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    Disperse Dyes

    Uploaded by

    Liz Aby
    This document discusses disperse dyes, which are water insoluble dyes used to dye synthetic fibers like polyester, acetate, and nylon. Disperse dyes do not have ionizing groups, have low water solubility, and are suitable for hydrophobic fibers. They require carriers or dispersing agents to disperse the dye in water during application. Disperse dyes have fair to good lightfastness. The document outlines the mechanisms, structure, solubility, chargeability, environmental impact, fastness properties, applications to synthetic fibers, color range, cost, and dyeing methods like high temperature dyeing and the thermosol process.

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    Disperse Dyes

    Uploaded by

    Liz Aby
    67 views18 pages
    This document discusses disperse dyes, which are water insoluble dyes used to dye synthetic fibers like polyester, acetate, and nylon. Disperse dyes do not have ionizing groups, have low water solubility, and are suitable for hydrophobic fibers. They require carriers or dispersing agents to disperse the dye in water during application. Disperse dyes have fair to good lightfastness. The document outlines the mechanisms, structure, solubility, chargeability, environmental impact, fastness properties, applications to synthetic fibers, color range, cost, and dyeing methods like high temperature dyeing and the thermosol process.

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    This document discusses disperse dyes, which are water insoluble dyes used to dye synthetic fibers like polyester, acetate, and nylon. Disperse dyes do not have ionizing groups, have low water solubility, and are suitable for hydrophobic fibers. They require carriers or dispersing agents to disperse the dye in water during application. Disperse dyes have fair to good lightfastness. The document outlines the mechanisms, structure, solubility, chargeability, environmental impact, fastness properties, applications to synthetic fibers, color range, cost, and dyeing methods like high temperature dyeing and the thermosol process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    67 views18 pages

    Disperse Dyes

    Uploaded by

    Liz Aby
    This document discusses disperse dyes, which are water insoluble dyes used to dye synthetic fibers like polyester, acetate, and nylon. Disperse dyes do not have ionizing groups, have low water solubility, and are suitable for hydrophobic fibers. They require carriers or dispersing agents to disperse the dye in water during application. Disperse dyes have fair to good lightfastness. The document outlines the mechanisms, structure, solubility, chargeability, environmental impact, fastness properties, applications to synthetic fibers, color range, cost, and dyeing methods like high temperature dyeing and the thermosol process.

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    Disperse Dyes

    Disperse Dyes
    The term disperse dye have been applied to the
    organic colouring substances which are free from
    ionizing groups, are of low water solubility and
    are suitable fordyeing hydrophobic fibres.

    Disperse dyesare the only water insoluble dyes


    that dye polyester and acetate fibers. Disperse
    dye molecules are the smallest dye molecules
    among all dyes.

    Disperse dyes are used for dyeing man made


    cellulose ester and synthetic fibres specially
    acetate and polyester fibres and sometimes nylon
    and acrylic fibres.
    Carrier or dispersing agents are required for
    dyeing with disperse dyes.
    Disperse dyes have fair to good light fastness
    with rating about 4-5.

    MECHANISM OF DISPERSE
    DYE
    Wander Walls Forces.
    High affinity for Fibers.
    Attraction between Fiber Surface and the
    Dye Molecule.

    STRUCTURE

    SOLUBILITY
    Non-Soluble in Water.

    CHARGEABILITY

    Neutral Charge.
    Penetrate Because of Transition State of Synthetic Fibers

    ENVIRONMENT BEHAVIOUR
    Non-Environmental Friendly.
    Human effect dyeing method.

    FASTNESS PROPERTIES
    Washing :Good .
    Lightening :Good .
    Crocking :Good .
    Gas Fume Fade :Average .

    APPLIANCES

    They are Applied to Synthetic Fibers such as


    Acetate, Triacetate, Polyester, Nylon and Acrylic.

    COLOUR RANGE
    Wide Range of Colors.
    Bright and Lighter Shades.
    Major Colors:Pale Yellow and Blue.

    COST
    Cheapmethod for dyeing process.

    Other agents used in


    Polyester dyeing

    Dispersing Agent

    It increases the solubility of the dye in water .

    It helps to increase the rate of the dye exhaustion

    Leveling Agent

    Leveling agents hold the rate of the dyeing and


    helps to get uniform dyeing.

    Buffer
    These agents protect the dye from reduction in
    high temperature bath .

    The Methods Can Be Employed In The


    Dyeing Of Polyester

    High temperature dyeing process

    Thermosol process.

    High Temperature Dyeing Proces

    High temperature dyeing of polyester can be done i


    eam Dyeing machines , Jet dyeing machines
    nd Pressure Jiggers .

    This method dye applied under pressure at


    temperature of about 130`c .
    Heating help to swell the highly compact
    polyester polymer and make available
    more space for the dye molecule to enter
    in to the amorphous region of the fiber .

    yeing Of Polyester Fabric With Disperse Dyes B


    High Temperature Exhaust Method
    Procedure :
    Prepare The Dye Bath Using The Recipe Below

    M:L:R
    Ammonium Sulphate
    Dispersing Agent

    1:30 to 1:40
    2g/l
    0.5g/l

    The Sample Using The Following Dyeing

    Dyeing With Disperse Dye

    ( High Temperature Exhaust Method )

    t the dye bath is made with the dye , dispersing agent and
    e temperature is raised to 60`C .

    t , Formic acid and Ammonium-Sulphate added till the pH is

    dyeing should be continued and the temperature is raised t


    0`C over period of 45 min.

    en temperature reaches 130`C dyeing is done for 1 hour .

    Rinsed the sample with cold water .

    oval the disperse dye on the surface of the fabric by


    ng Caustic Soda and Sodium Hydrosulphite and rinsed , Neut
    sample.

    Thermolsol Process

    This process is suitable for mixed fabric of


    Poly-Cotton or Poly-Wool .
    The thermo-sol dyeing process is consists of the
    following stages .
    Padding

    Drying

    Thermofixing
    After Treatment

    Padding

    e Padding Carried Out At 30 - 40`C With


    Following Ingredients

    Dispensing Agent
    Water
    Disperse dye
    Acetic Acid ( pH 6 7 )
    Wetting Agent
    Neutral alginate thickener

    Thermosol Process
    After padding the cloth with the dye and the other
    dried .

    Next stage is fixation of the disperse dye , the cloth is pass


    through a hot air pin stenter for 60 second at 190 210 `C
    After heat treatment the cloth washed .

    Thank
    You
    Ranasinghe

    Ashan

    Gayan
    Weerasinghe

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