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Module 5 Rational Functions Equations and Inequalities

Here are five examples of each: Rational Equation: 1. (x+3)/(x-2) = 5 2. (x^2 - 4x + 3)/(x - 1) = 0 3. (2x - 1)/(x + 3) = (x + 1) 4. (x^2 + 5x + 6)/(x - 2) = (x - 3) 5. (3x + 2)/(x - 4) = (2x - 1) Rational Function: 1. f(x) = (x+1)/(x-3) 2. g(x) = (x^2 - 5x + 6)/(

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Roger Corros
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134 views

Module 5 Rational Functions Equations and Inequalities

Here are five examples of each: Rational Equation: 1. (x+3)/(x-2) = 5 2. (x^2 - 4x + 3)/(x - 1) = 0 3. (2x - 1)/(x + 3) = (x + 1) 4. (x^2 + 5x + 6)/(x - 2) = (x - 3) 5. (3x + 2)/(x - 4) = (2x - 1) Rational Function: 1. f(x) = (x+1)/(x-3) 2. g(x) = (x^2 - 5x + 6)/(

Uploaded by

Roger Corros
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Welcome

General Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 5:
Rational Functions, Equations
and Inequalities
PRAYER
Greatest of all teachers and giver of love, hope, faith, and
wisdom. Look upon your children, the teachers and
learners. We humbly ask for your mercy and forgiveness.
Guide us to the right path, may our efforts be blessed, with
insights and understanding, wisdom and respect for all.
Bless us with patience for the path of learning is never
easy. Bless our commitment to keep on learning new
knowledge and experiences. Let your light shine upon us,
as we make our world a better place to live in. Amen.
What I Need to Know

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. represent real-life situations using rational functions;

2. distinguishes rational function, rational equation and rational


inequality.
Lesson 1
Representing Real – life
Situations Using Rational
Functions
Definition of Rational Function
A rational function, r(x) is a function of the
form 𝑟(𝑥) = 𝑝(𝑥)/ 𝑞(𝑥) where p(x) and q(x)
are polynomial functions and 𝑞(𝑥) ≠ 0. The
domain of r(x) is a set of real numbers
such that q(x) is not zero.
The following are examples of
rational functions:
1. 𝑟(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ≠ -1
Both numerator and denominator are
polynomial functions, denominator has
restriction because it should not be equal to
zero.
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ≠ 0
The numerator 1 is a polynomial function
with a degree 0, the denominator is a
polynomial function and it must not be equal
to 0.
There are different scenarios or real-
world relationships that can be
modeled by rational functions, let us
take the following examples:
1. The Local Government Unit allotted a budget
of ₱100,000.00 for the feeding program in
the Day Care Center. The amount will be
divided equally to all the pupils in the Day
Care Center. Write an equation showing the
relationship of the allotted amount per pupil
represented by f(x) versus the total number of
children represented by x.
Showing the relationship in tabular form we will
arrived at
No. of Children 10 20 50 100 200
(x)
Allocated amount
per child ₱10, 000 ₱5,000 ₱2, 000 ₱1,000 ₱500

Notice that as the number of children increases the amount


allocated per child decreases.
In writing a representation we will arrived at 𝑓(𝑥) = .
2. Suppose a benefactor wants to supplement the
budget allotted for each child by donating
additional ₱650.00 per child. If h(x) represents
the new amount allotted per child, construct a
function representing the relationship. Using the
table, we used earlier:
No. of 10 20 50 100 200
Children (x)
Allocated ₱10, 000 ₱ 5,000 ₱ 2, 000 ₱ 1,000 ₱ 500
amount per + ₱650 + ₱ 650 +₱ 650 +₱ 650 +₱ 650
child

Thus, the representation of the rational function is


100,000
h(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 650.
3. A car is to travel a distance of 70 kilometers. Express
the velocity (v) as a function of travel time (t) in hours.

Let us first show the relationship using a


table. Remember that as time increases in
travelling, the velocity or the speed of a car
will decrease.
Time 1 2 3 5 10
(hours)
Velocity 70 35 23.33 14 7
(km/hr)

Thus, the function 𝑣(𝑡) = can represent v as a function


of t.
Lesson 2
Rational Functions, Equations
and Inequalities
A rational expression can be
described as a ratio or quotient of two
polynomials.
Consider the following algebraic expressions,
determine whether they are rational expression or not
and state the reason.

1. x3−5𝑥+2 Rational expression because it is a


𝑥+1 ratio of two polynomials.

2. 2 Rational expression because 2 and x


𝑥−5 – 5 are polynomials.
3. √𝑥−4 Not a rational expression since the
2𝑥+1 numerator is not a polynomial.

4. 𝑥 + 5 Rational expression because the


numerator x+5 and denominator 1 are
polynomials.
To determine the difference among rational function,
rational equation and rational inequality study the table
below:
Rational Rational Rational Function
Equation Inequality
Definition An equation An inequality A function of the form 𝑓(𝑥) =
involving involving where p(x) and q(x) are
rational rational polynomial functions and q(x) is
expressions expressions. not the zero function.

Example: 𝒙 𝟐+𝟔 𝒙 +𝟖
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=
𝒙+ 𝟒
Additional examples:
Determine whether the given sentence is a
rational equation, a rational function, a rational
inequality or none of these.
2+ 𝑥 This is an example of rational function because the symbol y is
1. =𝑦
𝑥 −1 also a representation of function of x or f(x).

2.
√2 ≤ 3
𝑥+1 None of these because is not a rational expression.
𝑥 +5
3. =8 This is an example of rational equation because it involves
𝑥−1
rational expressions.

7
4 .2𝑥≥ This is an example of rational inequality because it involves
𝑥+4 rational expressions.
Module 5 performance task
1. During the first quarter of the school year the officers – elect of the
Supreme Student Government decided to divide their budget evenly to
the different committees. If their budget is ₱50,000, construct a function M
which would give the amount of money each of the n number of
committees would receive.

a. You may construct a table to aid you in determining the relationships


between quantities.
Number of Committees 2 4 6 8 10

Amount allocated for each


committee

b. Write the rational function that represents the situation.


2. To strengthen your skills in determining rational
functions, rational equations and rational inequality,
construct five examples of each category.
Rational Equation Rational Function Rational Inequality

1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4.

5. 5. 5.

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