Values

 
Values standards to which a group of society
judges the desirability and importance of
persons, ideas actions or objects. Values are
shared conceptions or convictions, or beliefs in
what are considered desirable or undesirable.
They give meaning and significance to the totality
of society, and culture evolves a system of what
is desirable and undesirable. This in turn, guides
the way men view themselves and the world.
Values make things desirable. Satisfying and
worthy of approval; they define what are
important to people.
Values can be defined as broad preference
concerning appropriate courses of action or
outcomes. Values reflect a person's sense of
right and wrong or what "ought" to be. "Equal
rights for all", "Excellence deserves admiration",
and "People should be treated with respect and
dignity" are representative of values. Values
tend to influence attitudes and behavior.
Values are those ideas and concepts within each
of us that we deem important. Values, help
determine our behaviours as we live our lives and
assist our decision making. They help us decide
right from wrong, and help define who we are and
what we stand for.
Values originate from our families, traditions, religion,
elders and friends. They are formed early in life, and
are reinforced by our life experiences. Once
established values are very hard to change.

Individual values are important to each of us but we

also have values for other parts of our lives. Our
religion and our social groups or organizations have
values. Families haves values that may be somewhat
different from our own individual values, but are
usually very similar. Your children will learn from you
but they may add their own ideas or interpretation and
alter their own individual values from yours. Generally
their values will remain consistent with family values.
 Personal Values

According to Morris Massey, values form during

three significant periods:
 
• imprint period - from birth to 7 years
• modelling period - from 8 to 13 years
• socialization period - from 13 to 21 years
Values, values provide an internal reference for
what is good, beneficial, important, useful,
beautiful, desirable, constructive, etc. Values
generate behaviour and help solve common
human problems for survival by comparative
rankings of value, the results of which provide
answers to questions of why people do what
they do and in what order they choose to do
them.
Over time the public expression of personal values that
groups of people find important in their day-to-day
lives, lay the foundations of law, custom and tradition.
Recent research has thereby stressed the implicit
nature of value communication. Personal values exist
in relation to cultural values, either in agreement with
or divergence from prevailing norms. A culture is a
social system that shares a set of common values, in
which such values permit social expectations and
collective understandings of the good, beautiful,
constructive, etc. Without normative personal values,
there would be no cultural reference against which to
measure the virtue of individual values and so culture
identity would disintegrate.
Wyatt Woodsmall points out that "'Criteria' are
used to refer to 'the standards on which an
evaluation is based'." Values relate then to what
one wants and in what order one wants them;
criteria can only refer to the evidences for
achieving values and act as a comparative
standard that one applies in order to evaluate
whether goals have been met / values satisfied.
 Cultural Values
The Inglehart-Welzel Cultural Map of the World,
constructed by sociopolitical scientists Ronald
Inglehart and Christian Welzel based on the 
World Values Survey. Individual cultures emphasize
values which their members broadly share. One can
often identify the values of a society by noting which
people receive honor or respect. In the 
United States of America, for example, professional
athletes at the top levels in some sports receive more
honor (measured in terms of monetary payment) than
university professors. Surveys show that voters in the
United States would not willingly elect an atheist as
president, suggesting belief in a God as a generally
shared value there.
Values clarification differs from cognitive 
moral education:

Value clarification consists of "helping people

clarify what their lives are for and what is worth
working for. It encourages students to define
their own values and to understand others'
values." Cognitive moral education builds on the
belief that students should learn to value things
like democracy and justice as their moral
reasoning develops.
Educationist Chaveen Dissanayake says that personal and
cultural values can vary according to the living standards of a
person.Values relate to the norms of a culture, but they are
more global and abstract than norms. Norms provide rules for
behavior in specific situations, while values identify what
should be judged as good or evil. While norms are standards,
patterns, rules and guides of expected behavior, values are
abstract concepts of what is important and worthwhile. Flying
the national flag on a holiday is a norm, but it reflects the
value of patriotism. Wearing dark clothing and appearing
solemn are normative behaviors to manifest respect at a
funeral. Different cultures reflect values differently and to
different levels of emphasis. "Over the last three decades,
traditional-age college students have shown an increased
interest in personal well-being and a decreased interest in the
welfare of others." Values seemed to have changed, affecting
the beliefs, and attitudes of the students
Members take part in a culture even if each member's
personal values do not entirely agree with some of the
normative values sanctioned in that culture. This
reflects an individual's ability to synthesize and extract
aspects valuable to them from the multiple subcultures
 they belong to.

