Day 3 Plagiarism Paraphrasing Summarizing

PLAGIARISM
Effective Notetaking
Plagiarism
■Is defined as the copying
verbatim of language and
ideas of writer and taking
credit for them.
■There are two types of
Plagiarism:
-Plagiarism of Language
-Plagiarism of Ideas
Plagiarism of Ideas
■occur when credit for a
work is ascribed to oneself
untruthfully. To address
this proper citations
should be done.
Author-oriented citation
■ starts with the surname of the
author, followed by the year of
publication in parenthesis. Verbs of
statement such as argues, believes,
posits, and emphasizes at the start
or paragraph or sentence may be
used.
EXAMPLE
■ Pulido (2012) believes that
language in an online environment
can be understood if other modes of
online communication are further
analyzed to provide a full account of
interaction in virtual worlds.
Text-oriented citation
■ In a text-orientation citation, a
paragraph or sentence from a source is
followed with the surname of the author
of the work and the year of publication.
The citation must be enclosed in the
parenthesis.
EXAMPLE
■ Unless educators realize the importance
of reading and writing across subject
areas, problems, in comprehension of
subject matter will be a prominent issue
in the teaching earning process
(Estacio, 2010)
Another way of citation
■ Start the sentence or paragraph by using

the phrase “According to...” followed
by the surname of the author and the
year of publication enclosed in
parenthesis.
EXAMPLE
■ According to Mendoza (1990), by the
end of the century, our fuel reserves
will be reduced to half, scarcity of
energy supplies will be a big problem.
Plagiarism of Language
■ Happens an author uses the language of another writer
and claims it as his or her own. To address plagiarism
of language, effective note-taking techniques should be
used.
■ There are three types of note-taking techniques:
using direct quotations, summarizing, and
paraphrasing.
■Using direct quotations is employed
for statements that are so closely
associated that altering the words
may lose its rhetorical impact.
■ Using direct quotations means to lift text and
enclose them in quotation marks. In addition to
the author’s name, the page numbers are
included.
Example: “Globalization is just a covert term for

colonization.” (Reyes, 1994, p. 2)
■ If the text is too long, you may omit certain parts
and replace them with an ellipses (three dots). If the
words omitted are at the end of the statement,
another dot is added, making it four.
Example: “Smartphones resulted from global

innovations in technology… and therefore,
consumers need to be updated on the latest trends it
they want to maximize opportunities offered by
these gadgets to make daily activities more
convenient.” (De Claro, 2010., p. 7)
■ Interpolation may be done to insert notes
within the directly quoted passage to help
readers understand the context of the
statement. Interpolation is marked by open
and closed brackets.
Example:
“ De Quiros, Zabala, Uy, and Lee believe
that the education sector should address the
material conditions of schools to improve teaching
and learning.” (Danao, 2011, p. 7)
“[Educators] believe that the education

sector should address the material conditions of
schools to improve teaching and learning.” (Danao,
2011, p. 7)
■ Using too many direct quotations does
not reveal your identity as an author.
■ As a rule of thumb, twenty percent of
the total length of the work may employ
direct quotations.
PARAPHRASING
PARAPHRASING is a
restatement in your own
words of the main idea and
supporting details of a text.
The following are several ways in
paraphrasing..
1.Literal Paraphrasing – replaces

vocabulary terms from the original text
2.Structural Paraphrasing – This type
changes the sentence structure
SUMMARIZING
Summarizing is a short
restatement of the main idea
of a text.
For developing the summary, the
following tips may be useful:
1. Make sure to read the text thoroughly and highlight the
important details in the text. Bear in mind that certain
details have relationships and these need to be noted as
well.
2. After getting the main idea/s, use your own words in
your summary. Make sure to check if the relationships
between the ideas are established.
3.When done with your summary,
recheck your output with the original to
see if your output does not stray from
the original text.
Summary Paraphrase
Sobia and Tatel (2014) view Sobia and Tatel (2014) points out that
through technology may have a negative
technology as something that impact in children’s ability to socialize
may affect the social lives of since it minimizes chances of real life
children in a negative and interaction with others, they believe that
through interactive features of
positive way. technology such as sharing apps and
varying platforms for exchange,
technology can enhance social skills
among its users.
CONTINUOUS
STORY TELLING
MECHANICS:
1. THE TEACHER WILL RANDOMLY CHOOSE SIX (6)

STUDENTS.
2. THE STUDENTS SHOULD CREATE A STORY BASED ON
THE TITLE THAT ONE OF THEIR CLASSMATES WILL
GIVE.
3. EACH CHOSEN STUDENT WILL GIVE AT LEAST ONE
OR TWO SENTENCES THEN THE NEXT STUDENT WILL
GIVE ANOTHER SENTENCE UNTIL THE STORY IS
FINISHED. BEAR IN MIND THAT THE STORY SHOULD
CONTAIN THE ELEMENTS OF PLOT WHICH THE
TEACHER WILL DISCUSS.
4. The students that won’t be chosen by the teacher
are required to summarize the story that was created
by the participants (they should write their
summary in a ¼ sheet of paper) while the chosen
participants will be exempted for summarizing.
Climax
rising action falling action
exposition resolution

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PLAGIARISM

■ Start the sentence or paragraph by using

Example: “Globalization is just a covert term for

Example: “Smartphones resulted from global

“[Educators] believe that the education

1.Literal Paraphrasing – replaces

1. THE TEACHER WILL RANDOMLY CHOOSE SIX (6)

rising action falling action

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