Sustainable Architectural Built Environment: - A Presentation

Sustainable Architectural Built
Environment
- A Presentation
SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT
CA(NDR),CPWD
Contents
Approach to Sustainability
Energy Efficient Design & Process
Design Strategies in Various Climates zones of
India
Introduction to Renewable Energy sources
A case study on Indira Paryavaran Bhawan
CA(NDR),CPWD
Approach to Sustainability
Climate responsive
hot-dry, warm-humid,
composite,
temperate
cold climate
sun path movements, annual wind directions
rainfall
Selection of building materials shall be based on

local Architecture.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Energy Efficient Design & Processes

Climatic zone of the site
Adopt passive architectural design
Reduce the hard paved areas
retain the mature trees.
Use of low energy or passive heating or cooling.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Site Design & Development

Protect
Agricultural lands
Floodplains
Forest areas
Water bodies such as lakes, ponds etc.
Preserve top soil and existing

vegetation.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Site Planning
A well-planned and optimally oriented
building
: Passive solar heating
Solar heat gain.
Natural ventilation.
High-quality day lighting
Storm water runoff.
Protect open space.
Reduce the risk of soil - erosion.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Passive Architecture Design
Based upon climate considerations

Attempts to control comfort
Orientation of the building
Building envelope (plan, section) to control air flow

Uses materials to control heat
Maximizes use of free solar energy
Maximizes use of free ventilation for cooling
Uses shade (natural or architectural) to control heat gain
CA(NDR),CPWD
Differentiating Passive vs. Active Design

Passive
design
results when
a building is
created and
simply works
on its own.
Active design uses equipment to

modify the state of the building,
create energy and comfort; ie.
Fans, pumps, etc.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Climatic zones of India
Hot & Dry

Warm & Humid
Composite
Temperate
Cold
CA(NDR),CPWD
Design Strategies in Hot & Dry Climate

Large openings
Windows area.
Internal courtyard for cross
ventilation & thermal buffer
Radiation barriers in the form of
canopies, chhajjas, long
verandahs
etc.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Design Strategies in Warm &Humid Climate
Orientation should preferably be in North-South

direction.
Provide maximum cross ventilation in the
building.
CA(NDR),CPWD
CA(NDR),CPWD
Design Strategies in Composite Climate

Plan the building around the
courtyard.
Reduce heat gain in the building
through building envelope.
Plan water bodies
cavity walls, terrace gardens,
light
shelves.
NORTH
CROSS VENTILATION AT
THE MICRO LEVEL
THROUGH OPENINGS
Design Strategies in Temperate Climate

cavity walls, terrace
roof,
gardens,
green light
shelves
Roof insulation using
insulation
material,
china clay or clay pots
is advisable.
Design Strategies in Cold Climate

Glazing windows up to 25%
floor area
Double glazing to avoid heat
losses during winter nights.
Adopt Trombe walls.
Sunspaces
Building Envelope
Reduction in energy consumption by HVAC system.
The thermal energy efficiency of the building Internal
Heat Gain Factors: Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC):
solar heat that passes through the glazing
.
The lower the SHGC, the lesser the direct
incident
heat gains from the glazing surfaces.
.
Strategies for Designing Building Envelope
Solar Transmission Through Glass

Solar radiation
Reflected off of the glass..
Absorbed into the glass,.
Initial transmission through the
glass as once the heat is in, it
is IN.
Solar Transmission through Varying Types

of
Glass
Solar Energy as a Function of Orientation

solar energy
received on the
different facades and
roof of a building .
A horizontal window
(skylight) receives 4
to 5 times more solar
radiation than south
window on June 21.
East and West
glazing collects
almost 3 times the
solar radiation of
south window.
.
A simple roof overhang acts as a

shading device.
External Heat Gain Factors

U Value:
Amount of heat that gets
transmitted through a unit
area of a material for a
unit difference in
temperature.
The lower the UValue of the material, the

lesser the heat transfer, and
better the thermal
efficiency. ECBC
recommends the U- values
for glazing:
Reduction in Overall Embodied Energy