If a group member expresses a value that seriously

conflicts with the group's norms, the group's authority
may carry out various ways of encouraging conformity
 or stigmatizingthe non-conforming behavior of that
member. For example, imprisonment can result from
conflict with social norms that the state has established
as law.
Furthermore, institutions in the global economy can
genuinely respect values which are of three kinds
based on a "triangle of coherence". In the first
instance, a value may come to expression within the
World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as (in the
second instance) within the United Nations -
particularly in the Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) - providing a framework for
global legitimacy through accountability. In the third
instance, the expertise of member-driven international
organizations and civil society depends on the
incorporation of flexibility in the rules, to preserve the
expression of identity in a globalized world.
 Roots of the Filipino Character
1. The Malay
The roots of the Filipinos are Malays, Chinese &
Indians. The Malay temper is the main
component of Filipino Culture. To understand the
Malay is to understand the Filipino. He himself is
a hybrid of the Indian, Persian, Arab, Thailand &
mainly Chinese. Readiness to adjust to new
situations & desire to be above all nice are the
two strongest strains in the Malay Character. He
has always been willing to accept any new
concept or a new master & reconcile it to his old
customs and line with it happily
 The Malay respect for “niceness” is remarkable in his endeavor to avoid
not so much sin or crime as impropriety. Though his Catholicism or
devotion to the Koran inspires him to be virtous, what matters to him is to
be nice, agreeable and pleasant for him, frankness is a breach of
courtesy; punctuality, a sign of coarseness. He is a natural conformist,
with the typical Malay personality & mercurial improvisation.

The Malay is frivolous – His religious rituals & ceremonies become an

occasion for merry making and enjoyment. His summit meetings and
conferences are liable to dissolve into a litany of green jokes and bowdy
stories about dancing girls. His highest praise is that a man is marooning
makisama (easy to get along with). These traits of the Malays are
probably brought by environment conditions. The Filipino is still stubborn
Malay blood, despite the recombined evaporated “improvement”. We
Malay Filipino has been conditioned to expect defeat. His history consist
of series of defeats. The Filipino has been conditioned to think small.
Thus the steadiest thing in his find world is his family ties and rituals. The
family is his best social security system.
 
2. The Chinese

The second component of the Filipino root is

the Chinese. They came here sometimes in the
latter part of the T’ and Dynsasty (618-907 AD).
Pottery making & agricultural development
came to the Philippines thru the Chinese. Thus,
most of the Filipino farm & household
implements are Chinese; the methods used in
Agriculture, marketing and the domestic million
are Chinese.
The Chinese mixed, a blend of philosophy and
pragmantism has been transplanted in to the Filipino
Psychic. Patience & perseverance, hardiness &
foresight, frugality & thrift have been infused into the
character by the indomitable Chinese traders and
craftsman who came & stayed, and were absorbed
into the main stream of Filipino life. This for a
Filipino, relationship between parents and children
and lateral relatives is a matter of ethics & honor.
Getting along with neighbors is a fundamental
prerequisite to prosperity. Happiness, & human
existence. The Chinese traits of priorities, patience,
perseverance, hardiness, foresight and frugality
have been infused into the Filipino character.
3. The Indian

The Indian elements in the Filipino are mainly in arts,

manners, beliefs and language. Thru the Sri-Vishaya
Empire of Sumatra and the Madjapaht Empire of
Djawa, Indian cultural influences which affected the
cultural development of the Filipino flowed into the
Philippines. The ancient Filipino religious beliefs are
features of the Brahman religion of India. Folk –
beliefs such as one’s friends or relatives will die if the
person dreamt that one of his teeth has fallen out is
are Indian in origin.
The Filipino Loob
Loob and Pakikisama: The Moving Force of Filipino Spirituality

