

Store condition results in variables.

Example:

a = 10

b=5

result = a > b # storing condition

print(result)

1.11 Looping Statements

Repeat execution based on conditions.


Example:

for i in range(3):

print(i)

1.11.1 The for Loop

Iterates over a sequence.

Example:

for num in [1, 2, 3]:

print(num)

1.11.2 The while Loop

Repeats while a condition is true.

Example:

i=1

while i <= 3:

print(i)

i += 1

1.12 Jump Statements break and continue

Control loop execution using break and continue.

Example:

for i in range(5):

if i == 3:

break # break -> exit loop

print(i)

1.13 More on Loops


Enhancing loop control.

1.13.1 Loop else Statement

else executes after the loop finishes normally.

Example:

for i in range(3):

print(i)

else:

print("Done!") # executed after loop

1.13.2 Nested Loops

Loop inside another loop.

Example:

for i in range(2):

for j in range(2):

print(i, j)

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