Compass Error1

COMPASS ERROR
PROPERTIES OF MAGNET
Every magnet has North (N) Pole and
South (S) Pole without exception
Magnetic strength is strongest at the
poles and weakest at the middle of
magnet
Like poles REPEL and unlike poles
ATTRACT
Magnets attract magnetic materials as
iron, Steel, etc.
The closer they are, the greater the
magnetic force between them
Magnetic Field flow from N Pole to S Pole
in Air and from S Pole to N Pole within
the magnet
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
EARTHS MAGNETISM
Earth behaves like a giant bar of Magnet
If the (North) needle of your compass is
pointing North that means it is attracted by
Magnetic South Pole
What we call Earth's Magnetic North Pole is
actually theSouthPole of the Magnet inside
Earth
Position of Earths Magnetic North is
constantly changing and does not coincide
with Earths axis or Geographic True North
The difference between Magnetic north"
and True north" is an angle that varies
slightly from place to place is called
VARIATION
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
COMPASS VARIATION
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Compass Variation varies depending

on position on the Earth's surface,
and changes over time
Variation is East when True heading
is greater than the Magnetic
Compass heading
Isogonic linesare lines on the
Earth's surface along which the
Variation has the same constant
value
Agonic lines are lines on the Earth's
surface along which the Variation is
Zero
COMPASS DEVIATION
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
It refers to the error in a compass reading

induced by nearby metallic objects, such as
on board a ship or aircraft.
It varies depending on Ships Heading.
GYRO COMPASS & ERROR

AGyro Compassis a type of nonmagneticcompass which is based on a fastspinning disc and rotation of theEarth to
automatically find geographicaldirection.
They findTrue Northas determined byEarth's
rotation
They are unaffected byferromagnetic materials,
such as ship'ssteelhull, which change
themagnetic field
The Gyro is subject to course, speed and latitude
errors.
To avoid confusion with magnetic errors, gyro error
is named high (H) or low (L).
Gyro error is named High (or West) when the Gyro
Course or Bearing is higher than the True Course
or Bearing
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
CORRECTING & UNCORRECTING
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
CORRECTING COMPASS
UNCORRECTING COMPASS
CAN
TRUE
DEAD
VIRGIN
MAN
MAKES
VOTE
D
DULL
C
COMPANION
AT WEDDING (+ WEST / EAST)
T
TWICE
AT ELECTION (+EAST / WEST)
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Add East
CADET
Compass
True
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Compass Best = Error

West
Compass Least = Error
East
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Your vessel is proceeding down a channel,

and you see pair of range lights that are
in line dead ahead. The chart indicates
that the direction of this pair of lights is
229 T, and variation is 6 W. If the
heading of your vessel at the time of the
sighting is 232 per standard magnetic
compass, what is the correct deviation?
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
SOLUTION
T / = 229
Var
6 W
M/ = 235
Dev.
C/C
3 E
= 232
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
What is the deviation of the compass, heading when the

compass bearing of two beacons in range is 336 and
the plotted range is 332 , the variation in the locality is
1 E?
A. 5 E
B. 5 W
C. 4 E
D. 4 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
T/ = 332
Var. =
1 E ( - )
M/ = 331
Dev.=
5W ( + )
C/ = 336
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
You wish to check the deviation of your magnetic

compass heading which is 026. Your gyrocompass
reads 034. The gyro error is 1 W, and the variation of
the locality is 9 E. What is the deviation of the magnetic
compass heading?
A. 2 E
B. 4 W
C. 2 W
D. 9 E
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
SOLUTION
G/Co = 034
G/E =
1 W ( - )
T/Co = 033
C/Co = 026 ( - )
C/E =
VAR =
DEV
7 E
9 E ( - )
2 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Your vessel is proceeding up a channel steering on a

pair of range lights that are in line ahead. The chart
indicates that the direction of this pair of lights is 249 T,
and the variation is 14 W. If the heading of your vessel
at the time of the sighting is 266 per standard magnetic
A. 5 W
B. 3 W
C. 5 E
D. 9 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
T/ = 249
C/Co = 266
C/E = 17 W
Var. = 14 W ( - )
DEV =
3 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
While entering a harbor on a course of 225 per

gyrocompass, you take a bearing on a pair of
range lights and get 220 per gyrocompass. The
bearing on the chart is 217 T. The variation for
the area is 6 W and deviation is 2 W. What
course would you steer per gyrocompass to
make a good true course of 232 ?
A. 229 pgc
B. 243 pgc
C. 240 pgc
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
SOLUTION
G / = 220 pgc
T / = 217
G/E =
3 W
T / C = 232
G / C = 235 pgc
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
The observe Gyro heading is 095. The suns azimuth

indicates a gyro error of 1 low. If the variation is 12 E
and the compass course is 095, how much is the
deviation?
A. 11 W
B. 11 E
C. 10 E
D. 10 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
SOLUTION
G/Co. = 095
G/E
1 Low (E)
T/Co
= 096
Var.
12 E
M/Co = 084
Dev.
11 W
C/Co = 095
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
What is the deviation of the compass on heading 053

when steering 044 PSC to a beacon in range dead
ahead with variation in the locality of 4 W?
A. 5 E
B. 13 E
C. 13 W
D. 5 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
SOLUTION
T/Co. = 044
Var.
4 W ( + )
M/Co. = 048
Dev.
5 W ( + )
C/Co. = 053
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
6. A vessels course is 169 per gyro compass. The

variation for the locality is 22 East. The deviation is 4
West, gyro error is 3 East. What is the true course?
A. 154
B. 157
C. 172
D. 166
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
CEBU GEMS
Review Center
Your vessel is proceeding up a channel, and you see a

pair of range lights that are in line ahead. The chart
indicates that the direction of this pair of lights is 014 T,
and the variation is 11 E. If the heading of your vessel
at the time of the sighting is 009 per standard magnetic
A. 5 E
B. 6 E
C. 5 W
D. 6 W
CEBU GEMS
Review Center

Compass Error1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Compass Error1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Compass Error1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

What are the main properties of magnets?

What are the main properties of magnets?

What causes the Earth to behave like a giant magnet?

What causes the Earth to behave like a giant magnet?

COMPASS ERROR

Compass Variation varies depending

It refers to the error in a compass reading

GYRO COMPASS & ERROR

CORRECTING & UNCORRECTING

CORRECTING & UNCORRECTING

CORRECTING & UNCORRECTING

Compass Best = Error

Your vessel is proceeding down a channel,

What is the deviation of the compass, heading when the

You wish to check the deviation of your magnetic

Your vessel is proceeding up a channel steering on a

While entering a harbor on a course of 225 per

The observe Gyro heading is 095. The suns azimuth

What is the deviation of the compass on heading 053

6. A vessels course is 169 per gyro compass. The

Your vessel is proceeding up a channel, and you see a

You might also like