Loob has no single word equivalent in English. It

has been translated as selfhood, personhood,
core of self, interior self, inner self but there
seem to be no English word large enough to
encompass the manifold aspects of the
indigenous term Loob.
The essence of the Filipino is expressed
indigenously through his loob based on the study
on the Filipino Philosophy by Fr. Leonardo N.
Mercado, S.V.D. The metallinguistic analysis done
by Fr. Mercado reveals the inter-connectedness of
loob as intellectual, volitional,emotional and ethical.
He contrasted this to the Westerner’s a
compartmentalized ways of thinking, willing, feeling
and being good seen in the English translation of
loob. He concluded that the Filipino has a holistic
view of himself revealed in the 4 thematic
translations of loob in English and in 3 major
dialects.
Father Mercodo emphasizes interiority as a
moving force of Filipino behavior. The innate
goodness or the human heartedness of the
Filipino is seated in his loob. To give something
is pagkalooban (share one’s interiority) and to
appeal to one’s human heartedness is to ask
the Filipino to share his innate goodness. The
virtues of mercy, charity, clemency, leniency,
benevolence, generosity, kindness, tolerance
can all be summed-up in the expression of
“human-heartedness” or kabutihang-loob and
kagandahang-loob.
Pakikipagkapwa

The Filipino looks at person or man from the

viewpoint of harmony. He wants to be in
harmony with his fellowmen just as he wants to
be in harmony with himself. The Filipino is
person-oriented. He thinks of himself as
belonging to and identified himself with a group
(SAKOP) and consider the success and welfare
of the group as his own fulfillment. The
principles of non-dualism and harmony also
explains the Filipinos communitarian.
Enriquez (1976) declares that the Filipino social
philosophy is rooted in the word “kapwa”. The
closest English equivalent of Kapwa is “others”.
However, “others” is actually in opposition of the
self, and implies the recognition the “self” as a
separate identity. On the other hand, Kapwa is
the unity of self and others. It is a recognition of
of shared identity of himself and his sakop.
Sakop starts with the family and may embrace
the whole nation and the world. The sakop
fulfillment is also part of himself.
From the literature of the Filipino philosophers
like Mercado, Salazar and De Mesa,
pakikipagkapwa point out to the nucleus of
the Filipino Loob. This is confirmed by Alejo’s
(1990) philosophy of loob as a world of depth
and contents which is enriched by the Filipino
relationship with others.
Alejo’s Figurative Approach to the Philosophy
of Loob

Through figurative approach (Pagtatalinhaga),

Alejo gave meaning to Filipino LOOB in two
parts: Sculpture and Architecture of Loob
A. Sculpture

Alejo Says loob is beyond just the “loob” and

“labas” orientation. It has its scope, depth and
content. Depth of the sea, for instance, is not
just the depth of the basin but the depth of the
sea water per se. The boiling or steaming of the
kettle is actually the boiling of the soup that in
the kettle.
B. Architecture

For Alejo, loob is the envelopment of the sounds heard

by anyone who knocks and goes in when accepted.
Loob is also felt even during one’s internal silence which
is only understood through mutual sharing of oneself with
other person.

Second, loob is also a movement starting from the core

with an outward direction. Loob can be the core itself but
not just a cumulative action but like a spring, or a
coconut, always having something more than itself,
giving birth to something new, creating a bigger world out
of small core.
Loob as a word

De Mesa’s relational concept is a big improvement of

Illeto’s inner sled. De Mesa’s loob shows that loob is
directed towards the kapwa and is open to a higher
relationship with God, but in his description, loob
remains in the loob.

Alejo’s loob has world has space, depth and content which
emanate from the core and which one can get in touch
with. The depth, space and content of loob depends on the
relationship with others, the elements of which includes
consciousness level (abot-kamay), affective level (abot-
dama) and capability level (abot-kaya).
“Abot-malay (pangkamalayan, pangkaisipan, alaala,
pagkamalikhain, pagtanaw sa kinabukasan at sa
posibilidad ng hinarap)”

“Abot-dama (pandamdamin, pakikiramay, pagtatanim

sa loob, pagtatampo, hiya, utang na loob)”

“Abot - kaya (paninindigan, pagsasakatawan ng

aking namamalayan at nadarama, sukatan ng lakas
sa pagsasabuhay ng aking binabalak o niloloob at
hugutan din ng ibayong tapang)”
 These three cannot be separate. These are structures of just one
world. “Abot-malay” may be referred to as space or scope,
intensity or depth for “abot-dama” and strengths or content for
“abot-kaya”.

Loob as a space of abot-malay seems to have 4 levels; malay-

sarili, malay-kapwa, malay-daigdig, malay-maykapal. Loob is a
space and depth for meaningful relations here, one can be hurt or
given joy, one can be affected, here one can have consciousness
and feelings, here one can have as elf and a world, here one can
have a home and a great visitor. Loob as a world of capabilities –
This is a movement of the interior which is trying to reach the
fullness of his potentials.
 
