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Reactivity Series

The document discusses the reactivity series, which lists elements in order of their reactivity. More reactive elements can displace less reactive ones from their compounds through displacement reactions. Carbon is included because it is used to extract some metals from their oxides through heating. Oxidation is the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, while reduction is the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. Redox reactions involve both oxidation and reduction occurring simultaneously.

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Zeedan Mohammed
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118 views

Reactivity Series

The document discusses the reactivity series, which lists elements in order of their reactivity. More reactive elements can displace less reactive ones from their compounds through displacement reactions. Carbon is included because it is used to extract some metals from their oxides through heating. Oxidation is the gain of oxygen or loss of electrons, while reduction is the loss of oxygen or gain of electrons. Redox reactions involve both oxidation and reduction occurring simultaneously.

Uploaded by

Zeedan Mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REACTIVITY SERIES

Reactivity Series
• It is a list of elements (mainly metals) in order of
decreasing reactivity.
• In short, easy way to remember this is
PoSoLi CaMAl (Ca)ZiIr Le(Hy)Co SiMeGo
• Potassium is the most reactive and gold is the least
reactive among all metals in the reactivity series.
• Reactivity decreases as we go down the series.
Why is Carbon (non-metal) included in reactivity series?

• Carbon, a non-metal, is included


in the reactivity series because it
is important in extracting several
metals (including iron) from
metal oxides.
• If a metal is less reactive that
Carbon, falls below Carbon in the
reactivity series, then heating
with carbon can remove the
oxygen from the metal oxide and
leave the metal.
Displacement Reaction
• It is a reaction in which a more reactive element can displace
a less reactive element from its compound.
Displacement Reactions with Metal Oxides
1. Magnesium + copper(II)oxide → magnesium oxide + copper
Mg(s) + CuO(s) → MgO(s) + Cu(s)

• In this reaction, the less reactive metal, copper, has been displaced from its compound
by the more reactive magnesium when magnesium powder and copper(II)oxide are
mixed together heated very strongly.
• But if copper and magnesium oxide are heated, nothing would happen because copper
is less reactive than magnesium. So it cannot displace magnesium from magnesium
oxide.
2. Reaction between magnesium and zinc oxide:
Magnesium + zinc oxide → magnesium oxide + zinc
Mg(s) + ZnO(s) → MgO(s) + Zn(s)
• Heating magnesium with zinc oxide produces zinc metal.

3. Reaction between carbon and copper(II)oxide:


Carbon + copper(II)oxide → carbon dioxide + copper
C(s) + 2CuO(s) → CO2(g) + 2Cu(s)
• When a black mixture of carbon and copper(II)oxide is heated, carbon dioxide gas and
pink-brown copper are produced. This reaction occurs because carbon is above copper
or more reactive than copper in the reactivity series. So it has displaced copper from
copper(II)oxide.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nEt6cW_GSw
Oxidation and Reduction
• In terms of oxygen transfer if chemical
equation is given:
1. Oxidation: Oxidation is gain of oxygen.
2. Reduction: Reduction is loss of oxygen.
• In terms of electron transfer if ionic equation
is given:
1. Oxidation: Oxidation is loss of electrons.
2. Reduction: Reduction is gain of electrons.
• Easy way to remember this is OILRIG –
Oxidation is loss of electrons and Reduction is
gain of electrons.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KwQZOARVJRw
• Redox reaction: It is a reaction in
which both oxidation and reduction
occur simultaneously.
• Oxidising agent: Oxidising agent is a
substance that oxidises another
substance but itself gets reduced. That
is, it gives oxygen to another substance
or gains electrons in order to be reduced.
Oxidising agents are reduced.
• Reducing agent: Reducing agent is a
substance that reduces another substance
but itself it is oxidised. That is, it takes
oxygen from another substance or loses
electrons in order to be oxidised.
Reducing agents are oxidised.

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