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Gi-Fi Wireless
Technology
Parmanand Bhuriya
M.Tech Cyber Security
I Year II Sem
SPUP

Content:
Currently using technologies.
Network Evolution.
Why Gi-Fi.
Introduction to Gi-Fi.
Why 60 GHz Used.
Architecture of Gi-Fi and working
Fundamental technology of 802.15.3c
Feature of Gi-Fi
Applications of Gi-FI.

Currently using technologies:

Cables

Optical Fiber

Bluetooth

Wi-Fi

WiMax

Gi-Fi

Network Evolution

Gi-Fi
WiMax

Wi-Fi
Bluetooth

Wireless Access

Cables

Optical Fiber

Compression of Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Gi-Fi:

Specification

Bluetooth

Wi-Fi

Gi-Fi

frequency

2.4 GHZ

2.4 GHz

60 GHZ

Primary Application

10 meter

100 meter

10 meter

Data Transfer Rate

800 Kbps

11 Mbps

5 Gbps

Power consumption

Low

Medium

Very Low

Primary devices

Mobile Phone, PDAs consumer

electronic etc.

Notebook comp,
Comp.Server

Primary application

WPAN cable replacement

WLAN: Ethernet

Both

Development start date

1998

1990

2004

Specification authority

Bluetooth SIG

IEEE,
WECA

IEEE

Desktop Both areas

Why GI-FI:

Currently working wireless technology are Bluetooth and Wi Fi but both have some drawback like:
Slow transmission rate -Wi-Fi has maximum data transfer
has about 800 Kbps.

speed is about 11Mbps while Bluetooth

High power consumption-Wi-Fi consume about 5mw and

Bluetooth consume about 10mw.

Cost-The existing technologies are very expensive as compare

to Gi-Fi.

Introduction to Gi-Fi:

GI-FI means gigabit wireless or it is gigabit fidelity.

Worlds first transceiver integrated on single chip.

Developed by researchers of NICTA and operates on 60ghz on the CMOS chip.

Allows wireless transfer of audio and video data at up to 5gb per second.

Transfer data within an indoor environment usually within a range of 10ms.

The Nitro chipset in Gi-Fi technology by offering reduced size and power
consumption, can be used to send and receive large amounts of data in a variety of
applications, it is able to transfer gigabits of data within seconds and therefore it can
be used for huge data file transmission and it is expected that this chipset replaces
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) cables and could develop wireless
home and office of future.

Why 60 GHz used:

Here we will use millimeter wave antenna which will operate at 60Ghz frequency which is
unlined band .Because of this band we are achieving high data rates energy propagation
in the 60 GHz band has unique characteristics that make possible many other benefits such
as excellent immunity to co-channel interference, high security, and frequency re-use.

Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years for
satellite-to-satellite communications. This is because of high oxygen absorption at 60 GHz
(10-15 dB/Km). This absorption attenuates.

60 GHz signals over distance, so that signals cannot travel far beyond their intended
recipient. For this reason, 60GHz is an excellent choice for covert communications.

Operation At 60GHz:
Here we will use millimeter wave antenna which will operate at 60 GHz frequency which
is unlined band Because of this band we are achieving high data rates energy propagation
in the 60 GHz band has unique characteristics that make possible many other benefits
such as excellent immunity to co-channel interference, high security, and frequency reuse. Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years
for satellite-to-satellite communications. This is because of high oxygen absorption at 60
GHz (10-15 dB/Km). For this reason, 60GHz is an excellent choice for covert
communication.

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1) Ultra Wide Band Frequency Usage
A technology with high bit rate, high security and faster data transmission.

It is a zero carrier technique with low coverage area. So we have low power
consumption.
These features are Ultra- Wideband is a technology for transmitting information
spread over a large bandwidth (>500 MHz) that should, be able to share spectrum
with other users.
Regulatory settings of FCC are intended to provide an efficient use of scarce radio
bandwidth while enabling both high data rate personal-area network (PAN)
wireless connectivity and longer-range, low data rate applications as well as radar
and imaging systems.

Time-Division Duplex:

Time-Division Duplex (TDD) is the application of time-division multiplexing to

separate outward and return signals.
It emulates full duplex communication over a half duplex communication link.
Time division duplex has a strong advantage in the case where the asymmetry of
the uplink and downlink data speed is variable. As uplink traffic increases, more
channel capacity can dynamically be allocated to that, and as it shrinks it can be
taken away.

