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Chapter 03 - Image Processing and Acquisition using Python_Part8

The document discusses image processing in Python using the PIL and numpy libraries, detailing how to convert images to grayscale and manipulate them as numpy arrays. It also covers reading and writing DICOM images using the pyDICOM module, highlighting the similarities with standard image formats. Additionally, it explains how to save images in various formats using the cv2.imwrite function.

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Choky Aconk
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2 views

Chapter 03 - Image Processing and Acquisition using Python_Part8

The document discusses image processing in Python using the PIL and numpy libraries, detailing how to convert images to grayscale and manipulate them as numpy arrays. It also covers reading and writing DICOM images using the pyDICOM module, highlighting the similarities with standard image formats. Additionally, it explains how to save images in various formats using the cv2.imwrite function.

Uploaded by

Choky Aconk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image and Its Properties 51

from PIL import Image


import numpy as np

# Reading image and converting it into grayscale.


img = Image.open('Picture2.png').convert('L')
# convert PIL Image object to numpy array
img = np.array(img)

# Performing image processing on img.


img2 = image_processing(img)

# Converting ndarray to image for saving using PIL.


im3 = Image.fromarray(img2)
In the above code, we import Image from the PIL module. We open
the ’Picture.png’ image and convert a three-channel image to a single-
channel grayscale by using convert(’L’) and the result is a PIL Image
object. We then convert this PIL Image object to a numpy ndarray
using the np.array function because most image processing modules in
Python can only handle a numpy array and not a PIL Image object.
After performing some image processing operation on this ndarray, we
convert the ndarray back to an image using Image.fromarray, so that
it can be saved or visualized.

3.5.2 Reading DICOM Images using pyDICOM

We will use pyDICOM [Mas20], a module in Python to read or write


or manipulate DICOM images. The process for reading DICOM images
is similar to JPEG, PNG, etc. Instead of using cv2, the pyDICOM
module is used. The pyDICOM module is not installed by default in the
distributions. Please refer to the pyDICOM documentation at [Mas20].
To read a DICOM file, the DICOM module is first imported. The file
is then read using the “read file” function.
import dicom
ds = dicom.read_file("ct_abdomen.dcm")
52 Image Processing and Acquisition using Python

3.5.3 Writing Images

Throughout this book, to write or save images we will use


cv2.imwrite. The cv2.imwrite function supports the following file for-
mats:

• JPEG files: *.jpeg, *.jpg, *.jpe

• Portable Network Graphics: *.png

• Portable image format: *.pbm, *.pgm, *.ppm

• TIFF files: *.tiff, *.tif

Here is an example code snippet where we read an image and write


an image. The imwrite function takes the file name and the ndarray of
an image as input. The file format is identified using the file extension
in the file name.

import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image1.png')

# cv2.imwrite will take an ndarray.


cv2.write('file_name', img)

In the subsequent chapters, we will continue to use the above


approach for writing or saving images.

3.5.4 Writing DICOM Images using pyDICOM

To write a DICOM file, the DICOM module is first imported. The


file is then written using the “write file” function. The input to the
function is the name of the DICOM file and also the array that needs
to be stored.

import dicom
datatowrite = ...
dicom.write_file("ct_abdomen.dcm",datatowrite)

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