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    Frederick Moncada
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    299 views7 pages

    Mercator Sailing

    Uploaded by

    Frederick Moncada

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Mercator Sailing

    Scale of a Mercator Chart:


    The longitude scale is constant in all latitudes in a Mercator Chart.
    The latitude scale, on the other hand, is not constant because the chart
    is increasingly distorted the further one moves from the equator.
    Because of this distortion, the distance between latitudes increases the
    further north or south one goes.
    Care must be taken when measuring distance from the left and right
    hand edges of the chart. The distance must be measured around the
    middle latitude between the two points.
    Mercator Sailing provides a mathematical solution of the plot
    as made on a Mercator chart. It is similar to plane sailing, but
    uses difference of meridional parts (DMP) and difference of
    longitude instead of difference of latitude and departure,
    respectively.

    The Meridional Parts of any latitude are the number of


    longitude units in the length of a meridian between the that
    latitude and the equator. The meridional parts correspond to
    the length of the small portions of the meridian that have
    suffered deformations in the Mercator projection.
    Formulas Used in Mercator Sailing:
    MP = (7915.7 x (Log Tan Lat ÷ 2 + 45)) – ((Sin Lat) x 23.27)

    DMP = MP1 ± MP2 DLo


    * MP1 and MP2 different name (+)
    * MP1 and MP2 same name (-)

    Tan θ = DLo / DMP DLat / DMP

    t
    Dis
    Dist = DLat / Cos θ θ
    MERIDIONAL PARTS TABLE
    Sample Problems:
    1. A vessel at initial position 1854’N; 07300’E heads for her destination at 1312’N; 05300’E.
    Find the true course and distance using Mercator Sailing.
    Given: Find:
    P1 = 1854’N; 07300’E T/Co & Dist Step 4 – DLo
    P2 = 1312’N; 05300’E Tan θ = DLo / DMP
    Tan θ = 1200’ / 353.9’
    θ = Tan-1(1200’ / 353.9’)
    Solution: θ = S 73.57 W
    Step 1 – DLat Step 2 – DLo Step 3 - DMP
    T/Co = 253.57T
    L1 = 1854’N λ1 = 07300’E MP1 = 1147.7 Nmi N
    L2 = 1312’N λ2 = 05300’E MP2 = 793.8 Nmi N Step 5 – Dist
    DLat = 542’S DLo = 2000’W DMP = 353.9 Nmi S Dist = DLat / Cos θ
    or 342 Nmi S or 1200 Nmi W Dist = 342’ / Cos 73.57
    Dist = 1209.15 Nmi
    Sample Problems:
    2. A vessel at initial position 1239’N; 17500’E heads for her destination with a course 035T
    and distance of 1254 Nmi. Find the latitude and longitude of arrival.
    Given: Find:
    P1 = 1239’N; 17500’E Lat2 and Long2 Step 4 – DLo
    T/Co = 035T (θ = N 35 E) Tan θ = DLo / DMP
    Dist = 1254 Nmi DLo = DMP x Tan θ
    DLo = 1100.6 x Tan 35
    Solution: DLo = 770.65 Nmi
    Step 1 – DLat Step 2 – Lat2 Step 3 - DMP or 1250.65’E
    Dist = DLat / Cos θ L1 = 1239’N MP1 = 760.2 Nmi
    DLat = Dist x Cos θ DLat = 1707.22’N MP2 = 1860.8 Nmi Step 5 – Long2
    λ1 = 17500’E
    DLat = 1254’ x Cos 35 L2 = 2946.22’N DMP = 1100.6 Nmi
    DLo = 1250.65’E
    DLat = 1027.22 N
    λ2 = 17209.35’ W
    or 1707.22’N

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