Sanitation: Nicolle Zharizze Ebale Taboclaon, RMT

SANITATION
NICOLLE ZHARIZZE EBALE TABOCLAON,

RMT
Safe management of human excreta is vital for public
health and is widely recognized as a human right.
 While access to a hygienic toilet facility is essential
for reducing the transmission of pathogens, it is
equally important to ensure safe disposal of the
excreta produced
What kind of toilet facility do members of
your household usually use?
Flush / pour flush Flush to piped sewer system
 Flush to pit latrine
 Flush to open drain
 Flush to don’t know where
Dry pit latrines Pit latrine with slab.
 Pit latrine without slab / Open pit
Composting toilets Twin pit with slab
 Other composting toilet
Bucket
 Hanging toilet / hanging latrine
No facility / Bush / Field
Others (specify)
Definitions of improved
sanitation facilities:
• Flush/pour-flush toilet: a flush • Flush to piped sewer system: is a
toilet has a cistern or holding tank to toilet that flushes excreta to a system
store water for flushing and has a of sewer pipes, also called sewerage,
water seal (which is a U-shaped pipe which is designed to collect human
below the seat or squatting pan) to excreta (faeces and urine) and
prevent the passage of flies and wastewater and remove them from the
odours. A pour-flush toilet also has a household environment.
water seal but has no cistern and
water is poured by hand for flushing.
• Flush to septic tank: is a toilet
that flushes excreta to a water-
tight container, normally buried
underground away from the
dwelling, designed to separate
liquids from solids which are
then allowed to settle and
decompose.
• Flush to pit latrine: is a toilet

that flushes excreta to a covered
pit which retains solids. The
base and sides of latrine pits
may be permeable to allow
liquids to percolate into the
soil.
• Pit latrine with slab: is a dry • Container based sanitation: refers to
sanitation system that collects excreta a system where toilets collect excreta
in a pit in the ground. The pit is directly in sealable, removable
covered by a squatting ‘slab’ or containers (also called cartridges)
platform that is constructed from which are regularly collected by
materials that are durable and easy to commercial service providers and
clean. The ‘slab’ has a small drop delivered to treatment.
hole, or is fitted with a seat, allowing
excreta to be deposited directly into
the pit.
• Composting toilet: is a dry toilet into which carbon-rich material
(vegetable wastes, straw, grass, sawdust, ash) is added to the
excreta and special conditions maintained to produce inoffensive
compost. A composting latrine may or may not have a urine
separation device.
Definitions of unimproved sanitation facilities:
• Flush/pour flush to don’t know where: indicates that the

household uses an improved sanitation facility, but does
not know whether it flushes to a sewer, septic tank or pit
latrine.
• Flush/pour flush to open drain: refers to households using
toilets that discharge into uncovered drains which do not
effectively contain excreta thereby exposing the community
to faecal pathogens.
• Pit latrine without slab/open pit: is a dry sanitation system
that uses a pit in the ground for excreta collection and does
not have a squatting slab, platform or seat. An open pit is a
rudimentary hole in the ground where excreta is collected.
• Bucket: refers to the use of a bucket or other container
for the retention of faeces (and sometimes urine and
anal cleaning material), which are periodically removed
for treatment, disposal, or use as fertilizer.
• Hanging toilet/hanging latrine: is a toilet built over the
sea, a river, or other body of water, into which excreta
drops directly.
• No facility/bush/field: includes defecation in the bush or field or
ditch; excreta deposited on the ground and covered with a layer of
earth (cat method); excreta wrapped and thrown into garbage; and
defecation into surface water (drainage channel, beach, river, stream
or sea).
Do you share this facility with others who
are not members of your household?
Where is this toilet facility located?
Has your (pit latrine or septic tank) ever
been emptied?
The last time it was emptied, where were
the contents emptied to?
Was it removed by a service provider?

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SANITATION

NICOLLE ZHARIZZE EBALE TABOCLAON,

• Flush to pit latrine: is a toilet

• Flush/pour flush to don’t know where: indicates that the

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