One’s freedom rests on the movement of loob. And this is possible
only because of the assurance that the kapwa shares with that
urge to be free. Most of all, there is that someone who is always
there who is always involved in every movement of the loob.
Properly Managed:

Lakas ng Loob (Self Confidence), Utang na

Loob (Dept of Gratitude), Kusang Loob
(Initiative) and Tapat na Loob (Honesty)
The Many Faces of the Filipino
From this discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of
the Filipino, it is clear that there is much that is good here,
but there is also much that needs to be changed. Many of
our strong points are also the sources of our weakness.

As a people, we are person-oriented, and relationships with

others are a very important part of our lives. Thus, we are
capable of much caring and concern for others. On the
other hand, in the extreme our person orientation leads to
lack of objectivity and a disregard for universal rules and
procedures so that everyone, regardless of our relationship
with them, is treated equally. Our person orientation leads
us to be concerned for people, and yet unfair to some.
Our family orientation is both a strength and a weakness,
giving us a sense of rootedness and security, both very
essential to any form of reaching out to others. At the
same time, it develops in us an in-group orientation that
prevents us from reaching out beyond the family to the
larger community and the nation.

Our flexibility, adaptability and creativity is a strength that

allows us to adjust to any set of circumstances and to
make the best of the situation. But this ability to "play
things by ear" leads us to compromise on the precision
and discipline necessary to accomplish many work-
oriented goals. Our sense of joy and humor serves us
well in difficult times. it makes life more pleasant, but
serious problems do need serious analysis, and humor
can also be destructive.
Our faith in God and our religiosity are sources of strength
and courage, but they also lead to an external orientation that
keeps us passive and dependent on forces outside ourselves.
There are other contradictions in the many faces of the
Filipino. We find pakikipagkapwa-tao and the kanya-
kanya mentality living comfortably together in us. We are
other-oriented and capable of great empathy; and yet we are
self-serving, envious of others, and unconstructively critical of
one another.

We also find the Filipino described alternately as hardworking

and lazy. Indeed we see that we are capable of working long
and hard at any job. However, our casual work ethic as well
as our basic passivity in the work setting also is apparent as
we wait for orders and instructions rather than taking the
initiative.
The Filipino Values
Value clarification is a methodology by
which one is helped in the process of
choosing those values which are prized
and acted upon which could be the basis
in making choices and decisions.
Intro to Police Officer’s Values

An examination of the positive and negative traits of

the Filipino Character was discussed in order to
provide a much needed perspective of the
complexity of the problem of ethics and moral
degradation in the country. But what makes the PNP
situation more unique than the national situation is
that it likewise has its own occupational culture which
exerts tremendous influence over its personnel’s
beliefs and values. Hence, a member of the PNP
must contend with the two opposing influences – his
lineage as a Filipino, and his duty as a police officer.
 Core Values
The shared Filipino core values serve as the unifying force as well as the fundamental basis
of the Moral Recovery Program (MRP). They are:

a. Pagpapahalaga sa sariling kagandahang loob sa ilalim ng pamamahala ng

Panginoong Diyos (Self reflection and internalization of values with GOD as the Center);

b. Pagmamahal sa basa (love of country, pride in being Filipino);

c. Pagmamahal, pagkalinga at pakikipag – isa sa kapwa (love, unity, solidarity and teamwork).

d. Katapatan at pananagutan (integrity, accountability and stewardship)

e. Sariling – sikap (self – reliance through hard work)

f. Disiplina, kalinisan at kaayusan (discipline, cleanliness and orderliness)

g. Liwanag ng katotohanan dala ng budhi ng katuwiran (honesty, truthfulness and positive

thingking)
Moral Values
. Love of God – give God what is due him and develop the moral virtue of
1

religion through adoration, prayer and obedience.

2. Respect of Authority – treat freedom with a sense of self –
determination and personal responsibility, and as a social being, exercise
intelligently obedience.
3. Selfless Love of People – respect human life, respect the human body,
learn to give, to give oneself, and to love.
4. Chastity – respect the dignity of human sexuality by practicing chastity
in marriage through sexual love that is romantic, procreative, exclusive
and lasting, or if unmarried, by having no experience of sexual pleasure.
5. Responsible Dominion Over Material Things – should not be dominated
by it (detachment) and should share it with his fellowmen bearing in mind
that the material world is limited (scarce).
6. Truthfulness – never telling what is not true (untruth) because it
destroys the foundation of social life which is based on mutual trust .
Work Values
1. Industriousness – what a person wants to, looks for,
keeps busy, and strives to work well.
2. Sense of Responsibility – What a person does is
dependent on him and puts his will and intellect to his job
(creativity/initiative) and is held accountable for it.
3. Order (Sense of Time) – prioritizes the use of time,
values his time, “first things first”.
4. Collaboration – fosters teamwork and solidarity for unity.
5. Determination - a person possesses qualities of
perseverance, patience and strength to cope with
obstacles, difficulties and trials.
6. Service – performing duties or work for another, a person
or an institution that brings about benefits and/or results.
Ang Banig ng Aking Buhay

