Micro Silica Concrete
Micro Silica Concrete
Micro Silica Concrete
CONCRETE
Guided By:
Mr. Srishyam M.S
Presented By:
Shibin Mohamed Iqbal
Asst. Professor
Dept. Of Civil
Roll No.16
S1 Mtech CEM
MES CE
MES CE
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Overview
Introduction
Microsilica in concrete
Experiment
Case study
Examples
Conclusion
reference
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Introduction
What is micro silica?
o Very fine non crystalline silica produced
in electric arc furnaces as a byproduct of
the production of elemental silicon or
alloys containing silicon;
o ACI 116R
o a.k.a condensed silica fume
Item
Requirement
(%)
SiO2
97.6
Al2O3
0.70
Fe2O3
0.28
CaO
0.30
MgO
0.50
K2O
0.80
Na2O
0.26
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Fig.5.
Raw materials:
1. Wood chips (top)
2. Coal (top right)
3. Quartz gravel (right)
(Source:
www.silicafume.org )
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Hood
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Microsilica forms
As-produced powder
Water-based slurry
Densified
Blended silica-fume cement
Pelletized
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Fig.6
Top left: as produced
microsilica
Left: densified microsilica
Top: slurried microsilica
(source: www.silicafume.org)
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Optimum percentage of
microsilica in concrete
o optimum value of compressive strength
achieved in 10% replacement of
microsilica. (D.K.S Roy and Amitava Sil)
o Compressive strength decreases when
cement replacement is above 15% of
microsilica. (V. Ajay et.al)
o Strength of 15% replacement more than
normal concrete. (V. Ajay et.al)
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Improvement of concrete by
micro silica through two
mechanisms
o Pozzolonic effect
o Micro filler effect
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Pozzolonic effect
o On hydration of cement two products are
formed
CSH and
Ca(OH)2
o silicon dioxide in SF will react with Ca(OH) 2 to
produce more aggregate binding CSH.
o the reaction reduces the amount of calcium
hydroxide which does not contribute to
strength.
o Also calcium hydroxide combines with carbon
dioxide to form soluble salts which will cause
leaching and efflorescence in concrete.
o Concrete also vulnerable to sulphate attack,
chemical attack and adverse alkali- aggregate
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Effects of microsilica in
concrete
Effects on fresh concrete
o Improved workability
Small size and spherical shape have a
lubricating effect on concrete upto 15%
replacement.
o More cohesive
Thixotropic
Less prone to segregate even at very high
workability
Absence of bleed water
Hence suitable for grouts and pumped concrete
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Higher Strength
Higher abrasion resistance
Reduced creep
Reduced Permeability
Reduced reaction with acids and sulphates
Better Durability
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experiment
Conducted by Prof. Dilip Kumar
Singha Roy of NIT Gurgapur and
Amitava Sil, scientist, IPIRTI,
Kolkata.
Aim
o To study the effect of partial replacement of
cement by SF (from 5% to 10% with step of
2.5%) on M20 grade concrete designed with OPC
53 grade cement, sand and course aggregate.
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Materials
o
o
o
o
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Fresh state
1. Mix character:
o Have Shown more cohesiveness than OPC- due
to superfine nature of particles.
o Exhibited satisfactory character in relation to
segregation and bleeding.
o But with increase in percentage of SF, the
stickiness in concrete was observed.
2. Workability
o Workability increases as percentage of SF is
increased from 5% till 10%.
o SF concrete as susceptible to poor workmanship
as ordinary concrete and all normal site
operations should be performed to the optimum
requirements.
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B. Hardened state
1. Compressive strength
o When cement replaced by SF, the maximum
7 days compressive strength is observed to
be 4.32% higher than normal concrete.
o At 28 days the strength is observed to be
19.6% higher than normal concrete.
o For cylinders, maximum 7 days compressive
strength is 4.32% higher than normal
concrete
o And maximum 28 days strength was
observed to be 16.82% higher than normal
cement concrete.
