Electrical Design For Residential With Application of Philippine Electrical Code

Electrical Design for Residential with Application of Philippine
Electrical Code
Prepared by:
Engr. Joselito S. Orticio
The Abstract of Presentation:
Introduction:
– This lecture will provides the participants knowledge to
understand and apply the basic requirements in electrical
system design, particularly of the design information,
installation, and cost estimation of residential dwelling with
the applications of the provisions of the Philippine Electrical
Code (P.E.C.) and other relevant laws and standards.
Objectives:
- Discuss the basic theories and concept of electrical engineering.
- To discuss the importance of the Philippine Electrical Code and its
application, a
requirements on electrical installation.
- To discuss standard on electrical lighting and power layouts.
- To teach participants do proper computations of electrical loads in
accordance with PEC.
- To provide the participants knowledge on the proper use of tables
and standards for the
correct sizing of wires and over-current protections.
Topic Outline:
I. Introduction: Factors to be considered in making
electrical design for residential.
ll. Basic Ohm’s Law and their applications for the
correct sizing of conductors and the
over-current protections.
lll. Content of standard electrical plan.
IV. Computations of loads and schedule of loads.
V. Quantity take-off and cost estimate
Vl. Standards and specifications, its importance.
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
Electricity define.
– Electricity is an invisible force which is known about the effects that is produced.
– It is a flow of electrons along conductive medium or conductor.
– Atmospheric effect- ex. Lightning (collisions of billion of electrons in the atmosphere)
– Physiological effect- ex. Static
– Chemical effect- ex. Battery*it converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
– Heat effect- ex. heaters, electric stove, electric range- *it converts electrical energy into heat energy.
– Light effect- ex. Fluorescent light, incandescent lamp- * it converts electrical energy into light energy.
– Sound effect- ex. Radio, television, mobile phone- * it converts electrical energy into sound energy
– Mechanical- ex. Motor, generator- *it converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and vice versa,
mechanical energy into electrical energy, respectively. Etc.
ENGINEERING
Elements of Electricty
– Current (I) – flow of electrons along the conductor. Unit: Ampere
– Alternating current(AC)- it is a continuous flow of electrons, it reverses in both directions. The current
passing through a resistance of given ohmic value, produces heat at the same rate as a dc current.
– Direct current(DC)- it is a flow of electrons in one direction.
– Voltage – is an electrical pressure which causes the current to flow. Unit: Volt
– Resistance- a non-conductive material with the ability to limit or regulate the flow of current. Usually
insulators of high resistance, i.e., rubber, mica, glass, plastic, paper, oil, porcelain, etc. These materials
has high dielectric strength to regulate the flow of current in a conductive materials. Unit: Ohm
ENGINEERING
– Impedance (Z) – Opposition to the flow of current in AC circuit.

– Reactance (X)) -
– Inductive Reactance XL - opposition offered by an inductor in an AC circuit to current flow. Opposition to
the change in current in AC circuit.
– Capacitive Reactance XC – opposition a capacitor offers to applied AC voltage. Opposition to the change in
voltage in AC circuit.
– Resistor – an element used to limit or regulate the flow of current.
a) Fix
b) Variable: 1) Rheostat 2) Potentiometer
– Capacitor – a device used to stored electrical energy.
– Inductor – a device designed to have specific inductance
ENGINEERING
ENGINEERING
THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL
CODE (P.E.C.)
– The PEC aims to provide rules and norms so that conformance of
which will result to prevention and avoidance of electrically started
fires through safe system design and workmanship installations that
will endure for years.
– Electrical safety standards are set of rules to prevent electrical-
related fires and electric shock hazards.
THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL
CODE (P.E.C.)
– Unsafe situations occur indoor and outdoors and mostly in old
buildings due to electrical systems that has deteriorated with age, use
and overloading.
– The Philippine Electrical Code involve performance, quality and
safety. Standards and Codes are established to provide a set of
guidelines relative to the design, testing, manufacture, installation
and use of all types of electrical devices and equipment.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL IN
ACCORDANCE WITH PEC AND WITH SIMPLIFIED SHORT
CIRCUIT AND VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS.
GUIDELINES IN MAKING ELECTRICAL DESIGN.

– 1. Safety – the safe wiring and assurance of reliability.
– 2. Flexibility – layout and type of equipment should accommodate changes and
location.
– 3. Accessibility – design of the system must provide ease of access to equipment for
maintenance and repair, for any possible extension, modification, and alternation.
– 4. Capacity – the system should have sufficient capacity to meet present and future
anticipated load. Requirement for service entrance to handle total load.
– 5. Reliability – wiring system are correct.
Two Important Factors to be considered in Design
A) Safety
B) Economy
Standard Design and Connection Layout of Panel

Board
– No more than 42 branch circuit may originated from a single panel board
– No more than branch circuit should run more than 100 feet to the first outlet
– Panel board should be placed as near as possible to the center of the load
– Panel board should be readily accessible
– Every panel board should conform to the routing of the feeder
Standard Design and Connection Layout of Panel Board

– At least one panel board be provided for lighting and power for every active floor of the building
– Panel should be readily accessible
– Panel Board should be placed where the load is concentrated ( Load Center)
– Receptacle layout should be placed evenly the perimeter
– For living rooms, bedrooms and other living areas- spacing should not be more than 1800mm or
1.8 meter
– Hallways not more than 6 meters of wall length
– Kitchen or workshop – one for every 1.2 meter
PRE-DESIGN FACTOR
1.Nature: small, large, multi-storey, apartment, etc.
2. Equipment Selection – economical, sufficient,

readily available
Importance of Electrical Lay-out

– Examine the building plan
– Examine the dimension or measurement indicated
– Examine the location of entry capacity of electrical homerun
– Indicate riser diagram
– Indicate computation of loads
Continuation...
Importance of Electrical Lay-out
– Indicate schedule of loads
– Indicate the legend of electrical symbol
– Indicate vicinity map, and
– Indicate Lighting and power layout, and
– Make your electrical design ligibly.
Type of Branch Circuit for General Wiring