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Architecture of Gi-Fi:

The core components of a Gi-Fi system is the subscriber station which available to
several access points.

It supports millimeter-wave wireless network used for communication among

computer devices.

GiFi wireless technology incorporates one subscriber station that is made available
for different access points.

It supports IEEE 802.15.3C standard millimeter wave wireless networks that are
used majorly for communication between computer devices.

The subscriber station basically comprises of a small antenna that is mounted on the
top in order to support the light of sight operations. In order to avoid any
interference, it transmits multiples signals across the path of transmission, at the
same time having different frequencies.

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FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES IN 802.15.3C

It transmits multiple signals simultaneously across the wireless

transmission paths within separate frequencies to avoid interference.

It uses ultra wide band.

Which consists of

1.

High bit rate

2.

High security

3.

Faster data transmission

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IEEE 802.15.3c Standard:

It is basically a task group TG 3c develop a millimeter-Wave- based alternative

physical layer for the existing 802.15.3 WPAN standard 802.15.3-2003.

It was formed in march 2005. this mmWave WPAN define to operate in the 57-66
GHz range depending on the geographical region.

mmWave WPAN allow very high data rate short range 10m for applications(high
internet access, streaming content downloading, real time streaming)

A total 3 PHY mode we define in the standard

1.

Single carrier (SC) mode up to 5.3 Gbit/s

2.

HSI mode SC up to 5 Gbit/s

3.

Audio/Visual mode (OFDM up to 3.8 Gbit/s)

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This mm Wave WPAN will operate in the new and clear band including 57-64
GHz unlicensed band defined by FCC 47 CFR 15.255.

The millimeter-wave WPAN will allow high coexistence (close physical spacing)
with all other microwave systems in the 802.15 family of WPANs.
Two Technologies that help realize GWLAN are:
1. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)
2. System-On-a-Package (SOP)

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1. Multiple

Input Multiple Outputs

MIMO wireless is an emerging cost effective technology that offers
substantial leverages in making 1Gbps wireless links a reality.
We can in principle, meet the 1Gbps data rate requirement if the
product of bandwidth (measured in Hz) and spectral efficiency
(measured in bps/Hz) equals 10^9.
MIMO wireless constitutes a technological breakthrough that will
allow Gbps speeds in NLOS wireless networks. The performance
improvements resulting from the use of MIMO systems are due to
1. Array gain
2. Diversity gain
3. Spatial Multiplexing Gain
4. Interference Reduction

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2).

System-On-A-Package

SOP approach for the next-generation wireless solution is a more feasible option
than SOC. Recent development of materials and processes in packaging area
makes it possible to bring the concept of SOP into the RF world to meet the
stringent needs in wireless communication area.

Wireless devices implementing complex functionality require a large amount of

circuitry and consequently, require a large conventional package or MCM real
estate. SOP goes one step beyond Multi Chip Module (MCM) by enhancing
overall performances and adding more functionality

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Working of Gi-Fi:

In this we use a time division duplex for both transmission and receiving.
The data files are converted from IF range to RF 60Ghz range by using 2 mixers.
The incoming RF signal is first down converted to an IF signal centered at 5 GHz
and then to normal data ranges, in this we will heterodyne construction for this
process to avoid leakages due to direct conversion. Due to availability of 7 GHz
spectrum the total data will be transferred within seconds.

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Diagram:

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Gi-Fi Chip:

Methodology Used
We used Red Tacton Technology for GI FI Technology-

Red Tacton is a new Human Area Network Technology that uses the
surface of Human Body as a safe, high speed network transmission path.
Red Tacton uses the minute electric field emitted on the surface of the
human body. Technically, it is completely distinct from wireless and
infrared.
A transmission path is formed at the moment when a part of the human
body comes in contact with a Red Tacton transceiver.
Communication is possible using any body surfaces, such as the hands,
fingers, arms, feet, face and legs. Red Tacton works through shoes and
clothing as well.
Red Tacton can achieve duplex communication over human body at a
maximum speed of 10Mbps.

