INSTRUCTOR:

JOMAR N. BUSCAS
MATHEMATICS TEACHER

K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL – CORE SUBJECT Grade: 11

Semester: First Semester Core Subject Title: General Mathematics No. of Hours/Semester: 80 hours/semester
5. Lead Me Lord - Gary Valenciano (w- lyrics).mp4
How will you explain the
meaning of exponential
increase or decrease in your
own words?
Why should the base of an
exponential function always
be positive rational number
not equal to 1?
How can you easily identify
exponential functions by
looking a table of values?
UNIT I: FUNCTIONS AND
THEIR GRAPHS

MODULE 6.1:
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTION
MR. JOMAR N. BUSCAS
Mathematics Teacher
EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION

   The exponential function is defined by the equation

F(x) =

where
a is the base,
x is the exponent (independent value), and
f(x) is the dependent variable.

Note that a > 0 and a ≠ 1.

Example #1:
 

F(2) =
F(2) = 4
Example #2:
 

F(3) =
F(3) = 8
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES

The different laws of exponents is

very useful in solving exponential
equations. Recall that for any
positive numbers, a and b, the
following rules hold for all real
numbers x and y.
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
A.1)Product rules

a •a =a
x y x+y

Example #1:

a •a =a
2 3 2+3

a 5
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
A. 2.)Product rules

a • b = (ab)
x x x

Example #1:

c •j2 2

(cj) 2
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
B. 1.) Quotient rules

a /a =a
x y x-y

Example #1:

a /a =a
5 3 5-3

a 2
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
B. 2.) Quotient rules

(a/b) = a / b
x x x

Example #1:

(c / j) 3

c /j 3 3
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
C. Power rule

(a ) = a
x y xy

Example #1:

(2cj) 3

8c j
3 3
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
D. Zero rule

a =1
0

Example #1:

(2cj) 0

1
SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AND INEQUALITIES
E. Negative exponent rule

a =1/a
-1 x

Example #1:

(2cj) -2

1 / (2cj) 2

1 / 4c j
2 2
Example # 1: 42n = 8
To solve the given equation, express both side of the equation in
exponential form using the same base. Then, solve for n using the
properties state above.

Solution:

42n = 8 Given

22(2n) = 23 Same base

24n = 23 Power rule
4n = 3 Property of equality

n=3/4 Dividing both sides by 4

 Example # 2:
 
¿
Solution:
 
¿ Given
Expressing each term as an
(1/53) 2x – 2 • 54x = 53
 
exponential expression

(5−3) 2x
 
 – 2 • 54x  = 53 Negative exponential rule

5−6
 
x  – 2 • 54 x  = 53 Power rule
5−6
 
x  – 2 + 4 x  = 53 Product rule
 
−2 𝑥+6=3 Subtracting 6 from both sides
 
−2 𝑥=−3
  3 Dividing both sides by -2
𝑥=
2
Example # 3: 4  –   n  – 2 •4 n = 64
 

Solution:

4   –  n  – 2 •4 n = 64 Given

4   – n  – 2 •4  n=43 Expressing 64 as an

exponential
−n − 2+n=3
 
exponential with base
4
 
−2=3
 Since is a false statement, the
equation has no solution.
Exponential functions are function s which take

the form f(x) = bx, where b is any positive real

number not equal to 1, and x is any real number.

In solving exponential equations and inequalities,
the property of equality for exponential equations
is used. The property states that if b x = by, where b
is any positive real number other than 1, and x
and y are real number, then x = y. The laws of
exponents also play a vital role in solving
exponential equations and inequalities.
When solving exponential equations and

inequalities, it is important to check whether

the values of the variables you have solved are

the solutions of the given equations or

inequalities.
UNIT I: FUNCTIONS AND
THEIR GRAPHS
MODULE 6.2:
GRAPHS AND
PROPERTIES OF
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTION
MR. JOMAR N. BUSCAS
Mathematics Teacher
Modelling exponential functions through graphs, a table of
values and equations make it easy to interpret, analyse, and
compare their properties.