>General purpose – Lighting outlet
>Appliances – small or portable appliances
>Individual- heavy of fixed appliances
Circuit Loading and Size of Wire

–15A and 20 ampere Branch Circuit – Lighting and small appliances
–15AT – for Lightings - 2.0 mm2 THWN
– 20AT for special purpose lightings – 3.5mm2 THWN
– 20AT - Portable or small appliances – 3.5mm2 THWN
– 30AT ampere Branch Circuit – for Fixed appliance
( Air Condition Unit- ACU)
– 40AT- Special Purpose Outlet or Heavy Duty Appliance - 8.0mm2 THWH
( Electric range, Water heater(large tank)
Specification or Type of Insulation for Conductor

>TW – Thermoplastic Moisture Resistance – 60 oC
Application: for wet location
>THW – Thermoplastic Heat and Moisture Resistance – 75 oC
Application: for wet and hot location, ex: Service entrance
>THWN – Thermoplastic Heat and Moisture Nylon Jacketed – 75 oC
Application: For wet and hot location, ex: curing chamber, service entrance
>THHN – Thermoplastic High Heat– 90 oC
Application : for location where the temperature is very high/hot.
Note: for every additional “H” is equivalent to +15oC
Example: TW = 60oC
For THW= 60oC + 15oC
= 75OC

Reminder:

A good design practice dictates 3.5 mm2 as a minimum size of
wire protected at either 15AT or 20AT over-current
protection.

DESIGN PROPER
GENERAL CONTENTS REQUIREMENTS

– Location and sites plans
– Legend or symbols
– General notes and Specifications
– Electrical Lighting and Power Layout
– Schedule of Loads
– Riser Diagram
– Design analysis and Calculation
– One Line Diagram and panel details
– Title block requirements
DESIGN PROPER
SCHEDULE OF LOADS REQUIREMENTS

– Circuit designation number
– Quantity of lights, switches, convenience outlets
– Protection Device, Rating and type
– kVA, Hp, wattage, ampere, and voltage rating
– Type and size of branch circuit, grounding conductor, and conduit
– Load Computation
– Size of feeder and grounding conductors
– Main protective device rating
DESIGN PROPER
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION REQUIREMENTS

– Total floor area ( for each occupancy)
– Less than 50 sq.M
– General Lighting Loads
– Dwelling Unit
– Lighting and Power
– Small appliance load
– Application of demand load
DESIGN PROPER
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION REQUIREMENTS

– Other loads including demand load
– Total computed volt-amperes
– Total computed current
– Size of service entrance conductors
– Service Equipment rating
– Voltage Drop Calculation
– Short Circuit Calculation.
DESIGN PROPER
DESIGN PROPER
DESIGN PROPER
Application of Demand Factor (PEC Table 2.20.3.3):

First 3 000 volt-ampere @100% Demand Factor = 3 000 VA
Remainder @35% D.F. ( 8 100 x 0.35) = 2 835 VA

Other Loads/ Fixed Load:

Two units - A.C.U. (1HP ); FLA = 8.0 A.
2 x 8.0A x 230 V >>>>>>>>>>>>>> = 3 680 VA
One unit - A.C.U. (1.5HP); FLA = 10.0 A.
1 x 10.0 A. x 230 >>>>>>>>>>>>>> = 2 300 VA
One unit - A.C.U.( 2HP); FLA = 12.0 A.
1 x 12.0 A x 230 >>>>>>>>>>>>>> = 2 760 VA
One unit - Electric Range (8kW) @ 80% D.F. >> = 6 400 VA

One Unit - Motor Pump (1.0 HP); FLA = 8.0 A.
1 x 8.0 A x 230 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> = 1 840 VA
============
Total Net Computed Load = 22 815 VA
DESIGN PROPER
For Service Entrance Conductor:

[ 22 815 VA + 25%(2760VA) ÷230V. = 102.2 amperes

Use : 30mm2 THWN in 32 mmø Rigid PVC Conduit.

For Service Equipment:

[22 815 VA + 250%( 2760 VA) ÷ 230 V. = 129.2 amperes

Use: 150AT, 2p, 230V, 20KAIC, Bolt-on,
Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB).

THANK YOU. I HOPE YOU ENJOY THE
WEBINAR.
GOD BLESS US. GOD BLESS THE PSPE
FAMILY.
MABUHAY!!!
PRESENTER
ENGR. JOSELITO S. ORTICO

Electrical Design For Residential With Application of Philippine Electrical Code

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What are the objectives of the lecture?

What are the objectives of the lecture?

What topics will be discussed in the lecture?

What topics will be discussed in the lecture?

Electrical Design for Residential with Application of Philippine

– Impedance (Z) – Opposition to the flow of current in AC circuit.

GUIDELINES IN MAKING ELECTRICAL DESIGN.

Two Important Factors to be considered in Design

Standard Design and Connection Layout of Panel

Standard Design and Connection Layout of Panel Board

1.Nature: small, large, multi-storey, apartment, etc.

2. Equipment Selection – economical, sufficient,

Importance of Electrical Lay-out

Type of Branch Circuit for General Wiring

Circuit Loading and Size of Wire

Specification or Type of Insulation for Conductor

GENERAL CONTENTS REQUIREMENTS

SCHEDULE OF LOADS REQUIREMENTS

DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION REQUIREMENTS

DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION REQUIREMENTS

For Service Entrance Conductor:

ENGR. JOSELITO S. ORTICO

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