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    Francis Turbine

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    Yaswanth sai
    The Francis turbine was invented by James B. Francis in the United States and is the most commonly used water turbine today. It uses both the pressure and kinetic energy of flowing water to convert it into rotational energy via a series of guide vanes, a runner, and draft tube. Francis turbines operate at water heads between 10 to 650 meters and are primarily used to generate electricity with outputs ranging from 10 to 750 megawatts.

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    Francis Turbine

    Uploaded by

    Yaswanth sai
    62 views11 pages
    The Francis turbine was invented by James B. Francis in the United States and is the most commonly used water turbine today. It uses both the pressure and kinetic energy of flowing water to convert it into rotational energy via a series of guide vanes, a runner, and draft tube. Francis turbines operate at water heads between 10 to 650 meters and are primarily used to generate electricity with outputs ranging from 10 to 750 megawatts.

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    The Francis turbine was invented by James B. Francis in the United States and is the most commonly used water turbine today. It uses both the pressure and kinetic energy of flowing water to convert it into rotational energy via a series of guide vanes, a runner, and draft tube. Francis turbines operate at water heads between 10 to 650 meters and are primarily used to generate electricity with outputs ranging from 10 to 750 megawatts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    62 views11 pages

    Francis Turbine

    Uploaded by

    Yaswanth sai
    The Francis turbine was invented by James B. Francis in the United States and is the most commonly used water turbine today. It uses both the pressure and kinetic energy of flowing water to convert it into rotational energy via a series of guide vanes, a runner, and draft tube. Francis turbines operate at water heads between 10 to 650 meters and are primarily used to generate electricity with outputs ranging from 10 to 750 megawatts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    FRANCIS TURBINE

    IMAGE OF FRANCIS TURBINE


    INTRODUCTION OF TURBINE

     The device in which the kinetic ,potential or intermolecular energy held by the fluid is
    converted in the form of mechanical energy of a rotating member is known as a turbine
     Also ,defined as all machines in which hydraulic energy is transferred into mechanical
    energy (in the form of rotating shaft ) ,or in some other moving parts are known as
    ‘turbines’ or hydraulic motors.
    Impulse turbine : Only kinetic energy of water is used to drive turbine.
    Reaction turbine : Kinetic energy as well as Pressure energy of water is used to drive
    turbine. Eg.Francis Turbine.
    INVENTOR OF FRANCIS TURBINE

     This turbine was invented by Sir James B. France in Lowell,


    Massachusetts, U.S.A.
     Studying the Boyden turbine ,Francis was able to redesign it
    to increase efficiency
     BoydenTurbine could achieve a 65 percent efficiency.
     So, James France redesigned this turbine and new turbine
    with 88% efficiency was invented.
     This was known as ‘Francis turbine’.
    INTRODUCTION OF FRANCIS TURBINE

     Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use


    today. .
     They operate in a water head from 10 to 650 meters (33 to
    2,133 feet).
     They are primarily used for electrical power production.
     The turbine powered generator power output generally
    ranges from 10 to 750 megawatts
    SECTION VIEW OF FRANCIS TURBINE
    WORKING PRICIPLE OF FRANCIS TURBINE


    The water is admitted to the runner through guide vanes or wicket gates.  The opening
    between the vanes can be adjusted to vary the quantity of water admitted to the turbine.
    This is done to suit the load conditions.

    The water enters the runner with a low velocity but with a considerable pressure. As the
    water flows over the vanes the pressure head is gradually converted into velocity head.

    This kinetic energy is utilized in rotating the wheel Thus the hydraulic energy is
    converted into mechanical energy.

    The outgoing water enters the tailrace after passing through the draft tube. The draft
    tube enlarges gradually and the enlarged end is submerged deeply in the tailrace water.

    Due to this arrangement a suction head is created at the exit of the runner.
    MAIN PARTS OF FRANCIS TURBINE

     PENSTOCK - It is a large size conduit which conveys water from upstream to the dam/reservoir to the
    turbine runner
     SPIRAL CASING - It constitutes a closed passage whose cross section area gradually decrease along
    flow direction area is maximum at inlet and nearly zero at exit
     GUIDE VANES - These vanes direct the water on the runner at an angle appropriate to the design,
    controlled by hand wheel or governor
     GOVERNING MECHANISM - It changes the position of guide vanes to affect a variation in water flow
    rate, when the load condition on the turbine changes
     RUNNER - The driving force on the runner is both due to impulse and reaction effect.
     DRAFT TUBE - It is generally an expending tube which discharges the water, passing through the
    runner to the tail race.
    ADVANTAGES OF FRANCIS TURBINE

     It is most widely used turbine in world (70- 80%).


     Effective use of water pressure as well as velocity.
     It is American standard turbine.
     Very good efficiency (80-94%)
    LIMITATIONS OF FANCIS TURBINE

     Cost is high.
     Due to it’s complex design and large no of
    moving parts, maintenance and repair is difficult
    and costly.
     It is applicable to flow of medium head only.
     Cavitation is also a big problem.
    THANK YOU

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