Ginuhit ni.........
10 Commandments of Human Relations
1. Speak to people. 
There is nothing as nice as a cheerful word of greeting.

2. Smile at people.
It takes 72 muscles to frown, only 14 to smile.

3. Call people by name.

The sweetest music to anyone's ears is the sound of his
own name.

4. Be friendly and helpful.

If you want friends, you must be one.

5. Be cordial.
Speak and act as if everything you do is a joy to you.
6. Be genuinely interested in people.
You can like almost everybody if you try.

7. Be generous with praise...

and cautious with criticisms.

8. Be considerate with the feelings of others.

There are usually three sides to a controversy: Yours, the other
fellow's and the right side.

9. Be eager to lend a helping hand.

Often it is appreciated more than you know.

10. Add to this:

a good sense of humor, a huge dose of patience and a dash of
humility. This combination will open many doors and the
rewards will be enormous.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Filipino Character
Strengths of the Filipino Character

1. Pakikipagkapwa-Tao (regard for others). Filipinos are open to others and

feel one with others. We regard others with dignity and respect, and deal
with them as fellow human beings. Pakikipagkapwa-tao is manifested in a
basic sense of justice and fairness, and in concern for others. It is
demonstrated in the Filipino's ability to empathize with others, in helpfulness
and generosity in times of need (pakikiramay), in the practice
of bayanihan or mutual assistance, and in the famous Filipino hospitality.

Filipinos possess a sensitivity to people's feelings

or pakikiramdam, pagtitiwala or trust, and a sense of gratitude or utang-na-
loob. Because of pakikipagkapwa-tao, Filipinos are very sensitive to the
quality of interpersonal relationships and are very dependent on them: if our
relationships are satisfactory, we are happy and secure.

Pakikipagkapwa-tao results in camaraderie and a feeling of closeness one

to another. It helps promote unity as well a sense of social justice.
2. Family Orientation. Filipinos possess a genuine and
deep love for the family, which includes not simply the
spouses and children, parents, and siblings, but also
grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, godparents, and other
ceremonial relatives. To the Filipino, one's family is the
source of personal identity, the source of emotional and
material support, and the person's main commitment and
responsibility.

Concern for family is manifested in the honor and respect

given to parents and elders, in the care given to children,
the generosity towards kin in need, and in the great
sacrifices one endures for the welfare of the family. This
sense of family results in a feeling of belonging or
rootedness and in a basic sense of security.
3. Joy and Humor. Filipinos have a cheerful and fun-loving
approach to life and its ups and downs. There is a pleasant
disposition, a sense of humor, and a propensity for happiness that
contribute not only to the Filipino charm, but to the indomitability of
the filipino spirit. Laughing at ourselves and our trouble is an
important coping mechanism. Often playful, sometimes cynical,
sometimes disrespectful, we laugh at those we love and at those
we hate, and make jokes about our fortune, good and bad.

This sense of joy and humor is manifested in the Filipino love for
socials and celebrations, in our capacity to laugh even in the most
trying of times, and in the appeal of political satire.

The result is a certain emotional balance and optimism, a healthy

disrespect for power and office, and a capacity to survive.
4. Flexibility, Adaptability and Creativity. Filipinos have a great capacity to adjust,
and to adapt to circumstances and to the surrounding environment, both physical
and social. Unplanned or unanticipated events are never overly disturbing or
disorienting as the flexible Filipino adjusts to whatever happens. We possess a
tolerance for ambiguity that enables us to remain unfazed by uncertainty or lack of
information. We are creative, resourceful, adept at learning, and able to improvise
and make use of whatever is at hand in order to create and produce.

•This quality of the Filipino is manifested in the ability to adapt to life in any part of the
world; in the ability to make new things out of scrap and to keep old machines
running; and, of course, in the creative talent manifested in the cultural sphere. It is
seen likewise in the ability to accept change.

