CE408 IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

TOPICS: IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

WEEK: 4
LECTURE: 2
LEVEL: 8 T H SEMESTER
PREREQUISITES: NONE
 
COURSE TEACHER: ENGR. KHURAM SALEEM ( khurram
.civil@suit.edu.pk)
ACCESS AT: portal.suit.edu.pk
Civil Engineering Department, SUIT Peshawar
KHURAM SALEEM 1
Some help tips
Intensity of Irrigation:
The % of land that could be irrigated in a season (to avoid over irrigation and
water logging) is called intensity of irrigation of that season.

∆ = 864 B can be used as D = 864 B

D ∆
Capacity Factor = Supply Discharge (water carried)
Design Discharge (water that could be carried)

KHURAM SALEEM 2
Question
The GCA for a distributary is 6000 ha, 80% of which is culturable irrigable. The intensity
of irrigation for Rabi is 50% and for Kharif season is 25%. If the average duty at the
head of the distributary is 2000 ha/cumec for Rabi and 900 ha/cumec for Kharif season,
find out the discharge required at the head of the distributary from average demand
considerations?
Solution:
GCA = 6000 ha
CCA = 80% (6000 ha) = 4800 ha
Area to be irrigated in Rabi season = 50% (CCA) = 0.50 x 4800 ha = 2400 ha
Area to be irrigated in Kharif season = 25% (CCA) = 0.25 x 4800 ha = 1200 ha

KHURAM SALEEM 3
Water required at the head of the distributary to irrigate Rabi area
= area to be irrigated in Rabi season = 2400 ha = 1.20 cumec
avg. duty at the head of the distrbtry for Rabi 2000 ha/cumec

Water required at the head of the distributary to irrigate Kharif area

= area to be irrigated in Kharif season = 1200 ha = 1.33 cumec
avg. duty at the head of the distrbtry for Kharif 900 ha/cumec

The distributary should be designed for 1.33 cumec (the max of the two)

KHURAM SALEEM 4
Question
Determine the discharge required at the head of the distributary for fulfilling
maximum crop requirement.
Solution:
Lets assume kor period of 4 weeks for Rabi (wheat) and 2.5 weeks for Kharif crop
(rice). Assume kor depths to be 13.5 cm (Rabi) and 19 cm (Kharif).
Outlet factor for Rabi = 864 B/∆ = 864 x (4 x 7) = 1792 ha/cumec
13.5
Outlet factor for Kharif = 864 B/∆ = 864 x (2.5 x 7) = 796 ha/cumec
19

KHURAM SALEEM 5
Area to be irrigated in Rabi season = 2400 ha (from previous example)
Area to be irrigated in Kharif season = 1200 ha (from previous example)
Water required at the head of the distibutary (to irrigate Rabi area) = 2400 ha
1792 ha/cumec
= 1.34 cumec
Water required at the head of the distibutary (to irrigate Kharif area) = 1200 ha
796 ha/cumec
= 1.51 cumec
Pick the maximum value of 1.51 cumec

KHURAM SALEEM 6
Question
The cultivable command area of a water course is 1200 ha. Intensities of
sugarcane and wheat crops are 20% and 40%. The duties for the crops at the
head of the water courses is 730 ha/cumec (sugarcane) and 1800 ha/cumec
(wheat). (a) find discharge required at the head of the water course (b)
determine design discharge at the outlet, assuming a time factor equal to 0.8.
Solution:
CCA = 1200 ha
Intensity of irrigation (sugarcane) = 20%
Area to be irrigated under sugarcane = 20% (1200) = 240 ha

KHURAM SALEEM 7
Intensity of irrigation (wheat) = 40%
Area to be irrigated under wheat = 40% (1200) = 480 ha
Duty for sugarcane = 730 ha/cumec
Duty for wheat = 1800 ha/cumec
Discharge required for sugarcane = 240 ha = 0.329 cumec
730 ha/cumec
Discharge required for wheat = 480 ha = 0.271 cumec
1800 ha/cumec