low energy materials for construction.
Promote the use of low energy materials in interiors
to maintain indoor air quality.
sealants and adhesives used are water based rather
than solvent based or have low solvent content.
Renewable Energy
Types of
Renewable
Energy :Solar
Biomass
Wind
Water
Geothermal
.
Solar Energy
Solar power is used for hot water
& for generating Electricity.
Disadvantages
Cost very high.
Require large area.
Wind Energy
Wind is caused due to difference of
temperature at the earths surface when
lit by sunlight.
Wind Energy can be used to pump
water or generate electricity.
Disadvantages
Initial Cost is very High.
Wind Farms are Unsightly and wind
turbines are noisy.
Maintenance of wind mills is very
costly.
.
Waste Management Hierarchy
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
STRATEGIES
CASE STUDY
INDIRA PARAYAVARAN BHAWAN OFFICE BUILDING FOR
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT&FORESTS .
ALIGANJ JORBAGH NEW DELHI
Redevelopment Plan Of Aliganj
PROJECT LOCATION
Nearest
Highway
Nearest
Metro
Station
Nearest
Railway
Station
Nearest
Airport
NH-2
NH-8
Jorbagh
3.9 km
4.2 km
0.5 km
Lody
Colony RS
Hazrat
Nizamuddi
n
0.6 km
4.0 km
Safdarjung
Airport
IGI Airport
1.2
km 11
km
CA(NDR),CPWD
30
Executing the Design Brief
The excellent location in the heart of Delhi, offers an opportunity to create a link with
the Delhis Past.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Executing the Design Brief
+
With the buildings envelope design & Green concepts, it was
ready to incorporate not only a Net Zero, but an Energy-Positive
CA(NDR),CPWD
approach.
Architectural Design Strategies

Building
form
wrapped around
a
shaded green open courtyard
pedestrian-friendly
A continuous green axis
from front of site across
the atrium.
Eco
park
within
the
courtyard shall contain a self
sustaining low.
Large
openings in
building
form
on South and
sides.
North
NORT
H
CA(NDR),CPWD

Conservation of natural soil
trees.
and
Orientation of building has been
planned reduce ingress of
solar radiation.
Largeopenings North andSouth
faces.
Green areas have been developed on
smaller terraces.
Shaded landscape areas to reduce
ambient temperature.
Provision of barrier free access .
Surrounding open area parking free
by providing adequate parking
the
basement.
in
NORTH
CA(NDR),CPWD
The faade has been designed

to receive 70% of natural
daylight.
Shading devices
East, West and South to take care
of the solar radiations especially
in summer.
d
On the Southern side of the
building terraces have been
create to take the winter sun
Barrier free access to
differentlyabled
persons.
Automated parking in three
CA(NDR),CPWD
Site Planning with respect to

Nature
Natural ventilation due to stack

effect
- Maximum Ground Coverage Used (30%) to keep building height comparable to the
surroundings
-Respecting the Eco-logic of the site. Building Punctures to Aid Cross Ventilation
CA(NDR),CPWD
Energy Conservation Measures
CA(NDR),CPWD
Usage of Building configurations for utilizing lessons

from nature and traditional built environments
PROJECTIONS INTO THE CENTRAL SPACE
FOR
SHADING + Shading by Passages
CROSS VENTILATION AT
THE MICRO LEVEL
THROUGH OPENINGS
JAALIS IN THE LOBBY TO AID CROSS

VENTILATION & PREVENT HEAT
GAIN
R O A D
CA(NDR),CPWD
Envelope Design: Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation
due to stack
effect
Building punctures are

designed to aid cross
ventilation
CA(NDR),CPWD
Layout Plan
9003
6000
12000
19980
24730
9001
4910
5130
1500
SETBACK LINE
76750
6000
9000
19980
19250
14379
12070
19980
23845
6000
SETBACK LINE
6300
59349
6000
17745
CA(NDR),CPWD
SECTION
AA
INDIRA PARYAVARAN
BHAWAN
SA-XII,
C.P.W.D.
.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Section BB
INDIRA PARYAVARAN
BHAWAN
SA-XII,
C.P.W.D.
.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Top View
CA(NDR),CPWD
CA(NDR),CPWD
WALL SECTIONS
High Efficiency Glass, high VLT, low Low Uvalue

Light Shelves for bringing in diffused sunlight
CA(NDR),CPWD
Use of Eco friendly

Fly AshMaterials
Brick
Aerated Autoclaved Cement (AAC) Block
Portland Puzzolona Cement ( with 30 % fly ash )
Patterned multi-coloured terrazzo flooring with
salvaged stone pieces
Grass Paver Blocks Pavements
Local Stone with Marble Strips
Calcium Silicate Tiles
Bamboo Jute Composite for Frames & Doors
Low Volatile Organic Compound Paints
Natural stone for flooring and cladding
CA(NDR),CPWD
46
Sustainable Building Features

Natural ventilation
Solar power generation
Solar passive envelope design including walls & roof
insulation & fenestration
Efficient electrical equipment
as per ECBC
2007 requirements
Waste water recycling
for Cooling Tower
Rain water harvesting
Geo thermal technology for heat rejection of AC
system
Design inside temperature:
26 C
CA(NDR),CPWD
Notable Features of the Building

