PHARMACEUTICAL CREAMS

ANUPRIYA SINGH
B.PHARM(Ay)-4th
th YEAR

BANARASA HINDU UNIVERSITY 1

context-
 What is cream.
 Anatomy of skin.
 Types of cream.
 Components of cream.
 Manufacturing of cream.
 Uses of cream.

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•WHAT IS CREAM????
Cream consist of medicament dissolved or suspended
in water removable or emollient bases, classified as
water-in-oil or oil-in-water and intended for
application on the skin or accesible mucous
membrane to provide localized and sometimes
systemic effects at the site of application.

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ANATOMY OF SKIN

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TYPES OF CREAM.
On the basis of phase-

 OIL- IN-WATER ( O/W)-

As- Fluocinolone acetonide cream

• WATER-IN-OIL (W/O)-
As- cold cream

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CLEANISING CREAMS-
Keeping the body clean is the most important and
primitive need to on account of personal hygiene and
beautification which leads to the need of cosmetics.
USES-
Cleanishing cream is required for removal of facial
make up, surface grime,oil.
DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF CLEANISING CREAM-
It should be shoften on application to the skin.
It should spread easily without draging.

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TYPES OF CLEANISING CREAM-
White ,emuslsified cold cream (Bee wax-borax type)-
These are white, of high lusture,and free from
graininess.
These are o/w type of emulsion.
The cream have firm consistency.
They liquefy on application to the skin and spread
with ease.

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 Liquefying cleansing creams-
.
These are translucent liquefying anhydrous type of
cleanising cream.
They have a mixture of oil and waxes and have such
consistency that they liquefy when gently massaged on
the skin.

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VANISHING AND FOUNDATION
CREAMS
Vanishing creams- Creams which spread easily and
seem to disappear rapidly when rubbed are termed as
vanishing cream.
The basic ingredients are - 65%-75% water ,15%-20%
stearic acid ,8-12% glycerol, 0.5-15% alkali
(KOH),preservative and perfume.
Foundation creams-
Creams which provide base makeup to hold the
powder or other make up above it.

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NIGHT AND MASSAGE CREAMS-
Creams which are generally applied on skin and left
for few and several hours mostly overnight, known as
night cream.
Creams which act by providing emollient action by
rubbing ,called as massage cream.

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HAND AND BODY
CREAMS-
Hand and other body parts skin may be exposed to
water, water soap, detergents causes removal of lipids
and others secretions from the skin.
Skin dry, scaly , infections due to microbes can leads
to dermatitis, so to control all these hand body creams
are applied.

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.
Main function of hand and body creams are-

Provide an oily film to protect the skin.

Keep the skin smooth but not greasy.
Easy to apply.

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ALL PURPOSE CREAMS-
They act nourishing or night cream when applied
excessively, they function as hand creams when
applied sparingly, thus they are called All purpose
cream.
These were also known as sports cream, as they were
used by sportsman in skiing and outdoor activities.

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THE COMPOSITION OF THESE
CREAM IS SUCH THAT IT CAN
ACT-
As a foundation cream to provide a foundation base for
make up.
As a Cleanishing cream and liquefy easily.
As a hand cream and should have emollient characters.
As a protective cream and should form a non occlusive
film.
As a cream to smooth the rough surface of the skin.
So, therefore called All purpose cream.

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CLASSIFICATION OF CREAM ON THE
BASIS OF FUNCTION-
 Cleansing and cold cream.
Foundation and vanishing cream.
Night and massage cream.
Head and body cream.
All purpose and general cream.

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FORMULATIONS COMPONANTS-
ANTIOXIDANT- ex.-TBHT, Ascorbic acid.
BASE- ex. White petrolium, Lanolin, cholesterol.
BUFFER- ex. Citrate buffer ,phosphate buffer.
CHELATING AGENTS- ex. EDTA , Citric acid.
EMULSIFYING AGENT- ex. Detergent ,Cetostearyl
alchohol.
HUMECTANT- ex. Glycerin,propylene glycol, PEG.

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.

PERMEATION ENHANCER- ex. Ethanol , oleic acid,

PEG
PRESERVATIVE – ex. Benzoic acid,phenyl ethyl
alchol.
THICKENING AGENT- ex. Cellolose, pectin
,carbopol.
FRAGRANCES- ex. Lavender oil,rose oil, lemon oil.

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CLASSIFICATION OF BASE-
Hydrocarbon base.
Absorption base.
Emulsion base.
Water soluble base.
Water removable base.

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MANUFACTURING PROCESS-

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TRITURATION METHOD-
TRITURATION METHOD :
Used for finely divided insoluble powder particles or
liquids.
Insoluble powders are added by geometric dilution.
Liquids are added by making well in centre.
Air pocket formation avoided.
Mortar and pestle used when we have large quantities.
Involved use of glass slab when small quantities are
used.

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LEVIGATION-
Incorporation of insoluble coarse particles.
Insoluble coarse powder is rubbed with molten base or
liquid or semisolid base.
Also knows as Wet grinding.

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FUSION METHOD-
• The fusion method is followed when the drugs and
other solid are soluble in the ointment bases.
• The base is liquefied and the soluble components are
dissolved in the molten base.
The congeal mixture is then speculated or triturated
to obtain a smooth texture.
Care is taken to avoid thermal degradation of the base
or other components during the fusion process.

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MECHANICAL ADDITION-
Water- removable creams are basically hydrophilic
type emulsions.
A hydrophilic emulsifying agent is included in the
aqueous phase in order to obtain stable oil-in-water
dispersion.
Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in the preparation of
hydrophilic ointment.

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 MACHINES-
A wide range of machines are available are for the
large scale production of creams.
Creams are produced with the help of low-shear and
high emulsifiers.

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Ayurvedic fairness cream-
 FAIRNESS CREAM-

 KEY INGREDIENTS
Persian rose.
Walnut.
Aloe vera.
Mandarin orange.

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USES OF CREAMS:
• Cleanising creams is a facial care product that is use to
remove dead skin cells ,oil , dirt, and other types of
pollutants from the skin of the face.
• Vanishing creams are used in hot climates which cause
perspiration on the face.

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 The provision of a barrier to protect the skin.
.

To aid in the retention of moisture (especially water –

in –oil ).
Creams can be used for administering drugs via the
vaginal route (e.g. Triple sulfa vaginal creams ).
Creams are used to help sun burn.
Emollient effects.

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NOVEL ADVANCES AND
RECENT DEVELOPMENT
CREAMS CONTAINING MICROSPHERES:
Albumin microsphere containing vitamin A can be
administered by using creams 222 +_25 micrometer
size of microsphere of vitamin A were produced by
emulsion method.

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 LAMELLAR FACED CREAMS:
.
They are liquid parafin in water emulsion prepared
from certified/fatty alcohol.
CREAMS CONTAINING LIPID NANOPARTICLES:
The develpoment of a water-in oil cream containing
small particles of solid paraffin was studied.

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