•The result is productivity, innovation, entrepreneurship, equanimity, and survival.

Hard work and Industry. Filipinos have the capacity for hard work, given proper
conditions. The desire to raise one's standard of living and to possess the essentials
of a decent life for one's family, combined with the right opportunities and incentives,
stimulate the Filipino to work very hard. This is manifested most noticeably in a
willingness to take risks with jobs abroad, and to work there at two or three jobs.
The result is productivity and entrepreneurship for some, and survival despite
poverty for others.
5. Faith and Religiosity. Filipinos have a deep faith in God. Innate religiosity enables us
to comprehend and genuinely accept reality in the context of God's will and plan. Thus,
tragedy and bad fortune are accepted and some optimism characterizes even the poorest
lives.

Filipinos live very intimately with religion; this is tangible--a part of everyday life. We
ascribe human traits to a supernatural God whom we alternately threaten and thank, call
upon for mercy or forgiveness, and appease by pledges. Prayer is an important part of
our lives.

The faith of the Filipino is related to bahala na, which, instead of being viewed as
defeatist resignation, may be considered positively as a reservoir of psychic energy, an
important psychological support on which we can lean during difficult times.
This pampalakas ng loob allows us to act despite uncertainty.

Our faith and daring was manifest at EDSA and at other times in our history when it was
difficult to be brave. It is seen also in the capacity to accept failure and defeat without our
self-concept being devastated since we recognize forces external to ourselves as
contributing to the unfolding of events in our lives.

The results of the Filipino's faith are courage, daring, optimism, inner peace, as well as
the capacity to genuinely accept tragedy and death.
6. Ability to Survive. Filipinos have an ability to
survive which is manifested in our capacity for
endurance despite difficult times, and in our
ability to get by on so little. Filipinos make do
with what is available in the environment, even,
e.g., by eking out a living from a garbage dump.
This survival instinct is related to the Filipinos
who bravely carry on through the harshest
economic and social circumstances. Regretfully,
one wonders what we might be able to do under
better circumstances.
 Weaknesses of the Filipino Character
1. Extreme Personalism. Filipinos view the world in terms of personal relationships
and the extent to which one is able personally to relate to things and people
determines our recognition of their existence and the value. There is no separation
between an objective task and emotional involvement. This personalism is
manifested in the tendency to give personal interpretations to actions, i.e., to "take
things personally." Thus, a sincere question may be viewed as a challenge to one's
competence or positive feedback may be interpreted as a sign of special affection.
There is, in fact, some basis for such interpretations as Filipinos become personal
in their criticism and praise. Personalism is also manifested in the need to
establish personal relationships before any business or work relationship can be
successful.

• Because of this personalistic world view, Filipinos have difficulty dealing with all
forms of impersonal stimuli. For this reason one is uncomfortable with
bureaucracy, with rules and regulations, and with standard procedures--all of which
tend to be impersonal. We ignore them or we ask for exceptions.

• Personal contacts are involved in any transaction and are difficult to turn down.
Preference is usually given to family and friends in hiring, delivery of services, and
even in voting. Extreme personalism thus leads to the graft and corruption evident
in Philippine society.
2. Extreme Family-Centeredness. While concern for
the family is one of the Filipino's greatest strengths, in
the extreme it becomes a serious flaw. Excessive
concern for the family creates an in-group to which the
Filipino is fiercely loyal, to the detriment of concern for
the larger community or the common good.

Excessive concern for family manifests itself in the use

of one's office and power as a means of promoting the
interests of the family, in factionalism, patronage, and
political dynasties, and in the protection of erring family
members. It results in lack of concern for the common
good and acts as a block to national consciousness.
3. Lack of Discipline. The Filipino's lack of discipline encompasses
several related characteristics. We have a casual and relaxed
attitude towards time and space which manifests itself in lack of
precision and compulsiveness, in poor time management and in
procrastination. We have an aversion to following strictly a set of
procedures, which results in lack of standardization and quality
control. We are impatient and unable to delay gratification or
reward, resulting in the use of short cuts, skirting the rules
(the palusot syndrome) and in foolhardiness. We are guilty
of ningas cogon, starting out projects with full vigor and interest
which abruptly die down, leaving things unfinished.

