“CIVIL ENGINEERING” – DRAWING

CE-105

LECTURE:1

Prepared by : Samreen Shabbir

ABOUT ME
 Name: Samreen Shabbir
 Professional Experience: 3 years in the Design and drawing of
water and wastewater conveyance and treatment systems.
 2 years experience of teaching as a lecturer in Civil Dept.
 Academic Qualification:

1. BE (Civil Engineering), NED University (2011)

2. ME (Environmental Engineering), NED University (2014)

 Contact: samreen.shabbir@yahoo.com
CLASS RULES

1. Attendance – 75%: It is important to get the things done

accordingly

2. Only up to 05 minutes late can get the attendance (Please DO NOT

make this practice); however, one can attend the class for learning
purposes

3. The cell phone must be SWITCHED OFF (NOT EVEN IN

SILENT MODE) when you enter the class

4. Class participation is important

SESSIONAL MARKS
DISTRIBUTION
1. Presentation 5 marks

2. Quiz 10 marks

3. Class Activity 5 marks

4. Class Behaviour 5 marks

5. Assignment 5 marks
COURSE OUTLINE
CE-105 CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING
 
 Introduction to the subject and drawing equipment.

 Lettering and dimensioning, graphic symbols, free

hand sketches and isometric views. Method of

sections including assembly sections.
 Orthographic projection, orthogonal projections of

simple solids in simple position, oblique and

auxiliary planes.
COURSE OUTLINE
 Isometric and pictorial projections of solid figures,
making of free hand sketches from solid objects
and from orthographic projections. Intersection of
surfaces. Development of surfaces.
 Introduction to Civil Engineering drawing,
preparation on of plan, elevation and sections for
simple buildings.
 Introduction to Computer Graphics
REFRENCE BOOK
 Basics of Engineering Drawing by
Zahid A. Siddiqi
Drawing

Describing any object/ information diagrammatically

Engineering Drawing

Graphical means of expression of technical

details without the barrier of a language.
Universal language for engineers
 Standards Definition
Drawing standards are set of rules that govern how
technical drawings are represented.

Why Necessary
Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey
the same meaning to everyone who reads them.
Drawing is important for all branches of
engineering.
Graphical representation of an object – Drawing
• Engineering drawing – A drawing of an object
that contains all information
-like actual shape, accurate size,manufacturing
methods, etc., required for its construction.

-No construction/manufacturing of any (man

-made) engineering objects is possible without
engineering drawing.
What will you learn in this course?
You will learn - How industry communicates technical
information.
• Visualization – the ability to mentally control visual
information.
• Graphics theory – geometry and projection techniques.
• Standards – set of rules that govern how parts are made
and technical drawings are represented.
• Conventions – commonly accepted practices and methods
used for technical drawings.
• Tools – devices used to create technical drawings and
models.
• Applications – the various uses for technical drawings.
Engineering drawing is completely different
from artistic drawing, which are used to
express aesthetic, philosophical, and
abstract ideas.
Items required for drawing Items required for drawing
Drawing board
Drawing sheet
Mini-drafter/drafting machine/ T- sqaure
Instrument box containing compass, divider, etc.
Scales
Protractor
French curves
Drawing pencils
Eraser
Drawing clip/pin/adhesive tape
Sharpener
Duster
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS 1

1. Drawing Board
 Drawing Sheet : Standard size
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4. A3

Standard sheet size A2

(JIS) Japanese
Industrial Standards
A1
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0
A0 841 x 1189
(Dimensions in millimeters)
 Drawing Sheet : Orientation & Margin

Border d
lines
A3 297 x 420

Drawing space

Title block
T- square/ Drafting Machine
Lay out of a drawing sheet
 Layout of the title box

SWEDISH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY RAHIM 20

YAR KHAN

15
TITLE:

SCALE:
10

ROLL NO:
NAME: 10

PLATE NO:
EVALUATED BY 10

110 75
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS 5

 Set squares (a pair)

DRAWING INSTRUMENTS 6

 Irregular/ French curves

 Working edge

Drawing board must be placed on the table

with working edge always to be at the left
side.
Last two sizes are normally used for student drawing
Drawing Pencils

Wooden pencils – are graded and designated by numbers and letters

Mechanical clutch pencils – Not allowed
• 7B, 6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, B - in decreasing order of softness and
blackness
• HB to F – Medium grade
• H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H, 8H, 9H – increasing order of
hardness.
Drawings are done using 2H pencils and finished with H
and HB pencils – to be practiced in this course.
 DIMENSIONING
Dimensioning is required to convey the exact size of the object
Engineering Drawing

Drawing Scale
 Drawing Scales : Definition
Length, size
Scale is a ratio between the linear dimension of a drawn representation of
an object and the actual object.

1 : 2

10

20
Drawing Actual
 Drawing Scales : Designation

Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”

followed by the indication of its ratio, as follows
SCALE 1:1 for full size
SCALE X:1 (X > 1) for an enlargement scales
SCALE 1:X (X > 1) for a reduction scales

Drawing scale is commonly found in a title block.

Drawing Scales : Standard scale

Standard reducing scales are

1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50, 1:100

Standard enlarging scales are

2:1, 5:1, 10:1, 20:1, 50:1, 100:1
Engineering Drawing

Lettering
 Recommendation
Text’s style on the drawing Examples
must have the following
GOOD
2 properties
Not uniform in
Legibility
style.
- Shape Not uniform in
- Space between letters height.
- Space between words
Not uniformly
vertical.
Uniformity
Not uniform in
- Size (or text height) thickness of
- line thickness stroke.
Inappropriate
space
between letters
 Style (this course)

Gothic vertical style.

Begin the sentence, phrase or word with a capital letter.

Text height 2~3 mm.

Space between lines of text is about of text height.

Height of the lower-case letter is about 2/3 of that of a

capital letter.
 Basic Strokes
Straight Slanted Horizontal Curved

Examples
“I” letter “A” letter “B” letter

4 5
1 1 2 1

3 6
3
2
Engineering Drawing

Line Types
Basic Line Types &Application
Thickness Thick Thin 1. Dimension line
2. Extension line
Visible line 3. Leader line
Style
Continuous Hidden line
Dash
Chain Center line

1. Visible line represent features that can be seen in the current view.
2. Dimension line
Extension line indicate the sizes and location of features.
Leader line

3. Hidden line represent features that can not be seen in the current view.

4. Center line represents symmetry, path of motion, centers of circles,

axis of axisymmetrical parts
Basic Line Types
Line Types and Styles

Visible Line Dimension

and Extension
Line

Hidden Line Cutting Plane

Line

Center Line
Section Line

Phantom Line
Break Line