Welcome: Grade 11 - Mother of The Church

WELCOME
Grade 11 – Mother of the Church

REVIEW

Find

the values of the ff.:

= 3 ⦁ 3 ⦁ 3 ⦁ 3 = 81
0.5 ⦁ 0.5 ⦁ 0.5 ⦁ 0.5 = 0.0625
1. () 3 () 3= =
2. () -3
() = = = = 8
-3
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the discussion, the Grade 11 – Mother of the Church
students will be able to:
 identify and describe what is an exponential function;
 know how to graph exponential functions;
 determine what is a natural exponential function;
 solve exponential equations and inequalities; and
 solve problems involving exponential functions
DEFINITION

An EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION is a function in which the
variable is in the EXPONENT. If x and b are real numbers
such that b > 0 and b ≠ 1, then it can be represented through:
where b = base
x = exponent
f(x) = function
TRY THIS!

Identify which of the ff. are 4.
exponential functions. 5.
1. 6.
2. 7.
3.
CONCEPT

Graph the following exponential functions:
2.
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝟐 x
-3
f(x) or y
 -2
Solution/s: -2
-1
-1
= =
0
0
1
1
(x) = = -2 2
2
= = 3
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝟐

x
-3
f(x) or y
Solution/s: -2
-2
= = -1
-1
0
0 1
1
(x) = = 0 1 2
=1 1 2
2
2
3
(x) = = 1 3
=2
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝟐 x
-3
f(x) or y

-2
-2
Solution/s:
(x) = = 2 -1
-1
=4
0
0 1
1
(x) = = 3 1
1
2
2
=8 2 4
2 4
3 8
3 8

𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝟐
x f(x) or y
-3
-2
-2
-1
-1
0
0 1
1
1 2
1 2
2 4
2 4
3 8
3 8
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2
= =8 -1
0
1
2
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
= =4 -1
0
1
2
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
= =2 -1 2
0
1
2
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
= =1 -1 2
0 1
1
2
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
-1 2
0 1
1
2
2
3
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
-1 2
0 1
1
2
2
3
3
𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 / 𝟐 ) x
-3
f(x) or y
8

Solution/s: -2 4
-1 2
0 1
1
2
2
3
3
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= (𝟏 /
x f(x) or y
-3 8
-2 4
-1 2
0 1
1
3
OBSERVATIONS
 The exponential function is a one-to-one function.
 The domain consists of all real numbers.
 The range consists of all positive real numbers.
 The function is increasing when b > 1.
 The function is decreasing when 0 < b < 1.
 The curve is asymptotic to the horizontal x-axis.
NATURAL f(x)

A NATURAL FUNCTION is an exponential function in which
the base is NOT represented by b, but with e. This function is
used in advanced mathematics, particularly in Calculus. The
letter, e, represents an APPROXIMATE value of 2.718. A
natural function is usually expressed through:
or
SEATWORK

Prepare a table of values for the following functions. Graph and
sketch their graphs. Give the domain and range of each
function.
2.
SOLVING
EXPONENTIAL
EQUATIONS
DEFINITION

An EXPONENTIAL EQUATION is an equation in which a
variable occurs in an exponent. To solve exponential equations,
we use the law of exponents. We also use this property that if x
and y are real numbers and if
, then x = y.
SOLVING

Example 1: Solve the equation:
Rewrite each side of the equation as an
expression having the same base.
2 = x -2
2+2=x Use law of exponents.
4=x
SOLVING

Rewrite each side of the equation as an

expression having the same base.
2x = 4
= Use law of exponents.
x=2
SOLVING


-x – 2 = -4x
-2 = -4x + x =x
-2 = -3x
SEATWORK

Solve the following exponential equations.
= 32
2. =
3.
SOLVING
EXPONENTIAL
INEQUALITIES
DEFINITION

An EXPONENTIAL INEQUALITY is an inequality in which a
variable occurs in an exponent. To solve an exponential
inequality, we use the following properties:
SOLVING

EXAMPLE 1:
Solve .
Since b = 3 > 1, implies x > 2x – 3.
x > 2x – 3
x – 2x > - 3
x > - 3
x>3
SOLVING

EXAMPLE 2:
Solve .
Since b = 2 > 1, implies 6x - 3 4x.

6x – 3 4x
6x – 4x 3
2x 3
x
APPLICATIONS OF
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
STEPS TO DO
To solve problems involving exponential functions, follow these
steps:
1. Identify the given information or quantities.
2. Determine the equation that describes the situation.
3. Substitute the given quantities in the equation.
4. Solve the unknown quantity.
EXAMPLE 1

The population of a city is where t a.
is measured in months.
a. What is the initial population of
the city?
b. What is the population of the
city after 50 months?
EXAMPLE 1

The population of a city is where t b.
is measured in months.
a. What is the initial population of
the city?
b. What is the population of the
city after 50 months?
EXAMPLE 2

A radioactive substance in such a way
a.
that the amount of mass remaining
after t days is given by the function:
where m(t) is measured in kilograms.
a. What is the initial mass?
b. How much mass remains after 45
kilograms
days?
EXAMPLE 2

A radioactive substance in such a way
b.
that the amount of mass remaining
after t days is given by the function:
where m(t) is measured in kilograms.
a. What is the initial mass?
b. How much mass remains after 45
days?
= 8.14 kg
EXAMPLE 3
Suppose that the population of
GIVEN:
rabbits increases by 1.5 times a
Initial population = 100
month. When the initial population
Rate of growth = 1.5
is 100, what is the approximate
x = number of years
integer population after 2 years?
P(x) = population of rabbits
EXAMPLE 3
GIVEN:
FUNCTION:
Initial population = 100
where x = 2
Rate of growth = 1.5
x = number of years
P(x) = population of rabbits
SEATWORK

Solve the following problems.
1. A bacterial culture is growing according to the formula P where
x is the time in days. What is the number of bacteria after 1
week?
2. Harry’s acne pimples exponentially grow 2 times a week.
Initially, he had 3 on the forehead. What is the approximate
integer population of pimple acne after 5 weeks?
THANK YOU! WE HOPE
YOU’VE LEARNED
SOMETHING NEW
TODAY!

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WELCOME

Grade 11 – Mother of the Church

Rewrite each side of the equation as an

Since b = 2 > 1, implies 6x - 3 4x.

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