In the real world, there are quantities that grow or reduce

exponentially, particularly in areas such as population, carbon
dating, investments and many more.
In most applications of exponential functions, the natural base
e is commonly used. The function defined by f(x) = ex is
called the natural exponential function, where the constant e is
equal to 2.718281828…, and x is the variable.
EXAMPLE #1
   Solve and sketch the graph of f(x) =
x -2 -1 0 1 2
  𝟏  𝟏
f(x)
𝟒 𝟐 1
Solution:
x = -2 x = -1 x=0
 f(x) =  f(x) =
 f(x) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
 f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
f(0) = 1
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
EXAMPLE #1
   Solve and sketch the graph of f(x) =
x -2 -1 0 1 2
  𝟏  𝟏
f(x)
𝟒 𝟐
1 2 4
Solution:

x=1 x=2
 f(x)  f(x) =
=
 f(1) =  f(2) =
F(1) = 2 f(2) = 4
EXAMPLE #1
   Solve and sketch the graph of f(x) =
x -2 -1 0 1 2
  𝟏  𝟏
f(x)
𝟒 𝟐
1 2 4

(2 , 4)

(1 , 2)
(0 , 1)
(-2 , 1/4) (-1 , 1/2)
EXAMPLE #1
   Solve and sketch the graph of f(x) =
x -2 -1 0 1 2
  𝟏  𝟏
f(x)
𝟒 𝟐
1 2 4

4.5

4
(2 , 4)
3.5

2.5

2
(1 , 2)
1.5

1
(0 , 1)
0.5
(-1 , 1/2)
(-2 , 1/4)
0
-2 -1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1

f(x) =

f(x) =

 Solution for f(x) = :

x = -2 x = -1 x=0
 f(x)  f(x) =
=  f(x) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =  f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) = f(0) = 1
F(-2) = 1/9 f(-1) = 1/3
 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1 3 9

f(x) =

f(x) =

 Solution for f(x) = :

x=1 x=2
 f(x)  f(x) =
=
 f(1) =  f(2) =

F(1) = 3 f(2) = 9
 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1 3 9

f(x) = 1/256 1/16 1
f(x) =

 Solution for f(x) = :

x = -2 x = -1 x=0
 f(x) =  f(x) =  f(x) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =  f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =  f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
F(0) = 1
F(-2) = 1/256 F(-1) = 1/16
 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1 3 9

f(x) = 1/256 1/16 1 16 256
f(x) =

 Solution for f(x) = :

x=1 x=2
 f(x) =  f(x) =
 f(1) =  f(2) =
 f(1) =  f(2) =

F(1) = 16 F(2) = 256

 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1 3 9

f(x) = 1/256 1/16 1 16 256
f(x) = 1/5 1/ 2. 1
 Solution for f(x) = :
x = -2 x=0
 f(x) =
x = -1
 f(x) =
 f(x) =
 f(-2) =  f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
 f(0) =
 f(-2) =  f(-1) =
F(0) = 1
F(-2) = 1/5 F(-1) = 1/ 2.
 EXAMPLE #2
Solve and sketch the graph on the same coordinate plane.
x -2 -1 0 1 2

f(x) = 1/9 1/3 1 3 9

f(x) = 1/256 1/16 1 16 256
f(x) = 1/5 1/ 2. 1 2 5
 Solution for f(x) = :

x=1 x=2
 f(x) =
 f(x) =
 f(0) =
 f(0) =  f(0) =

F(0) = 2 F(0) = 5
HAVE A
NICE
DAY
REFERENCES:
 Isidro, Jefferson D., Solano, Irene P., and Mariano,
Oliver G. (2019) DIWA Senior High School Series:
General Mathematics (Second Edition)
 Adrao, Eugenio S., Avante, Raquel M., and Ulpina, Elvin
P. (2010) Advance Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics
 Aoanon, Grace O., Plarizan, Ma. Lourdes P., Regidor,
Beverly T., and Simbulas, Lolly Jean C. (2016) General
Mathematics for Senior High School
 Barcelona, Alvin B. M.A., Belecina, Rene R. Ph.D, and
Villanueva (2016) Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.:
Concept Math and Beyond (General Mathematics)
 VIDEO YOU CAN ALSO WATCH!
1.) Inverse Functions 
https://numberbender.com/lessons/view/705/1.9-Practice-Exerc
ises-on-Finding-the-Inverse-of-a-Function