Quadratic Equations

Solve the following equation by factorisation.

x 2  2 x  15  0
How to factorise?
1. x2   x   x

2.  15    1  15 or 1    15 or   3   5 or  3    5

 x +1
-1
-3 +2x
+14x
-14x
Adakah (x –+ 3)(x
1)(x
1)(x +–15)
15)
5)
x x2 -1x
-3x
+x sama dengan
+15
-15 -15x
+5 15x
5x -15 x2 + 2x  15 ? TIDAK
YA
TIDAK
x2 15
 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation by factorisation.
x 2  2 x  15  0
 x  3 x  5  0
x3  0 , x5  0
x3 x  5
 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation by factorisation.
2
3x  1 
x
1. Need to do some operations before factorising and
change into ax2 + bx + c = 0. .

Multiply by x :
 2
 3x  1    ( x)  3x 2  x  2  3x 2  x  2  0
 x
 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation by factorisation.
3x 2  x  2  0
How to factorise?
1. 3x 2   3x    x 

2.  2    1   2  or 1    2  or   2   1 or  2     1

 3x +1
-1
-2 +x
+5x
-5x
Adakah (3x – 1)(x + 2)
x 3x2 -1x
-2x
+x sama dengan
+2
+1
-2 +3x
-6x
6x -2 3x2 + x  2 ?? TIDAK
YA
TIDAK
3x2  2
 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation by factorisation.
3x 2  x  2  0
(3x – 1)(x + 2) = 0
3x – 1 = 0 , x+2=0
3x = 1 x = -2
1
x=
3
Quadratic Equations

Try question no. 1

 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation.
x 2  3x  5  0
Can you factorise ?
How do you know ?

Check with b 2  4ac    3 2  41  5

 29  5. 385

Another method is using the formula.

 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
x or
2a 2a
 Quadratic Equations
Solve the following equation.
x 2  3x  5  0

Using the formula, find the values of a, b and c.

a = 1, b = -3, c = -5

x
 (3) + (3) 2  4(1)(5)
, x
 (3)  ( 3) 2  4(1)( 5)
2(1) 2(1)

3  29 3  29
x , x
2 2
x  4.193 , x   1.193
Quadratic Equations

Try questions no. 2, 3 and 4.

Roots of Quadratic Equations
1
Form the quadratic equation which has the roots 2 and  .
2
 1 1
x20 , x    0  ( x  2)( x  )  0
 2 2

Forming the equation,

( x)( x)  ( x)( 12 )  (2)( x)  (2)( 12 )  0

1
x  x  2x 1  0
2

2
3
x2  x 1  0
2
Roots of Quadratic Equations
Form the quadratic equation which has the roots  and .

x   0 , x 0  ( x   )( x   )  0

Forming the equation,

( x)( x)  ( x)(  )  ( )( x)  ( )(  )  0

x 2   x  x    0

x 2       x    0

1 x 2   sum of roots  x   product of roots   0

 Roots of Quadratic Equations
Given that  and  are the roots of the equation 3x  x  2  0 .
2

Find the new quadratic equation which has roots 3 and 3.

The new quadratic equation is x   3  3  x  (3 )(3 )  0

2

Need to find 3 + 3 and (3)(3).

3  3  3     and  3  3   9 
Anda perlu cari  +  dan  dulu. Dari mana?

3x 2  x  2  0 
Tukar bentuk : 3 x 2  x  2  0   1
3
1 2
x2  x   0
3 3
 Roots of Quadratic Equations
1 2
x2  x  0
3 3 x 2       x    0

Tukar dulu : x 2  
1  2
Cari  +  dan (). x      0
 3  3
1 1
    3      3   1
3 3
2  2
    9    9     6
3  3

x 2   3  3  x  (3 )(3 )  0  x 2  3     x  9  0

 x 2  31 x  9  6  0
 x 2  3x  54  0
 Solve Quadratic Inequations
 x  1  x  1 0

Coefficient of x2 is 1.
Graph with minimum pt.

x +1=0
x -1=0
Importance of Discriminant : b2 - 4ac

 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
Remember : x or
2a 2a
b 0 b 0
1. If b2 - 4ac = 0 , x  or  One root only
2a 2a

Example : x2  10x + 25 = 0.

a = 1 , b = -10 , and c = 25.

   10    10 2  41 25    10    10 2  41 25

x or
21 21

10  0 10  0
x or
2 2
 Importance of Discriminant : b2 - 4ac

A quadratic equation x  px  9  2 x has two equal roots.

2

Find the possible values of p.

One root  b2 - 4ac = 0

Find a, b and c.
x 2  px  2 x  9  0
x 2   p  2 x  9  0
a 1
 p  2 2  41 9  0 p  8, p  4
b p 2
p 2  4 p  4  36  0
c9
 p  8 p  4  0
 Importance of Discriminant : b2 - 4ac

2. If b2 - 4ac  0 ,  Two roots

Example : x2  10x + 21 = 0.

a = 1 , b = -10 , and c = 25.

   10    10 2  41 25    10    10 2  41 25

x or
21 21

10  0 10  0
x or
2 2
 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
Remember : x or
2a 2a