Phrase and Clause

NAME : ANIQA MUMTAZ
ROLL NO :337
DISCIPLINE: BS ENGLISH
SEMESTER 1
SUBJECT: LINGUISTICS
SUBMITTED TO: MAM KOMAL
TOPIC :
PHRASE AND CLAUSE AND THEIR
TYPES
PHRASE
Defination: Such a group of words, which makes sense, but
not complete sense, is called phrase.
Examples:
 The sun rises in the east.
 Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall.
Types of Phrase
1. Noun Phrase :
A noun phrase is usually assembled centering a single noun and works as
a subject, an object or a complement in the sentence.
Example:
 I like to swing the bat hard when am at the crease. ( An object)
 Reading novels is a good habit. ( A subject)
 The probability of the match is not much. (A subject).
2. Adjective Phrase:
An adjective phrase is comprised of an adjective and works as a single adjective in the sentence.
Example :
 Alex is a well behaved man.
 Julie is a woman of gorgeous style.
3. Adverbial Phrase:
An adverbial phrase modifies the verb or the adjective and works as an adverb in the sentence.
Example :
 The horse runs at a good speed.
 I was in a hurry then.
4. Prepositional Phrase:
A prepositional phrase always begins with a preposition and connects noun.

Example :
 He sacrificed his life for the sake of his country.
 In the end, we all have to die.
4. Conjunctional Phrase:
A conjunctional phrase works as a conjunction in the sentence.
Example:
 We have to work hard so that we can win the next match.
 John started working early in order that he could finish early.
7. Interjectional Phrase:
Interjections that have more than one words are called
the interjectional phrases.
Example :
 What a pity! He is died.
 What a pleasure! I won the 1st prize.
 Oh please! Don’t say that again.
CLAUSE
Defination : Such a group of words which forms part of a sentence, and contains a
Subject and Predicate, is called clause.
Example :
 People who pay their debts are trusted.
 We cannot start while it is raining
 When I came here, I saw her .
Types of Clause
1. Independent Clause:
An independent clause function on its own to make a meaningful sentence and looks much
like a regular sentence. In a sentence two independent clause can b connected by the coordinators.
Cardinators : and, but, yet, so, or, nor, for i.e.
Example :
 I like him.
 He is a wise man.
 I want to buy a car, but I don’t have enough money.
 He went to London and visited Lord’s.
2. Dependent Clause:
A dependent clause cannot on its own because it leaves an idea or thought unfinished. It is
also called subordinate clause.Dependent clause help the independent clause complete the sentence.
The subordinators do the work of connecting the dependent clause to another clause to complete the
sentence. In each of the dependent clause, the first word subordinator. Subordinators include relative
pronouns, subordinating conjunction, and noun clause markers.
Example:
 When I was dating Dania, I had an accident.
 If you don’t eat, I won’t go.
Types of Dependent Clause
There are three types of dependent clause :
1. Noun clause:
A subordinat clause which act as a noun in a sentence called noun clause. It usually start with words like ‘that,
whatever, what, who, whom’ . It’s act exactly like a noun in a sentence.
Examples
 Whatever we study, increase our knowledge.
 Now I realized what you had thought.
 I buy whatever I need.
2. Adjective Clause:
A subordinat clause which act as a adjective in a sentence called adjective
clause. Like an adjective it alsa add meanings in noun or pronouns. An adjective clause is
usually start from realitive pronouns.
Example:
 I saw a child who was crying.
 I watch a movie which amused me a lot.
 The car, which I like, consumes less fule.
3. Adverbial Clause:
A subordinat clause which act as a adverb in a sentence is called adverb clause.
Like an adverb it alsa modifies noun, verb or another adverb. It modifies the verb Of main clause in
terms of frequency, time, intensity, effects and conditions.
Example:
 Call me when you need my help.
 The patient had died before the doctor reached.
 I worked in a factory while I was living in London.
THANK YOU

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NAME : ANIQA MUMTAZ

A prepositional phrase always begins with a preposition and connects noun.

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