A Net Zero Energy Building
Energy demand and generation of building is
14 lakh KWH
Energy Efficiency
LPD achieved
is 5 watt/sqm as against
11.8
watt/sqm of ECBC 2007
saving in energy > 50%
450Sft/Tr as against 150sft/Tr in conventional
building
Electrical load designed as 4.3 W/Sft as
against 10W/sft in conventional building
CA(NDR),CPWD
48
Energy Conservation Measures
Overall Design Load optimized at 800 KW

High Efficiency Solar Panels for Net Zero
Energy efficient T-5 and LED Fixtures
Innovative Chilled Beam system for cooling
Water cooled chillers, double skin air handling units
with variable frequency drives (VFD)
Geo thermal heat exchange for heat rejection from
Airconditioning system
CA(NDR),CPWD
49
Innovation & Design
Geothermal heat rejection

Chilled beam system for HVAC
Regenerative Lift
High Efficiency Solar panel.
Mechanized car parking.
Low energy EM technology for Bio digestion of
organic waste.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Showcasing Biodiversity
- Regenerative Architecture
keeping the existing balance of
nature to connect outdoor
greens and the courtyard
greens
CA(NDR),CPWD
Showcasing Bio Diversity

-Showcase green bio diversity from Bio-climatic
regions of Hot Dry, Composite, Warm Humid,
Temperate, Cold Dry & Cold Cloudy
- Developing Winter Southside sunspaces for
office Employees
CA(NDR),CPWD
THANKS
CA(NDR),CPWD
Solid Waste Management
Minimize waste generation.

Streamline waste segregation.
Plan proper storage, and disposal
Promote resource recovery from
waste.
At the time of the construction
allocate separate space for the
collected waste before
transferring it to the
recycling/disposal station.
CA(NDR),CPWD
Internal Heat Gain Factors

LPD Level
EPD Level
Building Occupancy
CA(NDR),CPWD
Integrated Water Management
The use of water conservation fixtures.

Landscaping water requirement reduction.
rain water harvesting
Aquifer recharging
Waste-water recycling
Involve use of efficient building and plumbing
services components.
Minimize the consumption of mains supply potable
water.
CA(NDR),CPWD
External Heat Gain Factors

Projection Factor:
PF = A / B
Visible Light Transmittance

(VLT):
CA(NDR),CPWD
Salient Features
Solar power generation
Solar passive envelope design including walls & roof
insulation & fenestration
Efficient electrical equipment
as per ECBC 2007
requirements
Waste water recycling
for Cooling Tower
Rain water harvesting
Design temperature:
26 C (S) / 20 C (W)
Natural ventilation
CA(NDR),CPWD
58
INTRODUCTION
Land use
to office
changed from Residential
Government
Named as Indira Paryavaran Bhawan

Plot of land measuring 9565 sq.M
CA(NDR),CPWD
Types of Radiation
Reflective glazing
CA(NDR),CPWD
Glazing Characteristics
CA(NDR),CPWD

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Sustainable Architectural Built

Selection of building materials shall be based on

Energy Efficient Design & Processes

Site Design & Development

Preserve top soil and existing

Passive Architecture Design

Based upon climate considerations

Building envelope (plan, section) to control air flow

Differentiating Passive vs. Active Design

Active design uses equipment to

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Climatic zones of India

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Hot & Dry

Design Strategies in Hot & Dry Climate

Design Strategies in Warm &Humid Climate

Orientation should preferably be in North-South

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Design Strategies in Composite Climate

Design Strategies in Temperate Climate

Design Strategies in Cold Climate

Strategies for Designing Building Envelope

Solar Transmission Through Glass

Solar Transmission through Varying Types

Solar Energy as a Function of Orientation

A simple roof overhang acts as a

External Heat Gain Factors

The lower the UValue of the material, the

Reduction in Overall Embodied Energy

Waste Management Hierarchy

Redevelopment Plan Of Aliganj

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Executing the Design Brief

Executing the Design Brief

Architectural Design Strategies

Architectural Design Strategies

Architectural Design Strategies

The faade has been designed

Site Planning with respect to

Natural ventilation due to stack

Energy Conservation Measures

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Usage of Building configurations for utilizing lessons

JAALIS IN THE LOBBY TO AID CROSS

Envelope Design: Natural Ventilation

Building punctures are

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

High Efficiency Glass, high VLT, low Low Uvalue

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Use of Eco friendly

Sustainable Building Features

Notable Features of the Building

Energy Conservation Measures