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3. Flexural strength
o 28 days flexural strength was found to be 21.13%
higher than normal concrete for 10% cement
replacement. (Fig.9)
o This value is far more than value calculated from
the relation 0.7fck (fck is the characteristic
strength of concrete) as specified by IS: 4562002.
o SF reacts with free lime of cement and
contributing to strength development
o SF bind themselves tightly with cement hydrates
in the forms of flocks and make more spaces for
the hydration products.
o As SF content is increased, the bond of the
hydrated cement paste with the aggregate, is
greatly improved allowing the aggregate to
participate in stress transfer in a better way and
hence, the increase in strength is observed.
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Advantages
High early compressive strength
High tensile, flexural strength, and modulus of
elasticity
Very low permeability to chloride and water
intrusion
Enhanced durability
Increased toughness
Increased abrasion resistance on decks, floors,
overlays and marine structures
Superior resistance to chemical attack from
chlorides, acids, nitrates and sulfates
life-cycle cost efficiencies.
Higher bond strength
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Disadvantages
Availability
Higher water requirement
Skilled labour
Application economical only on large scale
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Case study-I
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concrete mixture
o Cement
= 386kg/m3
o Silica fume slurry (46% dry powder)
=
156kg/m3
o Coarse aggregate
= 971kg/m3
o Fine aggregate
= 824 kg/m3
o Water: cement ratio
= 0.28
o Fresh properties
Average air content
=3.2%
Average slump
= 250mm
Average unit weight
= 2444kg/m3
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Case study - II
A parking structure was built in general Mitchel
airport, Milwaukee, Wisconsin with the following
requirements:
o Resist chloride ion penetration
o Attain compressive strengths of:
14 Mpa at 36 hours
40MPa at 56 days
o Parking structure for 2300 vehicles
o Structure was post tensioned
o Requirement of 36 hour strength was to allow post
tensioning
o Microsilica concrete alternative was found to be less
than half the cost of conventional method.
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Concrete Mixture:
o Portland cement,
= 335 kg/m3
o Fly ash, Class C = 60 kg/m3
o Silica fume
= 17 kg/m3
o w/cm
= 0.35
o WRA
= 440 mL/m3
o Slump, maximum = 230 mm
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Result
Compressive strength,
36 hours
> 14 MPa
Slump used:
150- 90 mm
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Other examples
Petronas Tower, Kuala
Lampur
Columns: Grade 80
Beams: Grade 60
Pumped 88 storeys
high
Triple blend:
OPC/flyash/microsilica
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Burj Khalifa,
Dubai
350 000 m3 high
strength concrete (80
and 60 MPa spec)
Pumping all the way
single stage
Ternary blends
PC/FA/SF
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conclusions
Silica fume concrete facilitates the
adoption of lower water cement ratio.
better hydration of cement particles
including strong bonding amongst
particles.
Maximum compressive strength is noted
for 10% replacement of cement with silica
fume and the values are higher than those
of normal concrete.
Split tensile strength and flexural strength
of the micro silica concrete are increased 48
Contd
As SF concrete is more compact and more
durable in nature and hence with some
degree of quality control, it may be used in
places where there is a chance of chemical
attack, frost action, etc.
With good quality control, high early strength
can be achieved in SF concrete which may be
useful in various structural constructions such
as high-rise buildings, bridges, chimneys,
machine foundations, runways , etc.
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reference
D.K.S Roy, Amitava Sil, effect of partial replacement of cement by
silica fume on hardened concrete, IJETAE, (August 2012),pp472-475.
V. Ajay, C.Rajeev and yadav R.K.,effect of microsilica on the strength
of concrete with ordinary portland cement, Res.J.Engineering Sci.,
(sept. 2012), pp1-4.
Magudeaswaran P, Eswaramoorthi P, Experimental investigations of
mechanical properties on microsilica and fly ash as partial cement
replacement of high performance concrete, IOSR-JMCE, (Jun. 2013),
pp 57-63.
Faseyemi Victor Ajileye, Investigations on Microsilica (Silica Fume) As
Partial Cement Replacement in Concrete, GJRECS, (Jan.2012), pp 1723.
Prof. V.S. Ghutke, Prof. P.S.Bhandari, Influence of silica fume on
concrete, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE) p-ISSN: 2320-334X pp 44-47.
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