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The basic principles of Red Tacton

are

The Red Tacton transmitter induces a weak electric field on the

surface of the body.
The Red Tacton receiver senses changes in the weak electric field on
the surface of the body caused by the transmitter.
Red Tacton relies upon the principle that the optical properties of an
electro-optic crystal can vary according to the changes of a weak
electric field.
Red Tacton detects changes in the optical properties of an electrooptic crystal using a laser and converts the result to an electrical
signal in an optical receiver circuit.

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Features of Gi-Fi
:-

Touch: Communication with just a touch or a step.

Broadband: Bandwidth does not deteriorate even with
duplex operation and simultaneous access by many users.
Any-Media: Works with many transmission media
common in human life.

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Touch :

Touching, gripping, sitting, walking, stepping and

other human movements can be the triggers for
unlocking or locking, starting or stopping equipment,
or obtaining data.

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Broadband & Interactive:

Duplex, interactive communication is possible at a maximum speed of

10Mbps. Because the transmission path is on the surface of the body,
transmission speed does not deteriorate in congested areas where many
people are communicating at the same time.

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Any Media:
In addition to the human body, various conductors and
dielectrics can be used as transmission media.
Conductors and dielectrics may also be used in
combination.
Dielectric conductors (Signals pass through materials),
(Signals travel along surface).

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Low Power Consumption:

As

the large amount of information transfer

it utilizes mili-watts of power only.

It consumes only 2mwatt power for data transfer of gigabits of information,

where as
in present technologies it takes 10mwatt
power, which is very high.

Quick Deployment:

Compared with the deployment of wired solutions, Gi-Fi requires little or no

external plant construction.
Operators that have obtained plan to use one of the unlicensed bands; do not need to
submit further applications to the Government. Once the antenna and
equipment
are installed and powered, Gi-Fi is ready for
service.
In most cases, deployment of Gi- Fi can be completed in
minutes, compared with
hours for other solutions.

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Better transfer rates

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The main reason for the invention of Gi-Fi was to provide a better transfer rate in comparison to WiFi and Bluetooth. As the name suggests, it offers transfer rates in Gigabits (GB) per second. It
supports a 5 Gbps speed, which is approximately ten times better than the current rate of data
transfer. Due to the high speed, audios, videos can be easily transferred in a matter of seconds. Due
to a higher availability of 7 GHz spectrum, it results in high data rates.

Small sized
Another feature of Gi-Fi is the small size. The chip measures approximately 5mm on each side,
incorporates a small antenna and makes use of a 60 GHz spectrum. Therefore, GiFi offers high
mobility and portability. It provides better coverage area which allows the technology to go higher.

High Security:

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As

the IEEE 802.15.3C provides more security, it provides link level and service level security,
where these features are optional.
Point-to-point wireless systems operating at 60 GHz have been used for many years by the
intelligence community for high security communications and by the military for satelliteto
satellite communications.

Cost-Effective:
Gi-Fi is based on an open, international standard. Mass
adoption of the standard, and the use of
low-cost, mass-produced chipsets lowers the cost of Gi-Fi.
and the resultant integrated wireless
transceiver chip which transfers data at high speed low power at low price $10 only. which is very less
As compare to present systems.

As go on development the price will

be decreased.

APPLICATIONS of Gi-Fi :
1) Inter-vehicle communication system.
The data is exchange vehicle to vehicle is possible to Ad-Hoc network without the help of
external infrastructure.
2) Broadcasting video signal transmission system in sports stadium
Easy and immediate construction of temporal broadband network such as in sports
stadium for the advertisement of information distribution can be possible.
3) Office Appliances
Office Appliances they connected each other and as it transfers data at high speeds that
makes work easy, it also provides high quality of information from internet.
4) House Hold Appliances
With the help of Gi-Fi consumers can easily download their favorite movies in a matter of
seconds and play it on their home theatres or store it wherever desired, so as to watch it
later on. It offers a higher speed of internet, content streaming and download, wireless data
and real time streaming.

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5) Transfer of Video Information

With the current technologies, the transfer of videos may be a lengthy process as it may
take hours, however, with the help of Gi-Fi, videos can be transferred in a jiffy at Gbps
speed. The rate of data transfer is same for both computers and mobile phones.

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Thank You