Our lack of discipline often results in inefficient and wasteful work

systems, the violation of rules leading to more serious
transgressions, and a casual work ethic leading to carelessness
and lack of follow-through.
4. Passivity and Lack of Initiative. Filipinos are generally
passive and lacking in initiative. One waits to be told what has
to be done. There is a strong reliance on others, e.g., leaders
and government, to do things for us. This is related to the
attitude towards authority. Filipinos have a need for a strong
authority figure and feel safer and more secure in the presence
of such an authority. One is generally submissive to those in
authority, and is not likely to raise issues or to question
decisions.

Filipinos tend to be complacent and there rarely is a sense of

urgency about any problem. There is a high tolerance for
inefficiency, poor service, and even violations of one's basic
rights. In many ways, it can be said that the Filipino is too
patient and long-suffering (matiisin), too easily resigned to one's
fate. Filipinos are thus easily oppressed and exploited.
5. Colonial Mentality. Filipinos have a colonial mentality which is
made up of two dimensions: the first is a lack of patriotism or an
active awareness, appreciation, and love of the Philippines; the
second is an actual preference for things foreign.

Filipino culture is characterized by an openness to the outside--

adapting and incorporating the foreign elements into our image
of ourselves. Yet this image is not built around a deep core of
Philippine history and language. The result is a cultural
vagueness or weakness that makes Filipinos extraordinarily
susceptible to the wholesome acceptance of modern mass
culture which is often Western. Thus, there is preference for
foreign fashion, entertainment, lifestyles, technology, consumer
items, etc. The Filipino colonial mentality is manifested in the
alienation of the elite from their roots and from the masses, as
well as in the basic feeling of national inferiority that makes it
difficult for Filipinos to relate as equals to Westerners.
6. Kanya-Kanya Syndrome. Filipinos have a selfish, self-serving attitude
that generates a feeling of envy and competitiveness towards others,
particularly one's peers, who seem to have gained some status or
prestige. Towards them, the Filipino demonstrated the so-called "crab
mentality", using the levelling instruments of tsismis, intriga and
unconstructive criticism to bring others down. There seems to be a basic
assumption that another's gain is our loss.

The kanya-kanya syndrome is also evident in personal ambition and drive

for power and status that is completely insensitive to the common good.
Personal and in-group interests reign supreme. This characteristic is also
evident in the lack of a sense of service among people in the government
bureaucracy. The public is made to feel that service from these offices
and from these civil servants is an extra perk that has to be paid for.

The kanya-kanya syndrome results in the dampening of cooperative and

community spirit and in the denial of the rights of others.
7. Lack of Self-Analysis and Self-Reflection. There is a tendency in the
Filipino to be superficial and even somewhat flighty. In the face of
serious problems both personal and social, there is lack of analysis or
reflection. Joking about the most serious matters prevents us from
looking deeply into the problem. There is no felt need to validate our
hypotheses or explanations of things. Thus we are satisfied with
superficial explanations for, and superficial solutions to, problems.

Related to this is the Filipino emphasis on form (maporma) rather than

upon substance. There is a tendency to be satisfied with rhetoric and
to substitute this for reality. Empty rhetoric and endless words are very
much part of public life. As long as the right things are said, as long as
the proper documents and reports exist, and as long as the proper
committees, task forces, or offices are formed, Filipinos are deluded
into believing that what ought to be actually exists.

The Filipino lack of self-analysis and our emphasis upon form is

reinforced by an educational system that is often more form than
substance and a legal system that tends to substitute law for reality.
I AM YOUR JOB
 You have always taken me for granted.
Many times you threat me with shabbiness
and indifference, you never seem to like
me. In fact, you never seem to appreciate
me at all. Many times you hurl slighting
remarks about me. You blame and do
other more enjoyable things besides, You
expect me to give you something in return.
Don’t I provide for your food, your clothing,
your shelter and money you spend on a
thousand and more things? Doesn’t your
bank account depend upon me? And how
about the prestige? Were it not for me,
where do you think would you be?
 You must understand that? Also have
feelings, because I care, I also expect to
be cared for, Because I give, I also expect
to receive, And I’d expect from you, you
would be your unfailing loyalty, affection
and your devotion.
 Just supposing one morning you wake up
and find me gone. Would you not face the
day with uneasy feeling perhaps bordering
in fear, hopelessness and despair? For
then, hunger. Deprivation and poverty
would be at your door. And perhaps the
friends you have gained thru me would
slowly begin to desert you and your bank
account begins to dwindle.
So after all, Im important to you. Your
satisfaction in life greatly depends upon me. So,
if you want to keep me, love me, value me or
else I’ll run away from you.

