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    Physics SPM

    Uploaded by

    kamalharmoza
    The document contains information about physics concepts taught in Form 4 and Form 5. It discusses chapters on force, motion, pressure, heat, light, waves, electricity, electromagnetism, electronics and radioactivity. It also contains information about measurement tools like vernier calipers and micrometer screw gauges. Concepts around accuracy, consistency, sensitivity, systematic and random errors are defined. Diagrams show motion graphs, barometers, manometers and gas laws. Lenses, mirrors, reflection and refraction are also summarized.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Physics SPM

    Uploaded by

    kamalharmoza
    2K views23 pages
    The document contains information about physics concepts taught in Form 4 and Form 5. It discusses chapters on force, motion, pressure, heat, light, waves, electricity, electromagnetism, electronics and radioactivity. It also contains information about measurement tools like vernier calipers and micrometer screw gauges. Concepts around accuracy, consistency, sensitivity, systematic and random errors are defined. Diagrams show motion graphs, barometers, manometers and gas laws. Lenses, mirrors, reflection and refraction are also summarized.

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    Original Title

    Physics Spm

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    The document contains information about physics concepts taught in Form 4 and Form 5. It discusses chapters on force, motion, pressure, heat, light, waves, electricity, electromagnetism, electronics and radioactivity. It also contains information about measurement tools like vernier calipers and micrometer screw gauges. Concepts around accuracy, consistency, sensitivity, systematic and random errors are defined. Diagrams show motion graphs, barometers, manometers and gas laws. Lenses, mirrors, reflection and refraction are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views23 pages

    Physics SPM

    Uploaded by

    kamalharmoza
    The document contains information about physics concepts taught in Form 4 and Form 5. It discusses chapters on force, motion, pressure, heat, light, waves, electricity, electromagnetism, electronics and radioactivity. It also contains information about measurement tools like vernier calipers and micrometer screw gauges. Concepts around accuracy, consistency, sensitivity, systematic and random errors are defined. Diagrams show motion graphs, barometers, manometers and gas laws. Lenses, mirrors, reflection and refraction are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Form 4 Chapter 1: Intro.

    to physics Chapter 2: Force & motion Chapter 3: Force & pressure Chapter 4: Heat Chapter 5: Light

    Form 5 Chapter 1: Waves Chapter 1: Electric Chapter 1: Electromagnet Chapter 1: Electronic Chapter 1: Radioactive

    Vernier caliper
    ( 0.01 cm)

    2.47 cm + zero error - zero error

    + 0.08 cm

    - 0.01 cm

    Micrometer screw gauge


    ( 0.01 mm)

    7.37 mm + zero error - zero error

    + 0.09 mm

    - 0.04 mm

    MEASUREMENT
    Accuracy
    The closeness of a measurement to the actual value

    Consistency
    The ability of a measuring instrument to measure with little deviation in the measurements

    Sensitivity
    The ability of a measuring instrument to detect a small change in the measurements

    ERROR
    Systematic error
    Due to:
    Instrument

    Random error
    Due to: Human mistakes Surrounding factor

    Example:

    Example:

    Zero error
    Absolute error (error in calibration)

    Parallax error

    Motion graph

    Mercury Barometer
    [Atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg ] [Mercury density = 1.36 x 104 kg m3]

    Pressure at P = 0 cm Hg Q = 76 cm Hg R = 91 cm Hg S = 106 cm Hg

    Pressure at P = 20 cm Hg Q = 76 cm Hg R = 91 cm Hg S = 106 cm Hg

    U-tube manometer
    [Density of water = 1 000 kg m-3]
    Pgas = = = = Pwater (h g) (1000)(10)(0.1) 1000 Pa

    [Atmospheric pressure is 1x105 Pa]


    Pgas = = = = Patm + Pwater Patm + (h g) (1x105)+1000 Pa 1.01x105 Pa

    U-tube manometer

    Density of water = 1 g cm-3 What is the density of the oil ?


    Pressure at A Patm + hoil oil goil hoil oil goil oil = = = = = Pressure at B Patm + hwater water gwater hwater water gwater (10)(1) (12) 0.83 g cm-3

    Pressure in tube
    Densities of liquid M = 1000kgm-3 Densities of liquid N = 2500kgm-3 What is the pressure of a. liquid M at point x b. liquid M and N at point y
    P = gh = (1000)(10)(0.5) = 5 kPa P = (gh)M + (gh)N = (1000)(10)(0.5) + (2500)(10)(0.3) = 5 kPa + 7.5 kPa = 12.5 kPa

    atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg. What is the pressure of the trapped air P ?


    Pair + Pmercury Pair + 10 cmHg Pair = Patm = 76cmHg = (76 10) cmHg = 66 cmHg

    P1 = P2

    F Bouyant = W liquid displaced

    F Bouyant = W liquid displaced = W object

    V P V P

    Characteristic at thermal equilibrium:


    1. Temperature A = Temperature B

    2. Net rate of heat transfer = 0 ( Rate of heat transfer from A to B = Rate of heat transfer from B to A

    GAS LAW

    P V T
    1.
    2.

    3.

    LENSES & MIRROR


    CONVERGING LENS MIRROR convex concave DIVERGING concave convex

    CHARACTERISTIC OF IMAGE
    CONVEX MIRROR & CONCAVE LENS VIRTUAL u anywhere UPRIGHT DIMINISHED

    REFLECTION
    CONCAVE MIRROR Ray P Ray F Ray C parallel - F F - parallel head (object / arrow) C

    REFRACTION
    CONVEX LENS Ray P Ray F Ray C parallel - F F - parallel through centre

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