KHURAM SALEEM 8
Sugarcane is a perennial (12 months) and wheat is a Rabi crop (6 months)
Water requirement at the head of the water course = 0.329 + 0.271 = 0.6 cumec
Water required for Rabi = 0.6 cumec and 0.329 for the rest of the year (only
Sugar cane)
Now as time factor = 0.8
So design discharge at the outlet = 0.6 cumec = 0.75 cumec
0.8

KHURAM SALEEM 9
Question
The culturable command area for a distributary is 15000 ha. The intensity of irrigation
for Rabi (wheat) is 40% and for Kharif (rice) is 15%. If the total water requirements of
the two crops are 37.5 cm and 120 cm and their growth period is 120 days and 140
days (a) find the outlet discharge from average demand considerations (b) also find
the peak demand discharge assuming kor water depths for the two crops 13.5 cm
and 19 cm. And their kor periods to be 4 weeks and 2 weeks?
Solution:
CCA = 1500 ha
I.I for wheat (Rabi) = 40%
I.I for rice (Kharif) = 15%

KHURAM SALEEM 10
Wheat (Rabi) area = 1500 x 0.40 = 6000 ha
Rice (Kharif) area = 1500 x 0.15 = 2250 ha
∆ for wheat = 37.5 cm
∆ for rice = 120 cm
B for wheat = 160 days
B for rice = 140 days
For wheat:
D = 864 B = 864 x 160 = 3686 ha/cumec
∆ 37.5

KHURAM SALEEM 11
For rice:
D = 864 B = 864 x 140 = 1008 ha/cumec
∆ 120
Outlet discharge required for wheat = Area = 6000 = 1.63 cumec
Duty 3686
Outlet discharge required for rice = Area = 2250 = 2.23 cumec
Duty 1008
Pick the max value

KHURAM SALEEM 12
Part b
Kor water depth for wheat = 13.5 cm
Kor period for wheat = 4 weeks = 4 x 7 = 28 days
Kor water depth for rice = 19 cm
Kor period for rice = 2 weeks = 2 x 7 = 14 days
Duty for wheat (for kor demand) = 864 x B = 864 x 28 = 1792 ha/cumec
∆ 13.5
Duty for rice (for kor demand) = 864 x B = 864 x 14 = 636 ha/cumec
∆ 19

KHURAM SALEEM 13
Outlet discharge required for wheat (for kor demand) = 6000 ha
1792 ha/cumec
= 3.35 cumec
Outlet discharge required for rice (for kor demand) = 2250 ha
636 ha/cumec
= 3.54 cumec

Pick the max value

KHURAM SALEEM 14
Question
Pump is installed on a well to lift water and to irrigate rice crop sown over 3 ha of
land. If duty for rice is 864 ha/cumec on the field and pump efficiency is 48%.
Find the minimum required input (h.p) of the pump, if the lowest well water level
is 8 m below the highest portion of the field.
Solution:
Area to be irrigated = 3 ha
Duty of water for rice = 864 ha/cumec
Discharge required for rice = 3 ha = 0.0034 cumec
864 ha/cumec

KHURAM SALEEM 15
Volume of water lifted in 1 sec = 0.0034 cumec
Weight of water lifted in 1 sec = 0.0034 m³ x 9.81 kN = 0.034 kN/sec
sec m³
(we know sp wt of water = 9.81 kN/m³ )
Min static lift of pump is = 8 m
Work done by pump in lifting this water = 0.034 kN/sec x 8 m = 0.272 kN-m/sec
= 0.272 k watt

KHURAM SALEEM 16
 (we know 1 metric h.p = 0.735 k watt )
Out put (h.p) = 0.272 = 0.37 hp
0.735
If ƞ = 0.50

then input of pump = out put = 0.37 = 0.77 hp

ƞ 0.48

KHURAM SALEEM 17
The end

KHURAM SALEEM 18