Instructors Note: Let the students read the

concluding concept on: I am your Job

Instructors Note: Relate the Filipino Loob,

Filipino Psyche, PNP Moral and Work Values
with the PPSC Core Values
 PPSC Core Values
Our Core Values are deeply entrenched in the acronym SERVICE
where each letter represents the source of our inner strength, the
virtues and character we exemplify, and clearly defines the
guiding defines the guiding principles we hold dear as we pledge
never to betray ourselves as we perform our bounden duties in
the interest of public service.

Servanthood
 
We value a supportive and professional role to serve and protect
our clientele and the community with sincerity, utmost devotion
and dedication above personal interest as we affirm our
unconditional service and love of God, country and people.  
Excellence

We commit to do and make things happen effectively and

efficiently in all our endeavours as we strive to achieve
more with tangible results and far exceeding our best
consistently and outstandingly.

Responsible with Accountability

We perform and accomplish our assigned duties and

tasks in serving the public with due diligence as our moral
obligation and always bearing in mind that we are
answerable and duty bound to promote the interest of the
public.
 Valuing People and Respecting Human Rights

We uphold the dignity of our fellowmen at all times

whenever we cater to their needs and be sensitive and
cautious to serve and protect them with compassion and
utmost respect of their human rights.
 
Integrity
 
We take an uncompromising and consistent stance to live
an honest, upright and dignified life in the performance of
our duty in accordance with the highest ethical and moral
standards where our advocacies, beliefs and convictions
are consistent with our words and actions.
Courage

We draw our collective and individual strength of

attitude from our moral fortitude to always accept
challenging tasks, and bold enough to speak out and
stand firm against temptation, anomalies, corruption
and exploitation.

Empowerment

We reach out and build bridges of cooperation, nurture

volunteerism and work harmoniously together with our
clientele by capacitating people in the process for a
better and safer community.
We are committed to provide our valued
stakeholders quality and responsive education and
training, continual improvement, high ethical
standards, good governance in public safety within
democratic processes for Peaceful, Progressive and
Sustainable Communities in adherence to the
Quality Management System requirements.”

Instructors Note: Learning all the concepts on Filipino

Loob, Filipino Psyche, PNP Moral and Work Values and
PPSC Core Values, What now?, Do the Public Safety
Officer way of life:
 Way of Life
1. Observe cleanliness. Wear a clean and presentable
uniform. Maging malinis. Palaging magsuot ng malinis at
maayos na uniporme.

2. Be tactful and courteous. Always wear a smile and

speak with pleasant expression. (Maging magalang. Maging
maayos at palagiang Masaya habang nakikipag-usap. Ito’y
makakagaan ng loob ng tao).
 
3. Maintain office cleanliness. (Panatilihing malinis ang
opisina. Ito’y makakapag-inganyo sa publiko upang
palagiang bisitahin at maghayag ng loobin).
 4. Be a good neighbor. (Maging mabuting
kapitbahay. Huwag maging abusado at palagiang
tumulong sa kapwa tao).

5. Be a good example of a peacemaker in the

community. (Maging mabuting tagapamayapa sa
komunidad).
 
6. Live a healthy lifestyle. Spend time on
maintaining physical fitness. (Mabuhay ng
malusog. Maglaan ng oras sa pag-eehersisyo at
hindi pag-inom ng alak at pagsusugal).
 7. On board a police car and motorcycle, be alert,
presentable and friendly. (Kapagnakasakay sa ‘police
car’ maging handa, subalit maayos at mahinahon).
 
8. Create a client-friendly structures/arrangements in
the office. (Panatilihing bukas sa lahat ang opisina. Ito’y
isang paraan upang lumapit at maging kabahagi ang
komunidad sa pagsugpo ng krimen).

9. Be trustworthy. Inspire trust and confidence. (Maging

mapagkakatiwalaan).

10. Observe good manners and right conduct.

(Panatilihin ang tamang pag-uugali sa lahat ng sitwasyon.
In order to internalize this tenfold
interpersonal strategy, the police proactively
interfaces and blends in with the residents of
the community in a simplified but
compassionate way. The interfacing activity,
as the police officer “immerses” with the
public, is done with utmost courtesy without
appearing subservient. He helps the
community look for an opportunity to be a
part in the policing system and at the same
time, develop in them the courage to be self-
sufficient and empowered.